The Correlation ofDNA Quantity in Allele Peak Heights And Peak Areas: A Study of 115 DNA Samples ... more The Correlation ofDNA Quantity in Allele Peak Heights And Peak Areas: A Study of 115 DNA Samples From Crime Scenes </div
Bu çalı manın amacı; azoospermili ve oligozoospermili erkek hastalarda hem kromozom anomalilerini... more Bu çalı manın amacı; azoospermili ve oligozoospermili erkek hastalarda hem kromozom anomalilerinin hem de Y mikrodelesyonlarının sıklı ını ve tiplerini belirlemek; saptanan genetik anomaliler ile infertil erkeklerdeki klinik veriler arasındaki ili kiyi incelenmi tir. Genetik anomali saptanan azoospermik ve oligozoospermik erkeklerde, genetik anomali varlı ının intrasitoplazmik sperm injeksiyonu (ICSI) sonrası fertilizasyon ba arısı oranları üzerine etkisini ara tırmaktır. Bu çalı mada 97 infertil ve 10 fertil erkek incelenmi tir. Bu çalı mada 97 infertil erkek hasta arasında azoospermik olan 73 hastanın 2'sinde Y kromozom delesyonu saptanmı tır. Azoospermik 73 hastanın 13'ünde ve oligozoospermili 24 hastanın ise 3'ünde toplam 16 infertil hastada kromozom anomalisi saptanmı tır. Genetik anomalili hastaların ICSI sonrası gebelik sonuçları ile non-genetik hastaların ICSI sonrası gebelik sonuçları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştırWe determined the ...
Aim In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms to... more Aim In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms to homocysteine levels in patients with Parkinson's disease who were treated with levodopa and entekapone. Materials and Methods Plasma homocysteine (hcy), folic acid and vitamin B12 levels and MTHFR (C677T, A1298C) polymorphisms and treatment options were compared in 70 Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients who taking levodopa (n=26), dopamine agonist (n=11) and levodopa and entacapone treatment together (n=33) with 100 controls. Results Although no statistically significant difference was detected, hcy level of the patients was found higher compared to control group (patient 18.29 ± 9.22 μmol /l vs control 15.77 ± 7.58 μmol / l) and hcy level was highest in the patients receiving only levodopa (19.56 ± 10.77 μmol / l). The frequency of TT genotype in the patients was higher compared to the control group (11.4%, 6%). Especially, hcy level for levodopa-receiving patients with 677TT gen...
Objective: In this study, we reported two biological brothers whose paternity cannot be excluded ... more Objective: In this study, we reported two biological brothers whose paternity cannot be excluded based on 21 STR loci without including mother. Though mother adjoined to the test; furthermore paternity of one father candidate was rejected with X STR analysis. Results: Two father candidate brothers, mother and the child (girl) were firstly analyzed by a commercial kit which includes 15 STR loci. While between child and father candidate 1 was determined a single incompatibility at D21S11 loci. The father candidate 2 was determined full compatibility in all loci. Furthermore, although tested by the usage of a commercial kit which covers 5 different STR loci and another one covering an additional locus, between child and father candidate 1 was determined a single incompatibility at D21S11 loci again. Then X STR analysis was performed to two father candidate brothers, mother and the child. According to the results of X STR analysis; paternity of father candidate 1 was rejected on DXS1013...
International Journal of Basic and Clinical Medicine, 2015
Aim In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms to... more Aim In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms to homocysteine levels in patients with Parkinson's disease who were treated with levodopa and entekapone. Material and Methods Plasma homocysteine (hcy), folat and vitamin B12 and MTHFR (C677T, A1298C) polymorphisms and treatment options were compared in 70 Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients whom taking levodopa (n=26), dopamine agonist (n=11) and levodopa and entacapone treatment together (n=33) with 100 controls. Results Although no statistically significant difference was detected, hcy level of the patients was found higher compared to control group (patient 18.29 ± 9.22 µmol /l vs control 15.77 ± 7.58 µmol / l; p> 0,05) and hcy level was highest in the patients receiving only levodopa, too (19.56 ± 10.77 µmol / l; p> 0,05). The frequency of TT genotype in the patients was higher compared to the control group (11.4%, 6%, P 0, 05). Conclusions Finally, we concluded that bot...
Situated at the crossroads of Asia, Middle East and Europe, Turkey has an ethnically diverse popu... more Situated at the crossroads of Asia, Middle East and Europe, Turkey has an ethnically diverse population of over 78 milllion people. To investigate the population genetics and potential differences in the autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphisms across all the major geographic regions and largest metropolitan province of Turkey within the context of the Near Eastern/European genetic landscape. Samples from a total of 5299 unrelated individuals were analysed at 10 common [D2S1338, D3S1358, D8S1179, D16S539, D18S51, D19S433, D21S11, FGA, TH01, vWA] and five new European Standard Set (ESS) core autosomal STR loci [D1S1656, D2S441, D10S1248, D12S391, D22S1045]. Allele frequencies, statistical parameters of forensic interest and population differentiation tests were calculated for nine population datasets corresponding to the seven major geographic regions, the largest metropolitan province, and a combined dataset for the entire country. Cumulative results confirmed the presence ...
Paternity identification is succeeded by comparing the polymorphic short tandem repeats (STR) of ... more Paternity identification is succeeded by comparing the polymorphic short tandem repeats (STR) of parents and child. Sex chromosomal anauploidies were also encountered in rutin paternity tests. Here, we are presenting a child with Klinefelter syndrome diagnosed using X chrosome STR analysis at the same time in whom a single repeat mutation was detected in D19S433 locus in autosomal STR analysis. ''13-15'' alleles and ''13-14'' alleles were detected at D19S433 locus in child and alleged parents in autosomal STR analysis, respectively. The child was shown to have a mutation that was causing repeat extension of ‘14’ allele of mother or probable father to ‘15’ allele. Paternity and maternity were confirmed with >99.99% probability using 19 loci autosomal STR analysis. Moreover, the child had more than one heterozygote alleles in X choromosome STR analysis. So, the child diagnosed as Klinefelter syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report a child with Klinefelter syndrome at the same time had D19S433 locus STR mutation. Forensic genetics specialists should be aware of these rare abnormalities and be carreful to misinterpretation of STR results of paternity tests.
In routine parentage tests, trio analyses (father-mother-child) are preferred. Under certain circ... more In routine parentage tests, trio analyses (father-mother-child) are preferred. Under certain circumstances, laboratories may have to perform duo analysis (without mother/father). However, duo analyses increase the risk of false inclusions. This paper aimed to evaluate the false inclusion risks of duo analyses in the Turkish population from the point of forensic applications and the Turkish judicial system. Children from 400 previously analysed cases were compared separately with fathers and mothers of other cases by using a computer programme. From the total 345,006 comparisons, in 16 comparisons, no Short Tandem Repeat (STR) mismatch was observed at 15 STR loci between the child and an unrelated parent. In other words, duo tests provided a coincidental second mother or father to 16 children. In almost all of these cases, the probabilities of paternity estimation values are greater than Turkish Judicial System’s parentage acceptance limit, which is 99.73%. According to results, we suggested that trio cases should be performed as much as possible and the parentage acceptance limit, which is 99.73%, should be re-evaluated by a law maker’s commission to prevent false inclusion parentage cases in Turkey.
Here, we report an incest paternity case involving three biological brothers as alleged fathers (... more Here, we report an incest paternity case involving three biological brothers as alleged fathers (AFs), their biological sister and her child that was investigated using the Investigator ESSplex Plus, AmpFLSTR Identifiler Plus/Investigator IDplex Plus and PowerPlex 16 kits. Initial duo paternity investigations using 15-loci autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) analyses failed to exclude any of the AFs. Despite the fact that one of the brothers, AF1, had a mismatch with the child at a single locus (D2S1338), the possibility of a single-step mutation could not be ruled out. When the number of autosomal STR loci analysed was increased to 22 without the inclusion of the mother, AF2 and AF3 still could not be excluded, since both of them again had no mismatches with the child. A breakthrough was possible only upon inclusion of the mother so that trio paternity investigations were carried out. This time AF1 and AF2 could be excluded at two loci (D2S1338 and D1S1656) and six loci (vWa, D1S16...
• Aware some DNA profiling difficulties while solving incest paternity cases • There is no consen... more • Aware some DNA profiling difficulties while solving incest paternity cases • There is no consensus about the timing of curettage for fetal DNA detection. • When solving of incest cases the multidisciplinary approach is very important.
Objective: Recently understanding genetic forms and pathogenic mutations has been providing growi... more Objective: Recently understanding genetic forms and pathogenic mutations has been providing growing knowledges about etiopathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) G2019S mutation is the most commonly reported mutation amongst autosomal dominant and sporadic Parkinson's disease patients. Aims of our study are to identify the frequency of the LRRK2 G2019S mutation in sporadic late onset Parkinson's disease patients from the Eskisehir, diagnostic utility of this mutation and to confer genetic counselling to the mutation carier patients. Methods: We investigated 83 patients with sporadic Parkinson's disease and 50 normal (healty) controls unrelated to patients. LRRK2 exon 41 was investigated with direct sequencing method. Results: Any point mutation or polymorphism was not detected in the LRRK2 exon 41 amongst patients and control subjects. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the frequency of LRRK2 G2019S mutation is very lower in T...
Despite the association of several miRNAs with bladder cancer, little is known about the miRNAs&a... more Despite the association of several miRNAs with bladder cancer, little is known about the miRNAs&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; regulatory networks. In this study, we aimed to construct potential networks of bladder-cancer-related miRNAs and their known target genes using miRNA expression profiling and bioinformatics tools and to investigate potential key molecules that might play roles in bladder cancer regulatory networks. Global miRNA expression profiles were obtained using microarray followed by RT-qPCR validation using two randomly selected miRNAs. Known targets of deregulated miRNAs were utilized using DIANA-TarBase database v6.0. The incorporation of deregulated miRNAs and target genes into KEGG pathways were utilized using DIANA-mirPath software. To construct potential miRNA regulatory networks, the overlapping parts of three selected KEGG pathways were visualized by Cytoscape software. We finally gained 19 deregulated miRNAs, including 5 ups- and 14 down regulated in 27 bladder-cancer tissue samples and 8 normal urothelial tissue samples. The enrichment results of deregulated miRNAs and known target genes showed that most pathways were related to cancer or cell signaling pathways. We determined the hub CDK6, BCL2, E2F3, PTEN, MYC, RB, and ERBB3 target genes and hub hsa-let-7c, hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-141-3p, hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-23b-3p, and hsa-miR-125b-5p miRNAs of the constructed networks. These findings provide new insights into the bladder cancer regulatory networks and give us a hypothesis that hsa-let-7c, hsa-miR-195-5p, and hsa-miR-125b-5p, along with CDK4 and CDK6 genes might exist in the same bladder cancer pathway. Particularly, hub miRNAs and genes might be potential biomarkers for bladder cancer clinics.
In paternity cases where individuals are close relatives, it may be necessary to evaluate mother&... more In paternity cases where individuals are close relatives, it may be necessary to evaluate mother&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s DNA profile (trio test) and to increase the number of polymorphic STR loci that are analyzed. In our case, two alleged fathers who are brothers and the child (duo case) were analyzed based on 20 STR loci; however, no exclusions could be achieved. Then trio test (with mother) was performed using the Identifiler Plus kit (Applied Biosystems) and no exclusions could be achieved again. Analysis performed with the ESS Plex Plus kit (Qiagen), the paternity of one of the two alleged fathers was rejected only on 2 STR loci. We made the calculations of power of exclusion values to interpret our results more properly. The probability of exclusion (PE) is calculated as 0.9776546 in 15 loci of Identifiler Plus kit without mother. The PE is calculated as 0.9942803, if 5 additional loci from ESS Plex Plus kit are typed. The PE becomes 0.9961048 for the Identifiler Plus kit in trio analysis. If both Identifiler Plus and ESS Plex Plus kits are used for testing, the PE is calculated as 0.999431654, which indicates that the combined kits are highly discriminating.
The Correlation ofDNA Quantity in Allele Peak Heights And Peak Areas: A Study of 115 DNA Samples ... more The Correlation ofDNA Quantity in Allele Peak Heights And Peak Areas: A Study of 115 DNA Samples From Crime Scenes </div
Bu çalı manın amacı; azoospermili ve oligozoospermili erkek hastalarda hem kromozom anomalilerini... more Bu çalı manın amacı; azoospermili ve oligozoospermili erkek hastalarda hem kromozom anomalilerinin hem de Y mikrodelesyonlarının sıklı ını ve tiplerini belirlemek; saptanan genetik anomaliler ile infertil erkeklerdeki klinik veriler arasındaki ili kiyi incelenmi tir. Genetik anomali saptanan azoospermik ve oligozoospermik erkeklerde, genetik anomali varlı ının intrasitoplazmik sperm injeksiyonu (ICSI) sonrası fertilizasyon ba arısı oranları üzerine etkisini ara tırmaktır. Bu çalı mada 97 infertil ve 10 fertil erkek incelenmi tir. Bu çalı mada 97 infertil erkek hasta arasında azoospermik olan 73 hastanın 2'sinde Y kromozom delesyonu saptanmı tır. Azoospermik 73 hastanın 13'ünde ve oligozoospermili 24 hastanın ise 3'ünde toplam 16 infertil hastada kromozom anomalisi saptanmı tır. Genetik anomalili hastaların ICSI sonrası gebelik sonuçları ile non-genetik hastaların ICSI sonrası gebelik sonuçları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştırWe determined the ...
Aim In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms to... more Aim In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms to homocysteine levels in patients with Parkinson's disease who were treated with levodopa and entekapone. Materials and Methods Plasma homocysteine (hcy), folic acid and vitamin B12 levels and MTHFR (C677T, A1298C) polymorphisms and treatment options were compared in 70 Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients who taking levodopa (n=26), dopamine agonist (n=11) and levodopa and entacapone treatment together (n=33) with 100 controls. Results Although no statistically significant difference was detected, hcy level of the patients was found higher compared to control group (patient 18.29 ± 9.22 μmol /l vs control 15.77 ± 7.58 μmol / l) and hcy level was highest in the patients receiving only levodopa (19.56 ± 10.77 μmol / l). The frequency of TT genotype in the patients was higher compared to the control group (11.4%, 6%). Especially, hcy level for levodopa-receiving patients with 677TT gen...
Objective: In this study, we reported two biological brothers whose paternity cannot be excluded ... more Objective: In this study, we reported two biological brothers whose paternity cannot be excluded based on 21 STR loci without including mother. Though mother adjoined to the test; furthermore paternity of one father candidate was rejected with X STR analysis. Results: Two father candidate brothers, mother and the child (girl) were firstly analyzed by a commercial kit which includes 15 STR loci. While between child and father candidate 1 was determined a single incompatibility at D21S11 loci. The father candidate 2 was determined full compatibility in all loci. Furthermore, although tested by the usage of a commercial kit which covers 5 different STR loci and another one covering an additional locus, between child and father candidate 1 was determined a single incompatibility at D21S11 loci again. Then X STR analysis was performed to two father candidate brothers, mother and the child. According to the results of X STR analysis; paternity of father candidate 1 was rejected on DXS1013...
International Journal of Basic and Clinical Medicine, 2015
Aim In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms to... more Aim In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms to homocysteine levels in patients with Parkinson's disease who were treated with levodopa and entekapone. Material and Methods Plasma homocysteine (hcy), folat and vitamin B12 and MTHFR (C677T, A1298C) polymorphisms and treatment options were compared in 70 Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients whom taking levodopa (n=26), dopamine agonist (n=11) and levodopa and entacapone treatment together (n=33) with 100 controls. Results Although no statistically significant difference was detected, hcy level of the patients was found higher compared to control group (patient 18.29 ± 9.22 µmol /l vs control 15.77 ± 7.58 µmol / l; p> 0,05) and hcy level was highest in the patients receiving only levodopa, too (19.56 ± 10.77 µmol / l; p> 0,05). The frequency of TT genotype in the patients was higher compared to the control group (11.4%, 6%, P 0, 05). Conclusions Finally, we concluded that bot...
Situated at the crossroads of Asia, Middle East and Europe, Turkey has an ethnically diverse popu... more Situated at the crossroads of Asia, Middle East and Europe, Turkey has an ethnically diverse population of over 78 milllion people. To investigate the population genetics and potential differences in the autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphisms across all the major geographic regions and largest metropolitan province of Turkey within the context of the Near Eastern/European genetic landscape. Samples from a total of 5299 unrelated individuals were analysed at 10 common [D2S1338, D3S1358, D8S1179, D16S539, D18S51, D19S433, D21S11, FGA, TH01, vWA] and five new European Standard Set (ESS) core autosomal STR loci [D1S1656, D2S441, D10S1248, D12S391, D22S1045]. Allele frequencies, statistical parameters of forensic interest and population differentiation tests were calculated for nine population datasets corresponding to the seven major geographic regions, the largest metropolitan province, and a combined dataset for the entire country. Cumulative results confirmed the presence ...
Paternity identification is succeeded by comparing the polymorphic short tandem repeats (STR) of ... more Paternity identification is succeeded by comparing the polymorphic short tandem repeats (STR) of parents and child. Sex chromosomal anauploidies were also encountered in rutin paternity tests. Here, we are presenting a child with Klinefelter syndrome diagnosed using X chrosome STR analysis at the same time in whom a single repeat mutation was detected in D19S433 locus in autosomal STR analysis. ''13-15'' alleles and ''13-14'' alleles were detected at D19S433 locus in child and alleged parents in autosomal STR analysis, respectively. The child was shown to have a mutation that was causing repeat extension of ‘14’ allele of mother or probable father to ‘15’ allele. Paternity and maternity were confirmed with >99.99% probability using 19 loci autosomal STR analysis. Moreover, the child had more than one heterozygote alleles in X choromosome STR analysis. So, the child diagnosed as Klinefelter syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report a child with Klinefelter syndrome at the same time had D19S433 locus STR mutation. Forensic genetics specialists should be aware of these rare abnormalities and be carreful to misinterpretation of STR results of paternity tests.
In routine parentage tests, trio analyses (father-mother-child) are preferred. Under certain circ... more In routine parentage tests, trio analyses (father-mother-child) are preferred. Under certain circumstances, laboratories may have to perform duo analysis (without mother/father). However, duo analyses increase the risk of false inclusions. This paper aimed to evaluate the false inclusion risks of duo analyses in the Turkish population from the point of forensic applications and the Turkish judicial system. Children from 400 previously analysed cases were compared separately with fathers and mothers of other cases by using a computer programme. From the total 345,006 comparisons, in 16 comparisons, no Short Tandem Repeat (STR) mismatch was observed at 15 STR loci between the child and an unrelated parent. In other words, duo tests provided a coincidental second mother or father to 16 children. In almost all of these cases, the probabilities of paternity estimation values are greater than Turkish Judicial System’s parentage acceptance limit, which is 99.73%. According to results, we suggested that trio cases should be performed as much as possible and the parentage acceptance limit, which is 99.73%, should be re-evaluated by a law maker’s commission to prevent false inclusion parentage cases in Turkey.
Here, we report an incest paternity case involving three biological brothers as alleged fathers (... more Here, we report an incest paternity case involving three biological brothers as alleged fathers (AFs), their biological sister and her child that was investigated using the Investigator ESSplex Plus, AmpFLSTR Identifiler Plus/Investigator IDplex Plus and PowerPlex 16 kits. Initial duo paternity investigations using 15-loci autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) analyses failed to exclude any of the AFs. Despite the fact that one of the brothers, AF1, had a mismatch with the child at a single locus (D2S1338), the possibility of a single-step mutation could not be ruled out. When the number of autosomal STR loci analysed was increased to 22 without the inclusion of the mother, AF2 and AF3 still could not be excluded, since both of them again had no mismatches with the child. A breakthrough was possible only upon inclusion of the mother so that trio paternity investigations were carried out. This time AF1 and AF2 could be excluded at two loci (D2S1338 and D1S1656) and six loci (vWa, D1S16...
• Aware some DNA profiling difficulties while solving incest paternity cases • There is no consen... more • Aware some DNA profiling difficulties while solving incest paternity cases • There is no consensus about the timing of curettage for fetal DNA detection. • When solving of incest cases the multidisciplinary approach is very important.
Objective: Recently understanding genetic forms and pathogenic mutations has been providing growi... more Objective: Recently understanding genetic forms and pathogenic mutations has been providing growing knowledges about etiopathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) G2019S mutation is the most commonly reported mutation amongst autosomal dominant and sporadic Parkinson's disease patients. Aims of our study are to identify the frequency of the LRRK2 G2019S mutation in sporadic late onset Parkinson's disease patients from the Eskisehir, diagnostic utility of this mutation and to confer genetic counselling to the mutation carier patients. Methods: We investigated 83 patients with sporadic Parkinson's disease and 50 normal (healty) controls unrelated to patients. LRRK2 exon 41 was investigated with direct sequencing method. Results: Any point mutation or polymorphism was not detected in the LRRK2 exon 41 amongst patients and control subjects. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the frequency of LRRK2 G2019S mutation is very lower in T...
Despite the association of several miRNAs with bladder cancer, little is known about the miRNAs&a... more Despite the association of several miRNAs with bladder cancer, little is known about the miRNAs&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; regulatory networks. In this study, we aimed to construct potential networks of bladder-cancer-related miRNAs and their known target genes using miRNA expression profiling and bioinformatics tools and to investigate potential key molecules that might play roles in bladder cancer regulatory networks. Global miRNA expression profiles were obtained using microarray followed by RT-qPCR validation using two randomly selected miRNAs. Known targets of deregulated miRNAs were utilized using DIANA-TarBase database v6.0. The incorporation of deregulated miRNAs and target genes into KEGG pathways were utilized using DIANA-mirPath software. To construct potential miRNA regulatory networks, the overlapping parts of three selected KEGG pathways were visualized by Cytoscape software. We finally gained 19 deregulated miRNAs, including 5 ups- and 14 down regulated in 27 bladder-cancer tissue samples and 8 normal urothelial tissue samples. The enrichment results of deregulated miRNAs and known target genes showed that most pathways were related to cancer or cell signaling pathways. We determined the hub CDK6, BCL2, E2F3, PTEN, MYC, RB, and ERBB3 target genes and hub hsa-let-7c, hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-141-3p, hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-23b-3p, and hsa-miR-125b-5p miRNAs of the constructed networks. These findings provide new insights into the bladder cancer regulatory networks and give us a hypothesis that hsa-let-7c, hsa-miR-195-5p, and hsa-miR-125b-5p, along with CDK4 and CDK6 genes might exist in the same bladder cancer pathway. Particularly, hub miRNAs and genes might be potential biomarkers for bladder cancer clinics.
In paternity cases where individuals are close relatives, it may be necessary to evaluate mother&... more In paternity cases where individuals are close relatives, it may be necessary to evaluate mother&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s DNA profile (trio test) and to increase the number of polymorphic STR loci that are analyzed. In our case, two alleged fathers who are brothers and the child (duo case) were analyzed based on 20 STR loci; however, no exclusions could be achieved. Then trio test (with mother) was performed using the Identifiler Plus kit (Applied Biosystems) and no exclusions could be achieved again. Analysis performed with the ESS Plex Plus kit (Qiagen), the paternity of one of the two alleged fathers was rejected only on 2 STR loci. We made the calculations of power of exclusion values to interpret our results more properly. The probability of exclusion (PE) is calculated as 0.9776546 in 15 loci of Identifiler Plus kit without mother. The PE is calculated as 0.9942803, if 5 additional loci from ESS Plex Plus kit are typed. The PE becomes 0.9961048 for the Identifiler Plus kit in trio analysis. If both Identifiler Plus and ESS Plex Plus kits are used for testing, the PE is calculated as 0.999431654, which indicates that the combined kits are highly discriminating.
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Papers by Ramazan Emre