Papers by Pablo Aparicio Ruiz
Dirección y Organización
El desplazamiento migratorio de la comunidad magrebí desde diferentes países de Europa al norte d... more El desplazamiento migratorio de la comunidad magrebí desde diferentes países de Europa al norte de África durante el periodo estival se suele realizar por medio de vehículos privados, con un volumen de tránsitos de más de 730.000 vehículos en un periodo de tres meses. Esta situación requiere el despliegue de un Plan Estatal de Protección Civil denominado Operación Paso del Estrecho que garantice una adecuada coordinación y planificación de las actuaciones de los distintos servicios intervinientes (autoridades portuarias, fuerzas y cuerpos de seguridad del estado, servicios asistenciales, etc.). En este escenario, conocer con la suficiente anticipación los flujos de vehículos en determinados puntos críticos es esencial para el desarrollo de una adecuada planificación. Este artículo presenta como la aplicación de una red neuronal, puede ser una buena solución para conocer el flujo de llegada de vehículos al puerto de Algeciras en franjas de tiempo de 8 horas, con una antelación de 16 ...
Aula Abierta, 2021
La transmisión de conceptos mediante juegos combina una aplicación práctica de la teoría junto co... more La transmisión de conceptos mediante juegos combina una aplicación práctica de la teoría junto con un incremento potencial del interés y la motivación de los alumnos. Este objetivo en el caso de la transmisión de conceptos de la gestión de proyectos ágil, mediante la metodología Scrum, se consigue mediante un juego aplicado a la logística, que se propone en esta comunicación, en la que se explica la dinámica del juego, y cómo se reflejan todos los conceptos de esta metodología ágil.
Short-Term Forecasting in Office Consumption with Identification of Patterns by Clustering
Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering, 2018
Fuzzy clustering algorithm has demonstrated advantages in data mining, especially in problems wit... more Fuzzy clustering algorithm has demonstrated advantages in data mining, especially in problems with large collections of imprecise or fuzzy data. This methodology is widely used in the context of pattern recognition. It is proposed this methodology to use in the forecast of the comfort area of building or in the forecasting of consumption. In this paper the concept of fuzzy clustering, which is widely used in the context of pattern recognition. Based on the study of the fuzzy algorithm, we propose a method to forecast the comfort and consumption.
La mejora dinámica del rutado de vehículos: eventos de reoptimización
A bstract: This paper presents a methodology used to provide important and useful information to ... more A bstract: This paper presents a methodology used to provide important and useful information to select dynamically the comfort set:point of the rooms for a central heating system without using fixed values based on programmed time schedules or any other methodology. It is possible to observe the users comfort level of a Heating, Ventilation and Air:conditioning (HVAC) system through online surveys. Using fuzzy logic applied to the behaviour patterns that generally occur in an office it is possible to detect situations when it can be decided to maximise comfort and/or maximise savings. This methodology is designed to save energy in these systems depending on the occupation and comfort perception of its occupants.
espanolLa sostenibilidad ambiental es uno de los objetivos fundamentales en los actuales retos de... more espanolLa sostenibilidad ambiental es uno de los objetivos fundamentales en los actuales retos de nuestro desarrollo tecnologico. Nuestra sociedad esta orientada en la busqueda de nuevas tecnologias encaminadas al ahorro de energia. Existe una necesidad de dominar todo el conocimiento existente y la experiencia necesaria para realizar mejoras en la eficiencia energetica de los edificios. La finalidad de esta tesis es la elaboracion de algoritmos personalizados para mejorar la eficiencia energetica tanto de edificios nuevos como existentes. Este documento se vertebra en dos campos en los cuales se han desarrollado y analizado las tecnicas, las herramientas de interes y los algoritmos o heuristicas existentes que permiten agilizar el tiempo de resolucion de los problemas. El primer campo, hace referencia a la edificacion sostenible, que asegura la calidad ambiental y la eficiencia energetica de un edificio durante todo su ciclo de vida. En este area se establece una metodologia de opt...
Bucket Brigades: Simulating a Production Line in the Classroom
Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering, 2018
The experience is described in this paper, it is a small game for drawing a little house. The exp... more The experience is described in this paper, it is a small game for drawing a little house. The experience tries to innovate in the traditional methodologies of learning of theoretical subjects and is shown a small game that can be used to introduce the concept of production assembly orders or in order picking systems by relays or “Bucket Brigades”. This concept is explained in the subject of “Logistical decision systems” developed in the field of “Master’s Degree in Industrial Engineering” at the University of Seville.
The applicability of passive cooling methods has been a recurring subject in architectural engine... more The applicability of passive cooling methods has been a recurring subject in architectural engineering science. The integration of these methods in architecture often requires feasibility studies and, in most cases, a deep knowledge of the climatic conditions is required to succeed in this task. The number of parameters to be evaluated will depend on the complexity of the cooling system, the physics involved and the context. This paper addresses the climatic applicability of convective and evaporative cooling systems in the context of United States (US) through the creation of a series of applicability maps deriving from processed climate data. This work is a revision of the climatic maps for downdraught cooling developed in Europe and in China with an extension to evaluate the opportunity for natural ventilation. More specifically, the studied cooling solutions are: Natural Convective Cooling (NCC), Passive Evaporative Cooling (PEC), and Active Downdraught Cooling (ADC). The maps o...
A decision support system to design water supply and sewer pipes replacement intervention programs
Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2021
Abstract Asset management in hydraulic infrastructures aims for the long-term sustainability of w... more Abstract Asset management in hydraulic infrastructures aims for the long-term sustainability of water distribution and wastewater networks. Strategic maintenance planning has thus been deeply analyzed in the literature for individual water and sewer pipes. However, water utilities do not plan and perform replacement activities on individual elements, but rather on coherent aggregations of neighboring pipes. We have developed a decision support system (DSS) to help water utilities design intervention programs for hydraulic infrastructures. It integrates a two-stage algorithm that groups water supply and sewer pipes into practical and efficient replacement works, based upon their proximity and their priority of renewal. A multi-objective genetic algorithm optimizes the work programs configurations while integrating the water company's strategic policy into an innovative multi-objective function. We have applied our methodology to a large water company in Spain and illustrated this application with a sensitivity analysis to determine how the company's strategic criteria influences the resulting work configurations.
Dirección y Organización, 2012
El presente artículo expone, primero desde de un punto de vista teórico y matemático, las bases d... more El presente artículo expone, primero desde de un punto de vista teórico y matemático, las bases de nuevo controlador para la optimización del despacho de ascensores en un edificio teniendo en cuenta lo que se denomina el tiempo relativo, es decir no sólo se tiene en cuenta el tiempo que una cabina tardaría en atender una llamada considerada, sino que además se tiene en cuenta el impacto (la modificación de los tiempos de espera) que esta opción de despacho tendría sobre las demás opciones. Finalmente la validez del algoritmo de despacho es ratificada mediante simulación.
Dirección y Organización, 2010
A través de la lógica difusa es posible detectar patrones de comportamiento que generalmente ocur... more A través de la lógica difusa es posible detectar patrones de comportamiento que generalmente ocurren en un edificio, en el caso de los sistemas de climatización, se pueden detectar situaciones en las que decidir entre maximizar el confort y/o maximizar el ahorro. Este artículo presenta una metodología para el ahorro de energía en estos sistemas, en función de la ocupación y la sensación de confort de sus ocupantes. Esta metodología proporciona información importante y útil para la selección del punto de ajuste del confort de las salas de un sistema de climatización central, sin necesidad de utilizar valores fijos basados en los programas horarios u otras metodologías.
A field study on adaptive thermal comfort in Spanish primary classrooms during summer season
Building and Environment, 2021
Abstract The assessment of indoor thermal comfort in schools has become an essential object of st... more Abstract The assessment of indoor thermal comfort in schools has become an essential object of study; however, applying existing thermal comfort criteria would assume children and adults have a similar range of thermal comfort, without considering discrepancies regarding their level of activity or their behavioural adaptation. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the thermal comfort in a school building based on an adaptive thermal comfort field study in Seville, in the southwest of Spain, during a summer season. In this study, 2 free-running and 1 air-conditioned classroom were analysed; 67 students aged 10–11 years participated and 2010 thermal questionnaires were collected. A discrepancy was observed between the predicted mean vote and the thermal sensation vote, showing the former is not a good predictor of thermal perception. Thermoneutrality was not always the desired sensation for children; a preference for coolness was detected. A neutral temperature was observed at an average indoor temperature of 24–27 °C and a widening in the thermal comfort range was detected compared with international standards. Regarding adaptive strategies, they showed a preference towards opening windows and doors over using fans or changing clothes. The results suggest that the application of the current models for adults would not be suitable for estimating the thermal comfort of children, and these data could be used to promote natural strategies for assessing thermal comfort over conditioning systems in schools, with the aim of both space ventilation and energy efficiency.
Dirección y Organización, 2019
El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la aplicabilidad del confort adaptativo a edificios escol... more El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la aplicabilidad del confort adaptativo a edificios escolares en el sur de España. Se busca comprender mejor la percepción del confort térmico, encontrar las posibilidades de ahorro energético y analizar las características de los estudios en los escolares y sus aptitudes conductuales relacionadas. Además, se propone la metodología más idónea y los tamaños de las muestras de los estudios hasta ahora desarrollados, para definir el desarrollo de un estudio de confort adaptativo para edificios escolares en Andalucía, estos estudios están dirigidos a conseguir alcanzar el máximo confort posible junto al ahorro energético.
Dirección y Organización, 2019
La enorme aceptación que la filosofía Lean Manufacturing ha tenido en la industria ha llevado a q... more La enorme aceptación que la filosofía Lean Manufacturing ha tenido en la industria ha llevado a que esta esté incluida en muchos planes de estudios de ingeniería industrial, normalmente en la intensificación de producción. El aprendizaje de la fabricación ajustada requiere un conocimiento previo de muchos conceptos de los sistemas de producción, además de una puesta en práctica de este conocimiento. Debido a que las prácticas en entornos reales no siempre son factibles en un entorno académico, se diseñó un método de enseñanza integrada donde la gamificación representaba un rol fundamental. Los resultados obtenidos, tanto de satisfacción de los alumnos como de logro en el alcance de competencias, han sido enormemente satisfactorios.Palabras clave: Gamificación, aprendizaje activo, sistemas de producción, cooperación con industria, lean manufacturing.
Annals of Operations Research, 2019
The decision making of a suitable heating, ventilating and air conditioning system's setpoint tem... more The decision making of a suitable heating, ventilating and air conditioning system's setpoint temperature is an energy and environmental challenge in our society. In the present paper, a general framework to define such temperature based on a dynamic adaptive comfort algorithm is proposed. Due to the fact that the thermal comfort of the occupants of a building has different ranges of acceptability, this method is applied to learn such comfort temperature with respect to the running mean temperature and therefore to decide the suitable range of indoor temperature. It is demonstrated that this solution allows to dynamically build an adaptive comfort algorithm, an algorithm based on the human being's thermal adaptability, without applying the traditional theory. The proposed methodology based on the K-Nearest-Neighbour algorithm was tested and compared with data from an experimental thermal comfort field study carried out in a mixed mode building in the southwestern area of Spain and with the Support Vector Machine method. The results show that K-Nearest-Neighbour algorithm represents the pattern of thermal comfort data better than the traditional solution and that it is a suitable method to learn the thermal comfort area of a building and to define the set-point temperature for a heating, ventilating and airconditioning system.
Applied Sciences, 2019
Designing a Zero Energy Building (ZEB) requires an optimal choice of the materials of a building ... more Designing a Zero Energy Building (ZEB) requires an optimal choice of the materials of a building envelope. Different material properties and window areas could be selected to generate a set of possibilities of the design of a building, being the demand defined by its thermal characteristics. The energy demand of a building could be produced with renewable systems such as photovoltaic. Moreover, the HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems could be selected considering the system cost. The present methodology focuses on finding a balance between investment and low energy consumption for a building, based on an integrated optimization method. Such methodology applies a Tabu search algorithm and a simplified model to select the passive design. Afterwards, active elements of the design, as photovoltaic systems, are selected. Therefore, the methodology faces the problem of estimating the annual energy demand and the life cycle cost. The goal is the design of a building w...
Building and Environment, 2018
The potential for application of downdraught cooling in the United States of America (U.S.) depen... more The potential for application of downdraught cooling in the United States of America (U.S.) depends on its climatic characteristics. However, due to the large geographic span of the country, it varies due to differences in latitude, and a range of geographic features influencing climate, including altitude, topography and terrain. This study describes the development of climatic applicability maps of downdraught cooling in the U.S., which can aid designers in the initial identification of the correct cooling strategy for the geographic area of interest. The proposed approach is based on a set of maps, which are derived from two related climatic indexes: dry bulb temperature to wet bulb temperature depression (DBT−WBT), representing the climatic opportunity, and 26ºC minus wet bulb temperature (26ºC−WBT), representing the climatic opportunity against the theoretical cooling requirement for each location. The downdraught cooling strategy and degree of applicability is classified in the map, based on the aforementioned climatic and cooling parameters. Finally, four representative buildings in four different regions with different climatic conditions were selected for climatic analysis. This resulted in the identification of some climate zones for downdraught cooling application in the U.S. and the suggestion of appropriate design strategies for each of them. Keywords: climatic applicability; downdraught cooling; dry bulb temperature; passive downdraught evaporative cooling; wet bulb temperature Highlights • New applicability maps of the potential for downdraught cooling in U.S. • Classification has been based on DBT-WBT, cooling degree hours and 26ºC-WBT indexes. • Four buildings showed that the applicability categories and maps are validated. • Climate zones for downdraught cooling application in the US is defined.
Building and Environment, 2017
The design of the mode of operation of heating, ventilation and airconditioning systems in office... more The design of the mode of operation of heating, ventilation and airconditioning systems in office buildings has become increasingly important in recent years. This is due mainly to their relationship, both with the comfort of their occupants and with energy efficiency. The adaptive thermal comfort theory addresses this problem by linking the indoor comfort temperature with the outside temperature. This idea represents a relaxation in the presence of strict setpoint temperatures. This results in a greater tolerance of the indoor environment and thus, in a wider range of acceptability on the part of the occupants of the buildings. Nonetheless, and although previous studies have been carried out on naturally ventilated buildings, there are no standards or application guides for hybrid buildings. This study shows the applicability of the adaptive model to hybrid buildings. An adaptive model for hybrid buildings is proposed, valid for both the free-running and air-conditioned modes, based on a field study carried out in the southwestern region of Spain. A total of 4.243 responses in mixed mode buildings and a total of 891 in air-conditioned building were collected over the period of a year. The comfort temperature in hybrid buildings was observed at an average operative temperature of 23.6°C. The results show the energy-saving potential of hybrid buildings, without foregoing the comfort of their occupants, and show that it would be possible to implement a law that optimizes the operation of conditioning systems and which would undoubtedly lead to greater energy efficiency in such buildings.
Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management, 2016
The presented work is done for a company that currently operates twenty lines of passenger transp... more The presented work is done for a company that currently operates twenty lines of passenger transport in the metropolitan area of Seville. The planning of these was originally carried out manually, building routes and shifts in an Excel spreadsheet. In order to automate the process as much as possible. It was designed and implemented by a scheduling algorithm that would be much simple than other algorithms in the literature and that, in addition, would make it possible to allow mixing vehicles and drivers between the lines. The objective was, firstly, to employ the minimum number of drivers; then, it is trying to use the least possible number of vehicles; finally, the study tries to reduce as much as possible the amount of split shifts. In addition, restrictions on the design of routes and shifts were added. At all times the service frequencies remained above the set limit. To allow the possibility of unexpected demand peaks, was established in the capacity of each route some slack.
Uploads
Papers by Pablo Aparicio Ruiz