Genetic variance, heritabilitv, and ex,pected response from selection are useful in devising alte... more Genetic variance, heritabilitv, and ex,pected response from selection are useful in devising alternative methods and criteria of selection. The obiectives of this study "^'ere to estimate these foT seed yaeld and Its components from 200 E^ populations involving 80 cultivars and lines of mostly small-seeded dry bush bean {Phaseolus vulgaris L.) of habits growth I. 11. and III of Middle-American, origin. , A11 cultivars and lines were crossed in eight sets of ten parents each in a Design II mating system. The F; populations, without parents, were evaluated in the field in a replicates-in-sets design at two locations in Colombia m 1983.
The Abstracts that follow are arranged by type of session (Posters fi rst, then Orals, Colloquia,... more The Abstracts that follow are arranged by type of session (Posters fi rst, then Orals, Colloquia, and Workshops). The Poster abstract numbers correspond to the Poster Board number at which the Poster will be presented. Cranberry plants exclusively utilize ammonium forms of nitrogen. Nitrifi cation of applied ammonium and subsequent leaching through sandy soils is a potential problem for growers. Peat, sand, and striped soils were collected in cranberry beds in central Wisconsin and soil pH was adjusted to 3.5, 4.5, or 5.5. Twenty-fi ve grams of dry soil was placed in fl asks and half the fl asks were sterilized. Distilled water was added to half of the samples, and the other half received 15 N-labeled ammonium. Flasks were incubated at 20°C for up to 70 days. Striped soils showed no nitrifi cation at pH 3.5 or 4.5 during the 70 day incubation. At pH 5.5, nitrifi cation began at 20 days and was almost complete at 70 days. Nitrifi cation did not occur at any pH in sandy soils. This research suggests that ammonium fertilizer applied to cranberry is likely taken up before nitrifi cation would occur. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multifl orum), which grows prolifi cally during the strawberry production season in the Gulf South, has the potential to serve as a living mulch if its growth is controlled. Sublethal dosages of Embark, a plant growth regulator, and the herbicides Poast and Rely were determined on ryegrass. Growth retardation was rated from 0 = none to 6 = dead. In 1993, all Poast dosages (1/8X -1X, where X = 8 ml•L -1 ) were lethal. Embark regulated ryegrass growth, but its study was discontinued because of the unlikelihood that it could be labeled for use on strawberries. Results of the 1994 study suggested that prime oil in the spray may cause an inordinate amount of vegetative browning. In 1995, three levels of oil (1/256X, 1/64X, and 1/32X, where X = 8 ml•L -1 ) were HORTSCIENCE, VOL. 32(3), JUNE 1997 428 used with each of four levels of Poast (0, 1/32, 1/64, and 1/128X). Increased levels of oil generally caused increased browning at each level of Poast, but no browning occurred where oil only was applied in the spray. In contrast to results in 1995, oil at 1/32X with no Poast caused considerable browning (score = 3.25) in 1996. The most desirable control (score = 2.75) was accomplished by a spray containing 1/128X Poast and 1/64X oil. The most desirable control by Rely (score = 3.25) was accomplished by 1/64 and 1/32X sprays. Rely is not labeled for strawberries although it is labeled for other fruit crops. Chemical names used: 2-[1-(ethoxylmino)buty1]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propy1]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1one (Poast); Paraffi n Base Petroleum Oil + polyol Fatty acid Esters (Prime oil); N- [2,4dimethyl-5-[[(trifl uoromethyl)-sulfony]amino]phenyl] acetamide (Embark); ammonium-Dl-homoalanin-4-yl-(methyl) phosphinate (Rely). A fi eld study was conducted to evaluate individual and collective infl uences of three soil moisture-supplementing practices (irrigation, incorporated peatmoss, and mulching) on root system development in 'Gulfcoast' southern highbush blueberries. Root growth was least in plants not mulched and greatest in plants receiving all three supplements. Ranking of individual treatments on root dry weight production was mulch > incorporated peatmoss = irrigation. Mulching resulted in uniform root distribution from the plant crown outward and in root growth concentrated in the upper 15 cm of soil. Other practices (peatmoss > irrigation) tended to concentrate the root system near the crown area and resulted (peatmoss = irrigation) in greater root depth. Soil moisture appeared to be the major factor infl uencing root distribution. Experiments were conducted to determine the temperatures at which different densities of INA bacteria incite ice crystallization on 'Totem' strawberry fl owers and to determine if there is a relationship between densities of INA bacteria on strawberry fl owers and fl oral injury. Primary fl owers were inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae at 10 6 cells/ml buffer, incubated at 25°C day/10°C night and 100% RH for 48 h, and exposed to -2.0°C. No ice nucleation occurred on these inoculated fl owers and all of the fl owers survived. However, when inoculated fl owers were subjected to lower temperatures, ice nucleation occurred at -2.2°C and few of the fl owers survived. In contrast, ice crystals formed on the surface of most non-inoculated fl owers at -2.8°C and 21% of the fl owers survived exposure to -3.5°C. When INA bacterial densities were ≈10 5 colony forming units/g dry wt, fl oral injury occurred at a warmer temperature than to fl owers that had lower bacterial densities. Apartado Postal No. 125, Caborca, Son.
The major cultivated potato, Solanum tuberosum, and six other related cultivated species, are hyp... more The major cultivated potato, Solanum tuberosum, and six other related cultivated species, are hypothesized to have arisen from a group of weedy relatives indigenous to the central Andes of central Peru, Bolivia, and northern Argentina. A major problem hindering investigations of the origins of the cultivated species has been a continuing debate over the species boundaries of their putative progenitors. This study investigated the morphological phenetic species boundaries of these putative progenitors and five cultivated taxa, here collectively referred to as the Solanum brevicaule complex. Two hundred fifteen accessions of 30 taxa in the S. brevicaule complex and 42 accessions of six taxa outside of the complex were assessed for 53 morphological traits in replicate plots in a common garden, resulting in a total of over 81 000 data points. Phenetic analyses of these data are unable to support 30 taxa, suggesting instead a single variable complex at best only weakly divided into three widely intergrading sets of populations: (1) Peruvian and geographically adjacent Bolivian accessions (including wild species and all the cultigens), (2) Bolivian and Argentinian accessions and S. verrucosum from Mexico (including only wild species), and (3) the Bolivian and Argentinian wild species S. oplocense. These and other data suggest that Hawkes's 1990 treatment (The Potato: Evolution, Biodiversity, and Genetic Resources, Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington, DC.) of 232 morphological species is an overestimate for sect. Petota.
To assess nutritional potential, pod yield, and Ca concentration of pods and foliage were determi... more To assess nutritional potential, pod yield, and Ca concentration of pods and foliage were determined for a snap bean population, which included sixty S 1 families plus four commercial varieties. The experimental design was an 8 × 8 double lattice, repeated at two locations (Arlington and Hancock, Wis.). Snap beans were planted in June 1993 and machine harvested in August 1993. Calcium analyses were made using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Significant differences were detected in pod Ca concentration and yield among the S 1 families. Pod size and Ca concentration were inversely correlated (R 2 = 0.88). Distinct differences between the locations were not observed, and higher Ca genotypes remained high regardless of location or pod size. Low correlation (R 2 = 0.21) between pod and leaf Ca concentration was found. Pods of certain genotypes appeared to have the ability to import Ca more efficiently than others, but this factor was not related to yield.
HortScience: a publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science
The Abstracts that follow are arranged by type of session (Posters fi rst, then Orals, Colloquia,... more The Abstracts that follow are arranged by type of session (Posters fi rst, then Orals, Colloquia, and Workshops). The Poster abstract numbers correspond to the Poster Board number at which the Poster will be presented. Cranberry plants exclusively utilize ammonium forms of nitrogen. Nitrifi cation of applied ammonium and subsequent leaching through sandy soils is a potential problem for growers. Peat, sand, and striped soils were collected in cranberry beds in central Wisconsin and soil pH was adjusted to 3.5, 4.5, or 5.5. Twenty-fi ve grams of dry soil was placed in fl asks and half the fl asks were sterilized. Distilled water was added to half of the samples, and the other half received 15 N-labeled ammonium. Flasks were incubated at 20°C for up to 70 days. Striped soils showed no nitrifi cation at pH 3.5 or 4.5 during the 70 day incubation. At pH 5.5, nitrifi cation began at 20 days and was almost complete at 70 days. Nitrifi cation did not occur at any pH in sandy soils. This research suggests that ammonium fertilizer applied to cranberry is likely taken up before nitrifi cation would occur. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multifl orum), which grows prolifi cally during the strawberry production season in the Gulf South, has the potential to serve as a living mulch if its growth is controlled. Sublethal dosages of Embark, a plant growth regulator, and the herbicides Poast and Rely were determined on ryegrass. Growth retardation was rated from 0 = none to 6 = dead. In 1993, all Poast dosages (1/8X -1X, where X = 8 ml•L -1 ) were lethal. Embark regulated ryegrass growth, but its study was discontinued because of the unlikelihood that it could be labeled for use on strawberries. Results of the 1994 study suggested that prime oil in the spray may cause an inordinate amount of vegetative browning. In 1995, three levels of oil (1/256X, 1/64X, and 1/32X, where X = 8 ml•L -1 ) were HORTSCIENCE, VOL. 32(3), JUNE 1997 428 used with each of four levels of Poast (0, 1/32, 1/64, and 1/128X). Increased levels of oil generally caused increased browning at each level of Poast, but no browning occurred where oil only was applied in the spray. In contrast to results in 1995, oil at 1/32X with no Poast caused considerable browning (score = 3.25) in 1996. The most desirable control (score = 2.75) was accomplished by a spray containing 1/128X Poast and 1/64X oil. The most desirable control by Rely (score = 3.25) was accomplished by 1/64 and 1/32X sprays. Rely is not labeled for strawberries although it is labeled for other fruit crops. Chemical names used: 2-[1-(ethoxylmino)buty1]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propy1]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1one (Poast); Paraffi n Base Petroleum Oil + polyol Fatty acid Esters (Prime oil); N- [2,4dimethyl-5-[[(trifl uoromethyl)-sulfony]amino]phenyl] acetamide (Embark); ammonium-Dl-homoalanin-4-yl-(methyl) phosphinate (Rely). A fi eld study was conducted to evaluate individual and collective infl uences of three soil moisture-supplementing practices (irrigation, incorporated peatmoss, and mulching) on root system development in 'Gulfcoast' southern highbush blueberries. Root growth was least in plants not mulched and greatest in plants receiving all three supplements. Ranking of individual treatments on root dry weight production was mulch > incorporated peatmoss = irrigation. Mulching resulted in uniform root distribution from the plant crown outward and in root growth concentrated in the upper 15 cm of soil. Other practices (peatmoss > irrigation) tended to concentrate the root system near the crown area and resulted (peatmoss = irrigation) in greater root depth. Soil moisture appeared to be the major factor infl uencing root distribution. Experiments were conducted to determine the temperatures at which different densities of INA bacteria incite ice crystallization on 'Totem' strawberry fl owers and to determine if there is a relationship between densities of INA bacteria on strawberry fl owers and fl oral injury. Primary fl owers were inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae at 10 6 cells/ml buffer, incubated at 25°C day/10°C night and 100% RH for 48 h, and exposed to -2.0°C. No ice nucleation occurred on these inoculated fl owers and all of the fl owers survived. However, when inoculated fl owers were subjected to lower temperatures, ice nucleation occurred at -2.2°C and few of the fl owers survived. In contrast, ice crystals formed on the surface of most non-inoculated fl owers at -2.8°C and 21% of the fl owers survived exposure to -3.5°C. When INA bacterial densities were ≈10 5 colony forming units/g dry wt, fl oral injury occurred at a warmer temperature than to fl owers that had lower bacterial densities. Apartado Postal No. 125, Caborca, Son.
... However, an allelic test is needed to verify the identity of the gene mapped here as URPR 1. ... more ... However, an allelic test is needed to verify the identity of the gene mapped here as URPR 1. ... was associated with low BD and an upright habit. This marker accounted for 16% and 9'k of ... correlation (0.50) between PU and BD ratings. Plants with upright architecture and low BD ...
ABSTRACT A 45-year-old woman, known to have a congenital exstrophy ofthe bladder, for which she u... more ABSTRACT A 45-year-old woman, known to have a congenital exstrophy ofthe bladder, for which she underwent a ureterosigmoidostomy in her infancy, presented with fever. This was due to pyelonephritis, from which she recovered with antibiotic therapy. During colonoscopy a carcinoma of the sigmoid was found at the level of the anastomosis of the ureters. Patients with a ureterosigmoidostomy have a one hundred-fold increased risk of colon carcinoma compared to the general population. The development of malignant tumours as a long-term complication of this procedure is linked with the frequent contact between intestinal tissue and urine. Periodical colonoscopy of these patients is advised.
White mold is an important constraint of dry and snap bean production in the United States (Park ... more White mold is an important constraint of dry and snap bean production in the United States (Park et al, 2001). In snap bean, yield reductions due to white mold infection result in weakened stems which break along with attached pods during harvest and also due to discolored pods infected with fluffy mycelial growth (Kull et al., 2003). The objective of the research was to compare two types of greenhouse tests and field based methods to screen for resistance to white mold in snap bean. Correlations between field and greenhouse evaluations were measured using two populations that share a common white mold resistant donor parent, G122. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, GA, was derived from a cross between G122 and Astrel, a small sieve snap bean cultivar. An independent inbred backcross population (IBC), GPP, was derived from a cross between G122 and PLS8088, a large sieve processing snap bean cultivar. Field evaluations were performed at the Arlington, WI Agricultural Researc...
A major barrier to the use of nitrogen-fixing inoculum strains for the enhancement of legume prod... more A major barrier to the use of nitrogen-fixing inoculum strains for the enhancement of legume productivity is the inability of commercially available strains to compete with indigenous rhizobia for nodule formation. Despite extensive research on nodulation competitiveness, there are no examples of field efficacy studies of strains that have been genetically improved for nodulation competitiveness. We have shown previously that production of the peptide antibiotic trifolitoxin (TFX) by Rhizobium etli results in significantly increased nodule occupancy values in nonsterile soil in growth chamber experiments (E. A. Robleto, A. J. Scupham, and E. W. Triplett, Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 10:228-233, 1997). To determine whether TFX production by Rhizobium etli increases nodulation competitiveness in field-grown plants, seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris were inoculated with mixtures of Rhizobium etli strains at different ratios. The three nearly isogenic inoculum strains used included TFX-produc...
Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, Jan 16, 1998
A 74-year-old man suffering from hypertension had transient loss of strength in his left arm and ... more A 74-year-old man suffering from hypertension had transient loss of strength in his left arm and leg. His severe hypertensive spells were caused by high-pressure chronic bladder retention. The patient had benign hyperplasia of the prostate for which transvesical enucleation was performed. The blood pressure then returned to normal. The transient neurological deficits had probably been caused by the abrupt blood pressure changes. In older male patients the possibility of this reversible cause of hypertension should be kept in mind.
A culture-independent survey of the soil microbial diversity in a clover-grass pasture in souther... more A culture-independent survey of the soil microbial diversity in a clover-grass pasture in southern Wisconsin was conducted by sequence analysis of a universal clone library of genes coding for small-subunit rRNA (rDNA). A rapid and efficient method for extraction of DNA from soils which resulted in highly purified DNA with minimal shearing was developed. Universal small-subunit-rRNA primers were used to amplify DNA extracted from the pasture soil. The PCR products were cloned into pGEM-T, and either hypervariable or conserved regions were sequenced. The relationships of 124 sequences to those of cultured organisms of known phylogeny were determined. Of the 124 clones sequenced, 98.4% were from the domain Bacteria. Two of the rDNA sequences were derived from eukaryotic organelles. Two of the 124 sequences were of nuclear origin, one being fungal and the other a plant sequence. No sequences of the domain Archaea were found. Within the domain, Bacteria, three kingdoms were highly repre...
We evaluated chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), isozymes, single to low-copy nuclear DNA (RFLPs), and rando... more We evaluated chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), isozymes, single to low-copy nuclear DNA (RFLPs), and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) in terms of concordance for genetic distance of IS accessions each of Solanum etuberosum and S. palustre, and 4 accessions of S. fernandezianum. These self-compatible, diploid (2n=24), and morphologically very similar taxa constitute all species in Solanum sect. Etuberosum, a group of nontuber-bearing species closely related to Solanum sect. Petota (the potato and its wild relatives). Genetic distance and multidimentional scaling results show general concordance of isozymes, RFLPs and RAPDs between all three taxa; cpDNA shows S. etuberosum and S. palustre to be more similar to each other than to S.fernandezianum. Interspecific sampling variance shows a gradation of resolution from allozyme (low) to RAPD to RFLP (high); while intraspecific comparisons graded from RFLPs (low) to RAPDs (high; lack of sufficient allozyme variability within species precluded comparisons for allozymes). Experimental error was low in RFLPs and RAPDs.
... The AVRDC also supports a pepper breeding program which devel-ops improved hot and sweet pepp... more ... The AVRDC also supports a pepper breeding program which devel-ops improved hot and sweet pepper cultivars adapted to tropical and subtropical regions. ... 5 C00330-1 Cili Putih KelantanMalaysia C. annuum 6 C00377 No. ... 78 PBC0079 8209-1 o!spring USA C. annuum ...
Recurrent selection for specific combining ability (RS-SCA) and S1 family performance (RS-S1) wer... more Recurrent selection for specific combining ability (RS-SCA) and S1 family performance (RS-S1) were compared in replicated selection programs initiated from a common C0 base population of Arabidopsis. Three cycles of selection for aerial biomass were completed in each of two replicate programs of each selection method. Response to selection was measured on the basis of per se, S1 progeny, and
... bean types with extreme differences in growth habit and seed size is achieved easily, generat... more ... bean types with extreme differences in growth habit and seed size is achieved easily, generating large genetic variation in segregat-mg populations, most of the recombinations are of inferior performance to the parents themselves (EVA.NS 1970, SINGH and GUTIERREZ 1984 ...
... previous-ly to map homologous RFLP loci in four segregating B. oleracea populations (Kian-ian... more ... previous-ly to map homologous RFLP loci in four segregating B. oleracea populations (Kian-ian and Quiros ... the SI reaction may result from the concerted action or interaction of several loci (Kianian and Quiros ... Ali-quots of 5 jig DNA were digested over-night at 37°C with either ...
Genetic variance, heritabilitv, and ex,pected response from selection are useful in devising alte... more Genetic variance, heritabilitv, and ex,pected response from selection are useful in devising alternative methods and criteria of selection. The obiectives of this study "^'ere to estimate these foT seed yaeld and Its components from 200 E^ populations involving 80 cultivars and lines of mostly small-seeded dry bush bean {Phaseolus vulgaris L.) of habits growth I. 11. and III of Middle-American, origin. , A11 cultivars and lines were crossed in eight sets of ten parents each in a Design II mating system. The F; populations, without parents, were evaluated in the field in a replicates-in-sets design at two locations in Colombia m 1983.
The Abstracts that follow are arranged by type of session (Posters fi rst, then Orals, Colloquia,... more The Abstracts that follow are arranged by type of session (Posters fi rst, then Orals, Colloquia, and Workshops). The Poster abstract numbers correspond to the Poster Board number at which the Poster will be presented. Cranberry plants exclusively utilize ammonium forms of nitrogen. Nitrifi cation of applied ammonium and subsequent leaching through sandy soils is a potential problem for growers. Peat, sand, and striped soils were collected in cranberry beds in central Wisconsin and soil pH was adjusted to 3.5, 4.5, or 5.5. Twenty-fi ve grams of dry soil was placed in fl asks and half the fl asks were sterilized. Distilled water was added to half of the samples, and the other half received 15 N-labeled ammonium. Flasks were incubated at 20°C for up to 70 days. Striped soils showed no nitrifi cation at pH 3.5 or 4.5 during the 70 day incubation. At pH 5.5, nitrifi cation began at 20 days and was almost complete at 70 days. Nitrifi cation did not occur at any pH in sandy soils. This research suggests that ammonium fertilizer applied to cranberry is likely taken up before nitrifi cation would occur. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multifl orum), which grows prolifi cally during the strawberry production season in the Gulf South, has the potential to serve as a living mulch if its growth is controlled. Sublethal dosages of Embark, a plant growth regulator, and the herbicides Poast and Rely were determined on ryegrass. Growth retardation was rated from 0 = none to 6 = dead. In 1993, all Poast dosages (1/8X -1X, where X = 8 ml•L -1 ) were lethal. Embark regulated ryegrass growth, but its study was discontinued because of the unlikelihood that it could be labeled for use on strawberries. Results of the 1994 study suggested that prime oil in the spray may cause an inordinate amount of vegetative browning. In 1995, three levels of oil (1/256X, 1/64X, and 1/32X, where X = 8 ml•L -1 ) were HORTSCIENCE, VOL. 32(3), JUNE 1997 428 used with each of four levels of Poast (0, 1/32, 1/64, and 1/128X). Increased levels of oil generally caused increased browning at each level of Poast, but no browning occurred where oil only was applied in the spray. In contrast to results in 1995, oil at 1/32X with no Poast caused considerable browning (score = 3.25) in 1996. The most desirable control (score = 2.75) was accomplished by a spray containing 1/128X Poast and 1/64X oil. The most desirable control by Rely (score = 3.25) was accomplished by 1/64 and 1/32X sprays. Rely is not labeled for strawberries although it is labeled for other fruit crops. Chemical names used: 2-[1-(ethoxylmino)buty1]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propy1]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1one (Poast); Paraffi n Base Petroleum Oil + polyol Fatty acid Esters (Prime oil); N- [2,4dimethyl-5-[[(trifl uoromethyl)-sulfony]amino]phenyl] acetamide (Embark); ammonium-Dl-homoalanin-4-yl-(methyl) phosphinate (Rely). A fi eld study was conducted to evaluate individual and collective infl uences of three soil moisture-supplementing practices (irrigation, incorporated peatmoss, and mulching) on root system development in 'Gulfcoast' southern highbush blueberries. Root growth was least in plants not mulched and greatest in plants receiving all three supplements. Ranking of individual treatments on root dry weight production was mulch > incorporated peatmoss = irrigation. Mulching resulted in uniform root distribution from the plant crown outward and in root growth concentrated in the upper 15 cm of soil. Other practices (peatmoss > irrigation) tended to concentrate the root system near the crown area and resulted (peatmoss = irrigation) in greater root depth. Soil moisture appeared to be the major factor infl uencing root distribution. Experiments were conducted to determine the temperatures at which different densities of INA bacteria incite ice crystallization on 'Totem' strawberry fl owers and to determine if there is a relationship between densities of INA bacteria on strawberry fl owers and fl oral injury. Primary fl owers were inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae at 10 6 cells/ml buffer, incubated at 25°C day/10°C night and 100% RH for 48 h, and exposed to -2.0°C. No ice nucleation occurred on these inoculated fl owers and all of the fl owers survived. However, when inoculated fl owers were subjected to lower temperatures, ice nucleation occurred at -2.2°C and few of the fl owers survived. In contrast, ice crystals formed on the surface of most non-inoculated fl owers at -2.8°C and 21% of the fl owers survived exposure to -3.5°C. When INA bacterial densities were ≈10 5 colony forming units/g dry wt, fl oral injury occurred at a warmer temperature than to fl owers that had lower bacterial densities. Apartado Postal No. 125, Caborca, Son.
The major cultivated potato, Solanum tuberosum, and six other related cultivated species, are hyp... more The major cultivated potato, Solanum tuberosum, and six other related cultivated species, are hypothesized to have arisen from a group of weedy relatives indigenous to the central Andes of central Peru, Bolivia, and northern Argentina. A major problem hindering investigations of the origins of the cultivated species has been a continuing debate over the species boundaries of their putative progenitors. This study investigated the morphological phenetic species boundaries of these putative progenitors and five cultivated taxa, here collectively referred to as the Solanum brevicaule complex. Two hundred fifteen accessions of 30 taxa in the S. brevicaule complex and 42 accessions of six taxa outside of the complex were assessed for 53 morphological traits in replicate plots in a common garden, resulting in a total of over 81 000 data points. Phenetic analyses of these data are unable to support 30 taxa, suggesting instead a single variable complex at best only weakly divided into three widely intergrading sets of populations: (1) Peruvian and geographically adjacent Bolivian accessions (including wild species and all the cultigens), (2) Bolivian and Argentinian accessions and S. verrucosum from Mexico (including only wild species), and (3) the Bolivian and Argentinian wild species S. oplocense. These and other data suggest that Hawkes's 1990 treatment (The Potato: Evolution, Biodiversity, and Genetic Resources, Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington, DC.) of 232 morphological species is an overestimate for sect. Petota.
To assess nutritional potential, pod yield, and Ca concentration of pods and foliage were determi... more To assess nutritional potential, pod yield, and Ca concentration of pods and foliage were determined for a snap bean population, which included sixty S 1 families plus four commercial varieties. The experimental design was an 8 × 8 double lattice, repeated at two locations (Arlington and Hancock, Wis.). Snap beans were planted in June 1993 and machine harvested in August 1993. Calcium analyses were made using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Significant differences were detected in pod Ca concentration and yield among the S 1 families. Pod size and Ca concentration were inversely correlated (R 2 = 0.88). Distinct differences between the locations were not observed, and higher Ca genotypes remained high regardless of location or pod size. Low correlation (R 2 = 0.21) between pod and leaf Ca concentration was found. Pods of certain genotypes appeared to have the ability to import Ca more efficiently than others, but this factor was not related to yield.
HortScience: a publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science
The Abstracts that follow are arranged by type of session (Posters fi rst, then Orals, Colloquia,... more The Abstracts that follow are arranged by type of session (Posters fi rst, then Orals, Colloquia, and Workshops). The Poster abstract numbers correspond to the Poster Board number at which the Poster will be presented. Cranberry plants exclusively utilize ammonium forms of nitrogen. Nitrifi cation of applied ammonium and subsequent leaching through sandy soils is a potential problem for growers. Peat, sand, and striped soils were collected in cranberry beds in central Wisconsin and soil pH was adjusted to 3.5, 4.5, or 5.5. Twenty-fi ve grams of dry soil was placed in fl asks and half the fl asks were sterilized. Distilled water was added to half of the samples, and the other half received 15 N-labeled ammonium. Flasks were incubated at 20°C for up to 70 days. Striped soils showed no nitrifi cation at pH 3.5 or 4.5 during the 70 day incubation. At pH 5.5, nitrifi cation began at 20 days and was almost complete at 70 days. Nitrifi cation did not occur at any pH in sandy soils. This research suggests that ammonium fertilizer applied to cranberry is likely taken up before nitrifi cation would occur. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multifl orum), which grows prolifi cally during the strawberry production season in the Gulf South, has the potential to serve as a living mulch if its growth is controlled. Sublethal dosages of Embark, a plant growth regulator, and the herbicides Poast and Rely were determined on ryegrass. Growth retardation was rated from 0 = none to 6 = dead. In 1993, all Poast dosages (1/8X -1X, where X = 8 ml•L -1 ) were lethal. Embark regulated ryegrass growth, but its study was discontinued because of the unlikelihood that it could be labeled for use on strawberries. Results of the 1994 study suggested that prime oil in the spray may cause an inordinate amount of vegetative browning. In 1995, three levels of oil (1/256X, 1/64X, and 1/32X, where X = 8 ml•L -1 ) were HORTSCIENCE, VOL. 32(3), JUNE 1997 428 used with each of four levels of Poast (0, 1/32, 1/64, and 1/128X). Increased levels of oil generally caused increased browning at each level of Poast, but no browning occurred where oil only was applied in the spray. In contrast to results in 1995, oil at 1/32X with no Poast caused considerable browning (score = 3.25) in 1996. The most desirable control (score = 2.75) was accomplished by a spray containing 1/128X Poast and 1/64X oil. The most desirable control by Rely (score = 3.25) was accomplished by 1/64 and 1/32X sprays. Rely is not labeled for strawberries although it is labeled for other fruit crops. Chemical names used: 2-[1-(ethoxylmino)buty1]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propy1]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1one (Poast); Paraffi n Base Petroleum Oil + polyol Fatty acid Esters (Prime oil); N- [2,4dimethyl-5-[[(trifl uoromethyl)-sulfony]amino]phenyl] acetamide (Embark); ammonium-Dl-homoalanin-4-yl-(methyl) phosphinate (Rely). A fi eld study was conducted to evaluate individual and collective infl uences of three soil moisture-supplementing practices (irrigation, incorporated peatmoss, and mulching) on root system development in 'Gulfcoast' southern highbush blueberries. Root growth was least in plants not mulched and greatest in plants receiving all three supplements. Ranking of individual treatments on root dry weight production was mulch > incorporated peatmoss = irrigation. Mulching resulted in uniform root distribution from the plant crown outward and in root growth concentrated in the upper 15 cm of soil. Other practices (peatmoss > irrigation) tended to concentrate the root system near the crown area and resulted (peatmoss = irrigation) in greater root depth. Soil moisture appeared to be the major factor infl uencing root distribution. Experiments were conducted to determine the temperatures at which different densities of INA bacteria incite ice crystallization on 'Totem' strawberry fl owers and to determine if there is a relationship between densities of INA bacteria on strawberry fl owers and fl oral injury. Primary fl owers were inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae at 10 6 cells/ml buffer, incubated at 25°C day/10°C night and 100% RH for 48 h, and exposed to -2.0°C. No ice nucleation occurred on these inoculated fl owers and all of the fl owers survived. However, when inoculated fl owers were subjected to lower temperatures, ice nucleation occurred at -2.2°C and few of the fl owers survived. In contrast, ice crystals formed on the surface of most non-inoculated fl owers at -2.8°C and 21% of the fl owers survived exposure to -3.5°C. When INA bacterial densities were ≈10 5 colony forming units/g dry wt, fl oral injury occurred at a warmer temperature than to fl owers that had lower bacterial densities. Apartado Postal No. 125, Caborca, Son.
... However, an allelic test is needed to verify the identity of the gene mapped here as URPR 1. ... more ... However, an allelic test is needed to verify the identity of the gene mapped here as URPR 1. ... was associated with low BD and an upright habit. This marker accounted for 16% and 9'k of ... correlation (0.50) between PU and BD ratings. Plants with upright architecture and low BD ...
ABSTRACT A 45-year-old woman, known to have a congenital exstrophy ofthe bladder, for which she u... more ABSTRACT A 45-year-old woman, known to have a congenital exstrophy ofthe bladder, for which she underwent a ureterosigmoidostomy in her infancy, presented with fever. This was due to pyelonephritis, from which she recovered with antibiotic therapy. During colonoscopy a carcinoma of the sigmoid was found at the level of the anastomosis of the ureters. Patients with a ureterosigmoidostomy have a one hundred-fold increased risk of colon carcinoma compared to the general population. The development of malignant tumours as a long-term complication of this procedure is linked with the frequent contact between intestinal tissue and urine. Periodical colonoscopy of these patients is advised.
White mold is an important constraint of dry and snap bean production in the United States (Park ... more White mold is an important constraint of dry and snap bean production in the United States (Park et al, 2001). In snap bean, yield reductions due to white mold infection result in weakened stems which break along with attached pods during harvest and also due to discolored pods infected with fluffy mycelial growth (Kull et al., 2003). The objective of the research was to compare two types of greenhouse tests and field based methods to screen for resistance to white mold in snap bean. Correlations between field and greenhouse evaluations were measured using two populations that share a common white mold resistant donor parent, G122. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, GA, was derived from a cross between G122 and Astrel, a small sieve snap bean cultivar. An independent inbred backcross population (IBC), GPP, was derived from a cross between G122 and PLS8088, a large sieve processing snap bean cultivar. Field evaluations were performed at the Arlington, WI Agricultural Researc...
A major barrier to the use of nitrogen-fixing inoculum strains for the enhancement of legume prod... more A major barrier to the use of nitrogen-fixing inoculum strains for the enhancement of legume productivity is the inability of commercially available strains to compete with indigenous rhizobia for nodule formation. Despite extensive research on nodulation competitiveness, there are no examples of field efficacy studies of strains that have been genetically improved for nodulation competitiveness. We have shown previously that production of the peptide antibiotic trifolitoxin (TFX) by Rhizobium etli results in significantly increased nodule occupancy values in nonsterile soil in growth chamber experiments (E. A. Robleto, A. J. Scupham, and E. W. Triplett, Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 10:228-233, 1997). To determine whether TFX production by Rhizobium etli increases nodulation competitiveness in field-grown plants, seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris were inoculated with mixtures of Rhizobium etli strains at different ratios. The three nearly isogenic inoculum strains used included TFX-produc...
Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, Jan 16, 1998
A 74-year-old man suffering from hypertension had transient loss of strength in his left arm and ... more A 74-year-old man suffering from hypertension had transient loss of strength in his left arm and leg. His severe hypertensive spells were caused by high-pressure chronic bladder retention. The patient had benign hyperplasia of the prostate for which transvesical enucleation was performed. The blood pressure then returned to normal. The transient neurological deficits had probably been caused by the abrupt blood pressure changes. In older male patients the possibility of this reversible cause of hypertension should be kept in mind.
A culture-independent survey of the soil microbial diversity in a clover-grass pasture in souther... more A culture-independent survey of the soil microbial diversity in a clover-grass pasture in southern Wisconsin was conducted by sequence analysis of a universal clone library of genes coding for small-subunit rRNA (rDNA). A rapid and efficient method for extraction of DNA from soils which resulted in highly purified DNA with minimal shearing was developed. Universal small-subunit-rRNA primers were used to amplify DNA extracted from the pasture soil. The PCR products were cloned into pGEM-T, and either hypervariable or conserved regions were sequenced. The relationships of 124 sequences to those of cultured organisms of known phylogeny were determined. Of the 124 clones sequenced, 98.4% were from the domain Bacteria. Two of the rDNA sequences were derived from eukaryotic organelles. Two of the 124 sequences were of nuclear origin, one being fungal and the other a plant sequence. No sequences of the domain Archaea were found. Within the domain, Bacteria, three kingdoms were highly repre...
We evaluated chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), isozymes, single to low-copy nuclear DNA (RFLPs), and rando... more We evaluated chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), isozymes, single to low-copy nuclear DNA (RFLPs), and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) in terms of concordance for genetic distance of IS accessions each of Solanum etuberosum and S. palustre, and 4 accessions of S. fernandezianum. These self-compatible, diploid (2n=24), and morphologically very similar taxa constitute all species in Solanum sect. Etuberosum, a group of nontuber-bearing species closely related to Solanum sect. Petota (the potato and its wild relatives). Genetic distance and multidimentional scaling results show general concordance of isozymes, RFLPs and RAPDs between all three taxa; cpDNA shows S. etuberosum and S. palustre to be more similar to each other than to S.fernandezianum. Interspecific sampling variance shows a gradation of resolution from allozyme (low) to RAPD to RFLP (high); while intraspecific comparisons graded from RFLPs (low) to RAPDs (high; lack of sufficient allozyme variability within species precluded comparisons for allozymes). Experimental error was low in RFLPs and RAPDs.
... The AVRDC also supports a pepper breeding program which devel-ops improved hot and sweet pepp... more ... The AVRDC also supports a pepper breeding program which devel-ops improved hot and sweet pepper cultivars adapted to tropical and subtropical regions. ... 5 C00330-1 Cili Putih KelantanMalaysia C. annuum 6 C00377 No. ... 78 PBC0079 8209-1 o!spring USA C. annuum ...
Recurrent selection for specific combining ability (RS-SCA) and S1 family performance (RS-S1) wer... more Recurrent selection for specific combining ability (RS-SCA) and S1 family performance (RS-S1) were compared in replicated selection programs initiated from a common C0 base population of Arabidopsis. Three cycles of selection for aerial biomass were completed in each of two replicate programs of each selection method. Response to selection was measured on the basis of per se, S1 progeny, and
... bean types with extreme differences in growth habit and seed size is achieved easily, generat... more ... bean types with extreme differences in growth habit and seed size is achieved easily, generating large genetic variation in segregat-mg populations, most of the recombinations are of inferior performance to the parents themselves (EVA.NS 1970, SINGH and GUTIERREZ 1984 ...
... previous-ly to map homologous RFLP loci in four segregating B. oleracea populations (Kian-ian... more ... previous-ly to map homologous RFLP loci in four segregating B. oleracea populations (Kian-ian and Quiros ... the SI reaction may result from the concerted action or interaction of several loci (Kianian and Quiros ... Ali-quots of 5 jig DNA were digested over-night at 37°C with either ...
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Papers by James Nienhuis