Papers by Mustapha ibrahim garba
The Chemical Record
Among several known zeolites, silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO)-34 zeolite exhibits a distinct chemic... more Among several known zeolites, silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO)-34 zeolite exhibits a distinct chemical structure, unique pore size distribution, and chemical, thermal, and ion exchange capabilities, which have recently attracted considerable research attention. Global carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions are a serious environmental issue. Current atmospheric CO2 level exceeds 414 parts per million (ppm), which greatly influences humans, fauna, flora, and the ecosystem as a whole. Zeolites play a vital role in CO2 removal, recycling, and utilization. This review summarizes the properties of the SAPO-34 zeolite and its role in CO2 capture and separation from air and natural gas. In addition, due to their high thermal stability and catalytic nature, CO2 conversions into valuable products over single metal, bi-metallic, and tri-metallic catalysts and their oxides supported on SAPO-34 were also summarized. Considering these accomplishments, substantial problems related to SAPO-34 are discussed, and future recommendations are offered in detail to predict how SAPO-34 could be employed for greenhouse gas mitigation.
Textile industries produce effluents that are highly complex and are characterized by high BOD, C... more Textile industries produce effluents that are highly complex and are characterized by high BOD, COD, suspended solids, total dissolved solids, turbidity etc. In this study, coagulation using Moringa oleifera seed was used to reduce the suspended and colloidal materials responsible for turbidity of the wastewater. The seed powder was used as a natural coagulant to reduce turbidity, COD, pH, TDS, BOD, conductivity and absorbance of textile effluent. The tests were carried out using textile effluent with conventional test apparatus. Various results were obtained by increasing dosage of M. oleifera seed powder from 4g to 18g. Optimum dosage for reduction of COD, BOD, TDS, turbidity, conductivity and absorbance was determined, it was observed that the highest dose which is 18g has a greater efficiency in terms of reduction of the parameters tested with pH of 6.36, COD 9 mg/L, BOD 3mg/L, conductivity 60 µS/cm, TDS 160 mg/L, turbidity 0 NTU and absorbance of 0.044. The seed from Moringa ol...
The production of high premium fuel is an issue of priority to every refinery. The trans-hydrogen... more The production of high premium fuel is an issue of priority to every refinery. The trans-hydrogenation process was devised to convert two low value refinery cracked products to premium products; the conversion processes involve the combination of dehydrogenation and hydrogenation reactions as a single step process. The low value refinery products (i.e. alkanes and alkynes or alkadienes) have been converted to alkenes (olefins) by trans-hydrogenation using catalysts system based on VOx, CrOx and Pt all supported on alumina. Although trans-hydrogenation has been disclosed in many patents over decades, only little academic literature is available. The success of the process over various catalysts has been claimed in many of these patents. However, further studies are still required to ascertain the actual reaction mechanism, mitigating carbon deposition and catalyst deactivation, and the role of different catalysts to optimize the reaction desired products. The current research work ev...
Nanomaterials, 2021
Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) provides a promising approach to curbing harmful e... more Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) provides a promising approach to curbing harmful emissions contributing to global warming. However, several challenges hinder the commercialization of this technology, including high overpotentials, electrode instability, and low Faradic efficiencies of desirable products. Several materials have been developed to overcome these challenges. This mini-review discusses the recent performance of various cobalt (Co) electrocatalysts, including Co-single atom, Co-multi metals, Co-complexes, Co-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), Co-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs), Co-nitrides, and Co-oxides. These materials are reviewed with respect to their stability of facilitating CO2 conversion to valuable products, and a summary of the current literature is highlighted, along with future perspectives for the development of efficient CO2RR.
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2021
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry, 2021
:Catalysts contribute significantly to the industrial revolution in terms of reaction rates and r... more :Catalysts contribute significantly to the industrial revolution in terms of reaction rates and reduction in production costs. Extensive research has been documented on various industrial catalysis in the last few decades. The performance of catalysts is influenced by many parameters, including synthesis methods. The current work overviews the most common methods applied for the synthesis of supported catalysts. This review presents the detailed background, principles, and mechanism of each preparation method. The advantages and limitations of each method have also been elaborated in detail. In addition, the applications of each method in terms of catalyst synthesis have been documented in the present review paper.
Applied Petrochemical Research, 2020
Transhydrogenation of pentane (P) and 1,5-hexadiene (1,5HD) and pentane and 2,4-hexadiene (2,4HD)... more Transhydrogenation of pentane (P) and 1,5-hexadiene (1,5HD) and pentane and 2,4-hexadiene (2,4HD) was studied over a CrOx/alumina catalyst at 523–773 K. Thermodynamic stability differences between the conjugated (2,4-hexadiene) and non-conjugated (1,5-hexadiene) isomers indicated that transhydrogenation was favoured between pentane and 1,5-hexadiene but not pentane and 2,4-hexadiene (+ ve ∆G). At 773 K a significantly enhanced alkene yield was observed for the P/1,5HD system, clearly showing the effect of transhydrogenation. The yield of alkenes was ~ 50% and included alkylated and isomerized alkenes. Alkylation and isomerization were significant reactions under reaction conditions. Pentane was shown to affect the chemistry of 1,5HD and vice versa with the conversion of pentane significantly enhanced at all reaction temperatures, indicating a molecular interaction between the reactants even when transhydrogenation was not obvious. In contrast, no effect on the conversion of pentane ...
Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2019
Water pollution by human activities is major issue. In particular, toxic metals are of particular... more Water pollution by human activities is major issue. In particular, toxic metals are of particular concern, thus calling for advanced methods to remove metals from contaminated waters. Here we review the use of polymeric complexing agents such as pectin, alginate, chitosan, polyethyleneimine, polyacetic acid, polystyrene sulfonate sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol and diethylaminoethyl cellulose, to increase the efficiency of metal removal up to 100% by ultrafiltration.
Applied Petrochemical Research, 2019
The transhydrogenation of pentane (P) and 1-hexyne (1HY) was investigated over 4% CrO x /Al 2 O 3... more The transhydrogenation of pentane (P) and 1-hexyne (1HY) was investigated over 4% CrO x /Al 2 O 3 and potassium-doped 4% CrO x /Al 2 O 3 catalysts over a range of temperatures (523-773 K) with a 5:1 P:1HY ratio. Over the CrO x /Al 2 O 3 catalyst, transhydrogenation clearly occurred at temperatures below 625 K where the yield of alkenes was higher for the co-fed system than for a combination of the individual yields. Due to the acidic nature of the alumina, many of the products were alkylated olefins and alkylated hydrocarbons formed by coincident alkylation and isomerisation. When pentane was added to a feed containing 1-hexyne, the extent of carbon deposition was reduced. By comparing transhydrogenation to limited hydrogen 1-hexyne hydrogenation at 623 K, it was shown that the processes of hydrogenation and transhydrogenation were different, with hydrogenation favouring alkanes, while transhydrogenation favoured alkenes. This may be because pentane dehydrogenation only releases two hydrogen atoms, which only allows 1-hexyne to hydrogenate to 1-hexene. Therefore, if the rate of alkene isomerisation and desorption is faster than that of pentane dehydrogenation, only alkenes will be observed. The latter proposal would suggest that the dehydrogenation/hydrogenation process is closely coupled and would be consistent with pentane influencing 1-hexyne surface chemistry. The effect of the potassium doping was to increase the yield of alkenes. The reason for this may be related to changes in the nature of the surface chromia species. The potassium also neutralised the acid sites on the alumina, reducing the extent of alkylation and hydrogenolysis, which suppressed the formation of other alkynes in the product mix.
Journal of Physical Science, 2018
The persistent growth in the global population has accounted for the continuous increase in the u... more The persistent growth in the global population has accounted for the continuous increase in the use of gasoline-based automobile engines. Although the application of gasoline additives such as tetraethyl lead (TEL), oxygenates and metal carbonyls like methyl cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MCT) has been considered suitable for gasoline quality upgrading, the numerous challenges that include environmental pollution and destruction to catalytic converters attributed to search for better valorisation options. The hydrogenation of hydrocarbon fractions from petroleum refining is a forefront issue recently adopted by refineries worldwide. The process involves the incorporation of suitable catalytic systems under hydrogen atmosphere to upgrade hydrocarbons into similar derivatives of better gasoline properties. The paper carefully tailored a series of recently published literature on the various aspect of the hydrogen process with emphasis to catalyst design and testing, mechanisms, industrial perspective and challenges. Areas for further investigations were also discussed.
Applied Petrochemical Research, 2016
The production of high premium fuel is an issue of priority to every refinery. The trans-hydrogen... more The production of high premium fuel is an issue of priority to every refinery. The trans-hydrogenation process is devised to convert two low valued refinery cracked products to premium products; the conversion processes involve the combination of dehydrogenation and hydrogenation reaction as a single step process. The paper reviews the recent literature on the use of catalysts to convert low value refinery products (i.e. alkanes and alkynes or alkadienes) to alkenes (olefins) by trans-hydrogenation. Catalysts based on VO x , CrO x and Pt all supported on alumina have been used for the process. However, further studies are still required to ascertain the actual reaction mechanism, mitigating carbon deposition and catalyst deactivation, and the role of different catalysts to optimize the reaction desired products.
All Days, 2014
Setting a conventional cement plug is nearly unsuccessful when there is any wellbore flow especia... more Setting a conventional cement plug is nearly unsuccessful when there is any wellbore flow especially for the zechstein formations. As such, the used of sodium silicate remain the common option. The silicate polymerization and gelation has been used in well formation to plug holes and reduce the catastrophic flow which cause a lot of production loses. This is usually encountered during drilling rocks zone producing large amount of water or brine. This could result in large volume of the drilling fluid lost into the formation and consequently reduce the effectiveness of the drilling operations. The total successfulness of sodium silicate/cement squeeze depends strongly on whether the cement placed in the desired place without any contamination. Contamination from Oil Base Mud (OBM), Brine influx in the formation can affect the properties of the cement and lead to the failure of it is placement. Other factors include too low concentration of the silicate and or fresh water dilution may...
This research focused and analyze some problems that militate the effective use of ICT on Islamic... more This research focused and analyze some problems that militate the effective use of ICT on Islamic education in secondary schools. These problems include: Lack of technical knowhow by the teachers, Interest of parental influence, Lack of maintenance, Lack of political will to support ICT programme, Inadequate provision of modern ICT facilities, Irregular power supply and Lack of Arabic language to use Islamic gadget. Survey research design is adopted in the study and validated self-structure questionnaire is raise and use to obtain data about 111 questionnaires were randomly distributed to both public and private secondary school teachers in Jos, Plateau state. The quantitative data returned were evaluated using descriptive statistics and further analyzed using Independent sample Mann-Whitney U test in (SPSS version 25). The results of the study reveal that there is an Insignificant difference between public and private secondary school to the challenges faces to effective use of ICT...
Argumentation concerns the ability of students to defend the views they raise in their essays. Th... more Argumentation concerns the ability of students to defend the views they raise in their essays. This work is an investigation about the argumentative quality of students essay writing in some selected tertiary institutions in Kano State with view to identifying the form and nature of the problems militating against students' ability to maintain the content of the topic in writing skills. The selected schools constitute three hundred (300) students of 3 selected tertiary institutions in Kano state were selected using a stratified sample technique which one hundred (100) students were sampled based on the Morgan and Kryjcre sampling table. The study uses the methodology of selecting at random fifty (50) essays among those written by the population size of the research. The said scripts have been analyzed using the traditionalist paradigms and a new profile scale and profile methods. 2, for syntactic analysis. Students' good and bad usage of writing skills have been highlighted and discussed. The summary of the result was presented using simple percentage.
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Papers by Mustapha ibrahim garba