Insurance companies by their specific activity and by the variety of operations are exposed to a ... more Insurance companies by their specific activity and by the variety of operations are exposed to a multitude of risks. We can say that the risk is the basic condition of the insurance. If there were no risks, there would be no insurance. Therefore, risk insurance is a specific element, being subject to any insurance contract. Seeking a definition for risk, one can say that “risk is a danger, a threat faced by goods, people, businesses and insurance companies may provide”. The insurance companies have to deal with specific risks as their field of activity: ...
The presence of the financial intermediaries -that make the link between the economics agents, wi... more The presence of the financial intermediaries -that make the link between the economics agents, with the needs of resources and the one with surplus of resources -determinates the evolution of the banking system and the structure modification of these. What is the difference between a bank and a financial intermediary? The bank distinguish itself from the financial intermediary through its capacity of taking inside the costs and its informatic efficiency, and so the incomes are growing. Does the financial intermediaries represents a danger for the banks?
The time-honoured financing system of the European Union favours a certain looseness of budgetary... more The time-honoured financing system of the European Union favours a certain looseness of budgetary responsibilities; while the increase of expenditures seems to be a purpose for itself for the European Commission and the European Parliament, the member states make their net balance the reason for their distinct positions on common policies. By and large, the current own resources of the European Union formed by agricultural taxation, customs duties, VAT resource and the complementary resource on GDP correspond in fact to simple financial transfers of the member states into the communitarian budget. The advantages of a reform of the own resource system are numerous despite the difficulties of implementation. The resources proper to the Community are the rights in the custom and the agricultural sampling (recently qualified as "traditional" proper resources) as well as the additional resource consisting of the equable contribution of VAT of the state members and the resource based on the GBI of the state members. The agricultural sampling, the additional or compensatory taxes and other rights established or those to be established by the communitarian institutions regarding the sugar sector were perceived on the import of different agroalimentary products from other countries in order to raise the price to the level of the communitarian one as well as on the products with superoffer. They represented during the period 1962 -1971 the only financial resource for the communitarian budget destined mainly to the European orientation and agricultural warranty fund. The common custom taxes and other rights established or those to be established by the communitarian institutions on the trades with other countries were carried into effect starting with the 1 st of January 1968 in order to harmonise the import or export rights adequate to the exterior frontieres of the European Communities. The custom taxes and the agricultural sampling are gathered through the national administration of each state member after the sampling of the 25% part according to the perception expenses. The contribution to the communitarian budget of the ammounts accomplished by this resource had an interesting evolution: in the beginning (in the year 1971) they represented 25% from the total incomes of the communitarian budget, a few years later they grew amaizingly reaching 48% (in 1977) and then they went continuously down so that in 2006 they represented only 15,87%. The resorces resulting from the VAT owed by each state member are obtained by applying a fixed share of 0,5% on the calculation base for the VAT, determined eqaualy for every state members. This calculation base cannot overtake 50% from the NGP of the state member 147 . The fourth category of the proper resources based on GBI of the state members destined to take into account the contribution capacity of the state members was introduced in June 1988 through the packet Delors I. This proper resource is the resource budget balance. In essence, the present proper resources correspond in fact to some simple financial transfers of the state members on the communitarian budget, when the resouce VAT and NGP represent 81% from the total incomes of the communitarian budget. In a nutshell, opposite to the ambitions of the author of the Rome
Insurance companies by their specific activity and by the variety of operations are exposed to a ... more Insurance companies by their specific activity and by the variety of operations are exposed to a multitude of risks. We can say that the risk is the basic condition of the insurance. If there were no risks, there would be no insurance. Therefore, risk insurance is a specific element, being subject to any insurance contract. Seeking a definition for risk, one can say that “risk is a danger, a threat faced by goods, people, businesses and insurance companies may provide”. The insurance companies have to deal with specific risks as their field of activity: ...
The presence of the financial intermediaries -that make the link between the economics agents, wi... more The presence of the financial intermediaries -that make the link between the economics agents, with the needs of resources and the one with surplus of resources -determinates the evolution of the banking system and the structure modification of these. What is the difference between a bank and a financial intermediary? The bank distinguish itself from the financial intermediary through its capacity of taking inside the costs and its informatic efficiency, and so the incomes are growing. Does the financial intermediaries represents a danger for the banks?
The time-honoured financing system of the European Union favours a certain looseness of budgetary... more The time-honoured financing system of the European Union favours a certain looseness of budgetary responsibilities; while the increase of expenditures seems to be a purpose for itself for the European Commission and the European Parliament, the member states make their net balance the reason for their distinct positions on common policies. By and large, the current own resources of the European Union formed by agricultural taxation, customs duties, VAT resource and the complementary resource on GDP correspond in fact to simple financial transfers of the member states into the communitarian budget. The advantages of a reform of the own resource system are numerous despite the difficulties of implementation. The resources proper to the Community are the rights in the custom and the agricultural sampling (recently qualified as "traditional" proper resources) as well as the additional resource consisting of the equable contribution of VAT of the state members and the resource based on the GBI of the state members. The agricultural sampling, the additional or compensatory taxes and other rights established or those to be established by the communitarian institutions regarding the sugar sector were perceived on the import of different agroalimentary products from other countries in order to raise the price to the level of the communitarian one as well as on the products with superoffer. They represented during the period 1962 -1971 the only financial resource for the communitarian budget destined mainly to the European orientation and agricultural warranty fund. The common custom taxes and other rights established or those to be established by the communitarian institutions on the trades with other countries were carried into effect starting with the 1 st of January 1968 in order to harmonise the import or export rights adequate to the exterior frontieres of the European Communities. The custom taxes and the agricultural sampling are gathered through the national administration of each state member after the sampling of the 25% part according to the perception expenses. The contribution to the communitarian budget of the ammounts accomplished by this resource had an interesting evolution: in the beginning (in the year 1971) they represented 25% from the total incomes of the communitarian budget, a few years later they grew amaizingly reaching 48% (in 1977) and then they went continuously down so that in 2006 they represented only 15,87%. The resorces resulting from the VAT owed by each state member are obtained by applying a fixed share of 0,5% on the calculation base for the VAT, determined eqaualy for every state members. This calculation base cannot overtake 50% from the NGP of the state member 147 . The fourth category of the proper resources based on GBI of the state members destined to take into account the contribution capacity of the state members was introduced in June 1988 through the packet Delors I. This proper resource is the resource budget balance. In essence, the present proper resources correspond in fact to some simple financial transfers of the state members on the communitarian budget, when the resouce VAT and NGP represent 81% from the total incomes of the communitarian budget. In a nutshell, opposite to the ambitions of the author of the Rome
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