This paper mainly focuses for optimization of solar, wind and diesel with storage system (i.e., b... more This paper mainly focuses for optimization of solar, wind and diesel with storage system (i.e., battery storage) for economic point of view and reduces the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) at a small town using social, economic and technical analysis. Determine a possible solution for condense cost of electricity generation at Rottenest Island, Western Australia, Australia. For a feasible solution, diesel generator concept replaces to hybrid system considering different configurations, such as solar-wind and diesel hybrid system. These systems are evaluated by Hybrid Optimization Model of Electric Renewable (HOMER) software based on the real data for Rottenest Island in WA, Australia. The HOMERpro software reduces the unit cost of energy (COE) and net present cost (NPC) for various cases to reduce the CO2 emission of GHG for the generation system. In addition, the sensitivity results and optimization results are obtained from the input parameter, such as solar irradiation, wind speed and non-renewable inputs. Simulation results indicate that the hybrid system is substitute when associate with current and future development of electricity generation. The simulation results obtained from this analysis has confirmed a better combination of hybrid energy systems, which will not only increase the reliability of the hybrid system but also reduce the levelized cost of energy (LOCE). This paper demonstrated for the design of hybrid system using solar, wind and diesel for the reduction of GHG which are produced from only diesel generator at Rottenest Island. It also reduces the NPC and LOCE.
Direct quadrature (DQ) synchronous reference frame transformation-based current controllers are u... more Direct quadrature (DQ) synchronous reference frame transformation-based current controllers are utilized due to their superior performance, while they drive on dc quantities, attaining zero steady-state error, and are highly compatible for single-phase grid-tied inverters. Therefore, in this paper, the DQ reference frame is used to control active and reactive power by employing proportional Integral (PI) control in a single-phase grid-tied inverter. By using the phase-locked loop (PLL), the injected grid current and voltages are set to be in phase. An LCL filter is applied at inverter output to reduce the harmonics. The LCL filter is designed from the perspective of control for active and reactive power, and total harmonic distortion (THD). The MATLAB/Simulink based simulation results are presented, while the output of the inverter is controlled to meet the desired load active and reactive power requirement. The simulation outcomes depict the efficiency of the proposed PI control strategy regarding a low THD of 1.68% and a steady-state time of 0.03s.
This research paper considers the mathematical model and simulation of InGaP/GaAs/InGaAs/InGaSb q... more This research paper considers the mathematical model and simulation of InGaP/GaAs/InGaAs/InGaSb quadruple junction solar cell with a Double diode model for higher conversion efficiency (46.88%) in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The effect of different parameters like lattice constant, bandgap energy, and current matching on the 4-junction solar cell is considered. Also, the effect of environmental factors like temperature and irradiance on conversion efficiency is demonstrated on the Quadruple junction solar cell. Maximum PowerPoint Tracking (MPPT) methods are widely used for fast and accurate outcomes in PV systems. This paper considered two methods Perturb & Observe and Artificial Neural Network MPPT methods. These two methods were compared and analyzed for better conversion efficiency from multi-junction solar cells. Simulation results are obtained for different solar irradiation and temperatures, detailed interpretation and discussion are carried out. Also, the simulation results are obtained for MPPT methods, and their analysis is carried out in conjunction with quadruple junction solar cell.
This paper discusses nano-structured GaAs solar cell design and analysis for conversion efficienc... more This paper discusses nano-structured GaAs solar cell design and analysis for conversion efficiency improvement by increasing the light transmission and absorption, reducing the light reflection. The focus of this research is to construct different type of nano-grating shaped GaAs solar cells with various nano-grating heights and pitches, to compare the simulation results and find a suitable nano-structure that can provide higher conversion efficiency. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation tool is used to simulate and calculate the light reflection, transmission and absorption for different nano-grating shapes, such as, parabolic, triangular, trapezoidal and rectangular. Based on the simulation results, it has been confirmed that the light reflection of parabolic shaped nano-grating structures is higher than triangular nano-grating structures, but it is lower than rectangular and trapezoidal shaped nano-grating structures. Moreover, the simulation results confirmed that the light transmission of parabolic shaped nano-grating structures is about 62.3% having a 200-nm grating height and an 810-nm grating pitch, which is about 22% higher than the rectangular (i.e., flat) type substrates.
2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia), Dec 5, 2021
Over the last decades, solar photovoltaic (PV) system on the low and medium voltage distribution ... more Over the last decades, solar photovoltaic (PV) system on the low and medium voltage distribution network is growing dramatically. The power grids are still facing the experience of more penetration to satisfy electricity demand of the consumer. Another reason for solar PV penetration is government subsidies for the customers, decreasing the capital cost of solar PV, feed-in-tariff and to balance the CO2 emission from the atmosphere. The integration of PV system in low voltage or medium voltage ((LV/MV) distribution networks is raising new challenges in terms of power quality (PQ). In the LV/MV distribution networks, PQ problems are voltage sag and swell are the most serious concern, and it occurs when residential renewable energy sources (i.e., solar PV) produce more energy than the local demand. As per the PQ studies, voltage sag/ swell issues in the LV/MV power grid considered to be the most common type of PQ issue. Impact of this type of issue on sensitive loads is harsh. Hence, different types of solution have been used to protect sensitive loads from such voltage problems, but the dynamic voltage restorer is to be considered, effective and efficient solution. Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is a series connected power electronic device which is used to alleviate the voltage sag/swell problem in the distribution system and restore the load voltage to the required value. Therefore, the main objective of this research project is to investigate and understand the impact of PQ issues in LV/MV distribution system and aim is to alleviate them. MATLAB / Simulink software is used to solve the PQ issues by designing battery supported DVR with energy storage systems. The performance of battery supported DVR is designed, simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software environment, and analysed in detail.
Nowadays, Distributed Generation (DG) is the most effective technique for the generation of onsit... more Nowadays, Distributed Generation (DG) is the most effective technique for the generation of onsite power through renewable energy sources. The energy coming from renewable sources is connected to the common point of the distribution system by using power-conditioning systems to increase reliability and cost minimization. The successful integration of distribution generation in the distribution system relies on quality power. The power quality of the distribution system is proliferated due to the existence of non-linear power-electronic devices and the sudden switching of loads. Over the classical compensation techniques, the custom-power devices play a key role in the distribution system for compensation of power-quality issues. Among various custom-power devices, the unified-power quality compensator fulfils the high capability for mitigation of all voltage and current issues by using superior control schemes. A multifunctional-UPQC has been proposed for distribution generation and power-quality enhancement in a distribution system in this work. It reduces the usage of additional power-conditioning devices and control schemes. The performance of the proposed MF-UPQC is investigated in both DG interface and PQ enhancement using MATLAB/Simulink software. The simulation results are also presented in detail.
Communication between intelligent electronic devices (IED's) is an important feature of a uti... more Communication between intelligent electronic devices (IED's) is an important feature of a utility substation automation system based on IEC 61850. Time critical information related to fault and overcurrent, under frequency messages for substation automation system (SAS) and the use of IED's from multiple vendors, has opened up issues related to a reliable protection system within the high voltage substation. Early detection of the delay in data transmission over a Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) network is an important step towards identification of problems associated with the dynamic protection system. It is observed that non critical messages adds up the queuing time and delays in the delivery of the messages which could be an issue in the reliable operation of a protection system. In this paper an Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) model is created, tested and analysed for a single and double bus configuration in detail for the delay encountered in data transfer within a typical zone substation. In order to understand the delay in transmission of packets, a 132/22kV zone substation model is analysed and results are discussed based on GOOSE communication in an IEC 61850 environment. Further, the delay in communication is compared and analysed between a single and double bus system of a 132/22kV substation to determine the best alternative technique available from protection point of view in a SAS network.
2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia), Dec 5, 2021
This research focuses the modelling of multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs) for conversion efficien... more This research focuses the modelling of multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs) for conversion efficiency improvement considering maximum power point tracking (MPPT) utilizing MATLAB/Simulink software. The conversion efficiency of a single-junction photovoltaic (PV) cell is comparatively low than the MJSCs (GaInP/GaInAs/Ge). The cell conversion efficiency is improved by forming MJSCs, where two or more single junctions are stacked, and higher conversion efficiency is achieved using the MPPT method in MATLAB/ Simulink environment to maximize the output power of PV panel. This research considered different parameters of MJSCs, such as lattice matching, bandgap matching, current matching to improve the conversion efficiency. The maximum performance of MJSCs also obtained through the I-V and P-V characteristics by varying different environmental factors, such as temperature and irradiance in MATLAB/ Simulink environment. perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT algorithm which is the most suitable for PV applications. Finally, two different Pulse Width Modulation techniques are compared and analyzed with respect to Perturb and observe by applying Quasi Z source inverter (QZSI) within the MATLAB/Simulink environment to enhance the conversion efficiency of triple MJSC.
He is the author/coauthor of 6 book chapters, more than 100 peer-reviewed journal and internation... more He is the author/coauthor of 6 book chapters, more than 100 peer-reviewed journal and international conference papers, and more than 20 NEC Japan's technical reports at NEC Japan. He is the editor of the books Optical Communication Systems and Optical Communication. His research interests include pulse propagation, wave-mixing, high-speed communication devices (semiconductor optical amplifiers), plasmonics and plasmonics-based communication devices (metal-semiconductormetal photodetectors), high efficiency solar cells (renewable energy). Dr Das is a Senior Member of the IEEE Photonics Society, USA; member of the Institute of Engineers, Australia; and a Life Fellow of the Institute of Engineers, Bangladesh. High-speed optical communication is very much useful part in our advanced fibre-based telecommunication systems, data processing and networking systems. It consists of a transmitter that encodes the message signal into an optical signal, a channel/ link that carries this optical signal to its desired destination, and a receiver that reproduces the original message from the received optical signal. It presents up to date results of the communication systems, along with the explanations of their relevance, from leading researchers in this field. The chapters of this book cover the general concepts of high-speed optical communication, devices used for optical communication, optical communication systems. In recent years, the optical components or devices and other enhanced signal processing functions are also considered in depth for high-speed optical communications systems. The researcher has also concentrated on optical devices such as light emitting diodes and photodetectors application in optical communication. This book is targeted at research, development and design engineers from the teams in manufacturing industry, academia and trlecommunication industries. This book presents a high level technical overview of the emerging technologies of highspeed optical communication systems. It is intended as an introduction to the field for optical communication and professional engineers, such as higher degree research students, research academics and design engineers. Although it is intended for professionals who already have some technical background, it is nevertheless relevant to anyone wishing to understand high-speed optical communication systems.
ABSTRACT This paper presents propagation characteristics of short optical pulses and four-wave mi... more ABSTRACT This paper presents propagation characteristics of short optical pulses and four-wave mixing (FWM) in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) for high conversion efficiency. For the simulation of pulse propagation in SOA, the nonlinear propagation equation is used for taking into account the gain spectrum dynamics, gain saturation which depends on carrier depletion, carrier heating, spectral hole-burning, group velocity dispersion, self-phase modulation and two photon absorption. Finite-difference beam propagation method (FD-BPM) is used to solve the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and obtained the propagation characteristics of two optical pulses with different frequencies, which are simultaneously injected into the SOA.
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are intriguing and viable challengers among all solar photovoltaic ... more Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are intriguing and viable challengers among all solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies worldwide due to their high conversion efficiency and simple manufacturing procedure. PSCs are currently thought to be very promising for the future generation of PV technology, which can make it easier to solving the rising energy demand. However, commercial mass production of PSCs is still far away due to their stability, and eco‐friendly material issues. Extrinsic degradation is one of the vital issues for PSCs and various approaches are proposed and developed by researchers towards improve the quality and the stability of perovskite and other active materials for a PSC with longer lifetime. In this article, we conduct a systematic study to identify the major intrinsic and extrinsic degradation factors, and the degradation mechanism of PSCs. We investigate the potential approaches related to improving the stability and performance of the PSCs including encapsulation,...
This paper mainly focuses for optimization of solar, wind and diesel with storage system (i.e., b... more This paper mainly focuses for optimization of solar, wind and diesel with storage system (i.e., battery storage) for economic point of view and reduces the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) at a small town using social, economic and technical analysis. Determine a possible solution for condense cost of electricity generation at Rottenest Island, Western Australia, Australia. For a feasible solution, diesel generator concept replaces to hybrid system considering different configurations, such as solar-wind and diesel hybrid system. These systems are evaluated by Hybrid Optimization Model of Electric Renewable (HOMER) software based on the real data for Rottenest Island in WA, Australia. The HOMERpro software reduces the unit cost of energy (COE) and net present cost (NPC) for various cases to reduce the CO2 emission of GHG for the generation system. In addition, the sensitivity results and optimization results are obtained from the input parameter, such as solar irradiation, wind speed and non-renewable inputs. Simulation results indicate that the hybrid system is substitute when associate with current and future development of electricity generation. The simulation results obtained from this analysis has confirmed a better combination of hybrid energy systems, which will not only increase the reliability of the hybrid system but also reduce the levelized cost of energy (LOCE). This paper demonstrated for the design of hybrid system using solar, wind and diesel for the reduction of GHG which are produced from only diesel generator at Rottenest Island. It also reduces the NPC and LOCE.
Direct quadrature (DQ) synchronous reference frame transformation-based current controllers are u... more Direct quadrature (DQ) synchronous reference frame transformation-based current controllers are utilized due to their superior performance, while they drive on dc quantities, attaining zero steady-state error, and are highly compatible for single-phase grid-tied inverters. Therefore, in this paper, the DQ reference frame is used to control active and reactive power by employing proportional Integral (PI) control in a single-phase grid-tied inverter. By using the phase-locked loop (PLL), the injected grid current and voltages are set to be in phase. An LCL filter is applied at inverter output to reduce the harmonics. The LCL filter is designed from the perspective of control for active and reactive power, and total harmonic distortion (THD). The MATLAB/Simulink based simulation results are presented, while the output of the inverter is controlled to meet the desired load active and reactive power requirement. The simulation outcomes depict the efficiency of the proposed PI control strategy regarding a low THD of 1.68% and a steady-state time of 0.03s.
This research paper considers the mathematical model and simulation of InGaP/GaAs/InGaAs/InGaSb q... more This research paper considers the mathematical model and simulation of InGaP/GaAs/InGaAs/InGaSb quadruple junction solar cell with a Double diode model for higher conversion efficiency (46.88%) in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The effect of different parameters like lattice constant, bandgap energy, and current matching on the 4-junction solar cell is considered. Also, the effect of environmental factors like temperature and irradiance on conversion efficiency is demonstrated on the Quadruple junction solar cell. Maximum PowerPoint Tracking (MPPT) methods are widely used for fast and accurate outcomes in PV systems. This paper considered two methods Perturb & Observe and Artificial Neural Network MPPT methods. These two methods were compared and analyzed for better conversion efficiency from multi-junction solar cells. Simulation results are obtained for different solar irradiation and temperatures, detailed interpretation and discussion are carried out. Also, the simulation results are obtained for MPPT methods, and their analysis is carried out in conjunction with quadruple junction solar cell.
This paper discusses nano-structured GaAs solar cell design and analysis for conversion efficienc... more This paper discusses nano-structured GaAs solar cell design and analysis for conversion efficiency improvement by increasing the light transmission and absorption, reducing the light reflection. The focus of this research is to construct different type of nano-grating shaped GaAs solar cells with various nano-grating heights and pitches, to compare the simulation results and find a suitable nano-structure that can provide higher conversion efficiency. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation tool is used to simulate and calculate the light reflection, transmission and absorption for different nano-grating shapes, such as, parabolic, triangular, trapezoidal and rectangular. Based on the simulation results, it has been confirmed that the light reflection of parabolic shaped nano-grating structures is higher than triangular nano-grating structures, but it is lower than rectangular and trapezoidal shaped nano-grating structures. Moreover, the simulation results confirmed that the light transmission of parabolic shaped nano-grating structures is about 62.3% having a 200-nm grating height and an 810-nm grating pitch, which is about 22% higher than the rectangular (i.e., flat) type substrates.
2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia), Dec 5, 2021
Over the last decades, solar photovoltaic (PV) system on the low and medium voltage distribution ... more Over the last decades, solar photovoltaic (PV) system on the low and medium voltage distribution network is growing dramatically. The power grids are still facing the experience of more penetration to satisfy electricity demand of the consumer. Another reason for solar PV penetration is government subsidies for the customers, decreasing the capital cost of solar PV, feed-in-tariff and to balance the CO2 emission from the atmosphere. The integration of PV system in low voltage or medium voltage ((LV/MV) distribution networks is raising new challenges in terms of power quality (PQ). In the LV/MV distribution networks, PQ problems are voltage sag and swell are the most serious concern, and it occurs when residential renewable energy sources (i.e., solar PV) produce more energy than the local demand. As per the PQ studies, voltage sag/ swell issues in the LV/MV power grid considered to be the most common type of PQ issue. Impact of this type of issue on sensitive loads is harsh. Hence, different types of solution have been used to protect sensitive loads from such voltage problems, but the dynamic voltage restorer is to be considered, effective and efficient solution. Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is a series connected power electronic device which is used to alleviate the voltage sag/swell problem in the distribution system and restore the load voltage to the required value. Therefore, the main objective of this research project is to investigate and understand the impact of PQ issues in LV/MV distribution system and aim is to alleviate them. MATLAB / Simulink software is used to solve the PQ issues by designing battery supported DVR with energy storage systems. The performance of battery supported DVR is designed, simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software environment, and analysed in detail.
Nowadays, Distributed Generation (DG) is the most effective technique for the generation of onsit... more Nowadays, Distributed Generation (DG) is the most effective technique for the generation of onsite power through renewable energy sources. The energy coming from renewable sources is connected to the common point of the distribution system by using power-conditioning systems to increase reliability and cost minimization. The successful integration of distribution generation in the distribution system relies on quality power. The power quality of the distribution system is proliferated due to the existence of non-linear power-electronic devices and the sudden switching of loads. Over the classical compensation techniques, the custom-power devices play a key role in the distribution system for compensation of power-quality issues. Among various custom-power devices, the unified-power quality compensator fulfils the high capability for mitigation of all voltage and current issues by using superior control schemes. A multifunctional-UPQC has been proposed for distribution generation and power-quality enhancement in a distribution system in this work. It reduces the usage of additional power-conditioning devices and control schemes. The performance of the proposed MF-UPQC is investigated in both DG interface and PQ enhancement using MATLAB/Simulink software. The simulation results are also presented in detail.
Communication between intelligent electronic devices (IED's) is an important feature of a uti... more Communication between intelligent electronic devices (IED's) is an important feature of a utility substation automation system based on IEC 61850. Time critical information related to fault and overcurrent, under frequency messages for substation automation system (SAS) and the use of IED's from multiple vendors, has opened up issues related to a reliable protection system within the high voltage substation. Early detection of the delay in data transmission over a Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) network is an important step towards identification of problems associated with the dynamic protection system. It is observed that non critical messages adds up the queuing time and delays in the delivery of the messages which could be an issue in the reliable operation of a protection system. In this paper an Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) model is created, tested and analysed for a single and double bus configuration in detail for the delay encountered in data transfer within a typical zone substation. In order to understand the delay in transmission of packets, a 132/22kV zone substation model is analysed and results are discussed based on GOOSE communication in an IEC 61850 environment. Further, the delay in communication is compared and analysed between a single and double bus system of a 132/22kV substation to determine the best alternative technique available from protection point of view in a SAS network.
2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia), Dec 5, 2021
This research focuses the modelling of multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs) for conversion efficien... more This research focuses the modelling of multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs) for conversion efficiency improvement considering maximum power point tracking (MPPT) utilizing MATLAB/Simulink software. The conversion efficiency of a single-junction photovoltaic (PV) cell is comparatively low than the MJSCs (GaInP/GaInAs/Ge). The cell conversion efficiency is improved by forming MJSCs, where two or more single junctions are stacked, and higher conversion efficiency is achieved using the MPPT method in MATLAB/ Simulink environment to maximize the output power of PV panel. This research considered different parameters of MJSCs, such as lattice matching, bandgap matching, current matching to improve the conversion efficiency. The maximum performance of MJSCs also obtained through the I-V and P-V characteristics by varying different environmental factors, such as temperature and irradiance in MATLAB/ Simulink environment. perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT algorithm which is the most suitable for PV applications. Finally, two different Pulse Width Modulation techniques are compared and analyzed with respect to Perturb and observe by applying Quasi Z source inverter (QZSI) within the MATLAB/Simulink environment to enhance the conversion efficiency of triple MJSC.
He is the author/coauthor of 6 book chapters, more than 100 peer-reviewed journal and internation... more He is the author/coauthor of 6 book chapters, more than 100 peer-reviewed journal and international conference papers, and more than 20 NEC Japan's technical reports at NEC Japan. He is the editor of the books Optical Communication Systems and Optical Communication. His research interests include pulse propagation, wave-mixing, high-speed communication devices (semiconductor optical amplifiers), plasmonics and plasmonics-based communication devices (metal-semiconductormetal photodetectors), high efficiency solar cells (renewable energy). Dr Das is a Senior Member of the IEEE Photonics Society, USA; member of the Institute of Engineers, Australia; and a Life Fellow of the Institute of Engineers, Bangladesh. High-speed optical communication is very much useful part in our advanced fibre-based telecommunication systems, data processing and networking systems. It consists of a transmitter that encodes the message signal into an optical signal, a channel/ link that carries this optical signal to its desired destination, and a receiver that reproduces the original message from the received optical signal. It presents up to date results of the communication systems, along with the explanations of their relevance, from leading researchers in this field. The chapters of this book cover the general concepts of high-speed optical communication, devices used for optical communication, optical communication systems. In recent years, the optical components or devices and other enhanced signal processing functions are also considered in depth for high-speed optical communications systems. The researcher has also concentrated on optical devices such as light emitting diodes and photodetectors application in optical communication. This book is targeted at research, development and design engineers from the teams in manufacturing industry, academia and trlecommunication industries. This book presents a high level technical overview of the emerging technologies of highspeed optical communication systems. It is intended as an introduction to the field for optical communication and professional engineers, such as higher degree research students, research academics and design engineers. Although it is intended for professionals who already have some technical background, it is nevertheless relevant to anyone wishing to understand high-speed optical communication systems.
ABSTRACT This paper presents propagation characteristics of short optical pulses and four-wave mi... more ABSTRACT This paper presents propagation characteristics of short optical pulses and four-wave mixing (FWM) in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) for high conversion efficiency. For the simulation of pulse propagation in SOA, the nonlinear propagation equation is used for taking into account the gain spectrum dynamics, gain saturation which depends on carrier depletion, carrier heating, spectral hole-burning, group velocity dispersion, self-phase modulation and two photon absorption. Finite-difference beam propagation method (FD-BPM) is used to solve the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and obtained the propagation characteristics of two optical pulses with different frequencies, which are simultaneously injected into the SOA.
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are intriguing and viable challengers among all solar photovoltaic ... more Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are intriguing and viable challengers among all solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies worldwide due to their high conversion efficiency and simple manufacturing procedure. PSCs are currently thought to be very promising for the future generation of PV technology, which can make it easier to solving the rising energy demand. However, commercial mass production of PSCs is still far away due to their stability, and eco‐friendly material issues. Extrinsic degradation is one of the vital issues for PSCs and various approaches are proposed and developed by researchers towards improve the quality and the stability of perovskite and other active materials for a PSC with longer lifetime. In this article, we conduct a systematic study to identify the major intrinsic and extrinsic degradation factors, and the degradation mechanism of PSCs. We investigate the potential approaches related to improving the stability and performance of the PSCs including encapsulation,...
Uploads
Papers by Narottam Das