Papers by NORIHAN BINTI MOHD SALEH / BIOTECH
Analysis of expressed sequence tags derived from inflorescence shoot of Tectona grandis (teak)
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science, 2017
Natural exposure of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) occurs in the environ... more Natural exposure of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) occurs in the environment and acts as one of the abiotic factors that affect the growth and development of organisms. This study was conducted to determine the effect of ELF-EMF on the tissue cultured banana and slipper orchid [Kata kunci: Pisang, anggrek, klorofil, karoten, medan elektromagnetik]
Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2011
Paphiopedilum orchids are among the world's most popular orchid due to their impressively beautif... more Paphiopedilum orchids are among the world's most popular orchid due to their impressively beautiful flowers. Propagation of these orchid genera has been hampered by the naturally slow growth rate of the plant, which renders it very difficult to be propagated through conventional methods. In vitro culture techniques have provided a useful alternative technology for propagating this recalcitrant species. In this study, the propagation of P. rothschildianum was achieved through the in vitro formation of secondary protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) from the primary PLB that developed from stem-derived callus. The PLBs were cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with different concentrations (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 lM) of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and kinetin for the induction of secondary PLBs. The highest number of secondary PLBs formed was obtained on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 4.0 lM kinetin, with an average of 4.1 PLBs per explant after 8 weeks of culture. The secondary PLBs continued to proliferate further and formed 9.5-12.1 new PLBs per secondary PLB after being subcultured onto half-strength plant growth regulator-free MS medium supplemented with 60 g/L banana homogenate (BH). These tertiary PLBs were subcultured onto media containing different organic additives, such as BH, coconut water, potato homogenate, and tomato homogenate, for plantlet regeneration. Among the organic additives tested, the addition of 20% CW to half-strength MS medium resulted in the best average plantlet regeneration percentage from the PLBs, 67.9%, after 8 weeks of culture.
Biotechnology Letters, 2001
Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus based on PCR (ERIC-PCR) was used to generate DNA ... more Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus based on PCR (ERIC-PCR) was used to generate DNA fingerprints for bifidobacteria and other probiotic bacteria. Two primers (ERIC 1R and ERIC 2) used in ERIC-PCR revealed that all of the probiotic bacteria tested possess enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences with the PCR products ranging from 250 bp to 5000 bp. The bacterial strains can be differentiated by comparing fingerprint patterns. The dendrogram of the fingerprints revealed that most of the bifidobacterial wild type strains fell into one cluster at similarity level of approximately 79%.
Biotechnology Letters, 2001
A pair of PCR primers for the rapid detection of bile salt hydrolase (bsh) gene from Bifidobacter... more A pair of PCR primers for the rapid detection of bile salt hydrolase (bsh) gene from Bifidobacterium longum BB536 has been synthesised and have revealed the bsh gene of approx 970 bp in Bifidobacterium longum BB 536 but not in other species of bacteria tested. The bsh gene was cloned and sequenced showing a high similarity to bsh gene previously published. The resulting nucleotide sequence encodes a predicted protein of 317 amino acids, Mw = 35 kDa.
Bioscience and Microflora, 2004
Identification of Bifidobacterium species are a difficult task because of phenotypic and genetic ... more Identification of Bifidobacterium species are a difficult task because of phenotypic and genetic heterogeneities. Various DNA-based techniques to rapidly characterise Bifidobacterium species and to support the conventional biochemical and morphological classification methods have been described. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and 16S to 23S internally transcribed spacer region and comparing with the sequences data present in GenBank are the most popular techniques in identifying Bifidobacterium species. Conserved sequences other than the 16S rRNA gene such as ldh, recA and hsp60 genes have become worthy tools for the elucidation of various taxonomic features such as genera, species and strains of Bifidobacterium. However, as an alternative to sequencing which is both time consuming and technically demanding, genus-or species-specific primers or probes were successfully designed to rapidly identify Bifidobacterium species. In this review, amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) method derived from the 16S rRNA gene is also discussed because of it rapid, reproducible and easy to handle characteristics. Furthermore, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and repetitive elements fingerprinting (Rep) were the popular methods to study the genetic diversity among Bifidobacterium species due to its versatility.
Journal of Mycology, 2013
Lentinan, 1152 Dalton β-D-glucan found in Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinus edodes), has been claimed t... more Lentinan, 1152 Dalton β-D-glucan found in Shiitake Mushroom (Lentinus edodes), has been claimed to have anticancer and immunomodulatory activity. Several extraction methods have been used by researchers to isolate Lentinan including hot water and alkaline solution (1.25 M NaOH). In this study, hot water and alkaline solution (1.25 M NaOH) were used to extract the Lentinan-like β-D-glucan (1151 Dalton) from Tiger’s Milk Mushroom, Termite Mushroom, and selected local market mushrooms. The isolated Lentinan-like β-D-glucan from both hot water and alkaline solution was analyzed by LCMS-QTOF. Commercial Lentinan standard from Lentinus edodes was used as a reference. The results showed significant differences on chromatogram patterns of Lentinan-like β-D-glucan between both extracts. The peak of Lentinan-like β-D-glucan was only found in isolated polysaccharide glucan of hot water extracts. The isolated polysaccharide glucans from Tiger’s Milk Mushroom and Termite Mushroom were found to h...
Mycobiology, 2011
Lignosus rhinocerus is a macrofungus that belongs to Polyporaceae and is native to tropical regio... more Lignosus rhinocerus is a macrofungus that belongs to Polyporaceae and is native to tropical regions. This highly priced mushroom has been used as folk medicine to treat diseases by indigenous people. As a preliminary study to develop a culture method for edible mushrooms, the cultural characteristics of L. rhinocerus were investigated in a range of culture media under different environmental conditions. Mycelial growth of this mushroom was compared on culture media composed of various carbon and nitrogen sources in addition to C/N ratios. The optimal conditions for mycelial growth were 30 o C at pH 6 and 7. Rapid mycelial growth of L. rhinocerus was observed on glucose-peptone and yeast extract peptone dextrose media. Carbon and nitrogen sources promoting mycelial growth of L. rhinocerus were glucose and potassium nitrate, respectively. The optimum C/N ratio was approximately 10 : 1 using 2% glucose supplemented as a carbon source in the basal media.
Biological Research, 2014
Background: Termitomyces heimii is a basidiomycete fungus that has a symbiotic relationship with ... more Background: Termitomyces heimii is a basidiomycete fungus that has a symbiotic relationship with termites, and it is an edible mushroom with a unique flavour and texture. T. heimii is also one of the most difficult mushrooms to cultivate throughout the world. Little is known about the growth and development of these mushrooms, and the available information is insufficient or poor. The purpose of this study was to provide a base of knowledge regarding the biological processes involved in the development of T. heimii. The proteomic method of 2 dimensional difference gel electrophoresis 2D-DIGE was used to determine and examine the protein profiles of each developmental stage (mycelium, primordium and fruiting body). Total proteins were extracted by TCA-acetone precipitation.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1989
Mitochondrial DNA was isolated from leaf tissue of both the cytoplasmic male sterile line of Indi... more Mitochondrial DNA was isolated from leaf tissue of both the cytoplasmic male sterile line of Indica rice variety V41, which carries wild abortive (WA) cytoplasm, and from the corresponding maintainer line. In addition to the main mitochondrial DNA, four small plasmid-like DNA molecules were detected in both the male sterile and fertile lines. Restriction analysis of total mitochondrial DNA from the male sterile and fertile lines showed DNA fragments unique to each. Our findings suggest that the four small mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecules are conserved when WA cytoplasm is transferred into different nuclear backgrounds. However, there is no simple correlation between the presence/ absence of small mitochondrial DNA molecules and the expression of WA cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS).
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2011
Paphiopedilum orchids are among the world's most popular orchid due to their impressively beautif... more Paphiopedilum orchids are among the world's most popular orchid due to their impressively beautiful flowers. Propagation of these orchid genera has been hampered by the naturally slow growth rate of the plant, which renders it very difficult to be propagated through conventional methods. In vitro culture techniques have provided a useful alternative technology for propagating this recalcitrant species. In this study, the propagation of P. rothschildianum was achieved through the in vitro formation of secondary protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) from the primary PLB that developed from stem-derived callus. The PLBs were cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with different concentrations (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 lM) of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and kinetin for the induction of secondary PLBs. The highest number of secondary PLBs formed was obtained on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 4.0 lM kinetin, with an average of 4.1 PLBs per explant after 8 weeks of culture. The secondary PLBs continued to proliferate further and formed 9.5-12.1 new PLBs per secondary PLB after being subcultured onto half-strength plant growth regulator-free MS medium supplemented with 60 g/L banana homogenate (BH). These tertiary PLBs were subcultured onto media containing different organic additives, such as BH, coconut water, potato homogenate, and tomato homogenate, for plantlet regeneration. Among the organic additives tested, the addition of 20% CW to half-strength MS medium resulted in the best average plantlet regeneration percentage from the PLBs, 67.9%, after 8 weeks of culture.
Industrial Crops and Products, 1998
Biological parameters affecting microprojectile bombardment delivery of DNA into oil palm embryog... more Biological parameters affecting microprojectile bombardment delivery of DNA into oil palm embryogenic calli were optimized by monitoring transient GUS gene expression. The parameters optimized were the following; explant type using gold and tungsten microcarrier, bombardment preculture, time between bombardment and GUS staining, genotype, immature embryo preculture, DNA concentration, osmoticum type and concentration, and osmoticum treatment duration before and after bombardment. An independent experiment was carried out to study the effect of each parameter and its variables on transient GUS expression. ANOVA was carried out for each experiment using completely randomized design and the treatment means were compared using Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The highest transient GUS expression was observed 2 days post-bombardment using embryogenic calli derived from immature embryos. Bombardment was carried out using 300 μg of gold microcarriers coated with 1.5 μg of DNA 24 h after transfer to fresh medium. GUS expression could be further enhanced when calli were transferred to medium containing osmoticum (0.4 M mannitol) 2 h prior to bombardment. Highly significant differences between the variables were observed for all the parameters studied except genotype.
African Journal of …, 2010
Paphiopedilum rothschildianum is an endangered orchid species endemic to Mount Kinabalu, Sabah, a... more Paphiopedilum rothschildianum is an endangered orchid species endemic to Mount Kinabalu, Sabah, and Malaysia. The vegetative propagation of this plant has always been restricted due to its slow growth and maturation rates. Thus, an in vitro tissue culture technique was explored in order to overcome this limitation. In this study, clonal propagation of P. rothschildianum was achieved through in vitro formation of multiple shoots from stem nodal and single shoot explants cultured onto halfstrength Murashige and Skoog medium. The responses of the explants to the presence of different types of organic nitrogen additives viz. casein hydrolysate, peptone and tryptone-peptone (in amount of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/l) in the culture medium were also evaluated. The addition of these organic nitrogen additives into the basal medium slightly enhanced the number of multiple shoots formed on both types of explants when compared to additive-free MS medium. After 16 weeks of culture, an average of 2.9 shoots per stem nodal explant and 2.8 shoots per single shoot explant were obtained on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 1.0 g/l peptone and 2.0 g/l tryptone-peptone, respectively. All the newly-formed shoots were divided into single plantlets and subcultured onto similar respective medium. After an additional 12 weeks of culture on the same medium, plantlets with 3 -4 roots were acclimatized and transferred to a glass house where they showed 90% survival rate. Thus, the method presented in this study had provided a promising strategy for the production of large numbers of phenotypically stable P. rothschildianum.
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Papers by NORIHAN BINTI MOHD SALEH / BIOTECH