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Nicola Dragoni

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University of Trento

Nataliia Bielova

INRIA

The University of New Brunswick

Robert Dahlberg

Virginia Commonwealth University

Vasant G Honavar

Pennsylvania State University

I.V. Ramakrishnan

SUNY: Stony Brook University

University of Toronto

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Papers by Nicola Dragoni

Security-by-contract: Toward a semantics for digital signatures on mobile code, in: European PKI Workshop: Theory and Practice (to appear

In this paper we propose the notion of security-by-contract, a mobile contract that an applicatio... more In this paper we propose the notion of security-by-contract, a mobile contract that an application carries with itself. The key idea of the framework is that a digital signature should not just certify the origin of the code but rather bind together the code with a contract. We provide a description of the overall lifecycle of mobile code in the setting of security-by-contract, describe a tentative structure for a contractual language and propose a number of algorithms for one of the key steps in the process, the contract-policy matching issue. We argue that security-by-contract would provide a semantics for digital signatures on mobile code thus being a step in the transition from trusted code to trustworthy code. 1

Security-by-contract (SxC) for software and services of mobile systems

In this chapter we propose the security-by-contract (SxC) framework and its techno-logical implem... more In this chapter we propose the security-by-contract (SxC) framework and its techno-logical implementation for trusted deployment and execution of communicating mobile applications in heterogeneous environments. The objective is to build the basis for the opening of the software market of nomadic devices (from smart phones to PDA) to third party applications. The intuition of SxC is that applications should come equipped with a security contract (as in programming-by-contract [4]). In a nutshell, a contract describes the security relevant interactions that the mobile application could have with the mobile device. The contract should be accepted by the platform (if compatible with the pol-icy) at deployment time, and its enforcement guaranteed either by static analysis at development time or by monitoring at run time. This paradigm will not replace, but enhance today's security mechanisms, and will provide a exible, simple and scalable security mechanism for future mobile systems.

Securing Off-Card Contract-Policy Matching in Security-By-Contract for Multi-Application Smart Cards

The Security-by-Contract (S×C) framework has recently been proposed to support applications' ... more The Security-by-Contract (S×C) framework has recently been proposed to support applications' evolution in multi-application smart cards. The key idea is based on the notion of contract, a specification of the security behavior of an application that must be compliant with the security policy of a smart card. In this paper we address one of the key features needed to apply the S×C idea to a resource limited device such as a smart card, namely the outsourcing of the contract-policy matching to a Trusted Third Party. The design of the overall system as well as a first implemented prototype are presented.

A Security-by-Contract Architecture for Pervasive Services

by Christian Schaefer and Nicola Dragoni

Third International Workshop on Security, Privacy and Trust in Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (SecPerU 2007), 2007

Future pervasive environments will by characterised by pervasive client downloads: new (untrusted... more

COMPUTING SCIENCE A Case Study of Workflow Reconfiguration: Design, Modelling, Analysis and Implementation

This paper describes a case study involving interference between application activities and recon... more This paper describes a case study involving interference between application activities and reconfiguration activities in an office workflow. We state the requirements on a system implementing the workflow and its reconfiguration, and describe the system's design in BPMN. We then use a number of computational formalisms of different kinds, including VDM and an asynchronous pi-calculus, to model the design and verify whether or not it will meet the requirements. In the process, we evaluate the formalisms for their suitability for the modelling and analysis of dynamic reconfiguration of dependable systems. We include in the evaluation, two process algebras we have been developing, namely, Webpi and CCSdp. Finally, we give an implementation of the system in BPEL.

Sustainable performance in energy harvesting

Proceedings of the the fourth international conference on Future energy systems - e-Energy '13, 2013

ABSTRACT In this practical demo we illustrate the concept of &quot;sustainable performance&am... more ABSTRACT In this practical demo we illustrate the concept of &quot;sustainable performance&quot; in Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks (EH-WSNs). In particular, for different classes of applications and under several energy harvesting scenarios, we show how it is possible to have sustainable performance when nodes in the network are powered by ambient energy.

High-level algorithms and data structures requirements for security-by-contract on Java cards

International Journal of Critical Computer-Based Systems, 2012

ABSTRACT The Java Card technology has progressed to the point of running web servers and web clie... more ABSTRACT The Java Card technology has progressed to the point of running web servers and web clients on a smart card. Yet concrete deployments of multi-applications smart cards have remained extremely rare because the business model of the asynchronous download and update of applications by different parties requires the control of interactions among possible applications after the card has been fielded. The current security models and techniques do not support this type of evolution. We propose in this paper to apply the notion of security-by-contract (S×C), that is a specification of security-related behaviour of an application that must be compliant with the security policy of the hosting platform. This compliance can be checked at the application loading time, avoiding in this way the need of costly runtime monitoring. We show how S×C can be used to prevent illegal information exchange among applications on a single smart card platform in presence of dynamic changes on the card.

ODMAC

Proceedings of the 8th ACM Symposium on Performance evaluation of wireless ad hoc, sensor, and ubiquitous networks - PE-WASUN '11, 2011

(SC)²: A System to Secure Off-Card Contract-Policy Matching in Security-by-Contract for Open Multi-application Smart Cards

2011 IEEE International Symposium on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks, 2011

The Security-by-Contract (S C) framework has recently been proposed to support software evolution... more The Security-by-Contract (S C) framework has recently been proposed to support software evolution in open multi-application smart cards. The key idea lies in the notion of contract, a specification of the security behavior of an application that must be compliant with the security policy of the smart card hosting the application. In this demonstration we show (SC) 2 (Secure Communication

Security-by-Contract for Web Services or How to Trade Credentials for Services

The classical approach to access control of Web Services is to present a number of credentials fo... more The classical approach to access control of Web Services is to present a number of credentials for the access to a ser- vice and possibly negotiate their disclosure using a suitable negotiation protocol and a policy to protect them. In practice a "Web Service" is not really a single service but rather a set of services that can be accessed

Decision Making in Fund Raising Management:a Knowledge Based Approach

We propose a knowledge based decision support system for fund raising management, which uses fuzz... more We propose a knowledge based decision support system for fund raising management, which uses fuzzy logic to evaluate the most promising strategies. Our approach exploits economic modelling and operational results, which stress that donors’ profiles affect the probability of giving, allowing a more effcient management of the information on potential donors, and improving current approaches. The first experiments show that

Altruistic Backoff: Collision Avoidance for Receiver-Initiated MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

by Nicola Dragoni and Xenofon Fafoutis

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2014

In receiver-initiated medium access control (MAC) protocols for wireless sensor networks, communi... more In receiver-initiated medium access control (MAC) protocols for wireless sensor networks, communication is initiated by the receiver node which transmits beacons indicating its availability to receive data. In the case of multiple senders having traffic for a given receiver, such beacons form points where collisions are likely to happen. In this paper, we present altruistic backoff (AB), a novel collision avoidance mechanism that aims to avoid collisions before the transmission of a beacon. As a result of an early backoff, senders spend less time in idle listening waiting for a beacon, thus saving significant amounts of energy. We present an implementation of AB for Texas Instruments' eZ430-rf2500 sensor nodes and we evaluate its performance with simulations and experiments.

Social networks and collective intelligence: A return to the agora

ABSTRACT Nowadays, acquisition of trustable information is increasingly important in both profess... more ABSTRACT Nowadays, acquisition of trustable information is increasingly important in both professional and private contexts. However, establishing what information is trustable and what is not, is a very challenging task. For example, how can information quality be reliably assessed? How can sources? credibility be fairly assessed? How can gatekeeping processes be found trustworthy when filtering out news and deciding ranking and priorities of traditional media? An Internet-based solution to a human-based ancient issue is being studied, and it is called Polidoxa, from Greek &quot;poly&quot;, meaning &quot;many&quot; or &quot;several&quot; and &quot;doxa&quot;, meaning &quot;common belief&quot; or &quot;popular opinion&quot;. This old problem will be solved by means of ancient philosophies and processes with truly modern tools and technologies. This is why this work required a collaborative and interdisciplinary joint effort from researchers with very different backgrounds and institutes with significantly different agendas. Polidoxa aims at offering: 1) a trust-based search engine algorithm, which exploits stigmergic behaviours of users? network, 2) a trust-based social network, where the notion of trust derives from network activity and 3) a holonic system for bottom-up self-protection and social privacy. By presenting the Polidoxa solution, this work also describes the current state of traditional media as well as newer ones, providing an accurate analysis of major search engines such as Google and social network (e.g., Facebook). The advantages that Polidoxa offers, compared to these, are also clearly detailed and motivated. Finally, a Twitter application (Polidoxa@twitter) which enables experimentation of basic Polidoxa principles is presented.

Extending Security-by-Contract with Quantitative Trust on Mobile Devices

2010 International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems, 2010

providing security assurances for mobile applications. In this work, we present an extension of S... more providing security assurances for mobile applications. In this work, we present an extension of S×C enriched with an automatic trust management infrastructure. Indeed, we enhance the already existing architecture by adding new modules and configurations for contracts managing. At deploy-time, our system decides the run-time configuration depending on the credentials of the contract provider. Roughly, the run-time environment can both enforce a security policy and monitor the declared contract. According to the actual behaviour of the running program our architecture updates the trust level associated with the contract provider. The main advantage of this method is an automatic management of the level of trust of software and contract releasers.

A Reasoning Infrastructure to Support Cooperation of Intelligent Agents on the Semantic Grid

or via WWW,at URL http://www.cs.unibo.it/. Plain-text abstracts organized,by year are available i... more

Analytical comparison of MAC schemes for Energy Harvesting — Wireless Sensor Networks

by Nicola Dragoni and Xenofon Fafoutis

2012 Ninth International Conference on Networked Sensing (INSS), 2012

ABSTRACT MAC protocols for multi-hop WSNs have to address the challenge of coordinating duty-cycl... more ABSTRACT MAC protocols for multi-hop WSNs have to address the challenge of coordinating duty-cycling transmitters with duty-cycling receivers. All the suggested protocols can be classified into three basic paradigms: the synchronization, the preamble and the beaconing paradigm. In this paper, we discuss the suitability of the three paradigms in the context of Energy Harvesting — Wireless Sensor Networks (EH-WSNs) in which nodes are powered by energy that they harvest from their surrounding environment. The two suitable paradigms are modeled and compared to each other. The analysis indicates the specific conditions under which a scheme is more suitable than the other.

Adaptive media access control for energy harvesting — Wireless sensor networks

by Nicola Dragoni and Xenofon Fafoutis

2012 Ninth International Conference on Networked Sensing (INSS), 2012

ODMAC (On-Demand Media Access Control) is a recently proposed MAC protocol designed to support in... more ODMAC (On-Demand Media Access Control) is a recently proposed MAC protocol designed to support individual duty cycles for Energy Harvesting -Wireless Sensor Networks (EH-WSNs). Individual duty cycles are vital for EH-WSNs, because they allow nodes to adapt their energy consumption to the ever-changing environmental energy sources. In this paper, we present an improved and extended version of ODMAC and we analyze it by means of an analytical model that can approximate several performance metrics in an arbitrary network topology. The simulations and the analytical experiments show ODMAC's ability to satisfy three key properties of EH-WSNs: adaptability of energy consumption, distributed energy-aware load balancing and support for different application-specific requirements.

Modelling and Analysis of Dynamic Reconfiguration in BP-Calculus

by Nicola Dragoni, John Mullins, and Manuel Mazzara

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012

ABSTRACT The BP-calculus is a formalism based on the π-calculus and encoded in WS-BPEL. The BP-ca... more ABSTRACT The BP-calculus is a formalism based on the π-calculus and encoded in WS-BPEL. The BP-calculus is intended to specificaly model and verify Service Oriented Applications. One important feature of SOA is the ability to compose services that may dynamically evolve along runtime. Dynamic reconfiguration of services increases their availability, but puts accordingly, heavy demands for validation, verification, and evaluation. In this paper we formally model and analyze dynamic reconfigurations and their requirements in BP-calculus and show how reconfigurable components can be modeled using handlers that are essential parts of WS-BPEL language.

A Fault Tolerant Agent Communication Language for Supporting Web Agent Interaction

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006

Agent Communication Languages (ACLs) have been developed to provide a way for agents to communica... more Agent Communication Languages (ACLs) have been developed to provide a way for agents to communicate with each other supporting cooperation in Multi-Agent Systems. In the past few years many ACLs have been proposed for Multi-Agent Systems and some standards emerged such as FIPA ACL or KQML. Despite these efforts, an important issue in the research on ACLs is still open

SC 2: Secure Communication over Smart Cards

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012

Security-by-contract: Toward a semantics for digital signatures on mobile code, in: European PKI Workshop: Theory and Practice (to appear

In this paper we propose the notion of security-by-contract, a mobile contract that an applicatio... more In this paper we propose the notion of security-by-contract, a mobile contract that an application carries with itself. The key idea of the framework is that a digital signature should not just certify the origin of the code but rather bind together the code with a contract. We provide a description of the overall lifecycle of mobile code in the setting of security-by-contract, describe a tentative structure for a contractual language and propose a number of algorithms for one of the key steps in the process, the contract-policy matching issue. We argue that security-by-contract would provide a semantics for digital signatures on mobile code thus being a step in the transition from trusted code to trustworthy code. 1

Security-by-contract (SxC) for software and services of mobile systems

In this chapter we propose the security-by-contract (SxC) framework and its techno-logical implem... more In this chapter we propose the security-by-contract (SxC) framework and its techno-logical implementation for trusted deployment and execution of communicating mobile applications in heterogeneous environments. The objective is to build the basis for the opening of the software market of nomadic devices (from smart phones to PDA) to third party applications. The intuition of SxC is that applications should come equipped with a security contract (as in programming-by-contract [4]). In a nutshell, a contract describes the security relevant interactions that the mobile application could have with the mobile device. The contract should be accepted by the platform (if compatible with the pol-icy) at deployment time, and its enforcement guaranteed either by static analysis at development time or by monitoring at run time. This paradigm will not replace, but enhance today's security mechanisms, and will provide a exible, simple and scalable security mechanism for future mobile systems.

Securing Off-Card Contract-Policy Matching in Security-By-Contract for Multi-Application Smart Cards

The Security-by-Contract (S×C) framework has recently been proposed to support applications' ... more The Security-by-Contract (S×C) framework has recently been proposed to support applications' evolution in multi-application smart cards. The key idea is based on the notion of contract, a specification of the security behavior of an application that must be compliant with the security policy of a smart card. In this paper we address one of the key features needed to apply the S×C idea to a resource limited device such as a smart card, namely the outsourcing of the contract-policy matching to a Trusted Third Party. The design of the overall system as well as a first implemented prototype are presented.

A Security-by-Contract Architecture for Pervasive Services

by Christian Schaefer and Nicola Dragoni

Third International Workshop on Security, Privacy and Trust in Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (SecPerU 2007), 2007

Future pervasive environments will by characterised by pervasive client downloads: new (untrusted... more

COMPUTING SCIENCE A Case Study of Workflow Reconfiguration: Design, Modelling, Analysis and Implementation

This paper describes a case study involving interference between application activities and recon... more This paper describes a case study involving interference between application activities and reconfiguration activities in an office workflow. We state the requirements on a system implementing the workflow and its reconfiguration, and describe the system's design in BPMN. We then use a number of computational formalisms of different kinds, including VDM and an asynchronous pi-calculus, to model the design and verify whether or not it will meet the requirements. In the process, we evaluate the formalisms for their suitability for the modelling and analysis of dynamic reconfiguration of dependable systems. We include in the evaluation, two process algebras we have been developing, namely, Webpi and CCSdp. Finally, we give an implementation of the system in BPEL.

Sustainable performance in energy harvesting

Proceedings of the the fourth international conference on Future energy systems - e-Energy '13, 2013

ABSTRACT In this practical demo we illustrate the concept of &quot;sustainable performance&am... more ABSTRACT In this practical demo we illustrate the concept of &quot;sustainable performance&quot; in Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks (EH-WSNs). In particular, for different classes of applications and under several energy harvesting scenarios, we show how it is possible to have sustainable performance when nodes in the network are powered by ambient energy.

High-level algorithms and data structures requirements for security-by-contract on Java cards

International Journal of Critical Computer-Based Systems, 2012

ABSTRACT The Java Card technology has progressed to the point of running web servers and web clie... more ABSTRACT The Java Card technology has progressed to the point of running web servers and web clients on a smart card. Yet concrete deployments of multi-applications smart cards have remained extremely rare because the business model of the asynchronous download and update of applications by different parties requires the control of interactions among possible applications after the card has been fielded. The current security models and techniques do not support this type of evolution. We propose in this paper to apply the notion of security-by-contract (S×C), that is a specification of security-related behaviour of an application that must be compliant with the security policy of the hosting platform. This compliance can be checked at the application loading time, avoiding in this way the need of costly runtime monitoring. We show how S×C can be used to prevent illegal information exchange among applications on a single smart card platform in presence of dynamic changes on the card.

ODMAC

Proceedings of the 8th ACM Symposium on Performance evaluation of wireless ad hoc, sensor, and ubiquitous networks - PE-WASUN '11, 2011

(SC)²: A System to Secure Off-Card Contract-Policy Matching in Security-by-Contract for Open Multi-application Smart Cards

2011 IEEE International Symposium on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks, 2011

The Security-by-Contract (S C) framework has recently been proposed to support software evolution... more The Security-by-Contract (S C) framework has recently been proposed to support software evolution in open multi-application smart cards. The key idea lies in the notion of contract, a specification of the security behavior of an application that must be compliant with the security policy of the smart card hosting the application. In this demonstration we show (SC) 2 (Secure Communication

Security-by-Contract for Web Services or How to Trade Credentials for Services

The classical approach to access control of Web Services is to present a number of credentials fo... more The classical approach to access control of Web Services is to present a number of credentials for the access to a ser- vice and possibly negotiate their disclosure using a suitable negotiation protocol and a policy to protect them. In practice a "Web Service" is not really a single service but rather a set of services that can be accessed

Decision Making in Fund Raising Management:a Knowledge Based Approach

We propose a knowledge based decision support system for fund raising management, which uses fuzz... more We propose a knowledge based decision support system for fund raising management, which uses fuzzy logic to evaluate the most promising strategies. Our approach exploits economic modelling and operational results, which stress that donors’ profiles affect the probability of giving, allowing a more effcient management of the information on potential donors, and improving current approaches. The first experiments show that

Altruistic Backoff: Collision Avoidance for Receiver-Initiated MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

by Nicola Dragoni and Xenofon Fafoutis

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 2014

In receiver-initiated medium access control (MAC) protocols for wireless sensor networks, communi... more In receiver-initiated medium access control (MAC) protocols for wireless sensor networks, communication is initiated by the receiver node which transmits beacons indicating its availability to receive data. In the case of multiple senders having traffic for a given receiver, such beacons form points where collisions are likely to happen. In this paper, we present altruistic backoff (AB), a novel collision avoidance mechanism that aims to avoid collisions before the transmission of a beacon. As a result of an early backoff, senders spend less time in idle listening waiting for a beacon, thus saving significant amounts of energy. We present an implementation of AB for Texas Instruments' eZ430-rf2500 sensor nodes and we evaluate its performance with simulations and experiments.

Social networks and collective intelligence: A return to the agora

ABSTRACT Nowadays, acquisition of trustable information is increasingly important in both profess... more ABSTRACT Nowadays, acquisition of trustable information is increasingly important in both professional and private contexts. However, establishing what information is trustable and what is not, is a very challenging task. For example, how can information quality be reliably assessed? How can sources? credibility be fairly assessed? How can gatekeeping processes be found trustworthy when filtering out news and deciding ranking and priorities of traditional media? An Internet-based solution to a human-based ancient issue is being studied, and it is called Polidoxa, from Greek &quot;poly&quot;, meaning &quot;many&quot; or &quot;several&quot; and &quot;doxa&quot;, meaning &quot;common belief&quot; or &quot;popular opinion&quot;. This old problem will be solved by means of ancient philosophies and processes with truly modern tools and technologies. This is why this work required a collaborative and interdisciplinary joint effort from researchers with very different backgrounds and institutes with significantly different agendas. Polidoxa aims at offering: 1) a trust-based search engine algorithm, which exploits stigmergic behaviours of users? network, 2) a trust-based social network, where the notion of trust derives from network activity and 3) a holonic system for bottom-up self-protection and social privacy. By presenting the Polidoxa solution, this work also describes the current state of traditional media as well as newer ones, providing an accurate analysis of major search engines such as Google and social network (e.g., Facebook). The advantages that Polidoxa offers, compared to these, are also clearly detailed and motivated. Finally, a Twitter application (Polidoxa@twitter) which enables experimentation of basic Polidoxa principles is presented.

Extending Security-by-Contract with Quantitative Trust on Mobile Devices

2010 International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems, 2010

providing security assurances for mobile applications. In this work, we present an extension of S... more providing security assurances for mobile applications. In this work, we present an extension of S×C enriched with an automatic trust management infrastructure. Indeed, we enhance the already existing architecture by adding new modules and configurations for contracts managing. At deploy-time, our system decides the run-time configuration depending on the credentials of the contract provider. Roughly, the run-time environment can both enforce a security policy and monitor the declared contract. According to the actual behaviour of the running program our architecture updates the trust level associated with the contract provider. The main advantage of this method is an automatic management of the level of trust of software and contract releasers.

A Reasoning Infrastructure to Support Cooperation of Intelligent Agents on the Semantic Grid

or via WWW,at URL http://www.cs.unibo.it/. Plain-text abstracts organized,by year are available i... more

Analytical comparison of MAC schemes for Energy Harvesting — Wireless Sensor Networks

by Nicola Dragoni and Xenofon Fafoutis

2012 Ninth International Conference on Networked Sensing (INSS), 2012

ABSTRACT MAC protocols for multi-hop WSNs have to address the challenge of coordinating duty-cycl... more ABSTRACT MAC protocols for multi-hop WSNs have to address the challenge of coordinating duty-cycling transmitters with duty-cycling receivers. All the suggested protocols can be classified into three basic paradigms: the synchronization, the preamble and the beaconing paradigm. In this paper, we discuss the suitability of the three paradigms in the context of Energy Harvesting — Wireless Sensor Networks (EH-WSNs) in which nodes are powered by energy that they harvest from their surrounding environment. The two suitable paradigms are modeled and compared to each other. The analysis indicates the specific conditions under which a scheme is more suitable than the other.

Adaptive media access control for energy harvesting — Wireless sensor networks

by Nicola Dragoni and Xenofon Fafoutis

2012 Ninth International Conference on Networked Sensing (INSS), 2012

ODMAC (On-Demand Media Access Control) is a recently proposed MAC protocol designed to support in... more ODMAC (On-Demand Media Access Control) is a recently proposed MAC protocol designed to support individual duty cycles for Energy Harvesting -Wireless Sensor Networks (EH-WSNs). Individual duty cycles are vital for EH-WSNs, because they allow nodes to adapt their energy consumption to the ever-changing environmental energy sources. In this paper, we present an improved and extended version of ODMAC and we analyze it by means of an analytical model that can approximate several performance metrics in an arbitrary network topology. The simulations and the analytical experiments show ODMAC's ability to satisfy three key properties of EH-WSNs: adaptability of energy consumption, distributed energy-aware load balancing and support for different application-specific requirements.

Modelling and Analysis of Dynamic Reconfiguration in BP-Calculus

by Nicola Dragoni, John Mullins, and Manuel Mazzara

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012

ABSTRACT The BP-calculus is a formalism based on the π-calculus and encoded in WS-BPEL. The BP-ca... more ABSTRACT The BP-calculus is a formalism based on the π-calculus and encoded in WS-BPEL. The BP-calculus is intended to specificaly model and verify Service Oriented Applications. One important feature of SOA is the ability to compose services that may dynamically evolve along runtime. Dynamic reconfiguration of services increases their availability, but puts accordingly, heavy demands for validation, verification, and evaluation. In this paper we formally model and analyze dynamic reconfigurations and their requirements in BP-calculus and show how reconfigurable components can be modeled using handlers that are essential parts of WS-BPEL language.

A Fault Tolerant Agent Communication Language for Supporting Web Agent Interaction

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006

Agent Communication Languages (ACLs) have been developed to provide a way for agents to communica... more Agent Communication Languages (ACLs) have been developed to provide a way for agents to communicate with each other supporting cooperation in Multi-Agent Systems. In the past few years many ACLs have been proposed for Multi-Agent Systems and some standards emerged such as FIPA ACL or KQML. Despite these efforts, an important issue in the research on ACLs is still open

SC 2: Secure Communication over Smart Cards

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012