American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 2004
The tachykinin peptide bufokinin, isolated from the cane toad intestine, is important in intestin... more The tachykinin peptide bufokinin, isolated from the cane toad intestine, is important in intestinal and cardiovascular regulation in the toad. In this study, three tachykinin NK1-like receptor isoforms, bNK1-A, bNK1-B, and bNK1-C, encoding proteins of 309, 390, and 371 amino acids, respectively, were cloned from the toad brain and intestine. These isoforms differ only at the intracellular COOH terminus. The bNK1-A and bNK1-B isoforms are similar to the truncated and full-length forms of the mammalian NK1receptor, whereas bNK1-C is unique and does not correspond to any previously described receptor. RT-PCR studies demonstrated that three isoform transcripts are widely distributed in the toad with high expression in gut, spinal cord, brain, lung, and skeletal muscle. When expressed in COS-7 cells, bufokinin showed similar high affinity (IC500.6–0.8 nM) in competing for125I-labeled Bolton-Hunter bufokinin binding at all receptors, but the binding affinities of substance P (SP) and neur...
The peach fruit fly Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) is a serious pest of different fruits and vegeta... more The peach fruit fly Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) is a serious pest of different fruits and vegetables in Pakistan inflicting economical damages. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the oviposition preference of the peach fruit fly for different fruits including guava, banana, citrus, ber, chikoo and apple under free or no choice conditions. Results showed that the guava was the most preferred host with mean pupal recovery of 318.00 ± 4.61 pupa/fruit (p/f) under free choice and 434 ± 2.64 p/f under no choice conditions, followed by banana (266.00 ± 4.5 p/f) in free choice and ber (177.00 ± 2.08 p/f) in no choice experiment. Whereas, apple and citrus were least preferred hosts.
A sample of 200 patients was randomly selected and interviewed. Various data related to their foo... more A sample of 200 patients was randomly selected and interviewed. Various data related to their food consumption in previous weeks and other behavioral attitudes were recorded. Their blood pressure was measured and blood was analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). Spearman's correlation coefficient was worked out between blood
Die pcoplc of Scotland can fcci justifiably proud of the great achievements of onc of thcir fcllo... more Die pcoplc of Scotland can fcci justifiably proud of the great achievements of onc of thcir fcllow countrynien, who, by his unremitting efforts and industry, persuadcd the Hast India Company to mak£ the learning of the Urdu/Hindustani language compulsory for their civil scrvants in India so that they couid execute their duties with greater effectiveness and ease. This far-stghted and talcnted genius was John Borthwick Gilchrist, 1 who was born in Edinburgh in 1759. His initial medical training was done at George Heriot's Hospital, and he joined the Hast India Company's civil Service äs an Assistanl Surgcon 2 and proceeded to India in 1782. 3 Being a hospital doctor, he soon encountered the difficulty of conversing with the natives and immediately saw the need to learn their language. He did not merely feel content to acquire that knowledge himself, but openly launched a campaign that British officers should study Hindustani and not Persian äs the vernacular of the country. Hindustani was the best language with which to achieve contact with all classes of people. Apparently, all important judical transactions were conducted in the native languages, and the British magistrates were faced with the arduous task of handling cases that required a basic knowledge of the language spoken by the majority of Indians. Gilchrist's aim in underlining the significance of a common dialect was to facilitate the stability and extension of British rule in India. His success inspired a new spirit in the Company's servants and the study of Hindustani became more and more populär. Whilst in India, he was granted a long leave in April 1785 by Sir John MacPherson 4 to study languages; he retired to Faizabad, a considerable distance from his friends, to avoid any Interruption that might hinder his formidable task of compiling A Dictionary English and Hindoostanee; none had ever been published before. The herculean task before him was not only that of engaging skilful printers, but also of procuring sufficient money to meet the heavy expenses of printing this work. 5 By 1786, Gilchrist had succeeded in compiling the first part of his A Dictionary English and Hindoostanee and was eagerly looking for capable printers. He was almost overwhelmed by the unreasonable demands of printers, who were reluctant to The author i& a Ph.
American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 2004
The tachykinin peptide bufokinin, isolated from the cane toad intestine, is important in intestin... more The tachykinin peptide bufokinin, isolated from the cane toad intestine, is important in intestinal and cardiovascular regulation in the toad. In this study, three tachykinin NK1-like receptor isoforms, bNK1-A, bNK1-B, and bNK1-C, encoding proteins of 309, 390, and 371 amino acids, respectively, were cloned from the toad brain and intestine. These isoforms differ only at the intracellular COOH terminus. The bNK1-A and bNK1-B isoforms are similar to the truncated and full-length forms of the mammalian NK1receptor, whereas bNK1-C is unique and does not correspond to any previously described receptor. RT-PCR studies demonstrated that three isoform transcripts are widely distributed in the toad with high expression in gut, spinal cord, brain, lung, and skeletal muscle. When expressed in COS-7 cells, bufokinin showed similar high affinity (IC500.6–0.8 nM) in competing for125I-labeled Bolton-Hunter bufokinin binding at all receptors, but the binding affinities of substance P (SP) and neur...
The peach fruit fly Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) is a serious pest of different fruits and vegeta... more The peach fruit fly Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) is a serious pest of different fruits and vegetables in Pakistan inflicting economical damages. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the oviposition preference of the peach fruit fly for different fruits including guava, banana, citrus, ber, chikoo and apple under free or no choice conditions. Results showed that the guava was the most preferred host with mean pupal recovery of 318.00 ± 4.61 pupa/fruit (p/f) under free choice and 434 ± 2.64 p/f under no choice conditions, followed by banana (266.00 ± 4.5 p/f) in free choice and ber (177.00 ± 2.08 p/f) in no choice experiment. Whereas, apple and citrus were least preferred hosts.
A sample of 200 patients was randomly selected and interviewed. Various data related to their foo... more A sample of 200 patients was randomly selected and interviewed. Various data related to their food consumption in previous weeks and other behavioral attitudes were recorded. Their blood pressure was measured and blood was analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG). Spearman's correlation coefficient was worked out between blood
Die pcoplc of Scotland can fcci justifiably proud of the great achievements of onc of thcir fcllo... more Die pcoplc of Scotland can fcci justifiably proud of the great achievements of onc of thcir fcllow countrynien, who, by his unremitting efforts and industry, persuadcd the Hast India Company to mak£ the learning of the Urdu/Hindustani language compulsory for their civil scrvants in India so that they couid execute their duties with greater effectiveness and ease. This far-stghted and talcnted genius was John Borthwick Gilchrist, 1 who was born in Edinburgh in 1759. His initial medical training was done at George Heriot's Hospital, and he joined the Hast India Company's civil Service äs an Assistanl Surgcon 2 and proceeded to India in 1782. 3 Being a hospital doctor, he soon encountered the difficulty of conversing with the natives and immediately saw the need to learn their language. He did not merely feel content to acquire that knowledge himself, but openly launched a campaign that British officers should study Hindustani and not Persian äs the vernacular of the country. Hindustani was the best language with which to achieve contact with all classes of people. Apparently, all important judical transactions were conducted in the native languages, and the British magistrates were faced with the arduous task of handling cases that required a basic knowledge of the language spoken by the majority of Indians. Gilchrist's aim in underlining the significance of a common dialect was to facilitate the stability and extension of British rule in India. His success inspired a new spirit in the Company's servants and the study of Hindustani became more and more populär. Whilst in India, he was granted a long leave in April 1785 by Sir John MacPherson 4 to study languages; he retired to Faizabad, a considerable distance from his friends, to avoid any Interruption that might hinder his formidable task of compiling A Dictionary English and Hindoostanee; none had ever been published before. The herculean task before him was not only that of engaging skilful printers, but also of procuring sufficient money to meet the heavy expenses of printing this work. 5 By 1786, Gilchrist had succeeded in compiling the first part of his A Dictionary English and Hindoostanee and was eagerly looking for capable printers. He was almost overwhelmed by the unreasonable demands of printers, who were reluctant to The author i& a Ph.
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