The Society of Convergence Knowledge Transactions, Dec 1, 2019
Recently, the development of oil and gas, including unconventional energy, has been increasing in... more Recently, the development of oil and gas, including unconventional energy, has been increasing in cold and harsh areas, and it is difficult to secure produced water in these areas, and a method of reuse is needed. In the reuse of the produced water, salts, acidity, ionic substances, etc., which affect the environmental pollution and the performance of machinery are removed below the standard value. In this paper, a produced water treatment system with a processing capacity of 180 BPD (bbl / day) was fabricated for the performance test to effectively remove fine oil contained in the produced water. The device is equipped with a saturator, an eductor, a circulation pump, a gas tank, etc. for generating micro-bubbles. Using these experimental devices, the microbubble formation according to the operating conditions and the oil removal characteristics according to the oil concentration of the produced water were evaluated experimentally. In the case of the proposed system through the micro-bubble generation test, it was possible to adjust the micro-bubble generation characteristics according to the pressure, the amount of gas, and the amount of circulating water. In addition, it can be seen that it affects the oil removal efficiency according to the formation form of the fine bubbles. In particular, the amount of nitrogen gas and the amount of circulating water had the greatest influence on the generation of micro-bubbles, and the oil removal performance could be evaluated by 97.1% depending on the cell composition.
International Journal of Control and Automation, Sep 30, 2015
To increase the practical-use value of multi-water-resources, reclaimed water was used as the exp... more To increase the practical-use value of multi-water-resources, reclaimed water was used as the experimental water because the frequency of reclaimed-water usage has been very high of late. The SA method was then applied to a reclaimed-water pipe as a way of inhibiting its corrosion, and its anticorrosion effect was observed. Corrosion effect by the sacrificial anode method was measured by lab scale experiments, reclaimed water was used as the experimental water, and also tap water was used as a control group. As a result of experiments, efficiency of SA method can be made higher by increasing the amount of SA metal. In addition, anticorrosive effect was not large compared to the reclaimed water condition, and it was determined that efficiency of the SA method increases in a pipeline where high-conductivity water flows. And the corrosive-index (KRWI) trend was not large regardless of the flow time and the degree of corrosion.
Advanced science and technology letters, Jul 11, 2015
In constructing a leak monitoring system for active management of potential leaks in a water supp... more In constructing a leak monitoring system for active management of potential leaks in a water supply system, the level of performance as well as the cost required to maintain good economic feasibility have been calculated. Based on analysis of the current status of domestic water supply networks and international scholarly research materials, the price must be kept under 10 million KRW (assuming 30 items are included in 1 set) for cases in which the distance between sensors is approximately 300m (latest technology applied) in large metropolitan areas, and under 3.4 million KRW for cases in which the distance between sensors is approximately 100m in order to secure economic feasibility and, subsequently, be applied in actual situations.
Wall decay reaction of residual chlorine in reclaimed water was evaluated through experiments usi... more Wall decay reaction of residual chlorine in reclaimed water was evaluated through experiments using the PVC pipe reactor under the lab test conditions. As a result of evaluating the biofilm formation in the supply pipe of reclaimed water, it was confirmed that there were limitations to prevent reclaimed water supply system from the biofilm formation even though residual chlorine existed in reclaimed water. It was confirmed that biofilm was a dominant factor to increase the wall decay constants. The range of wall decay constants under the lab test conditions was within 0.012-0.20 m/d. It implies that wall decay constants showed great dependence on water temperature, initial chlorine concentration, and pipe diameter. Wall decay constants appeared to increase as water temperature increased. Wall decay constants were higher at lower initial chlorine concentration regardless of water temperature and pipe diameter. Depending on pipe diameter, the increased pipe diameter was led to the decreased wall decay constant.
The Society of Convergence Knowledge Transactions, Dec 1, 2019
In order to effectively control the leakage occurring in the water supply pipeline, it is necessa... more In order to effectively control the leakage occurring in the water supply pipeline, it is necessary to accurately grasp the pipeline performance and set a management goal appropriate to the situation. In this study, the types of pipelines were classified in consideration of local government financial status, and the pipeline performance of each type were evaluated using domestic and overseas performance indicators. As an indicator for classifying pipeline types, billed metered consumption that was most correlated with the population density (water population per length of distribution and service pip) was selected as the types of pipeline classification criterion. The billed metered consumption standards for dividing pipelines into three phases were set at 10 ML/km/year and 30 ML/km/year. The 161 local governments in Korea were classified as Type-I (33 local governments), Type-II (54 local governments), and Type-III (74 local governments). The water pipelines in the surveyed area (161 local governments) were divided by type and evaluated by ILI and revenue water rate indicators. The average ILI and revenue water rate of Type-I, which represent large cities and planned cities, are 4.0% and 88.9%, respectively, which shows that the pipline performance of Type-I is better than Type-II and III. The ILI value of Type-II is the highest (10.4), and it is urgent to prepare countermeasures by supporting pipeline improvement projects that are the same as Type-III.
The Society of Convergence Knowledge Transactions, Dec 1, 2019
Recently, the development of oil and gas, including unconventional energy, has been increasing in... more Recently, the development of oil and gas, including unconventional energy, has been increasing in cold and harsh areas, and it is difficult to secure produced water in these areas, and a method of reuse is needed. In the reuse of the produced water, salts, acidity, ionic substances, etc., which affect the environmental pollution and the performance of machinery are removed below the standard value. In this paper, a produced water treatment system with a processing capacity of 180 BPD (bbl / day) was fabricated for the performance test to effectively remove fine oil contained in the produced water. The device is equipped with a saturator, an eductor, a circulation pump, a gas tank, etc. for generating micro-bubbles. Using these experimental devices, the microbubble formation according to the operating conditions and the oil removal characteristics according to the oil concentration of the produced water were evaluated experimentally. In the case of the proposed system through the micro-bubble generation test, it was possible to adjust the micro-bubble generation characteristics according to the pressure, the amount of gas, and the amount of circulating water. In addition, it can be seen that it affects the oil removal efficiency according to the formation form of the fine bubbles. In particular, the amount of nitrogen gas and the amount of circulating water had the greatest influence on the generation of micro-bubbles, and the oil removal performance could be evaluated by 97.1% depending on the cell composition.
The Society of Convergence Knowledge Transactions, Dec 1, 2019
In order to effectively control the leakage occurring in the water supply pipeline, it is necessa... more In order to effectively control the leakage occurring in the water supply pipeline, it is necessary to accurately grasp the pipeline performance and set a management goal appropriate to the situation. In this study, the types of pipelines were classified in consideration of local government financial status, and the pipeline performance of each type were evaluated using domestic and overseas performance indicators. As an indicator for classifying pipeline types, billed metered consumption that was most correlated with the population density (water population per length of distribution and service pip) was selected as the types of pipeline classification criterion. The billed metered consumption standards for dividing pipelines into three phases were set at 10 ML/km/year and 30 ML/km/year. The 161 local governments in Korea were classified as Type-I (33 local governments), Type-II (54 local governments), and Type-III (74 local governments). The water pipelines in the surveyed area (161 local governments) were divided by type and evaluated by ILI and revenue water rate indicators. The average ILI and revenue water rate of Type-I, which represent large cities and planned cities, are 4.0% and 88.9%, respectively, which shows that the pipline performance of Type-I is better than Type-II and III. The ILI value of Type-II is the highest (10.4), and it is urgent to prepare countermeasures by supporting pipeline improvement projects that are the same as Type-III.
Among a wide variety of alternative water resources, reclaimed water from waste-water has drawn m... more Among a wide variety of alternative water resources, reclaimed water from waste-water has drawn much attention, as it is considered a stable water resource to be substituted for agricultural, industrial, recreational, and public water. This study aimed to compare and evaluate the effects of tap water and reclaimed water on the corrosion of the inner surface of pipes. The investigated pipes included GSP (Galvanized Steel Pipe), CIP (Cast Iron Pipe), STSP (Stainless Steel Pipe), and PVCP (Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe). Assessment of corrosion impact on the different materials of pipes was conducted by analyzing the corrosion accelerators and inhibitors related to the characteristics of reclaimed water. Reclaimed water with higher ionic content showed a faster corrosion rate than tap water because corrosion accelerators have more of an effect on pipe corrosion than do corrosion inhibitors. In terms of pipe materials, the corrosion rate was fastest in CIP, followed by GSP, and STSP; PVCP exhibited no electrochemical corrosion.
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
This study aim to find the corrosion index of Tap water and Reclaimed water using KWI (Korea Wate... more This study aim to find the corrosion index of Tap water and Reclaimed water using KWI (Korea Water Index) and KRWI (Korea Reclaimed Water Index) method. The impact of corrosion inhibiting factors (pH ,hardness, alkalinity) and corrosion accelerating facor (TDS, chlorine ion, sulphate ion) has studied. The corrosion assessment method based on the corrosion index is used in predicting corrosion and offering information on the control of corrosive water quality.
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
There must be a reliable evaluation to collect correct data on the factors that affect pipe perfo... more There must be a reliable evaluation to collect correct data on the factors that affect pipe performance and to analyze the acquired data to upgrade the old water distribution network effectively. This study developed a procedure for collecting the data (basic investigation) of a water distribution network and evaluating deterioration using the acquired data. The basic investigation of the water distribution network is divided into routine investigation and accident investigation. It is a process consisting of setting up investigation areas, collecting background information, and examining 23 data sets (9 indirect data sets, 4 endoscope data sets, and 10 shell data sets) needed to evaluate the facilities technically. We then calculated the score for each data item and the overall score for each evaluation step to evaluate structural problems, hydraulic problems, leakage through joints, and water quality problems to assess the deterioration of the investigated facility accurately.
Wall decay reaction of residual chlorine in reclaimed water was evaluated through experiments usi... more Wall decay reaction of residual chlorine in reclaimed water was evaluated through experiments using the PVC pipe reactor under the lab test conditions. As a result of evaluating the biofilm formation in the supply pipe of reclaimed water, it was confirmed that there were limitations to prevent reclaimed water supply system from the biofilm formation even though residual chlorine existed in reclaimed water. It was confirmed that biofilm was a dominant factor to increase the wall decay constants. The range of wall decay constants under the lab test conditions was within 0.012-0.20 m/d. It implies that wall decay constants showed great dependence on water temperature, initial chlorine concentration, and pipe diameter. Wall decay constants appeared to increase as water temperature increased. Wall decay constants were higher at lower initial chlorine concentration regardless of water temperature and pipe diameter. Depending on pipe diameter, the increased pipe diameter was led to the decreased wall decay constant.
International Journal of Software Engineering and Its Applications, 2016
Under the circumstances in which the distribution rate of water supply reaches 98.6%, efforts for... more Under the circumstances in which the distribution rate of water supply reaches 98.6%, efforts for stable operation of facilities are being carried out through a variety of studies. The asset management of water supply system using a life cycle cost analysis model is expected to be settled and stabilized within the next decade through continuous researches. An analysis model is divided into several stages of initial installation cost, maintenance cost, and disposal/replacement cost. In this research, a portion of YW filtration plant's data was used to conduct an LCC analysis. Through an LCC analysis, asset management was performed and ways to efficiently distribute a budget and to ensure stability were proposed.
International Journal of Database Theory and Application, 2016
To standardize and construct an inventory database for a water supply system, an inheritance tree... more To standardize and construct an inventory database for a water supply system, an inheritance tree is constituted from Level 1 to 5 for specification of a classification structure for the water supply system. Level 1 is specified based on systems while Level 2 to 5 are specified to classify water supply systems by considering a structure's role, function and type for each system. Also, the property information for asset management of each structure is systematcially investigated and written on a form to enable standardization of an inventory database. The property information is divided into asset classification information, asset location spatial information, asset specification information and asset management-related information, and the definitions, types, units and descriptions of the examined data are systematcially organized
The Society of Convergence Knowledge Transactions, Dec 1, 2019
Recently, the development of oil and gas, including unconventional energy, has been increasing in... more Recently, the development of oil and gas, including unconventional energy, has been increasing in cold and harsh areas, and it is difficult to secure produced water in these areas, and a method of reuse is needed. In the reuse of the produced water, salts, acidity, ionic substances, etc., which affect the environmental pollution and the performance of machinery are removed below the standard value. In this paper, a produced water treatment system with a processing capacity of 180 BPD (bbl / day) was fabricated for the performance test to effectively remove fine oil contained in the produced water. The device is equipped with a saturator, an eductor, a circulation pump, a gas tank, etc. for generating micro-bubbles. Using these experimental devices, the microbubble formation according to the operating conditions and the oil removal characteristics according to the oil concentration of the produced water were evaluated experimentally. In the case of the proposed system through the micro-bubble generation test, it was possible to adjust the micro-bubble generation characteristics according to the pressure, the amount of gas, and the amount of circulating water. In addition, it can be seen that it affects the oil removal efficiency according to the formation form of the fine bubbles. In particular, the amount of nitrogen gas and the amount of circulating water had the greatest influence on the generation of micro-bubbles, and the oil removal performance could be evaluated by 97.1% depending on the cell composition.
International Journal of Control and Automation, Sep 30, 2015
To increase the practical-use value of multi-water-resources, reclaimed water was used as the exp... more To increase the practical-use value of multi-water-resources, reclaimed water was used as the experimental water because the frequency of reclaimed-water usage has been very high of late. The SA method was then applied to a reclaimed-water pipe as a way of inhibiting its corrosion, and its anticorrosion effect was observed. Corrosion effect by the sacrificial anode method was measured by lab scale experiments, reclaimed water was used as the experimental water, and also tap water was used as a control group. As a result of experiments, efficiency of SA method can be made higher by increasing the amount of SA metal. In addition, anticorrosive effect was not large compared to the reclaimed water condition, and it was determined that efficiency of the SA method increases in a pipeline where high-conductivity water flows. And the corrosive-index (KRWI) trend was not large regardless of the flow time and the degree of corrosion.
Advanced science and technology letters, Jul 11, 2015
In constructing a leak monitoring system for active management of potential leaks in a water supp... more In constructing a leak monitoring system for active management of potential leaks in a water supply system, the level of performance as well as the cost required to maintain good economic feasibility have been calculated. Based on analysis of the current status of domestic water supply networks and international scholarly research materials, the price must be kept under 10 million KRW (assuming 30 items are included in 1 set) for cases in which the distance between sensors is approximately 300m (latest technology applied) in large metropolitan areas, and under 3.4 million KRW for cases in which the distance between sensors is approximately 100m in order to secure economic feasibility and, subsequently, be applied in actual situations.
Wall decay reaction of residual chlorine in reclaimed water was evaluated through experiments usi... more Wall decay reaction of residual chlorine in reclaimed water was evaluated through experiments using the PVC pipe reactor under the lab test conditions. As a result of evaluating the biofilm formation in the supply pipe of reclaimed water, it was confirmed that there were limitations to prevent reclaimed water supply system from the biofilm formation even though residual chlorine existed in reclaimed water. It was confirmed that biofilm was a dominant factor to increase the wall decay constants. The range of wall decay constants under the lab test conditions was within 0.012-0.20 m/d. It implies that wall decay constants showed great dependence on water temperature, initial chlorine concentration, and pipe diameter. Wall decay constants appeared to increase as water temperature increased. Wall decay constants were higher at lower initial chlorine concentration regardless of water temperature and pipe diameter. Depending on pipe diameter, the increased pipe diameter was led to the decreased wall decay constant.
The Society of Convergence Knowledge Transactions, Dec 1, 2019
In order to effectively control the leakage occurring in the water supply pipeline, it is necessa... more In order to effectively control the leakage occurring in the water supply pipeline, it is necessary to accurately grasp the pipeline performance and set a management goal appropriate to the situation. In this study, the types of pipelines were classified in consideration of local government financial status, and the pipeline performance of each type were evaluated using domestic and overseas performance indicators. As an indicator for classifying pipeline types, billed metered consumption that was most correlated with the population density (water population per length of distribution and service pip) was selected as the types of pipeline classification criterion. The billed metered consumption standards for dividing pipelines into three phases were set at 10 ML/km/year and 30 ML/km/year. The 161 local governments in Korea were classified as Type-I (33 local governments), Type-II (54 local governments), and Type-III (74 local governments). The water pipelines in the surveyed area (161 local governments) were divided by type and evaluated by ILI and revenue water rate indicators. The average ILI and revenue water rate of Type-I, which represent large cities and planned cities, are 4.0% and 88.9%, respectively, which shows that the pipline performance of Type-I is better than Type-II and III. The ILI value of Type-II is the highest (10.4), and it is urgent to prepare countermeasures by supporting pipeline improvement projects that are the same as Type-III.
The Society of Convergence Knowledge Transactions, Dec 1, 2019
Recently, the development of oil and gas, including unconventional energy, has been increasing in... more Recently, the development of oil and gas, including unconventional energy, has been increasing in cold and harsh areas, and it is difficult to secure produced water in these areas, and a method of reuse is needed. In the reuse of the produced water, salts, acidity, ionic substances, etc., which affect the environmental pollution and the performance of machinery are removed below the standard value. In this paper, a produced water treatment system with a processing capacity of 180 BPD (bbl / day) was fabricated for the performance test to effectively remove fine oil contained in the produced water. The device is equipped with a saturator, an eductor, a circulation pump, a gas tank, etc. for generating micro-bubbles. Using these experimental devices, the microbubble formation according to the operating conditions and the oil removal characteristics according to the oil concentration of the produced water were evaluated experimentally. In the case of the proposed system through the micro-bubble generation test, it was possible to adjust the micro-bubble generation characteristics according to the pressure, the amount of gas, and the amount of circulating water. In addition, it can be seen that it affects the oil removal efficiency according to the formation form of the fine bubbles. In particular, the amount of nitrogen gas and the amount of circulating water had the greatest influence on the generation of micro-bubbles, and the oil removal performance could be evaluated by 97.1% depending on the cell composition.
The Society of Convergence Knowledge Transactions, Dec 1, 2019
In order to effectively control the leakage occurring in the water supply pipeline, it is necessa... more In order to effectively control the leakage occurring in the water supply pipeline, it is necessary to accurately grasp the pipeline performance and set a management goal appropriate to the situation. In this study, the types of pipelines were classified in consideration of local government financial status, and the pipeline performance of each type were evaluated using domestic and overseas performance indicators. As an indicator for classifying pipeline types, billed metered consumption that was most correlated with the population density (water population per length of distribution and service pip) was selected as the types of pipeline classification criterion. The billed metered consumption standards for dividing pipelines into three phases were set at 10 ML/km/year and 30 ML/km/year. The 161 local governments in Korea were classified as Type-I (33 local governments), Type-II (54 local governments), and Type-III (74 local governments). The water pipelines in the surveyed area (161 local governments) were divided by type and evaluated by ILI and revenue water rate indicators. The average ILI and revenue water rate of Type-I, which represent large cities and planned cities, are 4.0% and 88.9%, respectively, which shows that the pipline performance of Type-I is better than Type-II and III. The ILI value of Type-II is the highest (10.4), and it is urgent to prepare countermeasures by supporting pipeline improvement projects that are the same as Type-III.
Among a wide variety of alternative water resources, reclaimed water from waste-water has drawn m... more Among a wide variety of alternative water resources, reclaimed water from waste-water has drawn much attention, as it is considered a stable water resource to be substituted for agricultural, industrial, recreational, and public water. This study aimed to compare and evaluate the effects of tap water and reclaimed water on the corrosion of the inner surface of pipes. The investigated pipes included GSP (Galvanized Steel Pipe), CIP (Cast Iron Pipe), STSP (Stainless Steel Pipe), and PVCP (Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe). Assessment of corrosion impact on the different materials of pipes was conducted by analyzing the corrosion accelerators and inhibitors related to the characteristics of reclaimed water. Reclaimed water with higher ionic content showed a faster corrosion rate than tap water because corrosion accelerators have more of an effect on pipe corrosion than do corrosion inhibitors. In terms of pipe materials, the corrosion rate was fastest in CIP, followed by GSP, and STSP; PVCP exhibited no electrochemical corrosion.
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
This study aim to find the corrosion index of Tap water and Reclaimed water using KWI (Korea Wate... more This study aim to find the corrosion index of Tap water and Reclaimed water using KWI (Korea Water Index) and KRWI (Korea Reclaimed Water Index) method. The impact of corrosion inhibiting factors (pH ,hardness, alkalinity) and corrosion accelerating facor (TDS, chlorine ion, sulphate ion) has studied. The corrosion assessment method based on the corrosion index is used in predicting corrosion and offering information on the control of corrosive water quality.
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
There must be a reliable evaluation to collect correct data on the factors that affect pipe perfo... more There must be a reliable evaluation to collect correct data on the factors that affect pipe performance and to analyze the acquired data to upgrade the old water distribution network effectively. This study developed a procedure for collecting the data (basic investigation) of a water distribution network and evaluating deterioration using the acquired data. The basic investigation of the water distribution network is divided into routine investigation and accident investigation. It is a process consisting of setting up investigation areas, collecting background information, and examining 23 data sets (9 indirect data sets, 4 endoscope data sets, and 10 shell data sets) needed to evaluate the facilities technically. We then calculated the score for each data item and the overall score for each evaluation step to evaluate structural problems, hydraulic problems, leakage through joints, and water quality problems to assess the deterioration of the investigated facility accurately.
Wall decay reaction of residual chlorine in reclaimed water was evaluated through experiments usi... more Wall decay reaction of residual chlorine in reclaimed water was evaluated through experiments using the PVC pipe reactor under the lab test conditions. As a result of evaluating the biofilm formation in the supply pipe of reclaimed water, it was confirmed that there were limitations to prevent reclaimed water supply system from the biofilm formation even though residual chlorine existed in reclaimed water. It was confirmed that biofilm was a dominant factor to increase the wall decay constants. The range of wall decay constants under the lab test conditions was within 0.012-0.20 m/d. It implies that wall decay constants showed great dependence on water temperature, initial chlorine concentration, and pipe diameter. Wall decay constants appeared to increase as water temperature increased. Wall decay constants were higher at lower initial chlorine concentration regardless of water temperature and pipe diameter. Depending on pipe diameter, the increased pipe diameter was led to the decreased wall decay constant.
International Journal of Software Engineering and Its Applications, 2016
Under the circumstances in which the distribution rate of water supply reaches 98.6%, efforts for... more Under the circumstances in which the distribution rate of water supply reaches 98.6%, efforts for stable operation of facilities are being carried out through a variety of studies. The asset management of water supply system using a life cycle cost analysis model is expected to be settled and stabilized within the next decade through continuous researches. An analysis model is divided into several stages of initial installation cost, maintenance cost, and disposal/replacement cost. In this research, a portion of YW filtration plant's data was used to conduct an LCC analysis. Through an LCC analysis, asset management was performed and ways to efficiently distribute a budget and to ensure stability were proposed.
International Journal of Database Theory and Application, 2016
To standardize and construct an inventory database for a water supply system, an inheritance tree... more To standardize and construct an inventory database for a water supply system, an inheritance tree is constituted from Level 1 to 5 for specification of a classification structure for the water supply system. Level 1 is specified based on systems while Level 2 to 5 are specified to classify water supply systems by considering a structure's role, function and type for each system. Also, the property information for asset management of each structure is systematcially investigated and written on a form to enable standardization of an inventory database. The property information is divided into asset classification information, asset location spatial information, asset specification information and asset management-related information, and the definitions, types, units and descriptions of the examined data are systematcially organized
Uploads
Papers by Myeongsik Kong