Papers by Muhammad Kashif
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 2021
Tillage is an important factor affecting different soil properties and crop yields. Tillage relat... more Tillage is an important factor affecting different soil properties and crop yields. Tillage relates to applying forces to soil using different implements for preparation of a proper seed bed. For rice crop, land preparation is a rigorous and time consuming operation that needs special attention for preparing a puddled soil condition to transplant the weak and tender rice seedlings. A field experiment was established under agro-ecological conditions of Sheikhupura to evaluate different land preparation techniques during fall in 2017 and 2018 years. The experiment was performed at Adaptive Research Farm Sheikhupura. It was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four different land preparation techniques including T1= Cultivator (4 times) + Planking (2 times) (Farmer’s Practice), T2=MB plough (1 time) + Disc Harrow (1 time) + Planking (2 Times), T3=MB plough (1 time) + Cultivator (2 times) + Planking (2 Times) and T4= Rotavator (1 time) + Disc Harrow (1 time) + Planki...
In this work, by using Jet nebulizer technique Indium oxide thin films on the glass substrates wa... more In this work, by using Jet nebulizer technique Indium oxide thin films on the glass substrates was deposited, and it was annealed for different substrate temperatures 350º, 375º, 400º, 425º, and 450˚C. Different techniques such as X-ray diffractometer, ultravioletvisible-near infrared (UV-vis-NIR), and Scanning electron Microscopy techniques have been used for the characterization of indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles. It was found that the as-prepared In 2 O 3 powder is a pure single phase and is stable up to 350º C. The size of the particles is in the range of greater than 23 nm was determined by using Scherrer equation. The band gap was found to vary linearly with the annealing temperature. The optical transmittance was obtained nearly equal to 84%.
Frontiers in Optics / Laser Science
We theoretically and experimentally investigate the optical properties arising from the illuminat... more We theoretically and experimentally investigate the optical properties arising from the illumination of a subset of elements in FIB-milled 2D-periodic arrays of gold nanoplatelets with sub-20-nm gaps.
The objective of our research is to know the factors that impact on brand equity. The study consi... more The objective of our research is to know the factors that impact on brand equity. The study considered the brand awareness and loyalty of brand, to search out that how these influence the brand equity. The study was based on the primary which gathered from 200 respondents by means of a questionnaire. The application of random sampling technique are used and statistical tool like SPSS software was used for checking the reliability of questionnaire and for revealing the result of this research the correlation analysis are used. The research result indicates that the brand awareness and loyalty influence the brand equity. Main focus of every business is the customer attraction, the findings and recommendation of this research will help the managers to develop insight of research factors about the brand equity.
Applied Physics A
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were deposited on fluorine tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substr... more Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were deposited on fluorine tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrate using spin-coating techniques and as-deposited films were sensitized with various dyes. A series of azo derivatives (2, 5a-b) having different structures were successfully prepared through the process of the azo coupling reaction. KAZO 6 was successfully synthesized by esterification of kojic acid obtained from sago waste with azo 5a. These azo dye were examined using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) to obtain the vertical excitation, electron distribution, energy levels, band gap, and light-harvesting efficiency in the ground and excited state. The obtained values exhibited a good correlation with the experimental values. Efficiency enhancement was reported by the incorporation of KAZO 6 with curcumin extracted from turmeric. Spectroscopy and optical properties of synthesized dyes were characterized using CHNS elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and UV–Vis spectroscopies. KAZO 6 displayed an efficiency of 1.59% compared to azo derivatives 0.13–1.12%. The efficiency of KAZO 6 enhanced from 1.59 to 1.74% with the incorporation of turmeric dye.
Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies
PurposeIt has been demonstrated in the US market that expected market excess returns can be predi... more PurposeIt has been demonstrated in the US market that expected market excess returns can be predicted using the average higher-order moments of all firms. This study aims to empirically test this theory in emerging markets.Design/methodology/approachTwo measures of average higher moments have been used (equal-weighted and value-weighted) along with the market moments to predict subsequent aggregate excess returns using the linear as well as the quantile regression model.FindingsThe authors report that both equal-weighted skewness and kurtosis significantly predict subsequent market returns in two countries, while value-weighted average skewness and kurtosis are significant in predicting returns in four out of nine sample markets. The results for quantile regression show that the relationship between the risk variable and aggregate returns varies along the spectrum of conditional quantiles.Originality/valueThis is the first study that investigates the impact of third and fourth highe...
Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University
Background: Chronic liver disease is endemic in Pakistan with esophageal variceal bleeding as one... more Background: Chronic liver disease is endemic in Pakistan with esophageal variceal bleeding as one of the important complications and is treated with EVBL. The early esophageal variceal rebleeding is one of the ignored factors which carries the high mortality and morbidity. Patients and methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Gastroenterology Department at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, from February 2016 to February 2017. The Study included total 100 patients and out of these 50 were rebleeding cases while 50 were controls (without esophageal rebleed). Cases and control were matched for age, sex, Presence of hepatitis B and C and cirrhosis. The endoscopic findings of any active bleed and white nipple sign was recorded. Results: In this study, association of risk factors for prediction of early variceal rebleed after banding in cirrhotic hepatitis b and c patients with variceal bleed was recorded as 58%(n=29) in cases and 12%(n=6) for active bleeding, O.R was 10.12, 68%(n=34)...
Energies
Microgrid (MG) is a small-scale grid that consists of multiple distributed energy resources and l... more Microgrid (MG) is a small-scale grid that consists of multiple distributed energy resources and load demand. The microgrid energy management system (M-EMS) is the decision-making centre of the MG. An M-EMS is composed of four modules which are known as forecasting, scheduling, data acquisition, and human-machine interface. However, the forecasting and scheduling modules are considered the major modules from among the four of them. Therefore, this paper proposed an advanced microgrid energy management system (M-EMS) for grid-connected residential microgrid (MG) based on an ensemble forecasting strategy and grey wolf optimization (GWO) based scheduling strategy. In the forecasting module of M-EMS, the ensemble forecasting strategy is proposed to perform the short-term forecasting of PV power and load demand. The GWO based scheduling strategy has been proposed in scheduling module of M-EMS to minimize the operating cost of grid-connected residential MG. A small-scale experiment is cond...
Journal of Islamic International Medical College, 2017
Objective: To determine the frequency of Subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with chronic kidn... more Objective: To determine the frequency of Subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease. Study Design: Cross sectional study. th th Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from 20 July 2015 to 05 January 2016. Materials and Methods: In this study 250 patients were included, 50 patients for each stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) starting from stage II to stage V and 50 peoples were from normal control group. Serum Creatinine, Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH) and Free T4 (thyroxine) were measured. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 17. The quantitative variables like age, free T4 and TSH was presented in mean and standard deviation for each group. Qualitative variables such as sex and presence or absence of subclinical hypothyroidism was reported as frequencies percentages for each group. Comparison of TSH level in four stages of CKD and control group was performed by using Kruskal Wallis ANOVA. Mann Whitening U test wa...
The relationship between competition and banking stability has resulted in two opposing paradigms... more The relationship between competition and banking stability has resulted in two opposing paradigms; competition-fragility view suggests that increased competition erodes market power and encourages banks to take excessive risks. In contrast, the competition-stability view suggests that, low competition results in more market power which may encourage the banks to charge higher loan rates adversely affecting borrowers by risk shifting mechanisms. Given these opposing predictions in the literature, this study aims to test the two views, considering the effects of market power and capital requirements on the riskiness of Pakistani banks. Utilizing annual data for 30 banks over the period of 2004 to 2017, in a dynamic two step system GMM. We construct Lerner index as a direct measure of market power for the banking industry. Our findings support the competition stability paradigm in the case of Pakistan. We also find that the theoretical link between capitalization ratio and market power...
International Journal of Intelligent Technologies and Applied Statistics, 2011
The agricultural field experiments play an important role for selection and screening of varietie... more The agricultural field experiments play an important role for selection and screening of varieties. In Pakistan, these experiments are usually conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD). It is very difficult to maintain the homogeneity condition when number of varieties exceeds eight or ten in a block. Due to this reason, in scientifically advance countries, RCBD are criticized for large field experiments for large number of varieties and varietal trials are conducted using generalized lattice design called Alpha designs. Nine maize varietal trials were conducted at Maize and Millet Research Institute (MMRI), Yousafwala (Sahiwal, Pakistan) during the year 2004-07 using alpha design. Data from each trial was analyzed using Alpha Lattice and RCBD and the efficiency was calculated using Yates [30] method. The average calculated efficiency was 114% in favour of Alpha Lattice. The detailed examination suggested that alpha lattice design is more effective. Ranking of genotypes i...
Agricultural Reviews, 2021
In 2011, a new virus was isolated from swine with influenza-like symptoms in Oklahoma, USA. Later... more In 2011, a new virus was isolated from swine with influenza-like symptoms in Oklahoma, USA. Later in 2013, it was also evidenced in cattle, considered as its natural reservoir, elsewhere in the USA. This new virus has certain resemblance with Influenza C virus (ICV), predominately a human pathogen. Due to its inability to re-assort with ICV, it is now classified as Influenza D virus (IDV) and is a new candidate in the Orthomyxoviridae family. It causes mild respiratory disease in several animal species and replicates in both upper and lower respiratory tract. To date, serological evidence was demonstrated in various animal species and humans in all continents except Australia. It is transmitted through direct contact or through aerosol routes. Not much is known about its potential impact to animal and human health but it poses a potential risk as an emerging threat to cattle-workers. Currently, limited data is available on its global occurrence and distribution. Therefore, in curren...
Sindh University Research Journal, 2017
This study presents the sooting tendencies exhibited by binary mixtures of synthetic fuels i.e. n... more This study presents the sooting tendencies exhibited by binary mixtures of synthetic fuels i.e. n-heptane/toluene and isooctane/toluene, in terms of Yield Sooting Indices (YSIs). These synthetic fuels are indeed incorporated into almost every gasoline surrogate fuel used for experimental study or performing numerical simulation of combustion process in engines. Diffusion flames of methane diluted by nitrogen and doped with the vapors of the aforementioned mixtures are established over the Santoro’s burner. Two-dimensional maps of soot volume fraction in these flames are then inferred from line-of-sight attenuation measurements. The measured soot volume fractions are converted into apparatus-independent YSIs which affords the possibility to compare the relative influence of fuel formulation on soot production. The trends in soot production capacity as a function of toluene mole fraction are then analyzed by curve fitting YSI data. A non-linear evolution of the sooting tendency as a f...
Annals of King Edward Medical University, 2014
Background: Physiotherapy is an essential element of modern health care system. Physiotherapist... more Background: Physiotherapy is an essential element of modern health care system. Physiotherapists around the globe work in various sectors, their roles are well established and distinguished from all other medical professionals. Objectives: The aim of this study was to provide evidence on the trends of Physiotherapy services, staffing, electro and exercise modalities at physio-therapy centers of Faisalabad. In the context of given objectives awareness will be provided to government to establish physiotherapy accredited body; to ensure standardized physiotherapy practices. Methodology: Descriptive, Cross-sectional survey was conducted. A self - designed questionnaire in the perspective of guidelines issued by University of hea-lth sciences was filled by twenty two perspective phy-siotherapy centers of Faisalabad. Results: The results show Private hospitals (63.64%) Yaquib M. 1 Doctor of Physiotherapy Madina Teaching Hospital, Faisalabad Kashif M. 2 Assistant Professor, The Uni...
Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research
A field experiment for 3 consecutive years was conducted at Adaptive Research Farm, Sheikhupura d... more A field experiment for 3 consecutive years was conducted at Adaptive Research Farm, Sheikhupura during Rabi (2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19) to mitigate the yield reduction in wheat due to late sowing through the application of different priming materials. The experiment comprised the different priming materials including (control, hydro-priming, potassium chloride @2% for 24 hours, Water (20 L) + Compost (5 kg) + Raw Sugar (4 kg) for 08 hours, Water (20 L) + Compost (5 kg) + Raw Sugar (4 kg) + Cow Urine (4 L) for 08 hours and Bacteria Inoculum (Biozote 10 kg per 50 kg wheat seed) for 10 minute applied to early and late sown wheat each year. The experiment was arranged in Randomized complete block design (Split plot) with 03 replications. Data regarding germination count, plant height, number of tillers, 1000-grain weight and grain yield was recorded. The statistical analysis of data revealed that the application of different priming materials for seed treatment significantly enhanced the germination count, number of tillers, 1000-grain weight and the grain yield of wheat. So, it is recommended that in rice wheat cropping system, wheat seed should be sown after treatment with bacterial inoculum or raw sugar and compost to ensure a speedy germination and uniform crop establishment even if the obstacle of late sowing is present. It compensates the yield losses well due to delayed sowing.
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2009
Seven plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strains were isolated from the rhizoplane and ... more Seven plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strains were isolated from the rhizoplane and rhizosphere of wheat from four different sites of Pakistan. These strains were analyzed for production of indole acetic acid (IAA), phosphorous solublization capability and inhibition of Rhizoctonia solani on rye agar medium. Strains WPR-51, WPR-42 and WM-30 were selected to test in planta antagonistic activity on two wheat verities infected with R. solani. These three strains belonging to Azotobacter and Azospirillum produced IAA ranging from 19.4 to 30.2 ug/ml and possessed phosphorus solublization capability. Out of these three strains WPR-51 and mixture of all three strains showed maximum inhibition of R. solani growth. These strains positively affected the germination of wheat as well as increased biomass and root shoot length by inhibiting R. solani growth when tested in pot experiments. PGPRs can be used as biocontrol agents that inhibit root rot and also strengthen the plant for ...
Veterinary Sciences
This review highlights the diagnostic methods used, the control strategies adopted, and the globa... more This review highlights the diagnostic methods used, the control strategies adopted, and the global epidemiological status of canine cyclic thrombocytopenia and granulocytic anaplasmosis at the animal–human interface. Canine anaplasmosis is an important worldwide disease, mainly caused by Anaplasma platys and A. phagocytophilum with zoonotic implications. A. platys chiefly infects platelets in canids, while A. phagocytophilum is the most common zoonotic pathogen infecting neutrophils of various vertebrate hosts. Diagnosis is based on the identification of clinical signs, the recognition of intracellular inclusions observed by microscopic observation of stained blood smear, and/or methods detecting antibodies or nucleic acids, although DNA sequencing is usually required to confirm the pathogenic strain. Serological cross-reactivity is the main problem in serodiagnosis. Prevalence varies from area to area depending on tick exposure. Tetracyclines are significant drugs for human and ani...
Mastitis is the most widespread and economically important disease of dairy sector worldwide. The... more Mastitis is the most widespread and economically important disease of dairy sector worldwide. The present research was, therefore intended to establish the prevalence of mastitis in and around the Multan district. A total of 100 dairy cows were randomly sampled during the period from July 2018 to October 2018 from different local dairy farms at Multan. After screening with California Mastitis Test, milk samples from mastitic animals were cultured and subjected to microbiological examination.The overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis in cows was 38% and quarter-wise prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 36.20%.. Mastitis in front left quarters was 34.40%, right front quarters 31.60%, while left rare quarters 41% and right rear quarters 38%. Bacteria Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Enterococci, Salmonella, Bacillus, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas were isolated from infected samples. Staphylococcus aureus was the top-ranking isolated bacteria followed by Strept. Agala...
A three year field study was conducted at Adaptive Research Farm, Sheikhupura to find the most su... more A three year field study was conducted at Adaptive Research Farm, Sheikhupura to find the most suitable nitrogen application schedule for rice (Super Basmati) during Kharif 2012, 2013 and 2014. Randomized complete block design with 3 replications was employed to investigate 4 different treatments of nitrogen split application @ 140 kg ha -1 viz: T1= Puddling and tillering, T2= Puddling, tillering and panicle initiation, T3= Tillering, panicle initiation and flowering stage and T4= Puddling, tillering, panicle initiation and flowering stage. Nursery of rice was transplanted in 2 nd week of July each year. Paddy yield and all yield associated parameter of rice super basmati were significantly affected by treatments and highest of all of them were recorded when nitrogen was applied in 3 equal splits i.e. at puddling, tillering and panicle formation stage. In conclusion, nitrogen @ 140 kg ha -1 in 3
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Papers by Muhammad Kashif