Renan Mauch

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Born in Aguaí/SP on November 18th, 1988. Graduated in Biomedicine by the Federal University of Alfenas (Unifal-MG) in 2011. Master's degree in Health Sciences by the University of Campinas (Unicamp) in 2014. Currently PhD researcher in Unicamp. Research area: Cystic Fibrosis Microbiology and Immunology.

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Don Ross

University College Cork

Armando Marques-Guedes

UNL - New University of Lisbon

Giulia Sissa

Ucla

Andrew W Wilkins

Goldsmiths, University of London

Marc Goergen

IE BUSINESS SCHOOL

Robert Kozinets

University of Southern California

Tim Sandle

The University of Manchester

Delphine Dion

ESSEC Business School

Juraj Marušiak

Slovak Academy of Sciences

Julien Cayla

Nanyang Technological University

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Papers by Renan Mauch

Effective combined antiretroviral therapy provides partial immune recovery to mycobacterial antigens in vertically infected, BCG-vaccinated youth living with HIV

Tuberculosis

Adaptive Immune Response to Mycobacterium abscessus Complex and Cross-Reactivity of BCG Vaccination

Background: Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC) is a major pathogenic group among nontubercul... more Background: Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC) is a major pathogenic group among nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Here we characterized the adaptive immune response to MABSC and its cross reactivity with Mycobacterium bovis (Bacille Calmette-Guerin, BCG) using cystic fibrosis (CF) lung infection as a model. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study enrolling CF patients with and without history of NTM infection (CF/NTM+ and CF/NTM-), non-CF controls vaccinated and not vaccinated with BCG (C/BCG+ and C/BCG-). The anti-MABSC response was assessed in terms of lymphocyte activity and cytokine production after challenge with MABSC, and measurement of specific IgG. Results: The CF/NTM+ and C/BCG+ groups had cellular and cytokine responses with similar intensity, characterized by a Th1-dominated phenotype – high CD4 T-cell proliferation, increased IFN-γ and TNF-α production. The B-cell response and its associated cytokines CD40L and IL-4 were less pronounced, although IgG levels wer...

Frequency of respiratory pathogens other than SARS-CoV-2 detected during COVID-19 testing

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease

The frequencies of 19 respiratory pathogens other than SARS-CoV-2 were assessed in 6,235 Brazilia... more The frequencies of 19 respiratory pathogens other than SARS-CoV-2 were assessed in 6,235 Brazilian individuals tested for COVID-19. Overall, only 83 individuals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had co-detection of other pathogens. Individuals infected with Rhinovirus/Enterovirus, Human Coronavirus (HCoV)-HKU1, HCoV-NL63, HPIV-4, Influenza A (-H1N1 and other subtypes), Influenza B, Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus were less likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2. Infection with Streptococcys pyogenes, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Bordetella pertussis were more frequent in individuals who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2, but without significancy. We found 150 individuals infected with ≥2 pathogens other than SARS-CoV-2, only three out of whom tested positive for COVID-19. The co-detection frequency was low in individuals diagnosed with COVID-19. Other viral infections may provide a cross-reactive, protective immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Screening for bacterial respiratory infections upon COVID-19 testing is important to drive suitable therapeutic approaches and avoid unnecessary antibiotic prescription.

One Year of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Brazil: A Political and Social Overview

Annals of Global Health

Reducing public health costs with infant formulas: oral food challenge and misdiagnosed or outgrown cow’s milk protein allergy

IgG avidity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa over the course of chronic lung biofilm infection in cystic fibrosis

Journal of Cystic Fibrosis

The mechanisms leading to low effectiveness of the humoral immune response against P. aeruginosa ... more The mechanisms leading to low effectiveness of the humoral immune response against P. aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (CF) are poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to assess the avidity maturation of specific antipseudomonal IgG before and during the development of chronic lung infection in a cohort of Danish CF patients. Avidity maturation was assessed against a pooled P. aeruginosa antigen (St-Ag) and against P. aeruginosa alginate in 10 CF patients who developed chronic lung infection and 10 patients who developed intermittent lung colonization, using an ELISA technique with the thiocyanate elution method. Avidity was quantitatively determined by calculating the avidity Constant (Kav). IgG avidity to St-Ag significantly increased at the onset (Median Kav=2.47) and one year after the onset of chronic infection (Median Kav=3.27), but did not significantly changed in patients who developed intermittent colonization. IgG avidity against alginate did not significantly change over the years neither in patients who developed chronic lung infection (Median Kav=3.84 at the onset of chronic infection), nor in patients who developed intermittent colonization. IgG avidity to P. aeruginosa alginate does not significantly enhance as chronic lung infection progresses. This probably plays a role in the difficulty to mount an effective opsonophagocytic killing to clear mucoid P. aeruginosa infection in CF.

Antibody response against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its relationship with immune mediators in the upper and lower airways of cystic fibrosis patients

Pediatric Pulmonology

Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in a Brazilian pediatric population: a seven-year survey

Pathogens and Global Health

Lymphocyte responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis are similar between BCG-vaccinated patients with cystic fibrosis and healthy controls

Journal of Cystic Fibrosis

Safety, Tolerability, and Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate Inhalation in Cystic Fibrosis

Clinical Drug Investigation

Background Among the many consequences of loss of CFTR protein function, a significant reduction ... more Background Among the many consequences of loss of CFTR protein function, a significant reduction of the secretion of bicarbonate (HCO 3 −) in cystic fibrosis (CF) is a major pathogenic feature. Loss of HCO 3 − leads to abnormally low pH and impaired mucus clearance in airways and other exocrine organs, which suggests that NaHCO 3 inhalation may be a low-cost, easily accessible therapy for CF. Objective To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and effects of inhaled aerosols of NaHCO 3 solutions (4.2% and 8.4%). Methods An experimental, prospective, open-label, pilot, clinical study was conducted with 12 CF volunteer participants over 18 years of age with bronchiectasis and pulmonary functions classified as mildly to severely depressed. Sputum rheology, pH, and microbiology were examined as well as spirometry, exercise performance, quality-of-life assessments, dyspnea, blood count, and venous blood gas levels. Results Sputum pH increased immediately after inhalation of NaHCO 3 at each clinical visit and was inversely correlated with rheology when all parameters were evaluated: [G′ (elasticity of the mucus) = − 0.241; G″ (viscosity of the mucus) = − 0.287; G* (viscoelasticity of the mucus) = − 0.275]. G* and G′ were slightly correlated with peak flow, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1), and quality of life; G″ was correlated with quality of life; sputum pH was correlated with oxygen consumption (VO 2) and vitality score in quality of life. No changes were observed in blood count, venous blood gas, respiratory rate, heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SpO 2), body temperature, or incidence of dyspnea. No adverse events associated with the study were observed. Conclusion Nebulized NaHCO 3 inhalation appears to be a safe and well tolerated potential therapeutic agent in the management of CF. Nebulized NaHCO 3 inhalation temporarily elevates airway liquid pH and reduces sputum viscosity and viscoelasticity.

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Secretory IgA-mediated immune response in saliva and early detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lower airways of pediatric cystic fibrosis patients

Medical Microbiology and Immunology

Prevalence and clinical outcomes of nontuberculous mycobacteria in a Brazilian cystic fibrosis reference center

Pathogens and disease, Jan 28, 2018

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have been well established as an opportunistic pathogenic bacte... more Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have been well established as an opportunistic pathogenic bacterial group for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, with a prevalence ranging from 3 to 23% worldwide. A myriad of factors can bias the prevalence rate in different CF centers, especially misdiagnosis as systematic screening for NTM are still lacking in a number of centers. Here, we evaluated the presence and clinical outcomes of NTM isolation in microbiological respiratory cultures from CF patients attending a Brazilian reference center after setting up a systematic diagnostic protocol. Of 117 patients with respiratory samples cultured for NTM research, we found seven patients (6%) with at least one positive result for NTM [four males (57.1%), Median Age = 21 years (9 - 58)]. These cases are reported one-by-one. Median FEV1 was 40%, all patients showed signs of lung deterioration, with a median number of pulmonary exacerbations of three per patient/year. However, the impact of NTM isolation r...

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IgG avidity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa over the course of chronic lung biofilm infection in cystic fibrosis

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society, Jan 11, 2017

Mechanisms of humoral immune response against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm infection in cystic fibrosis

Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society, Jan 12, 2017

P. aeruginosa chronic lung infection is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients wi... more P. aeruginosa chronic lung infection is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), and is characterized by a biofilm mode of growth, increased levels of specific IgG antibodies and immune complex formation. However, despite being designed to combat this infection, such elevated humoral response is not associated with clinical improvement, pointing to a lack of anti-pseudomonas effectiveness. The mode of action of specific antibodies, as well as their structural features, and even the background involving B-cell production, stimulation and differentiation into antibody-producing cells in the CF airways are poorly understood. Thus, the aim of this review is to discuss studies that have addressed the intrinsic features of the humoral immune response and provide new insights regarding its insufficiency in the CF context.

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Secretory IgA response against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the upper airways and the link with chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis

Pathogens and disease, Aug 22, 2017

We assessed the diagnostic ability of an ELISA test for measurement of specific secretory IgA (sI... more We assessed the diagnostic ability of an ELISA test for measurement of specific secretory IgA (sIgA) in saliva to identify Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients with P. aeruginosa chronic lung infection and intermittent lung colonization. A total of 102 Brazilian CF patients and 53 healthy controls were included. Specific serum IgG response was used as a surrogate to distinguish CF patients according to their P. aeruginosa colonization/infection status. The rate of sIgA positivity was 87.1% in CF chronically infected patients (Median value = 181.5 U/mL), 48.7% in intermittently colonized patients (Median value = 45.8 U/mL) and 21.8% in free of infection patients (Median value = 22.1 U/mL). SIgA levels in saliva were significantly associated with serum P. aeruginosa IgG and microbiological culture results. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for differentiation between presence and absence of chronic lung infection were 87%, 63%, 51% and 92%. Measurement of sIgA in saliva may be used f...

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SP006 Antimicrobial-susceptibility profile of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains obtained of patients attended in a Hospital of Campinas, Brazil

Revista Eletronica De Farmacia, Dec 27, 2012

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is one of the most common causes of pneumonia, meningitis... more Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is one of the most common causes of pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis in infants, children and adults, responsible for elevated morbidity and mortality indexes, particularly in developing countries. The treatment for pneumococcal diseases is based on antibiotical therapy which, in gerenal, is empiric about ethiology and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility. Since that the epidemiology of the pneumococcal disease varies according to region and through time, periodical evaluations of the antimicrobial resistence make necessary for a better therapeutic orientation and control strategies definitions. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial-susceptibility profile of pneumococcal strains obtained of patients attended at the Clinical Hospital of the State University of Campinas (HC-Unicamp) between 2007 and 2012. Methodology: 334 pneumococcal strains obtained of patients with clinical diagnostic of pneumonia, meningitis, bacteremia and sepsis were analyzed. The strains were submitted to susceptibility test through antibiogram for the antibiotics cloranfenicol, clindamicin, levofloxacin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole-thrimetoprin (SXT), tetraciclin e vancomicin and comparisons between the susceptibility and resistance profiles were accomplished. Results: The higher resistance percentage was observed in SXT, with 55 (16,5%) resistant strains. Accordingly to age group, the highest resistant percentage occured in the group of 41-60 years old, with 26 strains (7,78%) showed resistance to at least one antibiotic. The higher frequency of general resistance was observed in 2008, with 33 (9,88%) resistant strains. In 2012 (until the moment), 25 (7,49%) strains showed resistance to at least one antibiotic. 5 strains (1,5%) showed multi resistance (resistance to 3 ou more antibiotics) and 6 (1,8%) were resistant to penicillin. It was observed a linear increase in the resistance to tetraciclin starting from 2009. Conclusion: The higher frequency of SXT-resistance is probably due to the higher use of this antibiotic for the infections treatment. The percentage of resistant strains in 2012 is preoccupying, since that just a half of this year has been elapsed, as well as the increase of resistance to tetraciclin since 2009. Between the antibiotics, vancomicin deserves a detach, for not having related resistance in this 6 years, thus, it could be important for the initial treatment of pneumococcal infection. Penicilin resistance was not observed, which is important, since that this is the antibiotic of first choice for the majority of pneumococcal infections. Continuous surveillance must be accomplished, in order to detect possible moficitations in these trends.

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Association of growth and nutritional parameters with pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis: a literature review

Revista Paulista de Pediatria (English Edition), 2016

Objective: To review the literature addressing the relationship of growth and nutritional paramet... more Objective: To review the literature addressing the relationship of growth and nutritional parameters with pulmonary function in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis. Data source: A collection of articles published in the last 15 years in English, Portuguese and Spanish was made by research in electronic databases-PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, Lilacs and Scielo-using the keywords cystic fibrosis, growth, nutrition, pulmonary function in varied combinations. Articles that addressed the long term association of growth and nutritional parameters, with an emphasis on growth, with pulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis, were included, and we excluded those that addressing only the relationship between nutritional parameters and cystic fibrosis and those in which the aim was to describe the disease. Data synthesis: Seven studies were included, with a total of 12,455 patients. Six studies reported relationship between growth parameters and lung function, including one study addressing the association of growth parameters, solely, with lung function, and all the seven studies reported relationship between nutritional parameters and lung function. Conclusions: The review suggests that the severity of the lung disease, determined by spirometry, is associated with body growth and nutritional status in cystic fibrosis. Thus, the intervention in these parameters can lead to the better prognosis and life expectancy for cystic fibrosis patients.

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Effective combined antiretroviral therapy provides partial immune recovery to mycobacterial antigens in vertically infected, BCG-vaccinated youth living with HIV

Tuberculosis

Adaptive Immune Response to Mycobacterium abscessus Complex and Cross-Reactivity of BCG Vaccination