Papers by Muhammad Khalil
Women’s role in a nation’s growth and prosperity cannot be denied today. They are not only creati... more Women’s role in a nation’s growth and prosperity cannot be denied today. They are not only creating wealth and jobs but at the same time they are also providing diversified and innovative touch to the existing system. Today women entrepreneurs represent the fastest growing segment of small businesses and educated population which has resulted in more stable and stronger version of a country’s economy. Women empowerment is a common discussion topic in the world but even today women led enterprises face several challenges. This study focuses on the role of prior family business exposure, motivation and growth intention on financial bootstrapping among women entrepreneurs using quantitative strategy and cross sectional research design. Sample of 320 women entrepreneurs has been selected and survey questionnaire technique has been used to collect the data using convenient sampling technique. Results of the study suggest that there is a positive and significant effect of motivation, grow...
The purpose of this study was to know about the potential effect of geogebra software on students... more The purpose of this study was to know about the potential effect of geogebra software on students' mathematical thinking and to explore thinking structure in analytic geometry. To investigate geogebra effect, a sample of forty students (grade-12) of F.G Boys Inter College Mardan Cantt was selected. Further, they were divided on the basis of their grade-11 scores record into experimental and control group. Two groups with almost equal statistical background were constructed through pair random sampling and with the same compatibility in the biological age and the social background. A six week experiment of 22 lessons was prepared and two teaching methods (tradition vs geogebra aided instructions) were tested for two groups (Experimental vs Control). The data were collected through researcher made test. To find the significance means differences of the two groups, t-test was used. The study showed that there were statistically significant differences between the means of two group...
Journal of Business & Tourism, 2021
The main objective of current study was to analyze the impact of representativeness and anchoring... more The main objective of current study was to analyze the impact of representativeness and anchoring on the trade returns of individual investors with the mediating role of financial literacy. In this connection hypotheses were developed on the basis of behavioral finance literature. The data was collected on 5-point likert scale questionnaires which were adopted from various authors. The collected data was checked for reliability and correlation analysis and regression models were run. On the basis of results obtained from analysis the four hypotheses which were developed have been accepted. It was concluded that representativeness and anchoring has significant positive impact while the financial literacy has mediating impact on the trade returns of investors. It is recommended that more the financial literacy less risk of behavioral biases impact on investment thus investors should gain financial literacy for taking rational investment decision and good trade returns.
Mathematical thinking is the habit of mind. It is important for school as it activates and regula... more Mathematical thinking is the habit of mind. It is important for school as it activates and regulates thinking that is essential for conceptual learning. Although, mathematics’ educationists are undivided in this that conceptual learning is a tough cognitive activity and uncontroversial aim of mathematics education. Piaget described this conceptual learning process in four discrete stages that transcend with the passage of time. In mathematics, developing concept is a long term process, independent of age and it progresses in stages. And each stage requires proper mathematical thinking behavior that evokes different images of related concept. This article explained the process of concept that depends upon four interconnected mathematical thinking stages with reference to Piaget’s stages rather than age. Despite the formal age of a person, a person will be in the first stage of a specific concept if he/she does not have the sense of concept. The critical conclusion of this article rev...
The use of various nanoparticles in industry and domestic practices enviably end into the aquatic... more The use of various nanoparticles in industry and domestic practices enviably end into the aquatic environment. Nanoparticles have the potential accumulative and toxic influence in the water environments. There is a need to exploremore likely accumulation of nanoparticles in the aquatic organisms. This study was designed to investigate the possible bioaccumulation of TiO2, CuO and ZnO nanoparticles to tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Fish were exposed to three doses of nanoparticles suspensions T0 (no dose administration), T1 (0.5 mg/L), T2 (1.0 mg/L) and T3 (1.5 mg/L) for 14 days. After 14 days, animals were slaughtered and organs (gills, liver and muscles) were freeze dried. Freeze dried tissue samples were digested with the help of nitric acid (HNO3) and perchloric acid (HClO4). Acid digested samples were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrophotometry (ICP-MS) foraccumulation of Ti, Cu and Zn nanoparticles in various tissues (gills, liver and muscles). Ti and Cu accumulation in gills was recorded to be 5.7033 and 3.7133 µg/Kg respectively,whereas, maximum Zn accumulation (2375.3 µg/Kg) was observed in liver. It was concluded from the present study that the strategy applied to assess the bioaccumulation of nanoparticles in the soft tissues of fish is very useful tracking method to determine the accretion in aquatic organisms.
Cogent Business & Management, 2021
The purpose of this study is to examine the role of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in determini... more The purpose of this study is to examine the role of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in determining the enterprise performance (EP) during Covid-19. Moreover, in context of this relationship, the mediating role of entrepreneurial competencies (EC) has also been investigated in influencing the EO and EP connection. This quantitative study employs techniques for operationalizing and quantifying the variables under consideration followed by various statistical operations using SPSS and AMOS in order to test and explore the relationship as proposed in the conceptual framework, using data from 386 small enterprises as sample identified through Systematic random sampling. The analysis revealed that a positive relationship exists among all the constructs directly as well as through the mediator (EC). However, the strongest direct relation existed between risk taking propensity ABOUT THE AUTHOR Mr Khan is an Academic Specialist in Riphah International University and doing his PhD in Administrative Sciences (Management) from University of the Punjab, Pakistan. His areas of interest include governance, public administration, management, leadership and entrepreneurship. Dr Zubair is an Assistant Professor in Administrative Sciences (Management). His areas of interest include governance, public administration, management, TQM, higher education and entrepreneurship. Dr Rathore is PhD in International Development from University of Birmingham, UK and currently serving as Assistant Professor in IAS. His areas of interest is leadership, change management, and higher education. Ms Ijaz is a higher research degree candidate at Macquarie University Business School. Her research areas include economic analysis, public policy development, labour market and organizational research.
International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 2019
One of the reasons to use technology in education is to visualize and explore the insight of math... more One of the reasons to use technology in education is to visualize and explore the insight of mathematics with optimum possibilities. Geogebra gives visual meaning to symbolic ideas along with optimum dynamic possibilities. The purpose of this experimental study was to know about the potential effect of dynamic geometry software on diverse students' mathematical thinking behavior. For which a sample of forty students (grade-12) of F.G Inter College for Boys Mardan Cantt was selected. On the of their previous grade-11 standardized exams two groups along with their nested factors higher and lower achievers students were constructed. To investigate students' mathematical thinking basis in the subject of analytic geometry, a model behavior of thinking with its six aspects was constructed on the basis of this model a well-design criterion test was developed for data collection. The six dependent variables were combined together to form the total mathematical thinking in this research study. Further, six week experiments of 22 lessons were prepared and two teaching methods traditional vs DGS (Dynamic Geometry Software) aided instructions were tested for two groups with almost equal statistical background and with the same compatibility in the biological age. Two hypotheses were carried out i.e. Treatment does not significantly affect the higher and low achievers of the two groups in mathematical thinking mean scores. To check the significant effect of the treatment on the students' overall mathematical thinking variable across the groups, the two-way (ANOVA) was used and analyzed through as statistical tool SPSS. The study findings showed that treatment did significantly affect the higher and lower achievers of the two groups in mathematical thinking mean scores.
Management Science Letters, 2021
Entrepreneurial Self Efficacy (ESE) has gained immense importance in the past few years in the fi... more Entrepreneurial Self Efficacy (ESE) has gained immense importance in the past few years in the field of entrepreneurship. The focus of this study is to test the effect of each of the five dimensions of ESE and understand their importance in connection with firms’ performance. This study was carried out among small businesses entrepreneurs in Pakistan and a valid sample of 353 entrepreneurs was selected for this purpose. A survey technique was used for data collection and AMOS was used for data analysis. In line with expectation, the analysis concluded a significant positive relationship between ESE dimensions and performance of small businesses. It was also concluded that the Risk dimension of ESE contributes majorly in the improvement of firms’ performance whereas the financial control dimension of ESE contribution was least. It is also suggested that all five dimensions of ESE are important to achieve desirable performance outcomes.
EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 2018
This research provides the instructional exploration of analytic geometry pattern based on van Hi... more This research provides the instructional exploration of analytic geometry pattern based on van Hiele thinking pattern, and the potential of GeoGebra effect on experimental group along with its nested group (high and low achievers) in comparison with control group in analytic geometry. To investigate the significant effect of GeoGebra, the two match groups were constructed on their previous grade-11 mathematics records with almost equal statistical background and with the same compatibility in the biological age. Further, six-week experiments of 22 lessons were prepared and two teaching methods (tradition vs DGS aided instructions) were tested. Three hypotheses were carried out i.e. Treatment does not significantly affect, the two groups in mathematical achievement mean scores and, the higher and low achievers of the two groups in mathematical achievement mean scores. To measure the treatment effect, t-test was used by SPSS. Analyses of the research revealed that experimental group performed well, while; GeoGebra was influential in favor of low achievers in comparison to control low achievers.
PLANNING MALAYSIA JOURNAL, 2019
Although few studies have attempted to explain residents’ waste handling behaviour from social an... more Although few studies have attempted to explain residents’ waste handling behaviour from social and psychological perspective, yet, there is little understanding regarding the influence of households’ moral obligation, consequences awareness, and perceived lack of facilitating conditions on forming recycling intention. This study aims at investigating the key determinants of household recycling intention using the extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Data collected from 422 households in Kano metropolis were analysed using structural equation modelling to determine the influence of each predictor on the recycling intention. The results indicate that attitude, subjective norms, personal norm, consequences awareness and perceived lack of facilitating conditions significantly predict recycling intention, with attitude being the most significant predictor of households’ intention. Additional analysis on the effect of households’ income level on their recycling intention shows that...
Case Reports in Gastroenterology, 2016
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) was first described in 1960. It may occur as a complicat... more Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) was first described in 1960. It may occur as a complication of gonadotropin hormone therapy during assisted pregnancy or for primary infertility. A 26-year-old female patient with polycystic ovarian syndrome and primary infertility was treated to conceive. She received intravenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) along with follicle-stimulating hormone in an outside private clinic. She presented to the emergency department with abdominal and chest pain, loose stool, vomiting, shortness of breath and decreasing urine output. She was found to have edema, ascites, effusion and acute kidney injury (AKI). Considering the symptoms preceding the drug history and anasarca, a diagnosis of severe OHSS was made. Ascites was further complicated by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), which had already been reported before. We speculate that low immunity due to decreased immunoglobulin in patients with OHSS makes them prone to SBP. In our case, s...
World Applied Sciences Journal
The present experimental work is to study drier in the form of solar air heater that dries Aprico... more The present experimental work is to study drier in the form of solar air heater that dries Apricots(Prunus armeniaca). A small dish type solar air heater, connected to a drying chamber was developed in May, 2012 to evaluate its performance for drying apricots. The efficiency of this solar air heater was evaluated in May, 2012 at three air flow rates. Results showed that flow rates significantly (P< 0.000) affected the efficiency of the solar air heater. Efficiency improved from 20% at the natural flow rate of 0.01kg. secG1 to 42.6% at a high convective flow rate of 0.21 kg. secG1. Furthermore apricots were dehydrated at a temperature of 50 °C and less than 15% relative humidity. Apricots were dried to a moisture content of less than 8%. It was experiential that apricots took 13 hours of lost moisture from 85% to 8%. It was concluded that solar air heaters must be operated at high flow rates to get maximum efficiency to get valuable drying of apricots.
Journal of Transplantation, 2014
Objectives. Brunei Darussalam has a high prevalence and incidence of end stage renal disease (ESR... more Objectives. Brunei Darussalam has a high prevalence and incidence of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Up until 2012, all renal transplantations were performed in overseas centres, either as government-sponsored (living-related transplantation) or as self-sponsored (commercialized transplantation) ones. We hypothesize that graft and patient survival of Brunei renal transplant patients are on a par with international standards.Materials and Methods. Data of all renal transplant patients in Brunei were analysed over a twenty-year period from registry records and case notes. Comparative survival data from other countries were obtained from PubMed-listed literature.Results. A total of 49 transplantation procedures were performed in foreign centres between 1993 and 2012. 29 were government-sponsored and 20 were self-sponsored transplantations. The 5- and 10-year overall patient survival rates were 93.3% and 90.1%, respectively. The 5- and 10-year overall graft survival rates were 91.1% and...
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2014
Purpose: To determine the major reasons, sources, diseases and drugs responsible for increasing t... more Purpose: To determine the major reasons, sources, diseases and drugs responsible for increasing trend of self-medication. Method: A community-based cross-sectional survey was carried out in the district of Faisalabad in Pakistan. Respondents (1488) were classified on the basis of age, sex, education, lifestyle and their economical level. A questionnaire was distributed among the sample population to collect data. Results: Majority of respondents involved in self-medication were aged between 15 and 20 years. Family members (N = 717, 48 %) were considered the major source of information for self-medicated drugs. Lack of time (N = 504, 37 %) while economic issues (N = 485, 33 %) were the major reasons for self-medication. Medical stores were the source of drug purchase by 1087 (73 %) respondents. Headache (N = 772, 52 %) and fever (N = 600, 40 %) were the main indications for self-medication while 694 respondents reported that they engage in single-dose self-medication. Paracetamol (N = 689, 46 %), other analgesics (N = 488, 33 %), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (N = 680, 46 %) were reported to be used frequently for self-medication. Conclusion: Self-medication is prevalent in the Pakistani community due to easy access to over the counter (OTC) and prescription-only medicines (POM). This may lead to untoward effects in consumers of the products. Special interventions by relevant regulatory agencies regarding the sale of the drugs are therefore required.
Sustainability
Currently, organizations often take into consideration the environmental, social, and governance ... more Currently, organizations often take into consideration the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles by following a more inclusive approach together with potential other emerging practices that attract more consumers who have particular affiliations with the environment. This study investigates the influence of social and environmental sustainability awareness practices on impulse buying through a proposed set of hypotheses. The hypothetical model is based on (441) valid responses from Omani buyers via an online research survey. Data were processed using CFA and SEM techniques. Results indicate that social and environmental sustainability awareness has a productive relationship with green trust that strengthens impulse buying. Environmental sustainability awareness positively links with green altruism, which further enhances the impulse. By taking gender as a moderator, it has an encouraging impact on social and environmental sustainability awareness. Environmental sust...
Recycling, 2017
Improper handling of household solid waste causes problems that affect public health and the envi... more Improper handling of household solid waste causes problems that affect public health and the environment, as well as the aesthetic nature of cities. This paper aims to determine if the theory of planned behavior (TPB), and its extended version can be used to predict household recycling intention (RI), and whether perceived lack of facilitating conditions have a moderating role on households' RI in Nigeria. Data from a sample of 393 households from Kano metropolis Nigeria were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The result reveals that the TPB Model predicts households RI in Nigeria and explains 42% of the variance in RI. Attitude is the most important predictor of RI in the TPB model (β = 0.593, p = 0.000). However, after personal norm (PN) was added into the model, the variance in RI increases to 58% and PN becomes the most important predictor of RI in the extended TPB model (β = 0.496, p = 0.000). Perceived lack of facilitating condition was found to have a significant moderating effect on households' RI. Finally, our findings show that providing households with recycling facilities and local collections holds great promise for improving households' intention to recycle.
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Papers by Muhammad Khalil