In order to contribute to the development of larval rearing technologies of dusky kob, Argyrosomu... more In order to contribute to the development of larval rearing technologies of dusky kob, Argyrosomus japonicus, we studied the morphology and histology of the larval digestive system from hatching to 30 days after hatch. At hatch, the digestive tract appeared as a simple tube. The mouth was closed (endogenous feeding) and it opened by 65 degree days (DD). Supranuclear vacuoles appeared by 88 DD, initiating exogenous feeding. By 145 DD, the oil globule had disappeared. The stomach, intestine, rectum and gastric glands were visible by 224 DD. Number and size of supranuclear vacuoles began to decrease with progressive vacuolisation of the enterocytes and intestinal folds became obvious. The rectum was well differentiated at 338 DD but lacked supranuclear vacuoles in the enterocytes, suggesting limited nutrient absorption. At this stage, lipid absorption shifted to the hindgut, which now contained many lipid vacuoles. Goblet cells were visible in the midgut as gastric glands appeared, and their number increased from 292 DD. At the start of the third developmental phase, the larvae had a fully functional digestive system.
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals becaus... more Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals because of their frequent proximity to water and physiological and anatomical adaptations related to diving, which also influence their anaesthesia management. Anaesthetising and immobilising entangled seals does not allow for selection of animals that are at a safe distance from the water’s edge. Medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol (MMB) sedation was trialled on eight entangled Cape fur seals (CFS) (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) to determine if it was safe to use on animals that entered the water post-darting. The MMB was given at an estimated dose of 0.03 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively, via remote darting. Sedation was reversed with intramuscular atipamezole (0.15 mg/kg) and naltrexone (0.4 mg/kg) to antagonise the effects of medetomidine and butorphanol, respectively. Moderate sedation was achieved in six animals. Six of the animals entered the water after being darted. Ther...
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals becaus... more Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals because of their frequent proximity to water and physiological and anatomical adaptations related to diving, which also influence their anaesthesia management. Anaesthetising and immobilising entangled seals does not allow for selection of animals that are at a safe distance from the water’s edge. Medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol (MMB) sedation was trialled on eight entangled Cape fur seals (CFS) (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) to determine if it was safe to use on animals that entered the water post-darting. The MMB was given at an estimated dose of 0.03 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively, via remote darting. Sedation was reversed with intramuscular atipamezole (0.15 mg/kg) and naltrexone (0.4 mg/kg) to antagonise the effects of medetomidine and butorphanol, respectively. Moderate sedation was achieved in six animals. Six of the animals entered the water after being darted. Ther...
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals becaus... more Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals because of their frequent proximity to water and physiological and anatomical adaptations related to diving, which also influence their anaesthesia management. Anaesthetising and immobilising entangled seals does not allow for selection of animals that are at a safe distance from the water’s edge. Medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol (MMB) sedation was trialled on eight entangled Cape fur seals (CFS) (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) to determine if it was safe to use on animals that entered the water post-darting. The MMB was given at an estimated dose of 0.03 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively, via remote darting. Sedation was reversed with intramuscular atipamezole (0.15 mg/kg) and naltrexone (0.4 mg/kg) to antagonise the effects of medetomidine and butorphanol, respectively. Moderate sedation was achieved in six animals. Six of the animals entered the water after being darted. Ther...
For most marine scientists, unless we work in the field of fisheries development or at the interf... more For most marine scientists, unless we work in the field of fisheries development or at the interface of science and policy, it is rare to feel that we are making an impact on the lives of people in the wider community. Most research scientists at universities and government laboratories also have limited opportunity to engage with schools and the general public outside of once-a-year open days. But beyond the science and networking, conferences, especially international conferences, can provide a myriad of opportunities for us to redress both these issues in a way that enriches all. Here, we describe the programme of development-related activities that supported the 6th International Jellyfish Blooms Symposium, and their impact, and we urge it be used as a template for other scientific meetings in the future. Jellyfish are far more than merely an interesting find on the beach. On the one hand, when abundant, jellyfish can cause economic harm to the tourism, aquaculture, fisheries and energy sectors 1 , but on the other hand, they provide food for other animals, e.g. turtles, shelter for juvenile fish and a potential resource to exploit 2. In recognition of their role in marine ecosystems, the international jellyfish community updates and renews itself at a conference every 3 years or so. The first meeting was held in the USA in January 2000 and after conferences in Australia, Argentina, Japan and Spain, Africa's turn came in 2019, after Monty Graham (University of Southern Mississippi) convinced one of us (M.J.G.) to host the conference at the University of the Western Cape. 'Whilst Africa may have witnessed the evolution of Homo sapiens sapiens, she is nevertheless young and inexperienced … in so many ways. Consequently, the conference will focus on development in its broadest sense…'. These sentences open paragraph two on the conference webpage (http://www.jellyfishbloom2019.co.za), and effectively encapsulated our thoughts on both the science programme and ancillary activities.
In order to contribute to the development of larval rearing technologies of dusky kob, Argyrosomu... more In order to contribute to the development of larval rearing technologies of dusky kob, Argyrosomus japonicus, we studied the morphology and histology of the larval digestive system from hatching to 30 days after hatch. At hatch, the digestive tract appeared as a simple tube. The mouth was closed (endogenous feeding) and it opened by 65 degree days (DD). Supranuclear vacuoles appeared by 88 DD, initiating exogenous feeding. By 145 DD, the oil globule had disappeared. The stomach, intestine, rectum and gastric glands were visible by 224 DD. Number and size of supranuclear vacuoles began to decrease with progressive vacuolisation of the enterocytes and intestinal folds became obvious. The rectum was well differentiated at 338 DD but lacked supranuclear vacuoles in the enterocytes, suggesting limited nutrient absorption. At this stage, lipid absorption shifted to the hindgut, which now contained many lipid vacuoles. Goblet cells were visible in the midgut as gastric glands appeared, and their number increased from 292 DD. At the start of the third developmental phase, the larvae had a fully functional digestive system.
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals becaus... more Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals because of their frequent proximity to water and physiological and anatomical adaptations related to diving, which also influence their anaesthesia management. Anaesthetising and immobilising entangled seals does not allow for selection of animals that are at a safe distance from the water’s edge. Medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol (MMB) sedation was trialled on eight entangled Cape fur seals (CFS) (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) to determine if it was safe to use on animals that entered the water post-darting. The MMB was given at an estimated dose of 0.03 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively, via remote darting. Sedation was reversed with intramuscular atipamezole (0.15 mg/kg) and naltrexone (0.4 mg/kg) to antagonise the effects of medetomidine and butorphanol, respectively. Moderate sedation was achieved in six animals. Six of the animals entered the water after being darted. Ther...
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals becaus... more Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals because of their frequent proximity to water and physiological and anatomical adaptations related to diving, which also influence their anaesthesia management. Anaesthetising and immobilising entangled seals does not allow for selection of animals that are at a safe distance from the water’s edge. Medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol (MMB) sedation was trialled on eight entangled Cape fur seals (CFS) (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) to determine if it was safe to use on animals that entered the water post-darting. The MMB was given at an estimated dose of 0.03 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively, via remote darting. Sedation was reversed with intramuscular atipamezole (0.15 mg/kg) and naltrexone (0.4 mg/kg) to antagonise the effects of medetomidine and butorphanol, respectively. Moderate sedation was achieved in six animals. Six of the animals entered the water after being darted. Ther...
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals becaus... more Anaesthesia in pinnipeds is considered a much higher risk than in most terrestrial mammals because of their frequent proximity to water and physiological and anatomical adaptations related to diving, which also influence their anaesthesia management. Anaesthetising and immobilising entangled seals does not allow for selection of animals that are at a safe distance from the water’s edge. Medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol (MMB) sedation was trialled on eight entangled Cape fur seals (CFS) (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) to determine if it was safe to use on animals that entered the water post-darting. The MMB was given at an estimated dose of 0.03 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively, via remote darting. Sedation was reversed with intramuscular atipamezole (0.15 mg/kg) and naltrexone (0.4 mg/kg) to antagonise the effects of medetomidine and butorphanol, respectively. Moderate sedation was achieved in six animals. Six of the animals entered the water after being darted. Ther...
For most marine scientists, unless we work in the field of fisheries development or at the interf... more For most marine scientists, unless we work in the field of fisheries development or at the interface of science and policy, it is rare to feel that we are making an impact on the lives of people in the wider community. Most research scientists at universities and government laboratories also have limited opportunity to engage with schools and the general public outside of once-a-year open days. But beyond the science and networking, conferences, especially international conferences, can provide a myriad of opportunities for us to redress both these issues in a way that enriches all. Here, we describe the programme of development-related activities that supported the 6th International Jellyfish Blooms Symposium, and their impact, and we urge it be used as a template for other scientific meetings in the future. Jellyfish are far more than merely an interesting find on the beach. On the one hand, when abundant, jellyfish can cause economic harm to the tourism, aquaculture, fisheries and energy sectors 1 , but on the other hand, they provide food for other animals, e.g. turtles, shelter for juvenile fish and a potential resource to exploit 2. In recognition of their role in marine ecosystems, the international jellyfish community updates and renews itself at a conference every 3 years or so. The first meeting was held in the USA in January 2000 and after conferences in Australia, Argentina, Japan and Spain, Africa's turn came in 2019, after Monty Graham (University of Southern Mississippi) convinced one of us (M.J.G.) to host the conference at the University of the Western Cape. 'Whilst Africa may have witnessed the evolution of Homo sapiens sapiens, she is nevertheless young and inexperienced … in so many ways. Consequently, the conference will focus on development in its broadest sense…'. These sentences open paragraph two on the conference webpage (http://www.jellyfishbloom2019.co.za), and effectively encapsulated our thoughts on both the science programme and ancillary activities.
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