Nowadays, multiagent systems have become a widely used technology in everyday life, and many auth... more Nowadays, multiagent systems have become a widely used technology in everyday life, and many authors have adopted the view of communication or interaction between agents as a joint activity regulated by means of dialogue games. Dialogue games are a set of communication rules that agents can combine in their complex interactions. In these games, uncertainty is an important problem that each agent faces when making decisions, especially in the absence of enough information. This paper focuses on the uncertainty in a particular type of dialogue games, namely argumentation-based negotiation. There exist several proposals on this type of dialogue games in the literature, and most of them are concerned with proposing protocols to show how agents can communicate with each other, and how arguments and offers can be generated, evaluated and exchanged. Nevertheless, none of them is directly targeting the agents' uncertainty about the exchanged arguments and how this uncertainty could be measured at each dialogue step to assist those agents make better decisions. The aim of this paper is to tackle this problem by defining a new set of uncertainty measures in negotiation dialogue games from an external agent's point of view. In particular, we introduce two types of uncertainty: Type I and Type II. Type I is about the uncertainty index of playing the right move. For this, we use Shannon entropy to measure: (i) the uncertainty index of the agent that he is selecting the right move at each dialogue step; and (ii) the uncertainty index of participating agents in the negotiation about the whole dialogue. This is done in two different ways; the first is by taking the average of the uncertainty index of all moves, and the second is by determining all possible dialogues and applying the general formula of Shannon entropy. Type II is about the uncertainty degree of the agent that the move will be accepted by the addressee. In this context, we introduce a new classification for the arguments based on their certainty to be accepted by the addressee.
In this paper, we develop a probabilistic approach to formally represent and reason about the int... more In this paper, we develop a probabilistic approach to formally represent and reason about the interaction between knowledge and social commitments in Multi-Agent Systems (MASs). Unlike existent approaches that address social commitments within the scope of agent to agent, our approach considers commitments among multiple agents as well. In particular, we introduce a new logic called the probabilistic logic of knowledge and commitment (PCTL$^{\textrm{kc+}}$). The logic we introduce combines a logic of knowledge and commitment (CTLKC$^+$) with a probabilistic branching-time logic (PCTL). We then extend the resulting logic by adding further operators for the group knowledge and group commitment so that different flavors of the interaction between the two concepts can be nicely captured and reasoned about. A major contribution of this paper is the semantics of group social commitment, which has not been considered in the literature. Target systems are modeled using a new extended versio...
2014 IEEE 26th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, 2014
In order to successfully achieve an agreement in negotiation dialogues, different negotiation str... more In order to successfully achieve an agreement in negotiation dialogues, different negotiation strategies and agent types should be considered. This paper proposes a framework for Argumentation-Based Negotiation (ABN) in which we introduce two main negotiation strategies, namely CONCESSION and ACCEPTANCE strategies as well as a new set of agent types. In particular, three concession and four acceptance strategies are proposed and analyzed, and based on the adopted strategies, negotiating agents are classified into twelve agent types. In each negotiation dialogue, each participant selects one concession and one acceptance strategy, which in turn confirms its type for that dialogue. The paper also discusses some important efficiency properties, such as completeness, Pareto optimality, and Nash equilibrium results with respect to the different agent types.
Nowadays, multiagent systems became a widely used technology in everyday life. More studies are n... more Nowadays, multiagent systems became a widely used technology in everyday life. More studies are needed to evaluate these systems from different aspects such as evaluating agent dialogues, the participants to these dialogues, and the protocols governing the dialogues, etc. In this paper, we define new measures for dialogue games from an external agent's point of view. In particular, two measurement sets are proposed: in the first set, we use Shannon entropy to measure the certainty index of the dialogue. This involves i) using Shannon entropy to measure the agent's certainty about each move during the dialogue; and ii) using Shannon entropy to measure the certainty of the agents about the whole dialogue with two different ways. The first way is by taking the average of the certainty index of all moves, and the second way is by determining all possible dialogues and applying the general formula of Shannon entropy. In the second set, we introduce two metrics: i) measuring the goodness of the agents in the real dialogue (i.e. the dialogue that effectively happened between the participants); and ii) measuring the farness of the agents from the right dialogue (i.e. the best dialogue that can be produced by two agents if they know the knowledge bases of each other). Many dialogue game types have been proposed in multiagent systems. In this paper, we focus on one specific type, namely quantitative negotiation such as bargaining.
a b s t r a c t Nowadays, multiagent systems have become a widely used technology in everyday lif... more a b s t r a c t Nowadays, multiagent systems have become a widely used technology in everyday life, and many authors have adopted the view of communication or interaction between agents as a joint activity regu-lated by means of dialogue games. Dialogue games are a set of communication rules that agents can com-bine in their complex interactions. In these games, uncertainty is an important problem that each agent faces when making decisions, especially in the absence of enough information. This paper focuses on the uncertainty in a particular type of dialogue games, namely argumentation-based negotiation. There exist several proposals on this type of dialogue games in the literature, and most of them are concerned with proposing protocols to show how agents can communicate with each other, and how arguments and offers can be generated, evaluated and exchanged. Nevertheless, none of them is directly targeting the agents' uncertainty about the exchanged arguments and how this unce...
Nowadays, multiagent systems have become a widely used technology in everyday life, and many auth... more Nowadays, multiagent systems have become a widely used technology in everyday life, and many authors have adopted the view of communication or interaction between agents as a joint activity regulated by means of dialogue games. Dialogue games are a set of communication rules that agents can combine in their complex interactions. In these games, uncertainty is an important problem that each agent faces when making decisions, especially in the absence of enough information. This paper focuses on the uncertainty in a particular type of dialogue games, namely argumentation-based negotiation. There exist several proposals on this type of dialogue games in the literature, and most of them are concerned with proposing protocols to show how agents can communicate with each other, and how arguments and offers can be generated, evaluated and exchanged. Nevertheless, none of them is directly targeting the agents' uncertainty about the exchanged arguments and how this uncertainty could be measured at each dialogue step to assist those agents make better decisions. The aim of this paper is to tackle this problem by defining a new set of uncertainty measures in negotiation dialogue games from an external agent's point of view. In particular, we introduce two types of uncertainty: Type I and Type II. Type I is about the uncertainty index of playing the right move. For this, we use Shannon entropy to measure: (i) the uncertainty index of the agent that he is selecting the right move at each dialogue step; and (ii) the uncertainty index of participating agents in the negotiation about the whole dialogue. This is done in two different ways; the first is by taking the average of the uncertainty index of all moves, and the second is by determining all possible dialogues and applying the general formula of Shannon entropy. Type II is about the uncertainty degree of the agent that the move will be accepted by the addressee. In this context, we introduce a new classification for the arguments based on their certainty to be accepted by the addressee.
In this paper, we develop a probabilistic approach to formally represent and reason about the int... more In this paper, we develop a probabilistic approach to formally represent and reason about the interaction between knowledge and social commitments in Multi-Agent Systems (MASs). Unlike existent approaches that address social commitments within the scope of agent to agent, our approach considers commitments among multiple agents as well. In particular, we introduce a new logic called the probabilistic logic of knowledge and commitment (PCTL$^{\textrm{kc+}}$). The logic we introduce combines a logic of knowledge and commitment (CTLKC$^+$) with a probabilistic branching-time logic (PCTL). We then extend the resulting logic by adding further operators for the group knowledge and group commitment so that different flavors of the interaction between the two concepts can be nicely captured and reasoned about. A major contribution of this paper is the semantics of group social commitment, which has not been considered in the literature. Target systems are modeled using a new extended versio...
2014 IEEE 26th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, 2014
In order to successfully achieve an agreement in negotiation dialogues, different negotiation str... more In order to successfully achieve an agreement in negotiation dialogues, different negotiation strategies and agent types should be considered. This paper proposes a framework for Argumentation-Based Negotiation (ABN) in which we introduce two main negotiation strategies, namely CONCESSION and ACCEPTANCE strategies as well as a new set of agent types. In particular, three concession and four acceptance strategies are proposed and analyzed, and based on the adopted strategies, negotiating agents are classified into twelve agent types. In each negotiation dialogue, each participant selects one concession and one acceptance strategy, which in turn confirms its type for that dialogue. The paper also discusses some important efficiency properties, such as completeness, Pareto optimality, and Nash equilibrium results with respect to the different agent types.
Nowadays, multiagent systems became a widely used technology in everyday life. More studies are n... more Nowadays, multiagent systems became a widely used technology in everyday life. More studies are needed to evaluate these systems from different aspects such as evaluating agent dialogues, the participants to these dialogues, and the protocols governing the dialogues, etc. In this paper, we define new measures for dialogue games from an external agent's point of view. In particular, two measurement sets are proposed: in the first set, we use Shannon entropy to measure the certainty index of the dialogue. This involves i) using Shannon entropy to measure the agent's certainty about each move during the dialogue; and ii) using Shannon entropy to measure the certainty of the agents about the whole dialogue with two different ways. The first way is by taking the average of the certainty index of all moves, and the second way is by determining all possible dialogues and applying the general formula of Shannon entropy. In the second set, we introduce two metrics: i) measuring the goodness of the agents in the real dialogue (i.e. the dialogue that effectively happened between the participants); and ii) measuring the farness of the agents from the right dialogue (i.e. the best dialogue that can be produced by two agents if they know the knowledge bases of each other). Many dialogue game types have been proposed in multiagent systems. In this paper, we focus on one specific type, namely quantitative negotiation such as bargaining.
a b s t r a c t Nowadays, multiagent systems have become a widely used technology in everyday lif... more a b s t r a c t Nowadays, multiagent systems have become a widely used technology in everyday life, and many authors have adopted the view of communication or interaction between agents as a joint activity regu-lated by means of dialogue games. Dialogue games are a set of communication rules that agents can com-bine in their complex interactions. In these games, uncertainty is an important problem that each agent faces when making decisions, especially in the absence of enough information. This paper focuses on the uncertainty in a particular type of dialogue games, namely argumentation-based negotiation. There exist several proposals on this type of dialogue games in the literature, and most of them are concerned with proposing protocols to show how agents can communicate with each other, and how arguments and offers can be generated, evaluated and exchanged. Nevertheless, none of them is directly targeting the agents' uncertainty about the exchanged arguments and how this unce...
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Papers by Omar Marey