Advances in health sciences research, Sep 30, 2023
Multiple challenges to clinical education have occurred during and post-COVID-19 pandemic era. Bl... more Multiple challenges to clinical education have occurred during and post-COVID-19 pandemic era. Blended learning is well-known for cognitive development. However, the role of blended learning for the development of clinical competencies is not clear. This review aims to evaluate the studies focusing on blended learning approaches compared to face-to-face and online-only instructional approaches to build clinical competencies in undergraduate health professional students. Studies were searched from CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, HEC Library, and Google Scholar dated January 2013 to January 2023. The RCTs and quasi-experimental studies were included. All studies were assessed for quality using a medical education research quality instrument. Studies were abstracted and the descriptive results were presented. An initial search yielded 331 studies and 15 met the inclusion criteria; six were RCTs, and nine were quasi-experimental studies. Most papers came from Australia (n = 5). The following disciplines were included 5-nursing, 5-medical, 10 out of 15, three midwifery, one dental and one physiotherapy each. All studies yielded favorable mean quality scores of 14.40 and all were retained. Students generally had a positive view of blended learning and were satisfied and confident in achieving clinical competencies. Students exposed to blended learning approaches performed better on knowledge, skills, attitude, and practice than those in the conventional and online-only groups. The performance of students in the intervention arm was statistically higher than those in control group in 14/15 studies (P-Value < 0.05). There is a need for further research on blended learning in middle-and lower-income countries.
African Journal of Health Professions Education, Dec 1, 2020
The transition from student status to newly qualified nurse can be stressful because of the adjus... more The transition from student status to newly qualified nurse can be stressful because of the adjustments to a new role, which requires a combination of knowledge and skills. [1] The stress is due to the notion of being inadequately prepared, lack of confidence and feelings of incompetence. [2] To overcome this, many countries have resorted to the introduction and implementation of methods to improve clinical capabilities of new graduate nurses. In South Africa (SA), the National Department of Health introduced compulsory community service for health professionals in 1998. [3] The primary objective of community service is to enhance quality healthcare access for South Africans, especially in previously under-resourced areas. Young professionals are afforded opportunities, through this process, to develop their skills, establish behaviour patterns and critical thinking and acquire knowledge that assists with their professional development. [3] In 2007, the Nursing Bill was promulgated into the Nursing Act (Act No. 33 of 2005) and, as a result, community service for nurses was effected. [4] The directive stipulates that nurses must complete a mandatory 12-month period of community service after successful completion of the 4-year nursing degree or nursing diploma training (R425) prior to their registration as professional nurses (PNs) (general, psychiatric and community) and midwives. [5] Since the implementation of mandatory community service, numerous researchers have established that community service nurses (CSNs) lack competence in some areas, including basic nursing care, leadership and unit management, teamwork and collaboration, and communication skills, yet there is currently no tool that informs the evaluation of these basic competences. This knowledge gap prompted us to carry out a study of this nature in North West Province (NWP), SA. This article forms part of the original study, which aimed to develop a tool to evaluate clinical competence of CSNs in NWP. Therefore, the objective was to report the convergence of the results of the experiences of CSNs and the perceptions of PNs with regard to the clinical competence of the former during their community service placements.
Depression is one of the most common mentc~l i1lnes.se.s cznrl it seems to be on the increase. De... more Depression is one of the most common mentc~l i1lnes.se.s cznrl it seems to be on the increase. Depression is also known CIS the common cold of mental disorclers. Despite the fact that it is then apparently qitite common, stigmatisation seems to increase the cliffLcttliy of the hospitalised depressedpatient's work reintegration. In this research the depressedpatieizt.~ agree th~tt they become more nrlxiotts becaitse ofthe stigmatisation of the disorder by their colleag~tes. This sit~tcition leads to extended hospitalisation and to reudmittrince to hospital sooner than i.vhat ,voul~l othenvise have been the case. The above-mentioned problem lee1 the researcher as a psychicttric ntlrse to explore and describe how the depressedpntient experiences his work reintegration afler clirchnrge, C I S well as how the depressedpatient experiences his preparation for work reintegration ditring ho.spitc11i.sation. In-cleptlz, ~tnstrttctitred phenomenological interviews were ltsed to collect clata. Gzricled by thefindings, the researcher conclztded that no preparation for work reintegration existsjbr the hospitc~lisetl depressedpatient, and the ~lepre.s.secIpritientfinds work reintegration more dificult. From the conclttsion.s the resec~rcher fonnzrlarecl giticlelines for the psychiatric rznrse's q~rciliiy preppamtiori of the hospitalisecl depressed pcitient for work reintegration. Depressie is een van die algemeenste vorms van geeste.songestelclheirJ en danr blyk 'n toename in die siekte te wees. Oor die nlgemeen staan depressie bekerzri rzs (lie verkoite van geestesongesteldhede. Ten spyte van hierdie algemene voorkorns van rlepres.sie, blyk dit dot etikettering daartoe bydm dnt die geho.pitrrliseercle clepressiewepasi?nt se werlishervatting bemoeilik word. In hierdie navorsing stein die depressiewe pasiente snam dat hnlle ung.svlakke verhoog word as gevolg van etikettering cleztr Iz~tlle kollegas. Hierclie siticcisie lei ilnartoe rlnt pasiiinte longer gehospitaliseer word ofnn oizt.slag goner terngkeer nn die hospitanl.
grounded theory approach was used to guide this research. Multiple data collection methods were u... more grounded theory approach was used to guide this research. Multiple data collection methods were used, which took place concurrently with the descriptive analysis. Glaser's conceptual analysis paradigm for qualitative data analysis was utilised. Based on the results of this research the importance of an HIV/AIDS counselling approach for Africans is emphasised.
The Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man
Infertility is a serious reproductive health challenge that has a far-reaching impact on women’s ... more Infertility is a serious reproductive health challenge that has a far-reaching impact on women’s lives as they, inevitably, are the ones blamed for the failure to conceive. Despite availability of Western treatments to manage infertilit y, women frequently consult indigenous healthcare practitioners (IHCP) for healthcare, preferring these services to Western practice due to reasons such as accessibility and affordability. The study used a qualitative explorative, descriptive, and contextual design. Both purposive and snowballing technique were used to identify five women whom indigenous practitioners had assisted to conceive. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted and data were analyzed using the Tesch method of data analysis. IHCPs are known experts in managing infertility, experiences of women on indigenous management of infertility and continuous holistic management of infertility among women.
Background: Sexual health is fundamental to the physical, psychological and spiritual well-being ... more Background: Sexual health is fundamental to the physical, psychological and spiritual well-being of a human, couple, and family; it is the social and economic development of modern societies and civilized nations (WHO, 2020). The ability of human sexual health and well-being depends upon their sufficient knowledge, risky sexual behaviors, vulnerability to the adverse consequences, and good quality of sexual health care and beneficial environment; it can promote and sustains human sexual health (WHO, 2020). Sexual health is an international human right; it is the responsibility of the national government to ensure sexual health rights and policies for all individuals, communities and families (Gruskin et al., 2019).The stigmatizing and discriminating attitudes of health care workers need to change to reduce patients refusal to seeking sexual health services (UNAIDS, 2020). Purpose: The purpose of this review was assessing the Knowledge, attitudes and readiness of nurses regarding patients' sexual health problems. Methodology: The PRISMA guidelines were used for conducting this literature review.The full text articles were searched from Cochrane, Pub-Med, and Cumulative Index to Nursing Allied Health Literature and Google Scholar. The relevant keywords were used including sexuality, sexual health, nursing students, nurses, doctors, physicians, consultants, sexual health policies, sexual health training and education, and sexual health barriers. Results: Knowledge and training, attitudes of healthcare professionals, the corresponding factors included ineffective communication, social stigma, taboo, gender, culture, inadequate institutional policies, and faculty role-modelling. Recommendations: The healthcare professionals should respect patients' sexual health problems. There should be proper training for the nursing teachers and students to deal with sexual health problems. The faculty clinical role modeling should encourage on clinical for students learning regarding patients sexual health problems. The component of patients' sexual health should be included in the nursing curricula in Pakistan. There should be a longitudinal on patients' sexual health problems.
Adolescents' substance use needs to be identified and addressed as soon as possible and substance... more Adolescents' substance use needs to be identified and addressed as soon as possible and substance use among adolescents needs to be prevented. The purpose of this study was to develop a substance use prevention programme focusing on resilience as a protective factor for adolescents in the North West Province of South Africa. The programme was developed based on the results of systematic review and qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research. A conceptual framework was used to guide the researcher to link the results of systematic review and qualitative research with the programme. The survey list of the Practice Oriented Theory was used as a guide for development of a conceptual framework and the programme. The findings of this study confirmed the content of the programme, and indicated that the programme to prevent substance use among adolescents should focus on strengthening adolescents' resilience and on mobilizing protective factors.
Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2013
Black South African farm workers&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;... more Black South African farm workers&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; context of an isolated lifestyle and lack of education and resources might lead to unique beliefs that influence their understanding and behavior regarding HIV infection. An exploration and description of these beliefs can inform suggestions for a belief-sensitive approach for HIV-prevention programs. A participative rural appraisal research method was implemented, following a qualitative, explorative, and descriptive approach. A culturally sensitive mode of interviewing, namely lekgotla, was used as a strategy to collect data. The results indicated that Black South African farm workers have specific beliefs about HIV. Most of the beliefs protect them from being infected, but some marginal beliefs can put them at risk of being infected. Clinical considerations, which health care professionals can incorporate in HIV-prevention programs, were formulated based on the results, relevant literature, and conclusions.
The need to improve health services to HIV-positive women requires a specific focus on limiting m... more The need to improve health services to HIV-positive women requires a specific focus on limiting mother-to-child transmission. Vertical transmission most often takes place during the intrapartum period; hence, it is essential to alert midwives to what constitutes safe or risky intrapartum practices. Midwives in the southern region of the North West Province of South Africa were surveyed for their knowledge of safe intrapartum practices that can limit vertical transmission of HIV, consequently indicating which intrapartum practices prevail in the region. We used a quantitative survey design and collected data by means of a questionnaire and checklist. A purposeful availability sample of 31 midwives who work in all four hospitals in the province was used and a random sample of 401 obstetric records was audited. Data were analysed by means of frequency analysis, effect sizes and cross-reference. A slight majority of the midwives had sufficient knowledge to distinguish between risky and safe practices. However, safe intrapartum practices are not always carried out and this raises concerns. Accordingly, we formulate general recommendations for nursing education, future research, and midwifery practice. In particular we suggest ways the national Guidelines for Maternity Care in South Africa may be adapted and better implemented to enhance safe intrapartum practices to limit vertical transmission of HIV.
Introduction: Critical thinking dispositions (CTD) are valued across the health professions disci... more Introduction: Critical thinking dispositions (CTD) are valued across the health professions disciplines being essential for decision-making, critical judgment and managing complex health situations. Promoting critical-thinking dispositions in undergraduate nursing students can support the students to utilize critical thinking during challenging patient care and problem-solving situations. Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of critical thinking disposition among neophyte nursing students in a private nursing college. Methodology: An analytical cross-sectional study design was adopted. Neophyte students (n=98) of the BSN program participated in the study. Critical Thinking Dispositions Scale (CTDS) of 54 items under seven constructs was utilized to assess CTD level. Data was analyzed at descriptive and inferential level using SPSS 23.0 version. Results: Overall, CTD among neophytes nursing students is at 75% a progressive level. Contextual and inquisitiveness construct o...
AkacJerni8Se i•\clrnfnistrasie PosiJus Box •J i 7 Ll. VAf\IDI::f':BIJLPi-\RK ___________ 19 _00 _... more AkacJerni8Se i•\clrnfnistrasie PosiJus Box •J i 7 Ll. VAf\IDI::f':BIJLPi-\RK ___________ 19 _00 ________ ~ I would like to thank the following people who contributed to my personal, professional and Spiritual growth during the process of this research: God and my Ancestors who guided me through this process. Dr. Esmarie Strydom, my research supervisor, for her educational expertise and eloquence in guiding me meticulously through this process. My mother who still assists and guides me lovingly. My beloved primary family, namely my wife Pettula, children Abigail, X'odas and Quincy for their support in being an inseparable part of my life. The editor who powdered the nose of my language usage. Koetlisi Koetlisi for, assistance with data-collection and analysis, meticulous proofreading and the final outlay of this work. My dear friends-and-brothers (the boys) for their unconditional support and trust that never ceased or declined from beginning to end. My nephew, Jason and my sisters-in-law, Hilda and Madge, for their most welcome support throughout this process.
Background: South African Nursing Council requires nurses who successfully complete their trainin... more Background: South African Nursing Council requires nurses who successfully complete their training to perform a year of community service before obtaining registration as professional nurses (Regulation 425). Community service for health professionals was introduced as a strategy to retain newly qualified professionals within the country. The premise is that community service for newly graduated nurses gives them the opportunity to develop skills and acquire knowledge critical in their professional development.Aim: To explore and describe the perceptions of professional nurses as the supervisors of community service nurses (CSNs) during their 12 months of community service.Setting: Selected hospitals of the North West province, South Africa.Methods: A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive design was used. The study was conducted between September and November 2018 at three public hospitals in the North West province. Through purposive sampling, 15 professional nurses who supervis...
Background: Little has been done to evaluate clinical competence of community service nurses (CSN... more Background: Little has been done to evaluate clinical competence of community service nurses (CSNs) during the 12-month compulsory community service in South Africa. Evaluating clinical competence of CSNs would be of benefit as it might improve quality patient care and promote patient satisfaction. It therefore became of paramount importance for the researcher to establish some method of evaluating the CSNs’ clinical competence during their compulsory service in the North West province (NWP), South Africa.Aim: To evaluate the clinical competence evaluation tool (CCET) for CSNs for reliability and validity.Setting: A selected regional level 2 hospital.Methods: Ten experts participated in the validation process. The tool was tested at one of the public hospitals in the NWP and 11 out of 13 CSNs participated in this process. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 was employed and the reliability of the tool was measured using Cronbach’s alpha.Results: This tool’s conten...
Introduction and background 'Unabatedly Indigenous Health Systems in Africa stood the test of tim... more Introduction and background 'Unabatedly Indigenous Health Systems in Africa stood the test of time'. This statement conveys the resilience of African indigenous healthcare, despite the evolution and operationalisation of western medical systems in Africa. Consistent with the above understanding, Moshabela, Zuma and Gaede (2016) assert that indigenous health practices in South Africa remain functional in indigenous communities, although unrecognised. Following this lack of recognition and support by means of policies, Africans have had to adopt western healthcare systems. However, Salamonsen and Ahlzén (2018), Malokoane et al. (2020) and Rispel (2016) argue that a wide range of states across the world have adopted and implemented western health systems with ineffective outcomes and increasing levels of patient distrust. These authors further contend that many western health systems in Africa are under-funded, under-researched and under-resourced, leading these mechanisms into Background: The researchers established that an indigenous KhoiSan community functions healthily without western mental health services. This community relies on indigenous healthcare with positive health outcomes over centuries. Despite this positive evidence, the community's therapeutic achievements have not been explored previously. Aim: To explore the therapeutic merits embedded in dialogues of healing to formulate a generic approach to managing psychosocial challenges. Setting: The study was conducted in an indigenous KhoiSan community, Northern Cape province, South Africa. Methods: A qualitative approach, by using an indigenous African research design, was followed. An African Indigenous Health Research Framework (AIHRF) was employed, particularly applying a classical African indigenous method of data-collection, namely orature. Theoretical sampling was used for the purpose that the emerging data guide the researcher to the next participants. The four-step analysis of the mentioned framework was deployed for data analysis. Results: It was deduced that the therapeutic merits of dialogues go beyond the word of mouth, leading to the emergence of themes related to the successful management of psychosocial health challenges in the KhoiSan community. Conclusion: These findings were used to generate a baseline conceptual framework for the management of psychosocial challenges in the KhoiSan community. Contribution: Revitalisation of communal indigenous practices for the management of psychosocial health challenges within the KhoiSan community. The latter will sensitise research, teaching and learning to foster culturally informed counseling approaches. Moreover, these will inform policy formations to posses a culturally competent approach towards indigenous communities such as the KhoiSan community in the Northern Cape, South Africa.
Advances in health sciences research, Sep 30, 2023
Multiple challenges to clinical education have occurred during and post-COVID-19 pandemic era. Bl... more Multiple challenges to clinical education have occurred during and post-COVID-19 pandemic era. Blended learning is well-known for cognitive development. However, the role of blended learning for the development of clinical competencies is not clear. This review aims to evaluate the studies focusing on blended learning approaches compared to face-to-face and online-only instructional approaches to build clinical competencies in undergraduate health professional students. Studies were searched from CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, HEC Library, and Google Scholar dated January 2013 to January 2023. The RCTs and quasi-experimental studies were included. All studies were assessed for quality using a medical education research quality instrument. Studies were abstracted and the descriptive results were presented. An initial search yielded 331 studies and 15 met the inclusion criteria; six were RCTs, and nine were quasi-experimental studies. Most papers came from Australia (n = 5). The following disciplines were included 5-nursing, 5-medical, 10 out of 15, three midwifery, one dental and one physiotherapy each. All studies yielded favorable mean quality scores of 14.40 and all were retained. Students generally had a positive view of blended learning and were satisfied and confident in achieving clinical competencies. Students exposed to blended learning approaches performed better on knowledge, skills, attitude, and practice than those in the conventional and online-only groups. The performance of students in the intervention arm was statistically higher than those in control group in 14/15 studies (P-Value < 0.05). There is a need for further research on blended learning in middle-and lower-income countries.
African Journal of Health Professions Education, Dec 1, 2020
The transition from student status to newly qualified nurse can be stressful because of the adjus... more The transition from student status to newly qualified nurse can be stressful because of the adjustments to a new role, which requires a combination of knowledge and skills. [1] The stress is due to the notion of being inadequately prepared, lack of confidence and feelings of incompetence. [2] To overcome this, many countries have resorted to the introduction and implementation of methods to improve clinical capabilities of new graduate nurses. In South Africa (SA), the National Department of Health introduced compulsory community service for health professionals in 1998. [3] The primary objective of community service is to enhance quality healthcare access for South Africans, especially in previously under-resourced areas. Young professionals are afforded opportunities, through this process, to develop their skills, establish behaviour patterns and critical thinking and acquire knowledge that assists with their professional development. [3] In 2007, the Nursing Bill was promulgated into the Nursing Act (Act No. 33 of 2005) and, as a result, community service for nurses was effected. [4] The directive stipulates that nurses must complete a mandatory 12-month period of community service after successful completion of the 4-year nursing degree or nursing diploma training (R425) prior to their registration as professional nurses (PNs) (general, psychiatric and community) and midwives. [5] Since the implementation of mandatory community service, numerous researchers have established that community service nurses (CSNs) lack competence in some areas, including basic nursing care, leadership and unit management, teamwork and collaboration, and communication skills, yet there is currently no tool that informs the evaluation of these basic competences. This knowledge gap prompted us to carry out a study of this nature in North West Province (NWP), SA. This article forms part of the original study, which aimed to develop a tool to evaluate clinical competence of CSNs in NWP. Therefore, the objective was to report the convergence of the results of the experiences of CSNs and the perceptions of PNs with regard to the clinical competence of the former during their community service placements.
Depression is one of the most common mentc~l i1lnes.se.s cznrl it seems to be on the increase. De... more Depression is one of the most common mentc~l i1lnes.se.s cznrl it seems to be on the increase. Depression is also known CIS the common cold of mental disorclers. Despite the fact that it is then apparently qitite common, stigmatisation seems to increase the cliffLcttliy of the hospitalised depressedpatient's work reintegration. In this research the depressedpatieizt.~ agree th~tt they become more nrlxiotts becaitse ofthe stigmatisation of the disorder by their colleag~tes. This sit~tcition leads to extended hospitalisation and to reudmittrince to hospital sooner than i.vhat ,voul~l othenvise have been the case. The above-mentioned problem lee1 the researcher as a psychicttric ntlrse to explore and describe how the depressedpntient experiences his work reintegration afler clirchnrge, C I S well as how the depressedpatient experiences his preparation for work reintegration ditring ho.spitc11i.sation. In-cleptlz, ~tnstrttctitred phenomenological interviews were ltsed to collect clata. Gzricled by thefindings, the researcher conclztded that no preparation for work reintegration existsjbr the hospitc~lisetl depressedpatient, and the ~lepre.s.secIpritientfinds work reintegration more dificult. From the conclttsion.s the resec~rcher fonnzrlarecl giticlelines for the psychiatric rznrse's q~rciliiy preppamtiori of the hospitalisecl depressed pcitient for work reintegration. Depressie is een van die algemeenste vorms van geeste.songestelclheirJ en danr blyk 'n toename in die siekte te wees. Oor die nlgemeen staan depressie bekerzri rzs (lie verkoite van geestesongesteldhede. Ten spyte van hierdie algemene voorkorns van rlepres.sie, blyk dit dot etikettering daartoe bydm dnt die geho.pitrrliseercle clepressiewepasi?nt se werlishervatting bemoeilik word. In hierdie navorsing stein die depressiewe pasiente snam dat hnlle ung.svlakke verhoog word as gevolg van etikettering cleztr Iz~tlle kollegas. Hierclie siticcisie lei ilnartoe rlnt pasiiinte longer gehospitaliseer word ofnn oizt.slag goner terngkeer nn die hospitanl.
grounded theory approach was used to guide this research. Multiple data collection methods were u... more grounded theory approach was used to guide this research. Multiple data collection methods were used, which took place concurrently with the descriptive analysis. Glaser's conceptual analysis paradigm for qualitative data analysis was utilised. Based on the results of this research the importance of an HIV/AIDS counselling approach for Africans is emphasised.
The Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man
Infertility is a serious reproductive health challenge that has a far-reaching impact on women’s ... more Infertility is a serious reproductive health challenge that has a far-reaching impact on women’s lives as they, inevitably, are the ones blamed for the failure to conceive. Despite availability of Western treatments to manage infertilit y, women frequently consult indigenous healthcare practitioners (IHCP) for healthcare, preferring these services to Western practice due to reasons such as accessibility and affordability. The study used a qualitative explorative, descriptive, and contextual design. Both purposive and snowballing technique were used to identify five women whom indigenous practitioners had assisted to conceive. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted and data were analyzed using the Tesch method of data analysis. IHCPs are known experts in managing infertility, experiences of women on indigenous management of infertility and continuous holistic management of infertility among women.
Background: Sexual health is fundamental to the physical, psychological and spiritual well-being ... more Background: Sexual health is fundamental to the physical, psychological and spiritual well-being of a human, couple, and family; it is the social and economic development of modern societies and civilized nations (WHO, 2020). The ability of human sexual health and well-being depends upon their sufficient knowledge, risky sexual behaviors, vulnerability to the adverse consequences, and good quality of sexual health care and beneficial environment; it can promote and sustains human sexual health (WHO, 2020). Sexual health is an international human right; it is the responsibility of the national government to ensure sexual health rights and policies for all individuals, communities and families (Gruskin et al., 2019).The stigmatizing and discriminating attitudes of health care workers need to change to reduce patients refusal to seeking sexual health services (UNAIDS, 2020). Purpose: The purpose of this review was assessing the Knowledge, attitudes and readiness of nurses regarding patients' sexual health problems. Methodology: The PRISMA guidelines were used for conducting this literature review.The full text articles were searched from Cochrane, Pub-Med, and Cumulative Index to Nursing Allied Health Literature and Google Scholar. The relevant keywords were used including sexuality, sexual health, nursing students, nurses, doctors, physicians, consultants, sexual health policies, sexual health training and education, and sexual health barriers. Results: Knowledge and training, attitudes of healthcare professionals, the corresponding factors included ineffective communication, social stigma, taboo, gender, culture, inadequate institutional policies, and faculty role-modelling. Recommendations: The healthcare professionals should respect patients' sexual health problems. There should be proper training for the nursing teachers and students to deal with sexual health problems. The faculty clinical role modeling should encourage on clinical for students learning regarding patients sexual health problems. The component of patients' sexual health should be included in the nursing curricula in Pakistan. There should be a longitudinal on patients' sexual health problems.
Adolescents' substance use needs to be identified and addressed as soon as possible and substance... more Adolescents' substance use needs to be identified and addressed as soon as possible and substance use among adolescents needs to be prevented. The purpose of this study was to develop a substance use prevention programme focusing on resilience as a protective factor for adolescents in the North West Province of South Africa. The programme was developed based on the results of systematic review and qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research. A conceptual framework was used to guide the researcher to link the results of systematic review and qualitative research with the programme. The survey list of the Practice Oriented Theory was used as a guide for development of a conceptual framework and the programme. The findings of this study confirmed the content of the programme, and indicated that the programme to prevent substance use among adolescents should focus on strengthening adolescents' resilience and on mobilizing protective factors.
Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2013
Black South African farm workers&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;... more Black South African farm workers&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; context of an isolated lifestyle and lack of education and resources might lead to unique beliefs that influence their understanding and behavior regarding HIV infection. An exploration and description of these beliefs can inform suggestions for a belief-sensitive approach for HIV-prevention programs. A participative rural appraisal research method was implemented, following a qualitative, explorative, and descriptive approach. A culturally sensitive mode of interviewing, namely lekgotla, was used as a strategy to collect data. The results indicated that Black South African farm workers have specific beliefs about HIV. Most of the beliefs protect them from being infected, but some marginal beliefs can put them at risk of being infected. Clinical considerations, which health care professionals can incorporate in HIV-prevention programs, were formulated based on the results, relevant literature, and conclusions.
The need to improve health services to HIV-positive women requires a specific focus on limiting m... more The need to improve health services to HIV-positive women requires a specific focus on limiting mother-to-child transmission. Vertical transmission most often takes place during the intrapartum period; hence, it is essential to alert midwives to what constitutes safe or risky intrapartum practices. Midwives in the southern region of the North West Province of South Africa were surveyed for their knowledge of safe intrapartum practices that can limit vertical transmission of HIV, consequently indicating which intrapartum practices prevail in the region. We used a quantitative survey design and collected data by means of a questionnaire and checklist. A purposeful availability sample of 31 midwives who work in all four hospitals in the province was used and a random sample of 401 obstetric records was audited. Data were analysed by means of frequency analysis, effect sizes and cross-reference. A slight majority of the midwives had sufficient knowledge to distinguish between risky and safe practices. However, safe intrapartum practices are not always carried out and this raises concerns. Accordingly, we formulate general recommendations for nursing education, future research, and midwifery practice. In particular we suggest ways the national Guidelines for Maternity Care in South Africa may be adapted and better implemented to enhance safe intrapartum practices to limit vertical transmission of HIV.
Introduction: Critical thinking dispositions (CTD) are valued across the health professions disci... more Introduction: Critical thinking dispositions (CTD) are valued across the health professions disciplines being essential for decision-making, critical judgment and managing complex health situations. Promoting critical-thinking dispositions in undergraduate nursing students can support the students to utilize critical thinking during challenging patient care and problem-solving situations. Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of critical thinking disposition among neophyte nursing students in a private nursing college. Methodology: An analytical cross-sectional study design was adopted. Neophyte students (n=98) of the BSN program participated in the study. Critical Thinking Dispositions Scale (CTDS) of 54 items under seven constructs was utilized to assess CTD level. Data was analyzed at descriptive and inferential level using SPSS 23.0 version. Results: Overall, CTD among neophytes nursing students is at 75% a progressive level. Contextual and inquisitiveness construct o...
AkacJerni8Se i•\clrnfnistrasie PosiJus Box •J i 7 Ll. VAf\IDI::f':BIJLPi-\RK ___________ 19 _00 _... more AkacJerni8Se i•\clrnfnistrasie PosiJus Box •J i 7 Ll. VAf\IDI::f':BIJLPi-\RK ___________ 19 _00 ________ ~ I would like to thank the following people who contributed to my personal, professional and Spiritual growth during the process of this research: God and my Ancestors who guided me through this process. Dr. Esmarie Strydom, my research supervisor, for her educational expertise and eloquence in guiding me meticulously through this process. My mother who still assists and guides me lovingly. My beloved primary family, namely my wife Pettula, children Abigail, X'odas and Quincy for their support in being an inseparable part of my life. The editor who powdered the nose of my language usage. Koetlisi Koetlisi for, assistance with data-collection and analysis, meticulous proofreading and the final outlay of this work. My dear friends-and-brothers (the boys) for their unconditional support and trust that never ceased or declined from beginning to end. My nephew, Jason and my sisters-in-law, Hilda and Madge, for their most welcome support throughout this process.
Background: South African Nursing Council requires nurses who successfully complete their trainin... more Background: South African Nursing Council requires nurses who successfully complete their training to perform a year of community service before obtaining registration as professional nurses (Regulation 425). Community service for health professionals was introduced as a strategy to retain newly qualified professionals within the country. The premise is that community service for newly graduated nurses gives them the opportunity to develop skills and acquire knowledge critical in their professional development.Aim: To explore and describe the perceptions of professional nurses as the supervisors of community service nurses (CSNs) during their 12 months of community service.Setting: Selected hospitals of the North West province, South Africa.Methods: A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive design was used. The study was conducted between September and November 2018 at three public hospitals in the North West province. Through purposive sampling, 15 professional nurses who supervis...
Background: Little has been done to evaluate clinical competence of community service nurses (CSN... more Background: Little has been done to evaluate clinical competence of community service nurses (CSNs) during the 12-month compulsory community service in South Africa. Evaluating clinical competence of CSNs would be of benefit as it might improve quality patient care and promote patient satisfaction. It therefore became of paramount importance for the researcher to establish some method of evaluating the CSNs’ clinical competence during their compulsory service in the North West province (NWP), South Africa.Aim: To evaluate the clinical competence evaluation tool (CCET) for CSNs for reliability and validity.Setting: A selected regional level 2 hospital.Methods: Ten experts participated in the validation process. The tool was tested at one of the public hospitals in the NWP and 11 out of 13 CSNs participated in this process. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 was employed and the reliability of the tool was measured using Cronbach’s alpha.Results: This tool’s conten...
Introduction and background 'Unabatedly Indigenous Health Systems in Africa stood the test of tim... more Introduction and background 'Unabatedly Indigenous Health Systems in Africa stood the test of time'. This statement conveys the resilience of African indigenous healthcare, despite the evolution and operationalisation of western medical systems in Africa. Consistent with the above understanding, Moshabela, Zuma and Gaede (2016) assert that indigenous health practices in South Africa remain functional in indigenous communities, although unrecognised. Following this lack of recognition and support by means of policies, Africans have had to adopt western healthcare systems. However, Salamonsen and Ahlzén (2018), Malokoane et al. (2020) and Rispel (2016) argue that a wide range of states across the world have adopted and implemented western health systems with ineffective outcomes and increasing levels of patient distrust. These authors further contend that many western health systems in Africa are under-funded, under-researched and under-resourced, leading these mechanisms into Background: The researchers established that an indigenous KhoiSan community functions healthily without western mental health services. This community relies on indigenous healthcare with positive health outcomes over centuries. Despite this positive evidence, the community's therapeutic achievements have not been explored previously. Aim: To explore the therapeutic merits embedded in dialogues of healing to formulate a generic approach to managing psychosocial challenges. Setting: The study was conducted in an indigenous KhoiSan community, Northern Cape province, South Africa. Methods: A qualitative approach, by using an indigenous African research design, was followed. An African Indigenous Health Research Framework (AIHRF) was employed, particularly applying a classical African indigenous method of data-collection, namely orature. Theoretical sampling was used for the purpose that the emerging data guide the researcher to the next participants. The four-step analysis of the mentioned framework was deployed for data analysis. Results: It was deduced that the therapeutic merits of dialogues go beyond the word of mouth, leading to the emergence of themes related to the successful management of psychosocial health challenges in the KhoiSan community. Conclusion: These findings were used to generate a baseline conceptual framework for the management of psychosocial challenges in the KhoiSan community. Contribution: Revitalisation of communal indigenous practices for the management of psychosocial health challenges within the KhoiSan community. The latter will sensitise research, teaching and learning to foster culturally informed counseling approaches. Moreover, these will inform policy formations to posses a culturally competent approach towards indigenous communities such as the KhoiSan community in the Northern Cape, South Africa.
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Papers by Abel Pienaar