Papers by Professor Ishaya Dagwa
Surface Review and Letters, Apr 28, 2023
Metal matrix composite imparts several advantages over alloys. The MMCs exhibit improved properti... more Metal matrix composite imparts several advantages over alloys. The MMCs exhibit improved properties compared with monolithic alloy. They are particularly suited for applications that require higher strength, dimensional stability and enhanced structural rigidity. Aluminium composite materials are engineered materials made from at least two or more constituent materials having different physical or chemical properties. In this work Seventeen turning experiments were conducted using response surface methodology. The machining parameters cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut are varied with respect to different machining conditions for each run. The optimal parameters were predicted by grey relational analysis technique. The optimum process parameter predicted from RSM techniques is cutting speed 250m/min, feed rate 0.06mm and depth of cut 1.5mm are found.
Some physical and mechanical properties of palm kernel shell (PKS)
Botswana Journal of Technology, Mar 2, 2010
In this study, some of the mechanical and physical properties of palm kernel shells (PKS) were ev... more In this study, some of the mechanical and physical properties of palm kernel shells (PKS) were evaluated. These are moisture content, 7.8325 ± 0.6672%; true density, 1.254 ± 5.292 x 10-3 g/cm3; bulk density, 1.1248g/cm3; mean rupture force along width, and thickness were 3174.52 ± 270.70N and 2806.94 ± 498.45N for small size PKS respectively. While the mean rupture force along width and thickness for big size PKS were 3884.61± 878.16N and 3270.59 ± 1083.53N respectively. Apparent porosity is 10.98%. Water absorption capacity 19.85 ± 2.065%; thickness swell in water 3.54%; oil absorption capacity 6.845 ± 0.175%; thickness swell in oil 2.33%. The data base generated from this experiment could be used in new areas of PKS applications. Keywords: Palm Kernel Shell, Physical Properties, Mechanical Properties
Journal of King Saud University: Engineering Sciences, 2018
In this work, the effect of adding pumice powder to recycled beverage cans as reinforcement from ... more In this work, the effect of adding pumice powder to recycled beverage cans as reinforcement from 2 to 8 wt% in steps of 2 wt% was investigated. Manual stir casting technique was employed. Some mechanical (rockwell hardness, impact strength, tensile strength) and physical (density) properties were determined using standard methods. At 8 wt% pumice addition, an increment of 11.08% and 28.39% on hardness and tensile strength, respectively of the unreinforced recycled beverage can were recorded. However, the impact strength was reduced by 24.24%. The density was reduced by 39.51% compared to the unreinforced recycled aluminum. This composite material would find relevant applications in the development of light weight materials.
Arid Zone Journal of Engineering, Technology and Environment, Mar 1, 2021
Introduction The performance and efficiency of industrial production system depends to a great ex... more Introduction The performance and efficiency of industrial production system depends to a great extent on the quality of machineries, employees, as well as how facilities are positioned in a plant. Poorly designed facility, therefore, may result in loss in production time, efficiency and wastage of raw materials, while a well-designed production facility improves on the efficiency of production with fewer costs and time wastage (Tak and Yadav, 2012). Among the main goal of manufacturing system is to maximize productivity with regards to the complexity of the processes involved in manufacturing from raw materials to finished products and workstations (Carlo et al., 2013). Agricultural products are processed to among other things improve the shelf-life of the produce and acceptability for final consumption as food or ingredients for industrial production. The output of processing result is varieties of by-products. Vegetables such as onions, tomatoes and pepper are the major vegetables produced in Nigeria, and they play a significant role in health and nutrition due to their constituents that regulate digestion. Onions are processed to produce dehydrated onions, onions powder and puree. Despite the enormous economic potentials of onions, the processing of onions for national growth and development has little to no existence in Nigeria Ibeawuchi et al. (2015). According to Ugonna et al. (2017), Nigeria's vegetable processing industries need to be developed to reduce postharvest losses and enhance food nutrition security. The establishment of these industries will boost the nation's economy thereby creating employment, wealth, reduced rate of malnutrition and increased standards of living for the rural populace. According to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Statistics FAO (2019) it estimated that Nigeria's tomatoes production is around 4.5 tons/ha with annual production of 3.8 million tonnes, while onions production is around 2.3tons/ha, with annual production of 1.3 million tonnes in the year 2019. Despite the huge contributions of agriculture (vegetables) to Nigeria's economic growth, about 50% of fruits and vegetables produced are lost as a result of their perishable nature, poor postharvest handling and mismanagement leading to a staggering 360 million USD losses annually ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine an effective design for the processing of dehydrated tomatoes. The study proffer solutions to huge losses Nigeria encounters as a result of poor postharvest handling across the fruits and vegetables value chain. Despite the huge contributions of agriculture (vegetables) to Nigeria's economic growth, postharvest losses stands at $9 million with 50% losses in fruits and vegetables as a result of their perishable nature. Systematic layout planning (SLP) approach was used in designing the process layout for dehydrated tomatoes. The design approach was used to serve as an improvement layout and also as a new design for processing of dehydrated tomato plant, with estimated 5% material losses during processing, average temperature for dehydration as 65 o C, plant production time of 748.99 minutes/day, a throughput capacity of 10 tons/day is achievable. Additionally, the design was validated using computer simulation and the results obtained from the simulation analysis indicated that the method can be used to optimize process planning for several production processes of dehydrated fruit and vegetables
The Journal of Engineering Research, 2017
In this work, the effect of Shielded Metal Arc (SMA) welding electrodes on mechanical and corrosi... more In this work, the effect of Shielded Metal Arc (SMA) welding electrodes on mechanical and corrosion oflow carbon steel joint was investigated. Commonly used electrodes types (Sample A: J-Wheel; B:Oerlikon and C: J-Danish) by local welders and fabricators were selected. Welded samples wereprepared into standard test samples for hardness, impact and tensile tests. Subsequently, standardfacilities were used to determine the mechanical properties. The welded low carbon steel joint of thesesamples were immersed in test media (2.81 % NaCl solution) for some exposure period of time (504hours), and their weights were taken at intervals of 72 hours to evaluate their weight loss and corrosionrate. The outcomes of mechanical properties evaluated were in the order: (Control>B>C>A) in terms ofultimate tensile strength, percent elongation and the hardness at 24 hrs were in the order of (Control>A=B=C) and (C>B> Control>A) respectively. While and hardness at 504 hours was (C&g...
Nigerian Journal of Technology, 2017
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of metal inert gas (MIG) welding p... more The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of metal inert gas (MIG) welding parameters on the mechanical properties (hardness, tensile and impact) of type 304 austenitic stainless steel (ASS) immersed in 0.5M hydrochloric acid at ambient temperature. The MIG welding was applied to 3mm thick ASS. The dimensions of the samples were 50mm x 15mm x 3mm and 120mm x 15mm x 3mm rectangular bars each for impact, hardness and tensile tests and for immersion in the medium. Design Expert Software, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Rockwell Hardness Test, Monsanto Tensometer and Izod Impact Test were used to determine the interactions of parameters, microstructural analysis and optimal performances of the parameters respectively. Experimental results indicate that tensile strength increased with increase in welding parameters from 120MN/m2 to 133MN/m2 at speed of 40cm/min and current of 110. when the properties are compared with varying weld parameters adopted in joint’s ...
Nigerian Journal of Technology, 2021
There are many plant extracts that have been studied for possible use as corrosion inhibitors in ... more There are many plant extracts that have been studied for possible use as corrosion inhibitors in the oil and gas industries. Hence, this work is focused on optimization of blended Guava and Fluted Pumpkin Leaves extract as corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in HCI using Weight loss method. Response Surface Methodology of Design Expert trial version 12 StatEase was used to design and analyze the result of the 35-run experiments. Three factor-three level was adopted in the design. Time, Temperature and Inhibitor Quantity were the independent variables, while the acid concentration of 0.5M was constant throughout the experiments and Inhibition Efficiencies were measured using IE formula. Intervals of 1 hr, 0.2g, and 10°C were chosen for the immersion time, inhibitor quantity and temperature, respectively. Phytochemical analysis carried out on the Guava and Fluted Pumpkin Leaves shows that each leaf extract contains phytochemicals which are responsible for inhibiting corrosion. Weight lo...
Development of a partially automated electric injera baking stove with improved efficiency and production rate
MATERIALS, MECHANICS & MODELING (NCMMM-2020), 2021
Many attempts have been made to improve the overall efficiency as well as working conditions of I... more Many attempts have been made to improve the overall efficiency as well as working conditions of Injera baking stoves at different instances. In this article, a mechanism to partially automate electric Injera baking stove was introduced aiming to increase the efficiency and production rate of Injera baking. The mechanism involves a link and pulley system that generates a spiral motion. The mechanism was manufactured and assembled to a hose system connected to a batter reservoir that allows the flow of Injera batter forming the ideal disc shaped Injera on a baking pan upon five complete rotations. A thermostat was incorporated to reduce energy loss due to baking pan overheating. The mean efficiencies of the conventional and the developed Injera baking stove were found to be 57.46% with a standard deviation value of 5.52 and 87.38% with a standard deviation value of 8.21 respectively. About 30 % efficiency increase was observed. While the production rate was improved by 6.12% as compared to the conventional backing stove.
Analysis of Corrosion Behaviour of Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Immersed in Aqueous Alkaline Medium
British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 2016
Rubber Scrap as Reinforced Material in the Production of Environmentally Friendly Brake Lining
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2016
Abstract Formulated brake linings were produced using rubber scrap as reinforced material as a re... more Abstract Formulated brake linings were produced using rubber scrap as reinforced material as a replacement for asbestos material. Taguchi method was used to investigate the optimal manufacturing parameters (molding pressure, melting temperature, and curing time). Impact strength, hardness test, tensile strength, corrosion rate, oil and water absorption, and co-efficient of friction wear rate were selected as responses. The thermal behavior of formulated brake lining using the optimal manufacturing parameters of wear rate was investigated. It was observed that the sample degraded between 149.9 and 478.4 °C, with a peak degradation at temperature at 394.8 °C.
Physico-mechanical and micro-structural analysis of chicken feather particles reinforced rubber seed oil based polyurethane composites
World Journal of Engineering, 2013
Chicken feather particles reinforced rubber seed oil based polyurethane composites were produced ... more Chicken feather particles reinforced rubber seed oil based polyurethane composites were produced and the physico-mechanical and microstructural analyses were studied. Casting method was used to produce the composites with varied weights of Chicken feather particles from 5 to 25wt% in steps of 5 wt%. The composites produced were analyzed for hardness, impact strength, tensile strength, density and water absorption properties according to ASTM standards. The density and impact strength were observed to decrease with increase in percentage weight of the chicken feather particles and this was attributed to the fact that the feathers have lower density than RSO-Polyurethane. Tensile strength and hardness of the composites were found to decrease at the intial stage (0 to 10 wt%) and later started to increase with percentage increase(15 to 25 wt%) of reinforment added. The microstructure reveals that there was a reasonable uniform distribution and bonding of chicken feather particles in th...
Results in Physics, 2012
The microstructures and properties of Al-Si-Fe alloy matrix composites reinforced with different ... more The microstructures and properties of Al-Si-Fe alloy matrix composites reinforced with different weight fractions of breadfruit seed hull (husk) ash particles of size 500 nm were investigated. Six (6) different weight fractions of breadfruit seed hull ash particles were added to aluminium alloy matrix using a double stir-casting method. Microstructural analysis shows that with the increase of the reinforcement weight fraction, the matrix grain size decreases. The mechanical properties of the composites are improved over the matrix materials, except for the slightly decrease of the impact energy. Fracture surface examination indicates that there is a good interfacial bonding between the aluminium alloy matrix and the breadfruit seed hull ash particles and that fracture initiation does not occur at the particle-matrix interface. Hence, incorporation of breadfruit seed hull ash particles in aluminium matrix can lead to the production of low cost aluminium composites with improved hardness and strength. These composites can find applications in automotive components where light weight materials are required with good stiffness and strength.
Effects of electrode type on the mechanical properties of weldments of some steel samples produced in Nigeria
World Journal of Engineering, 2014
The effects of electrode types on the mechanical properties of weldments produced from three stee... more The effects of electrode types on the mechanical properties of weldments produced from three steel samples made locally in Nigeria have been investigated. Oerlikon, Santan, Power Master and Magnum electrode samples were separately used to join Homus, Universal and Spanish steel samples. The chemical compositions of the steel samples, electrodes core and coating were obtained using spectrometer before using them for the research. Mechanical properties of the weldment produced were determined and compared to the unwelded samples. This was done in order to provide information on which combination of steel and electrode type will produce weldment with optimum mechanical properties. Oerlikon electrode produces weldments with optimum tensile strength of 508.25 N/mm2 and impact energy of 152.76J for Homus Steel, it also produced highest tensile strength of 449.92 N/mm2 and impact energy of 103.042J for Spanish Steels while Power Master Electrode produced weldment with highest tensile stren...
Scoping Review of Predisposing Factors Associated with Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Sickle Cell Disease
West African journal of medicine, Feb 28, 2023
Purpose: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetically inherited red blood cell disorder that affect... more Purpose: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetically inherited red blood cell disorder that affects people all over the world but is more common among blacks of African ancestry than other races. The condition is linked to sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). This scoping review aims to evaluate studies that reported SNHL in SCD patients and to identify demographic and contextual risk factors for SNHL in SCD patients. Methods: We conducted scoping searches for relevant studies in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. All articles were evaluated independently by two authors. The checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was used. SNHL was detected at hearing levels above 20 decibels. Results: In terms of methodology, the studies reviewed were diverse, with 15 being prospective and four being retrospective. Fourteen of the 19 articles chosen from 18,937 search engine results were case-control studies. Sex, age, foetal haemoglobin (HbF), SCD type, painful vaso-occlusive crisis (PVO), blood parameters, flow-mediated vasodilation (FMV), and hydroxyurea use were all extracted. Few studies investigated SNHL risk factors with noticeable knowledge gaps. Age, PVO, and certain blood parameters appear to predispose to SNHL, whereas decreased FMV, the presence of HbF, and the use of hydroxyurea appear to have an inverse relationship with the development of SNHL in SCD. Conclusion: There is a clear gap in the existing literature regarding the knowledge of demographic and contextual risk factors that is required for the prevention and management of SNHL in SCD.
Potential of rare-earth compounds as anticorrosion pigment for protection of aerospace AA2198-T851 alloy
Heliyon
Effectiveness of Strontium Zinc Phosphosilicate on the Corrosion Protection of Aa2198-T851 Aluminium Alloy in Sodium Chloride Solution
SSRN Electronic Journal
The Influence of Arc Welding Process on the Mechanical and Microstructural Characteristics of Low Carbon Steel in a Corrosive Environment
Macromolecular Symposia
As the global population surges, the demand for food increases and meeting these demands requires... more As the global population surges, the demand for food increases and meeting these demands requires new approach as traditional practices cannot be sustainable and efficient. Nigeria also faces these challenges, with a population of 180 million people making available and cost effective food is never and easy task. The evolution of digital technologies and their integration to Agriculture will give way for increased economic growth and development to the Agricultural sector in Nigeria. Industry 4.0 is a new approach to digitalization and developing intelligent manufacturing processes over and entire value chain of products with increased customization and individualization. This study reviewed some of the key challenges the Nigerian Agricultural sector faces along the agricultural value/supply chains to pave way for the successful implementation of industry 4.0 to some key areas of the sector
Physical and Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Adansonia Digitata-Glass Fibres and Ceramic Hybrid Epoxy Composite
Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021
Abstract This study is geared towards evaluating the physico-thermal and mechanical properties of... more Abstract This study is geared towards evaluating the physico-thermal and mechanical properties of fibreglass-ceramic-adansonia digitata’s fibres reinforced epoxy composite with relatively fire-resistant behaviour to validate its effectiveness in most applications. The composite was developed with the aid of a seamless manual hand lay-up technique. The Adansonia digitata fibre and the constituent matrix ratio were thoroughly mixed to obtain a homogenous paste which was then allowed to cure using the compressive moulding machine for 7 min. Different volumetric compositions were obtained using the Taguchi L9 (3)3 orthogonal array method for the experimental design. Physico-mechanical analyses were carried out on the developed composite. The Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were done to determine the thermal stability and morphological characteristics of the composite respectively. It was evident from the experiment that the developed composites possessed better mechanical and thermal properties with good performance than the control sample, which can serve as a superior alternative for conventional fibres as both for fire resistance and other engineering applications.
Development of a Computer Aided Beam Deflection Analysis (CABDA) Program for Simply Supported Loaded Beams
International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa, 2017
Beam-like members such as shafts, levers, frame components, beam structures, etc. are regularly d... more Beam-like members such as shafts, levers, frame components, beam structures, etc. are regularly designed and constructed in the field of mechanical and civil engineering. It is pertinent to know the structural integrity of the design before construction or fabrication. Beam deflection and stress calculations can be cumbersome and results from commercial simulation packages are not devoid of truncation and/or round-off errors because they are based on numerical schemes. To reduce or eliminate these issues, a computational tool, CABDA, has been designed and developed on matlab. The algorithm is based on analytic equations of beam deflection and bending stress theories; a design flow chart and graphic user interface were done to implement the algorithm. Experiments and simulations have been carried out for steel and brass rectangular beams which were compared with results obtained from CABDA for the same beam model. Average deflection errors recorded for steel beam are-0.4 and-0.015; for brass beam are-0.69 and-0.1 for experiment and simulation respectively. Average bending stress error recorded is-0.19 for simulation. It is observable that simulation results compare closely but CABDA gives exact results and therefore is very appropriate for simple beam problems.
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Papers by Professor Ishaya Dagwa