The main objective of this project is to provide the multi sensor railway track geometry surveyin... more The main objective of this project is to provide the multi sensor railway track geometry surveying system. Railway crack status is monitored by the sensor and transfer through wireless modules. For easy surveying of the railway track and if the crack is detected is transferred with less delay time the information can be send to the respected authority. The real time monitoring of the railway track avoids the accident and derailing of the train.
Digital Twin is the modern way of prototyping. It is a new layer on top of an existing model, ext... more Digital Twin is the modern way of prototyping. It is a new layer on top of an existing model, extending the possibilities. This thesis work was carried out and developed at the research laboratory “LIAM LAB”. The main focus was to study the efficacy in developing a Digital Twin of an automatic machine in detail. It is a packaging machine (Technocoil 2200) from “SICA” using PRESPECTIVE, a Digital Twining software based on a game engine UNITY3D. Digital Twin tools and solutions are offered by many major companies, but these have the potential disadvantage of vendor lock-in. Although these brands claim to be open, their tools do not operate very well with third-party software. This makes many users to opt for openness which will help in integrating many features as per their requirement. Another main factor is providing high resolution simulations with an ability to solve complex physical problems which could be handled by Unity. The process of modelling a Digital Twin is studied exten...
Abstract: The first essay of this dissertation examines the time-series evolution and the cross-s... more Abstract: The first essay of this dissertation examines the time-series evolution and the cross-sectional variation of information asymmetry, as measured by the adverse selection cost of trading in the IPO aftermarket. We find that information asymmetry is lowest immediately ...
What is good for big business need not generally advance a country's overall economy. Big busines... more What is good for big business need not generally advance a country's overall economy. Big business turnover correlates with rising income, productivity, and (in high income countries) faster capital accumulation; consistent with Schumpeter's (1912) creative destruction and recent formalizations like Aghion and Howitt (1992). Turnover appears to "cause" growth; and disappearing behemoths, more than rising stars, drive our results. Stronger findings suggest more intense creative destruction in countries with higher incomes, as well as those with smaller governments, Common Law courts, smaller banking systems, stronger shareholder rights, and more open economies. Only the last matters more in lower income countries.
Family firms take different strategic actions because of their desire to grow and preserve socioe... more Family firms take different strategic actions because of their desire to grow and preserve socioemotional wealth (SEW), but pursuing SEW also generates what we call SEW resources that deliver advantages in certain contexts. We develop and test this idea with respect to corporate social responsibility (CSR). We theorize that SEW resources such as reputation, strong stakeholder relationships, and long-term orientation help family firms better leverage symbolic CSR to enhance short-term firm performance and better leverage substantive CSR to enhance long-term firm performance. Regression analyses on a 20-year panel of S& P 500 firms provide supportive evidence. Findings indicate that family firms not only “do it differently” to preserve SEW; they sometimes “do it better” because of SEW.
Flaming combustion is sub-classified into premixed and diffusion flames, the type of flames that ... more Flaming combustion is sub-classified into premixed and diffusion flames, the type of flames that are ubiquitous. From jet engines to rocket engines these types of flames are utilized to generate thrust for our vehicles. With careful observation and inference it can be clearly stated that in real time applications it’s a combination of these two flames in unison that is in work, rather than either one alone. Although innumerable work has been done in the past that concern the two types of flames individually very few research works exists that concerns the transition between these two regimes nor their combined effect on the efficiency of combustion. Current work is aimed at gaining fundamental knowledge of transition, by studying a few of the many factors that influence transition and their corresponding effects on the physical parameters. A butane cylinder fitted with nozzle containing 3 equidistant sets of 4 holes each that have an equal diameter for air entrainment is used for ca...
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, 2020
Vertical root fractures of endodontically treated teeth are an exasperating complication that oft... more Vertical root fractures of endodontically treated teeth are an exasperating complication that often leads to extraction of the tooth. Early detection and management of vertical root fractures, remain a vexing issue that has caused endless anguish for both the patient as well as the dental practitioner. Bicuspidization is a surgical procedure wherein the mesial and distal roots of primarily the mandibular molars are separated with their respective crown segments. This in turn helps the patient maintain effective oral hygiene by using an interdental brush, as it eliminates the presence of a furcation. This article elucidates the treatment procedure of a mandibular molar by biscuspidization.
In this work, SiCp/7085 composites with a volume fraction of 10% were fabricated by ultrasonic st... more In this work, SiCp/7085 composites with a volume fraction of 10% were fabricated by ultrasonic stirring casting. The evolution of the microstructure and wear properties of SiCp/7085 composites, as well as the mechanism of ultrasonic action in the process of preparation, when the ultrasonic treatments last for 0 min, 5 min, 10 min, and 15 min, respectively, were studied using the optical effects (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The experimental results show that the high temperature and high pressure formed by the cavitation of ultrasound can effectively eliminate the cluster of particles, improve the distribution of SiC particles, increase the interfacial wettability of the composites, and form MgAl2O4 and MgO on the particle surface, thereby ultimately improving the wear resistance of the composites. Because the particles in the melt are affected by the segregation effect of ultrasonic standing wave field, there exists an optimal value for the ...
In this study, we examine whether firms’ engagement in Investor Relations and Stakeholder Communi... more In this study, we examine whether firms’ engagement in Investor Relations and Stakeholder Communication (IRSC) activities reduce the cost of information asymmetry at the time of external financing. We also analyze the intermediary role of financing source (debt vs equity) and the existing level of firm transparency. Measures of IRSC initiatives are frequency of press releases, frequency of events (conferences and meetings, including industry gatherings as well as investment bank seminars), ratio of question and answer portion to the length of events, the average length of answer per question asked during events, and the frequency of slides used in event presentations. Sample includes 1,190 firms listed on S&P1500 index (small, medium, and large-cap firms on NYSE, AMEX, and NASDAQ stock exchanges) from 1999 to 2018. Multiple regression analyses (with robust standard errors) show that press frequency and the portion of question and answer in events have a significant and positive relationship with the cost of financing and event frequency and the average length of answers have a negative association with the cost of financing. Multivariate multiple regression analyses (seemingly unrelated regression models) are used to control for simultaneous effects of debt and equity issue and show that these findings are more pronounced for firms of lower transparency who are going to issue equity compared to firms of higher transparency who are going to issue debt.
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2018
Mechanical alloying (MA) was used to disperse 10 wt.% titanium powder in AA6061 powder. The resul... more Mechanical alloying (MA) was used to disperse 10 wt.% titanium powder in AA6061 powder. The resultant powder was degassed, and differential scanning calorimetry was performed to determine the temperature for formation of titanium aluminide (Al 3 Ti). The MA powder was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Subsequently, the MA powder was consolidated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 500°C under a pressure of 50 MPa. XRD and x-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy of spark plasma sintered compact revealed in situ formation of Al 3 Ti. TEM micrographs of spark plasma sintered sample exhibited Al nanograins (average size 50 nm) in the AA6061 matrix along with the dispersed Al 3 Ti (average size 200 nm). Hardness, yield strength and compressive strength of the SPSed samples were also evaluated and compared with AA6061. Keywords AA6061, intermetallic Al 3 Ti, mechanical alloying (MA), spark plasma sintering (SPS)
Currently, India is facing an energy crisis and lots of efforts are being put in order to reduce ... more Currently, India is facing an energy crisis and lots of efforts are being put in order to reduce this widening gap between energy demand and supply. One of the most cost effective ways of reducing this gap is by implementing Energy Efficiency (EE) projects. These projects have a very high potential in India as it is estimated that it can generate energy savings worth $ 730 million per year. But, this is not being utilised properly due to various hurdles. One of the major obstacles is financing of these EE projects. Most financial institutions are not familiar with the aspects of EE projects. Also, weak credit strength of Energy Service Company (ESCOs) and perceived lack of collateral or guarantees also hinder the implementation of such projects. Added to this, financial institutions lack the appraisal capacities required for these projects. In this paper, appraising of EE projects is discussed and the benefits of financing EE projects are highlighted. Also, the paper discusses certain schemes and policies that could be implemented in order to make these projects more attractive to the Financial Institutions. Five Basic methods of appraisal i.e. promoter appraisal, technical appraisal, financial appraisal, environmental appraisal and legal appraisal are necessary when it comes to EE projects. In addition, different perspectives of different stakeholders like Promoters, Lenders, Government, ESCOs, etc. are observed and understood in this paper. Also, the paper shall discuss in the detail about new financing mechanisms i.e. PRGF (Partial Risk Guarantee Fund) and VCF (Venture Capitalist Fund) and also along with ESCOs ability to benefit from these financing mechanisms.
Prior research treats CSR as a unitary construct. Using principal component analysis, we show tha... more Prior research treats CSR as a unitary construct. Using principal component analysis, we show that CSR activities can be divided into two types: Responsive (RCSR) that include initiatives that address specific concerns caused by firm activity and Adaptive (ACSR) that are initiatives that anticipate concerns before they arise. We find that Responsive motives are roughly three times more dominant than Adaptive motives. Larger firms, as well as older firms and more diversified firms invest more in Responsive CSR while younger firms and more focused firms tend to invest more in Adaptive CSR. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
The main objective of this project is to provide the multi sensor railway track geometry surveyin... more The main objective of this project is to provide the multi sensor railway track geometry surveying system. Railway crack status is monitored by the sensor and transfer through wireless modules. For easy surveying of the railway track and if the crack is detected is transferred with less delay time the information can be send to the respected authority. The real time monitoring of the railway track avoids the accident and derailing of the train.
Digital Twin is the modern way of prototyping. It is a new layer on top of an existing model, ext... more Digital Twin is the modern way of prototyping. It is a new layer on top of an existing model, extending the possibilities. This thesis work was carried out and developed at the research laboratory “LIAM LAB”. The main focus was to study the efficacy in developing a Digital Twin of an automatic machine in detail. It is a packaging machine (Technocoil 2200) from “SICA” using PRESPECTIVE, a Digital Twining software based on a game engine UNITY3D. Digital Twin tools and solutions are offered by many major companies, but these have the potential disadvantage of vendor lock-in. Although these brands claim to be open, their tools do not operate very well with third-party software. This makes many users to opt for openness which will help in integrating many features as per their requirement. Another main factor is providing high resolution simulations with an ability to solve complex physical problems which could be handled by Unity. The process of modelling a Digital Twin is studied exten...
Abstract: The first essay of this dissertation examines the time-series evolution and the cross-s... more Abstract: The first essay of this dissertation examines the time-series evolution and the cross-sectional variation of information asymmetry, as measured by the adverse selection cost of trading in the IPO aftermarket. We find that information asymmetry is lowest immediately ...
What is good for big business need not generally advance a country's overall economy. Big busines... more What is good for big business need not generally advance a country's overall economy. Big business turnover correlates with rising income, productivity, and (in high income countries) faster capital accumulation; consistent with Schumpeter's (1912) creative destruction and recent formalizations like Aghion and Howitt (1992). Turnover appears to "cause" growth; and disappearing behemoths, more than rising stars, drive our results. Stronger findings suggest more intense creative destruction in countries with higher incomes, as well as those with smaller governments, Common Law courts, smaller banking systems, stronger shareholder rights, and more open economies. Only the last matters more in lower income countries.
Family firms take different strategic actions because of their desire to grow and preserve socioe... more Family firms take different strategic actions because of their desire to grow and preserve socioemotional wealth (SEW), but pursuing SEW also generates what we call SEW resources that deliver advantages in certain contexts. We develop and test this idea with respect to corporate social responsibility (CSR). We theorize that SEW resources such as reputation, strong stakeholder relationships, and long-term orientation help family firms better leverage symbolic CSR to enhance short-term firm performance and better leverage substantive CSR to enhance long-term firm performance. Regression analyses on a 20-year panel of S& P 500 firms provide supportive evidence. Findings indicate that family firms not only “do it differently” to preserve SEW; they sometimes “do it better” because of SEW.
Flaming combustion is sub-classified into premixed and diffusion flames, the type of flames that ... more Flaming combustion is sub-classified into premixed and diffusion flames, the type of flames that are ubiquitous. From jet engines to rocket engines these types of flames are utilized to generate thrust for our vehicles. With careful observation and inference it can be clearly stated that in real time applications it’s a combination of these two flames in unison that is in work, rather than either one alone. Although innumerable work has been done in the past that concern the two types of flames individually very few research works exists that concerns the transition between these two regimes nor their combined effect on the efficiency of combustion. Current work is aimed at gaining fundamental knowledge of transition, by studying a few of the many factors that influence transition and their corresponding effects on the physical parameters. A butane cylinder fitted with nozzle containing 3 equidistant sets of 4 holes each that have an equal diameter for air entrainment is used for ca...
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, 2020
Vertical root fractures of endodontically treated teeth are an exasperating complication that oft... more Vertical root fractures of endodontically treated teeth are an exasperating complication that often leads to extraction of the tooth. Early detection and management of vertical root fractures, remain a vexing issue that has caused endless anguish for both the patient as well as the dental practitioner. Bicuspidization is a surgical procedure wherein the mesial and distal roots of primarily the mandibular molars are separated with their respective crown segments. This in turn helps the patient maintain effective oral hygiene by using an interdental brush, as it eliminates the presence of a furcation. This article elucidates the treatment procedure of a mandibular molar by biscuspidization.
In this work, SiCp/7085 composites with a volume fraction of 10% were fabricated by ultrasonic st... more In this work, SiCp/7085 composites with a volume fraction of 10% were fabricated by ultrasonic stirring casting. The evolution of the microstructure and wear properties of SiCp/7085 composites, as well as the mechanism of ultrasonic action in the process of preparation, when the ultrasonic treatments last for 0 min, 5 min, 10 min, and 15 min, respectively, were studied using the optical effects (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The experimental results show that the high temperature and high pressure formed by the cavitation of ultrasound can effectively eliminate the cluster of particles, improve the distribution of SiC particles, increase the interfacial wettability of the composites, and form MgAl2O4 and MgO on the particle surface, thereby ultimately improving the wear resistance of the composites. Because the particles in the melt are affected by the segregation effect of ultrasonic standing wave field, there exists an optimal value for the ...
In this study, we examine whether firms’ engagement in Investor Relations and Stakeholder Communi... more In this study, we examine whether firms’ engagement in Investor Relations and Stakeholder Communication (IRSC) activities reduce the cost of information asymmetry at the time of external financing. We also analyze the intermediary role of financing source (debt vs equity) and the existing level of firm transparency. Measures of IRSC initiatives are frequency of press releases, frequency of events (conferences and meetings, including industry gatherings as well as investment bank seminars), ratio of question and answer portion to the length of events, the average length of answer per question asked during events, and the frequency of slides used in event presentations. Sample includes 1,190 firms listed on S&P1500 index (small, medium, and large-cap firms on NYSE, AMEX, and NASDAQ stock exchanges) from 1999 to 2018. Multiple regression analyses (with robust standard errors) show that press frequency and the portion of question and answer in events have a significant and positive relationship with the cost of financing and event frequency and the average length of answers have a negative association with the cost of financing. Multivariate multiple regression analyses (seemingly unrelated regression models) are used to control for simultaneous effects of debt and equity issue and show that these findings are more pronounced for firms of lower transparency who are going to issue equity compared to firms of higher transparency who are going to issue debt.
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2018
Mechanical alloying (MA) was used to disperse 10 wt.% titanium powder in AA6061 powder. The resul... more Mechanical alloying (MA) was used to disperse 10 wt.% titanium powder in AA6061 powder. The resultant powder was degassed, and differential scanning calorimetry was performed to determine the temperature for formation of titanium aluminide (Al 3 Ti). The MA powder was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Subsequently, the MA powder was consolidated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 500°C under a pressure of 50 MPa. XRD and x-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy of spark plasma sintered compact revealed in situ formation of Al 3 Ti. TEM micrographs of spark plasma sintered sample exhibited Al nanograins (average size 50 nm) in the AA6061 matrix along with the dispersed Al 3 Ti (average size 200 nm). Hardness, yield strength and compressive strength of the SPSed samples were also evaluated and compared with AA6061. Keywords AA6061, intermetallic Al 3 Ti, mechanical alloying (MA), spark plasma sintering (SPS)
Currently, India is facing an energy crisis and lots of efforts are being put in order to reduce ... more Currently, India is facing an energy crisis and lots of efforts are being put in order to reduce this widening gap between energy demand and supply. One of the most cost effective ways of reducing this gap is by implementing Energy Efficiency (EE) projects. These projects have a very high potential in India as it is estimated that it can generate energy savings worth $ 730 million per year. But, this is not being utilised properly due to various hurdles. One of the major obstacles is financing of these EE projects. Most financial institutions are not familiar with the aspects of EE projects. Also, weak credit strength of Energy Service Company (ESCOs) and perceived lack of collateral or guarantees also hinder the implementation of such projects. Added to this, financial institutions lack the appraisal capacities required for these projects. In this paper, appraising of EE projects is discussed and the benefits of financing EE projects are highlighted. Also, the paper discusses certain schemes and policies that could be implemented in order to make these projects more attractive to the Financial Institutions. Five Basic methods of appraisal i.e. promoter appraisal, technical appraisal, financial appraisal, environmental appraisal and legal appraisal are necessary when it comes to EE projects. In addition, different perspectives of different stakeholders like Promoters, Lenders, Government, ESCOs, etc. are observed and understood in this paper. Also, the paper shall discuss in the detail about new financing mechanisms i.e. PRGF (Partial Risk Guarantee Fund) and VCF (Venture Capitalist Fund) and also along with ESCOs ability to benefit from these financing mechanisms.
Prior research treats CSR as a unitary construct. Using principal component analysis, we show tha... more Prior research treats CSR as a unitary construct. Using principal component analysis, we show that CSR activities can be divided into two types: Responsive (RCSR) that include initiatives that address specific concerns caused by firm activity and Adaptive (ACSR) that are initiatives that anticipate concerns before they arise. We find that Responsive motives are roughly three times more dominant than Adaptive motives. Larger firms, as well as older firms and more diversified firms invest more in Responsive CSR while younger firms and more focused firms tend to invest more in Adaptive CSR. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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Papers by Rahul Ravi