Papers by Noor Mohammad Hashmat
Alberoni University, 2020
Abstract
The most important criterion for determining a good government and accepted by the p... more Abstract
The most important criterion for determining a good government and accepted by the people is the constitution, which is enacted by the competent authority. Since the events of the last decade and a half in Afghanistan, especially the drafting and adoption of the 2003 Constitution, play a fundamental role in establishing a principled and law-based government, the importance of this research is evident from the fact that the principles of leadership of governments after 2002 are the product of these events and should be studied. The main objective of this research is to examine the performance of the Afghan government in accordance with the principles enshrined in the Constitution and its Leadership Principles.
The research method was descriptive and analytical. The constitution of Afghanistan, books, articles, reports, scientific and research journals have been used by the researcher, after collecting information, analyzing data, conclusions have been drawn. The results of the research show that the principle of centralization is adopted as a model of political system by following the model of the 1954 Constitution and is credited to democratic practices and the principle of the Islamic Republic as the method of government leadership. But studies show that governments have failed to live up to the principles in practice. Some governments have also adopted an authoritarian approach with a different interpretation of centralization.
Failure to observe the principles of leadership in accordance with the Constitution and standard leadership styles that are in line with the country's values has weakened the principle of good governance.
Keywords: principles, Afghanistan, leadership, government, constitution
Studying Social Justice of Taxes in Legal system of Afghanistan
Mahila Pratishtha, 2021
After the fall of the Taliban in 2001, the people of Afghanistan start another chapter of their l... more After the fall of the Taliban in 2001, the people of Afghanistan start another chapter of their life in their political history. The people of Afghanistan examine a democratic constitution that draws a legal framework for the implementation of democracy. For the first time, they use their vote to elect their chosen president. The political system of Afghanistan transited from a dictatorship to a democratic political system. However, the system of Monarchy had changed to a republic during President Dawood Khan Cousin of King Zahershah. By the way, democracy came up in Afghanistan with help of International community without any experience. So, no doubt it faces many challenges. The authors are trying to find the facts of the challenges in this research. The method of research is descriptive. The authors find the information from the library, journals, and magazines.
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD), 2020
Sovereign states are responsible to safe their citizens from harm and massacres. Any other state ... more Sovereign states are responsible to safe their citizens from harm and massacres. Any other state doesn't have the right to interfere in any other states' internal affairs. But sometimes either some states are not able to prevent their citizens from harms or they oppress on their citizens and violate the rights and freedoms of their citizens. In this case, either United Nation interferes in the issue or some other powerful states are willing to prevent the other societies from danger. So, what is the fact of intervention? Do the powerful states have the right to interfere in other states 'internalaffairs in order to safe their citizens from killing or massacre? Who are responsible for this case? The paper is trying to find the facts of the interventions, the intervention in Iraq, Syria, Rwanda and particularly in Afghanistan. No doubt some states are very interested to rescue the life of other states' citizens. How the other states kill their troops to safe the others citizens? Are they honest on their acts? We look forward to evaluate the aspects of such interventions.
Al-Beroni Scholarly Research Journal, 2023
The relationship between higher education and peace in Afghanistan
Peace education is on... more The relationship between higher education and peace in Afghanistan
Peace education is one of the most important topics that have recently been included in higher education programs in all war-torn countries. In addition, Afghanistan, which has gone through four decades of war, peace education is an urgent need like food. Fortunately, the Ministry of Higher Education has included peace education in the curriculum of all Afghan universities. This is where the key role and relationship of higher education with the peace of Afghanistan becomes clear. Professors, who are the backbone of the country's higher education, can play a pivotal role in positively changing the minds of students. Professors and students should play a valuable role by presenting scientific articles, conferences and workshops about peace - arbitration, negotiation, mediation and reducing violence. The importance of the research is due to the necessity and urgency of peace and reducing violence in Afghanistan. In this article, the descriptive and analytical method is used.
Keywords: higher education, education, war, violence and peace
Al-Beroni Scholarly Research Journal, 2018
The pivotal role of the Lazur Road in Afghanistan's stable economy and security
By: Assistant Pro... more The pivotal role of the Lazur Road in Afghanistan's stable economy and security
By: Assistant Prof. Noor Mohammad Hashmat
Depart of Public Law , Faculty of Law and Political Science, Albironi University.
Summary
Afghanistan is a landlocked country. The lack of sea on the borders of Afghanistan has caused a series of problems to Afghanistan. Among other things, it has slowed down trade and economic growth. Therefore, the opening of trade corridors between regional countries through active regional diplomacy can solve this problem. As a very sensitive regional corridor, the Lazur road has economic, cultural, strategic and security value to Afghanistan.
This corridor connects Afghanistan to Central Asian countries and through that to European countries. In addition, this road connects South Asian countries to Central Asia. Connecting this country is not only very important from the economic point of view, but also from the security and political point of view. Afghanistan can become a big business center like Dubai with active diplomacy. But for the development and development of this way, it is necessary to follow the obligations of the member countries of the agreement with practical initiatives and detailed plans.
Of course, descriptive and analytical methods have been used in the writing of this article. The method of research is mostly library and it refers to the agreement concluded between the member countries and other historical books.
Keywords: Lazorda Road, economic importance of Lazorda Road, strategic position, cultural importance
Al-Beroni Scholarly Research Journal, 2018
Studying the indicators of Wisely Leadership
By: Assistant Prof. Noo... more Studying the indicators of Wisely Leadership
By: Assistant Prof. Noor Mohammad Hashmat
Depart of Public Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science , Albironi University.
Abstract
Argument of wisely leadership is an issue which generally relate with socio- political, economic and cultural life of human and administrators of societies and organizations. Wise leaders with their wisely discussions lead the society and organization efficiency.
Wisely leaders play their key role on the historical evolution, victories, and failures, damages and constructions , development and evolution of human being societies .
Therefore, it is very necessary to research in this kind of leadership in Afghanistan. Both organizations and government institutions can use it. The aim of the writer is that all leaders and managers may adjust their behaviors on the principles of this kind of leadership. Thus, this article will clear the ways of wisely leadership for the leaders.
In this research qualitative and analytical methods of research will be used. We will use methods of library facilities, law and international documents will be used.
Key words: Leadership, Wisely, scholarly, Management, Organization, Administration
Alberoni University, 2020
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Papers by Noor Mohammad Hashmat
The most important criterion for determining a good government and accepted by the people is the constitution, which is enacted by the competent authority. Since the events of the last decade and a half in Afghanistan, especially the drafting and adoption of the 2003 Constitution, play a fundamental role in establishing a principled and law-based government, the importance of this research is evident from the fact that the principles of leadership of governments after 2002 are the product of these events and should be studied. The main objective of this research is to examine the performance of the Afghan government in accordance with the principles enshrined in the Constitution and its Leadership Principles.
The research method was descriptive and analytical. The constitution of Afghanistan, books, articles, reports, scientific and research journals have been used by the researcher, after collecting information, analyzing data, conclusions have been drawn. The results of the research show that the principle of centralization is adopted as a model of political system by following the model of the 1954 Constitution and is credited to democratic practices and the principle of the Islamic Republic as the method of government leadership. But studies show that governments have failed to live up to the principles in practice. Some governments have also adopted an authoritarian approach with a different interpretation of centralization.
Failure to observe the principles of leadership in accordance with the Constitution and standard leadership styles that are in line with the country's values has weakened the principle of good governance.
Keywords: principles, Afghanistan, leadership, government, constitution
Peace education is one of the most important topics that have recently been included in higher education programs in all war-torn countries. In addition, Afghanistan, which has gone through four decades of war, peace education is an urgent need like food. Fortunately, the Ministry of Higher Education has included peace education in the curriculum of all Afghan universities. This is where the key role and relationship of higher education with the peace of Afghanistan becomes clear. Professors, who are the backbone of the country's higher education, can play a pivotal role in positively changing the minds of students. Professors and students should play a valuable role by presenting scientific articles, conferences and workshops about peace - arbitration, negotiation, mediation and reducing violence. The importance of the research is due to the necessity and urgency of peace and reducing violence in Afghanistan. In this article, the descriptive and analytical method is used.
Keywords: higher education, education, war, violence and peace
By: Assistant Prof. Noor Mohammad Hashmat
Depart of Public Law , Faculty of Law and Political Science, Albironi University.
Summary
Afghanistan is a landlocked country. The lack of sea on the borders of Afghanistan has caused a series of problems to Afghanistan. Among other things, it has slowed down trade and economic growth. Therefore, the opening of trade corridors between regional countries through active regional diplomacy can solve this problem. As a very sensitive regional corridor, the Lazur road has economic, cultural, strategic and security value to Afghanistan.
This corridor connects Afghanistan to Central Asian countries and through that to European countries. In addition, this road connects South Asian countries to Central Asia. Connecting this country is not only very important from the economic point of view, but also from the security and political point of view. Afghanistan can become a big business center like Dubai with active diplomacy. But for the development and development of this way, it is necessary to follow the obligations of the member countries of the agreement with practical initiatives and detailed plans.
Of course, descriptive and analytical methods have been used in the writing of this article. The method of research is mostly library and it refers to the agreement concluded between the member countries and other historical books.
Keywords: Lazorda Road, economic importance of Lazorda Road, strategic position, cultural importance
By: Assistant Prof. Noor Mohammad Hashmat
Depart of Public Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science , Albironi University.
Abstract
Argument of wisely leadership is an issue which generally relate with socio- political, economic and cultural life of human and administrators of societies and organizations. Wise leaders with their wisely discussions lead the society and organization efficiency.
Wisely leaders play their key role on the historical evolution, victories, and failures, damages and constructions , development and evolution of human being societies .
Therefore, it is very necessary to research in this kind of leadership in Afghanistan. Both organizations and government institutions can use it. The aim of the writer is that all leaders and managers may adjust their behaviors on the principles of this kind of leadership. Thus, this article will clear the ways of wisely leadership for the leaders.
In this research qualitative and analytical methods of research will be used. We will use methods of library facilities, law and international documents will be used.
Key words: Leadership, Wisely, scholarly, Management, Organization, Administration
The most important criterion for determining a good government and accepted by the people is the constitution, which is enacted by the competent authority. Since the events of the last decade and a half in Afghanistan, especially the drafting and adoption of the 2003 Constitution, play a fundamental role in establishing a principled and law-based government, the importance of this research is evident from the fact that the principles of leadership of governments after 2002 are the product of these events and should be studied. The main objective of this research is to examine the performance of the Afghan government in accordance with the principles enshrined in the Constitution and its Leadership Principles.
The research method was descriptive and analytical. The constitution of Afghanistan, books, articles, reports, scientific and research journals have been used by the researcher, after collecting information, analyzing data, conclusions have been drawn. The results of the research show that the principle of centralization is adopted as a model of political system by following the model of the 1954 Constitution and is credited to democratic practices and the principle of the Islamic Republic as the method of government leadership. But studies show that governments have failed to live up to the principles in practice. Some governments have also adopted an authoritarian approach with a different interpretation of centralization.
Failure to observe the principles of leadership in accordance with the Constitution and standard leadership styles that are in line with the country's values has weakened the principle of good governance.
Keywords: principles, Afghanistan, leadership, government, constitution
Peace education is one of the most important topics that have recently been included in higher education programs in all war-torn countries. In addition, Afghanistan, which has gone through four decades of war, peace education is an urgent need like food. Fortunately, the Ministry of Higher Education has included peace education in the curriculum of all Afghan universities. This is where the key role and relationship of higher education with the peace of Afghanistan becomes clear. Professors, who are the backbone of the country's higher education, can play a pivotal role in positively changing the minds of students. Professors and students should play a valuable role by presenting scientific articles, conferences and workshops about peace - arbitration, negotiation, mediation and reducing violence. The importance of the research is due to the necessity and urgency of peace and reducing violence in Afghanistan. In this article, the descriptive and analytical method is used.
Keywords: higher education, education, war, violence and peace
By: Assistant Prof. Noor Mohammad Hashmat
Depart of Public Law , Faculty of Law and Political Science, Albironi University.
Summary
Afghanistan is a landlocked country. The lack of sea on the borders of Afghanistan has caused a series of problems to Afghanistan. Among other things, it has slowed down trade and economic growth. Therefore, the opening of trade corridors between regional countries through active regional diplomacy can solve this problem. As a very sensitive regional corridor, the Lazur road has economic, cultural, strategic and security value to Afghanistan.
This corridor connects Afghanistan to Central Asian countries and through that to European countries. In addition, this road connects South Asian countries to Central Asia. Connecting this country is not only very important from the economic point of view, but also from the security and political point of view. Afghanistan can become a big business center like Dubai with active diplomacy. But for the development and development of this way, it is necessary to follow the obligations of the member countries of the agreement with practical initiatives and detailed plans.
Of course, descriptive and analytical methods have been used in the writing of this article. The method of research is mostly library and it refers to the agreement concluded between the member countries and other historical books.
Keywords: Lazorda Road, economic importance of Lazorda Road, strategic position, cultural importance
By: Assistant Prof. Noor Mohammad Hashmat
Depart of Public Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science , Albironi University.
Abstract
Argument of wisely leadership is an issue which generally relate with socio- political, economic and cultural life of human and administrators of societies and organizations. Wise leaders with their wisely discussions lead the society and organization efficiency.
Wisely leaders play their key role on the historical evolution, victories, and failures, damages and constructions , development and evolution of human being societies .
Therefore, it is very necessary to research in this kind of leadership in Afghanistan. Both organizations and government institutions can use it. The aim of the writer is that all leaders and managers may adjust their behaviors on the principles of this kind of leadership. Thus, this article will clear the ways of wisely leadership for the leaders.
In this research qualitative and analytical methods of research will be used. We will use methods of library facilities, law and international documents will be used.
Key words: Leadership, Wisely, scholarly, Management, Organization, Administration