Papers by dewi Prawiradilaga
Ibis
We describe a new species of Zosterops white‐eye, which is restricted to Wangi‐wangi, a single is... more We describe a new species of Zosterops white‐eye, which is restricted to Wangi‐wangi, a single island of roughly 155 km2 in the Wakatobi Archipelago, Indonesia. Informally known as the Wangi‐wangi White‐eye, the new species is highly distinct both morphologically and genetically. It is considerably larger in body and bill size compared with other regional Zosterops species. The Wangi‐wangi White‐eye remains locally common but its habitat is dwindling. Given its minute area of occupancy and the threat from the bird trade, we recommend the IUCN status Endangered.
Crescent-chested Babbler is endemic to the island of Java and Bali, Indonesia and protected by th... more Crescent-chested Babbler is endemic to the island of Java and Bali, Indonesia and protected by the Indonesian Government Regulation No. 7/ 1999. Its population is suspected to be declining due to ongoing habitat destruction and fragmentation. Information on its eco-biology is very poorly known. There is a need to obtain the information in order to conserve this species and its habitat. Morphometric and molt stages were recorded from 23 individuals captured by mist-nets between February and April 2016. There were variations in morphometric measurement in weight, head bill length, wing length and tail length in Cisarua Forest habitat, but no significant difference was found (F2.19 = 0.822, P> 0.05) in body weight among the three different habitats. This habitat has sufficient resource for Crescent-crested Babbler for molt activity during the study.
Tesso Nilo area which is located at Riau province covers an area of 188.00 ha. Recently, it is fa... more Tesso Nilo area which is located at Riau province covers an area of 188.00 ha. Recently, it is famous because of a sharply increased in encroachment activities for forest conversion, especially for oil palm plantations and village sites. It was conducted in logged forest around Segati river, Toro river, Mamahan river and Sawan river in June 2003. The results showed that the area had the high richness of plant species which was indicated by the high value of Mennhenick index. Records from the 1 ha studied plot identified a total of 360 species included 165 genera and 57 families with 215 tree species 305 sapling species. Some important tree species which were included in the Red List of IUCN were ‘gaharu’ (Aquilaria malaccensis), ‘ramin’ (Gonystylus bancanus), Shorea spp. and Dipterocarpus spp. The local community utilized 83 species of medicinal plants and 4 species of toxic plants for fishing. The total number of recorded bird species was 114 species represented 29% of the ...
Biodiversity and Conservation, 2020
Birds react differently to adapt to land-use changes. One of the reactions is the formation of fa... more Birds react differently to adapt to land-use changes. One of the reactions is the formation of fault bars, which is a malformation during feather growth. Fault bars in birds’ feathers may be used as indicator of environmental quality. This study examines the occurrence of fault bars in four different land uses in Jambi Province, Sumatra: secondary forest, jungle rubber, rubber plantation and oil palm plantation. Mistnetting was conducted during April-June 2014 in regions near to the Harapan Rainforest Landscape and the Bukit Duabelas National Park. A total of 90 and 145 birds were caught and examined for fault bars in Harapan Rainforest Landscape and Bukit Duabelas National Park Landscape, respectively. In the Harapan Rainforest Landscape, the highest occurrence of fault bars (score 3) was found in the secondary forest (53.5%) and oil palm (50%), whereas in Bukit Duabelas National Park Landscape, the highest occurrence of fault bars (score 3) was found in rubber plantation (43.8%) a...
PeerJ, 2020
Background Automated sound recorders are a popular sampling tool in ecology. However, the microph... more Background Automated sound recorders are a popular sampling tool in ecology. However, the microphones themselves received little attention so far, and specifications that determine the recordings’ sound quality are seldom mentioned. Here, we demonstrate the importance of microphone signal-to-noise ratio for sampling sonant animals. Methods We tested 12 different microphone models in the field and measured their signal-to-noise ratios and detection ranges. We also measured the vocalisation activity of birds and bats that they recorded, the bird species richness, the bat call types richness, as well as the performance of automated detection of bird and bat calls. We tested the relationship of each one of these measures with signal-to-noise ratio in statistical models. Results Microphone signal-to-noise ratio positively affects the sound detection space areas, which increased by a factor of 1.7 for audible sound, and 10 for ultrasound, from the lowest to the highest signal-to-noise rat...
Science, 2020
Finding new speciesThousands of species have been described, and, although most may agree that ma... more Finding new speciesThousands of species have been described, and, although most may agree that many thousand remain undiscovered, identifying new taxa of charismatic vertebrates, like birds, is rare. Rheindtet al.describe five new songbird species and five new subspecies found on a single small island near Sulawesi, Indonesia, over a single 6-week expedition (see the Perspective by Kennedy and Fjeldså). They targeted the area because of its geological history and complexity and the historical notes of other explorers. They argue that similar approaches in other regions could also lead to the discovery of new species.Science, this issue p.167; see also p.140
Current Biology, 2021
The use of different tools to achieve a single goal is considered unique to human and primate tec... more The use of different tools to achieve a single goal is considered unique to human and primate technology. To unravel the origins of such complex behaviors, it is crucial to investigate tool use that is not necessary for a species' survival. These cases can be assumed to have emerged innovatively and be applied flexibly, thus emphasizing creativity and intelligence. However, it is intrinsically challenging to record tool innovations in natural settings that do not occur species-wide. Here, we report the discovery of two distinct tool manufacture methods and the use of tool sets in wild Goffin's cockatoos (Cacatua goffiniana). Up to three types of wooden tools, differing in their physical properties and each serving a different function, were manufactured and employed to extract embedded seed matter of Cerbera manghas. While Goffin's cockatoos do not depend on tool-obtained resources, repeated observations of two temporarily captive wild birds and indications from free-ranging individuals suggest this behavior occurs in the wild, albeit not species-wide. The use of a tool set in a non-primate implies convergent evolution of advanced tool use. Furthermore, these observations demonstrate how a species without hands can achieve dexterity in a high-precision task. The presence of flexible use and manufacture of tool sets in animals distantly related to humans significantly diversifies the phylogenetic landscape of technology and opens multiple avenues for future research. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
Evolutionary Applications, 2020
Urgent conservation action for terminally endangered species is sometimes hampered by taxonomic u... more Urgent conservation action for terminally endangered species is sometimes hampered by taxonomic uncertainty, especially in illegally traded animals that are often cross‐bred in captivity. To overcome these problems, we used a genomic approach to analyze historical DNA from museum samples across the Asian Pied Starling (Gracupica contra) complex in tropical Asia, a popular victim of the ongoing songbird crisis whose distinct Javan population (“Javan Pied Starling”) is extinct in the wild and subject to admixture in captivity. Comparing genomic profiles across the entire distribution, we detected three deeply diverged lineages at the species level characterized by a lack of genomic intermediacy near areas of contact. Our study demonstrates that the use of historical DNA can be instrumental in delimiting species in situations of taxonomic uncertainty, especially when modern admixture may obfuscate species boundaries. Results of our research will enable conservationists to commence a de...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020
Wallacean region, which covers Sulawesi and its satellite islands, Lesser Sunda islands, and Malu... more Wallacean region, which covers Sulawesi and its satellite islands, Lesser Sunda islands, and Maluku islands, has the richest endemic birds. It contributes 70.1% (366 out of 510) of the total Indonesian endemic bird species. Sulawesi and its satellite islands have the highest number of endemic species (150) followed by the Lesser Sunda Islands (126) and Maluku islands (90). On the other hand, many species in the region are threatened. The number of critically endangered (CR) and endangered (EN) in Sulawesi (7 and 10 species) is higher than Maluku (2 and 4 species) or Lesser Sunda (1 and 6 species). There are two types of threats: direct and indirect threats. Direct threats can be caused by the biological character of the species such as low reproductive rate, long-term parental care; high utilization i.e. hunt (egg, nestling, adult): consumption, trade (pet, hobbies and other uses); and natural predation. Indirect threats include habitat loss, fragmented forest, land conversion, and ...
Environment and Development Economics, 2019
This study examines conservation effects of wildlife trade using demand and supply data from cage... more This study examines conservation effects of wildlife trade using demand and supply data from caged-bird markets in Sumatra, Indonesia. When consumers have a strong preference for species rarity, trade could result in wildlife overexploitation and species extinction. Results from a choice experiment show that buyers of caged birds indeed value species rarity. However, not all rare species are equally preferred. Species that are frequently traded lose their rarity value, even if rare in the wild. Analysis of time-series data collected from traders over a period of 20 months between 2013 and 2015 reveals an inelastic supply function for rare species, with market arrivals being insensitive to price changes. This may be due to a declining stock of rare species in the wild. Bird trade together with habitat loss can lead to extinction of a number of rare species in Indonesia. Several policy approaches on regulating caged-bird markets are discussed.
Scientific Reports, 2018
Leaf warblers (Aves; Phylloscopidae) are a diverse clade of insectivorous, canopy-dwelling songbi... more Leaf warblers (Aves; Phylloscopidae) are a diverse clade of insectivorous, canopy-dwelling songbirds widespread across the Old World. The taxonomy of Australasian leaf warblers is particularly complex, with multiple species-level divergences between island taxa in the region requiring further scrutiny. We use a combination of morphology, bioacoustics, and analysis of thousands of genome-wide markers to investigate and describe a new species of Phylloscopus leaf warbler from the island of Rote in the Lesser Sundas, Indonesia. We show that this new Rote Leaf Warbler is morphologically and genomically highly distinct from its congenerics, but do not find vocal differentiation between different island taxa. We discuss the behaviour and ecology of this highly distinctive new species, and make recommendations about its conservation status. We believe this constitutes the first description of a novel bird species that is partly based on insights from massive amounts of genome-wide DNA mark...
Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club, 2018
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access t... more BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.
BIOTROPIA, 2020
Cacatua sulphurea abbotti is an endemic subspecies of cockatoo that is unique to a single tiny Ma... more Cacatua sulphurea abbotti is an endemic subspecies of cockatoo that is unique to a single tiny Masakambing Island with Critically Endangered status. There is an urgent need to obtain data on the status and distribution of the wild populations in order to determine the best conservation strategy of this species. We have presented population data collected since 2008 by a direct roost count method in a roosting tree each year. The fieldwork recorded only 10 cockatoos in 2008, but the number continued increasing up to 22 birds in 2018 or 42.86% in a decade. The distribution range covers about 71% of the total size of the island, concentrated in the northwestern area with a density of 1.56 ≈ 2 birds/km 2 in the year 2008 which raised up to 3,44 ≈ 3 birds/km 2 in 2018. Zero trapping policy enforced by the local government seemed to be effective in preventing the population decline, although the population is still vulnerable to decline due to nesting failure, presumably low genetic quality, and habitat destruction.
Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, Mar 28, 2022
The Tanimbar Corella (Cacatua goffiniana) is a protected bird species endemic to the Tanimbar Isl... more The Tanimbar Corella (Cacatua goffiniana) is a protected bird species endemic to the Tanimbar Islands (Yamdena and its satellite islands) in the Maluku province of Indonesia. The major threats identified to this species are hunting, illegal trade, and habitat loss. Therefore, this study aims to classify the land cover, distribution, and habitat types occupied by C. goffiniana on the Tanimbar Islands. Classification of land cover was analyzed using a supervised classification method of the Erdas Imagine 2014 software. Direct field observations were conducted to identify the distribution of Tanimbar Corella and its habitat use. The land cover was classified into six classes: forest (54.26 %), open area (20.76%), plantation (14.81%), mangrove (6.89%), settlement (1.85%), and wetland (1.43%). C. goffiniana is distributed on five islands, Yamdena, Selaru, Larat, Sera, and Molu. Furthermore, this species was observed in forest, plantation, and open land habitats. The results identified seventeen nest trees of six species: Canarium Indicum, Pometia pinnata, Instia bijuga, Sterculita foetida, Maranther corymbosa, and Alstonia scholaris, with a range diameter of 40.00-136.71 cm and nest cavity heights of 9.00-34.22 m (n = 17). This research brings new data in three areas: 1) a reassessment of the distribution of C. goffiniana on the Tanimbar Islands; 2) a detailed classification of the land cover concerning habitat types of the Tanimbar Islands; 3) an identification of the tree species utilized by nesting Tanimbar Corellas. Information on preferred habitats and nesting trees is crucial for selecting release sites of confiscated birds to ensure post-release survival.
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Papers by dewi Prawiradilaga