Papers by Rachappa Mallikarjuna
Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences
Localized gingival nodule may be a clinical sign of a pathologic process of the gingiva. These ma... more Localized gingival nodule may be a clinical sign of a pathologic process of the gingiva. These may be a normal variation or a simple reactive lesion to metastatic tumor to the gingiva. Retrocuspid papilla is one such structure, occurs as a small round to oval soft nodule represents an anatomic variation. The aim of the present study was to assess and compare prevalence of retrocuspid papillae (RCP) in school children of Vadodara city. The present study was conducted by the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, India. A total of 1320 school children categorized into group A consisted of 1020 preschool children aged between 3 to 5 years and group B consisting of 300 school children aged between 7 to 9 years of Vadodara city were taken for the study. Sixty seven (67%) of children in group A showed the presence of retrocuspid papillae and in group B only 30 % children recorded the presence of retrocuspid papillae. Bilateral pr...
BMJ case reports, Jan 2, 2014
Radicular cysts are inflammatory odontogenic cysts of tooth bearing areas of the jaws. Most of th... more Radicular cysts are inflammatory odontogenic cysts of tooth bearing areas of the jaws. Most of these lesions involve the apex of offending tooth and appear as well-defined radiolucencies. Owing to its clinical characteristics similar to other more commonly occurring lesions in the oral cavity, differential diagnosis should include dentigerous cyst, ameloblastoma, odontogenic keratocyst, periapical cementoma and Pindborg tumour. The present case report documents a massive radicular cyst crossing the midline of the palate. Based on clinical, radiographical and histopathological findings, the present case was diagnosed as an infected radicular cyst. The clinical characteristics of this cyst could be considered as an interesting and unusual due to its giant nature. The lesion was surgically enucleated along with the extraction of the associated tooth; preservation of all other teeth and vital structures, without any postoperative complications and satisfactory healing, was achieved.
BMJ Case Reports, 2012
Foreign bodies are commonly found in the oral cavity 1 of children and are discovered by dentist ... more Foreign bodies are commonly found in the oral cavity 1 of children and are discovered by dentist during the routine examination. 2 An 11-year-old boy with parent reported with a rare chief complaint of a metal ring getting stuck on to the tooth from past 5 days. On interviewing the child and parent it was revealed that the child was playing with the metal ring and during the play unknowingly the child had put the ring into the mouth and the ring got stuck. The parent tried to remove the ring but without success. The parent was a motor garage owner and it was confirmed that the source of the metal ring was from the motor garage.
A 14-year-old Indian girl presented with difficulty in mouth opening and burning sensation while ... more A 14-year-old Indian girl presented with difficulty in mouth opening and burning sensation while eating. On examination, blanching of the oral mucosa with diffuse white pigmented lesion of size 3.5 to 2 cm along with melanotic pigmentation was seen on the left buccal mucosa posteriorly. The patient was diagnosed with oral submucous fibrosis. A comprehensive treatment plan was made based on conservative management that included motivation and intense counselling of the patient and her parents so that she quits the habit of chewing areca nut and tobacco, along with systemic treatment of vitamin B complex supplements, antioxidants, multivitamins and oral physiotherapy. We present this case to highlight the difficulties faced by the clinical practitioners in providing treatment because of the taboos and myths associated with surgical treatment modality in rural population as well as to emphasise the menace of increasing consumption and availability of tobacco and areca nut to children.
International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 2013
The eye is a vital organ for vision and an important component of facial expression. Loss of an e... more The eye is a vital organ for vision and an important component of facial expression. Loss of an eye has a crippling effect physically and psychologically. Especially, in case of a child where it affects the parent too and the approach toward these special children needs to be very special indeed. The construction of an ocular prosthesis for a child is the same as for an adult. A growing child will require periodic enlargement of the prosthesis in order to accompany the expansion of the anophthalmic cavity and it is the only way to esthetically rebuild the anophthalmic socket. Although implant eye prosthesis has superior outcome, due to economic factors it may not be advisable in all patients. Therefore, an acrylic custom-made ocular prosthesis replacement as soon as possible is a good alternative to promote physical and psychological healing for the patient and to improve social acceptance. A case of a custom fabricated ocular acrylic prosthesis using the advantages of digital photography is presented here, which had acceptable fit, retention and improved esthetics with a certain degree of motility in coordination with the contralateral normal eye.
Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, 2012
This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate and compare the micro-hardness of composite resin a... more This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate and compare the micro-hardness of composite resin and resin-modified glass ionomer cement using light-emitting diode (LED) and halogen curing and also to inter-compare the effect of LED and halogen curing. The study sample comprised of 4 stainless steel plates with a thickness of 2 mm. For these stainless steel plates, holes were made to a diameter of 3 mm. The samples were divided into 4 groups of 8 each and labeled as group I, group II, group III, group IV, thus making provision for the two different modes of light exposure. In each group, the hole was restored with its respective restorative material and cured with light-curing unit according to manufacturer instructions. The results were statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney test. It was concluded that the curing efficacy of the LED lamp was comparable to that of conventional halogen lamp, even with a 50% reduction in cure time, and resin composite (Filtek Z-250) presented the highest hardness values, whereas complete hardening of resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) (Vitremer) was observed because of its self-curing system even after the removal of light source.
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry, 2010
Pyogenic granulomas and hemangiomas of oral cavity are well-known benign lesions. Although pyogen... more Pyogenic granulomas and hemangiomas of oral cavity are well-known benign lesions. Although pyogenic granuloma is known to show a striking predilection for the gingiva and capillary hemangioma for lips, check, and tongue, palatal occurrence of these lesions is extremely rare. The clinical diagnosis of such an uncommon occurrence can be quite challenging as they sometimes may mimic more serious lesions such as malignancies. The purpose of this article is to report an unusual case of benign tumor occurring on hard palate which was clinically diagnosed as pyogenic granuloma and histopathologically as capillary hemangioma.
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 2016
The aim of this study was to assess the existing knowledge, attitude, and practices of &a... more The aim of this study was to assess the existing knowledge, attitude, and practices of "oral health care" in the prevention of early childhood caries (ECCs) among parents of children in Belagavi city. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, KLE VK Institute of Dental Sciences, Belagavi, Karnataka. Institutional Ethical Clearance was obtained. The study was conducted during the month of April 2014 to October 2014 after taking prior informed consent from the 218 parents. Inclusion criteria were parents getting their children treated for dental caries and who were willing to participate. Parents who could not read and write were excluded from the study. The self-administered, close-ended questionnaire was written in English. It was then translated in local languages, i.e. Kannada and Marathi, and a pilot study was conducted on 10 parents to check for its feasibility and any changes if required were done. The response rate was 100% as all 218 parents completed the questionnaire. Of 218 parents, 116 were mothers and 102 were fathers. The overall mean knowledge score was 69.5%. The overall mean attitude score was 53.5%. The overall attitude toward prevention of ECC was not in accordance to knowledge. The overall mean of "good" practices and "bad" practices score was 33.5% and 18.5%, respectively. Good knowledge and attitude toward oral health do not necessarily produce good practices.
BMJ Case Reports, 2015
In recent times, as a result of extensive drinking water fluoridation, the number of patients aff... more In recent times, as a result of extensive drinking water fluoridation, the number of patients affected by fluorosis has increased considerably. The purpose of this clinical report is to describe the use of enamel microabrasion for a patient with severe fluorosis using 37% phosphoric acid and pumice mixture. The results were pleasing, and hence 37% phosphoric acid can be recommended as a safe and easily available alternative in microabrasion procedures.
BMJ case reports, Jan 29, 2014
A 14-year-old Indian girl presented with difficulty in mouth opening and burning sensation while ... more A 14-year-old Indian girl presented with difficulty in mouth opening and burning sensation while eating. On examination, blanching of the oral mucosa with diffuse white pigmented lesion of size 3.5 to 2 cm along with melanotic pigmentation was seen on the left buccal mucosa posteriorly. The patient was diagnosed with oral submucous fibrosis. A comprehensive treatment plan was made based on conservative management that included motivation and intense counselling of the patient and her parents so that she quits the habit of chewing areca nut and tobacco, along with systemic treatment of vitamin B complex supplements, antioxidants, multivitamins and oral physiotherapy. We present this case to highlight the difficulties faced by the clinical practitioners in providing treatment because of the taboos and myths associated with surgical treatment modality in rural population as well as to emphasise the menace of increasing consumption and availability of tobacco and areca nut to children.
BMJ Case Reports, 2013
Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a well-known localised granulation tissue overgrowth. It remains an ae... more Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a well-known localised granulation tissue overgrowth. It remains an aetiopathological enigma, with trauma, inflammatory and infectious agents being the suspected causative factors. It is a relatively common benign mucocutaneous lesion occurring intraorally or extraorally and is more common in women in the second decade of their lives than in men. Although it is a common lesion it may present with varying clinical features that sometimes may mimic more serious lesions such as malignancies. The clinical diagnosis of such lesion can be quite challenging. This case report drives attention towards the uncommon location of PG of lobular capillary haemangioma type occurring on anterior palate. Surgical excision of the lesion was planned because of the discomfort attributed to large size of the lesion and hindrance in mastication.
BMJ Case Reports, 2013
Keratocystic odontogenic tumours are known for their peculiar behaviour, varied origin, debated d... more Keratocystic odontogenic tumours are known for their peculiar behaviour, varied origin, debated development, unique tendency to recur and disputed treatment modalities. Thus, it has been the subject of much research over the last 40 years. It was formerly known as odontogenic keratocyst (OKC). OKC received its new title as keratocystic odontogenic tumour (KCOT) by the WHO (2005) in order to suggest its aggressive and recurrent nature. KCOT is a benign intraosseous neoplasm of the jaw. Involvement of the maxillary sinus is an unusual presentation. We present the case of an 11-year-old child with extensive KCOT and an impacted canine in the right maxillary sinus. The cyst was initially misdiagnosed to be a dentigerous cyst based on the clinical and radiographic features though a differential diagnosis of KCOT and adenomatoid odontogenic tumour was made. The histological examination of the specimen finally confirmed it to be a KCOT. The clinical, radiological and histological features of this tumour along with its surgical management have been discussed.
BMJ Case Reports, 2013
Thorough knowledge of root canal morphology and unusual anatomy of the tooth is critical for succ... more Thorough knowledge of root canal morphology and unusual anatomy of the tooth is critical for successful endodontic treatment. Although the most common configuration is two roots and three root canals, mandibular molars might have many different combinations. In the literature, it is less described about three mesial canals and two distal canals in mandibular second molars, indicating a rare anatomical configuration. A case of unusual root canal morphology is presented to demonstrate anatomical variations in mandibular molars. Endodontic therapy was performed in a mandibular second molar with five separate canals, three mesial and two distal. This report points out the importance of looking for additional canals and unusual canal morphology, because knowledge of their existence might occasionally enable clinicians to treat a case successfully that otherwise might have ended in failure. In conclusion, every attempt should be made to find and treat all root canals of a tooth.
A 4-year-old boy reported food lodgement and pain in the lower left back tooth region. On examina... more A 4-year-old boy reported food lodgement and pain in the lower left back tooth region. On examination, a deeply carious tooth with food lodgement was seen. On oral examination, numbers of teeth were found to be carious and required restorations and endodontic treatments according to radiographic evaluation. Radiograph of mandibular left first deciduous molar revealed an unusual morphology of root. It was single-rooted and presented with Vertucci's class I canal. The tooth was treated by pulpectomy followed by a stainless steel crown. All other carious teeth were treated as planned.
Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) represent one of the most common oral health problems in children... more Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) represent one of the most common oral health problems in children and adolescents. Dental trauma requires a special consideration when it accompanies soft tissue lacerations. Tooth fragments occasionally penetrate into soft tissues and may cause severe complications. This article describes the case of a 12-year-old girl with a fractured tooth fragment embedded in the lower lip for 4 months, which went unnoticed at her primary health centre. This report highlights the importance of proper radiographic diagnosis along with clinical examination after trauma in order to prevent any future complications.
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Papers by Rachappa Mallikarjuna