Papers by Monika Sadowska
Physical Sciences Reviews, 2017
Chemosphere, 2020
Five ion-exchangers with different eluents were compared for Pd separation by SPE. Ammonium buffe... more Five ion-exchangers with different eluents were compared for Pd separation by SPE. Ammonium buffer is applied for efficient elution of Pd from ion-exchange resin. Proposed eluent does not interfere during Pd determination by ICP MS and AdSV. Both ICP MS and AdSV can be applied for determination of Pd traces in quartz sand.
BMC Plant Biology, 2016
Background: Heavy metal exposure affect plant productivity by interfering, directly and indirectl... more Background: Heavy metal exposure affect plant productivity by interfering, directly and indirectly, with photosynthetic reactions. The toxic effect of heavy metals on photosynthetic reactions has been reported in wide-ranging studies, however there is paucity of data in the literature concerning thallium (Tl) toxicity. Thallium is ubiquitous natural trace element and is considered the most toxic of heavy metals; however, some plant species, such as white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) are able to accumulate thallium at very high concentrations. In this study we identified the main sites of the photosynthetic process inhibited either directly or indirectly by thallium, and elucidated possible detoxification mechanisms in S. alba. We studied the toxicity of thallium in white mustard (S. alba) growing plants and demonstrated that tolerance of plants to thallium (the root test) decreased with the increasing Tl(I) ions concentration in culture media. The root growth of plants exposed to Tl at 100 μg L -1 for 4 weeks was similar to that in control plants, while in plants grown with Tl at 1,000 μg L -1 root growth was strongly inhibited. In leaves, toxic effect became gradually visible in response to increasing concentration of Tl (100 -1,000 μg L -1 ) with discoloration spreading around main vascular bundles of the leaf blade; whereas leaf margins remained green. Subsequent structural analyses using chlorophyll fluorescence, microscopy, and pigment and protein analysis have revealed different effects of varying Tl concentrations on leaf tissue. At lower concentration partial rearrangement of the photosynthetic complexes was observed without significant changes in the chloroplast structure and the pigment and protein levels. At higher concentrations, the decrease of PSI and PSII quantum yields and massive oxidation of pigments was observed in discolored leaf areas, which contained high amount of Tl. Substantial decline of the photosystem core proteins and disorder of the photosynthetic complexes were responsible for disappearance of the chloroplast grana. Conclusions: Based on the presented results we postulate two phases of thallium toxicity on photosynthesis: the nondestructive phase at early stages of toxicant accumulation and the destructive phase that is restricted to the discolored leaf areas containing high toxicant content. There was no distinct border between the two phases of thallium toxicity in leaves and the degree of toxicity was proportional to the migration rate of the toxicant outside the vascular bundles. The three-fold (nearly linear) increase of Tl(I) concentration was observed in damaged tissue and the damage appears to be associated with the presence of the oxidized form of thallium -Tl(III).
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2015
Phytochelatins (PCs) play an important role in the detoxification and homeostasis processes in pl... more Phytochelatins (PCs) play an important role in the detoxification and homeostasis processes in plants, since xenobiotics complexed by sulfhydryl groups are less toxic than the free ions. This paper describes studies related to PCs synthesis in Sinapis alba L. exposed to As and Tl salts, and in particular to the identification of the PC complexes that are formed in white mustard tissues. To reach the goal, two analytical methods were applied – high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescent detection analysis after derivatisation of thiol compounds and high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC ESI MS). The study confirmed the synthesis of PCs in all plant organs under the influence of As salt. Moreover two As-PC complexes were identified: As-PC3 and As-PC4. While in the case of Tl – although that element strongly influenced the growth of Sinapis alba L. and to a great extent was transported to above-ground organs – no PC complexes or free PCs were found in plants exposed to Tl salt. Although both elements exist in mustard plant tissues at their trivalent oxidation state, showing high affinity to thiol groups, a defence mechanism associated with the synthesis of PC occurred only in case of arsenic.
Talanta
Talanta j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / t a l a n... more Talanta j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / t a l a n t a Thallium speciation in plant tissues—Tl(III) found in Sinapis alba L. a b s t r a c t Besides the dominant species in plants—Tl(I), noticeable amounts of Tl(III) (about 10% of total Tl content) were found in extracts of plants cultivated in the presence of tailing sediments, which are the main source of anthropogenic thallium already present in the environment. It is an important step of gaining knowl-edge about the detoxification mechanisms developed by Sinapis alba. This plant species is highly tolerant to Tl and it is able to cumulate high amounts of Tl and transport it into the above-ground organs. For more adequate estimation of accumulating abilities of S. alba, the elements' bioavailability was taken into consideration. The obtained bioconcentration factors of Cd (AF = 0.6) and Zn (AF = 1–2) were significantly lower than of Tl (AF = 100–200). The biomass production was si...
Thallium is a toxic element introduced to the environment as a result of human activities. It occ... more Thallium is a toxic element introduced to the environment as a result of human activities. It occurs in two redox states: Tl(I) and Tl(III), which is less common, a few thousand times more toxic and less stable. To prevent the reduction of Tl(III) to Tl(I) and conserve the original speciation, complexing agents as DTPA are added to samples containing thallium. The aim of this study was to optimize the procedure of separation of two thallium forms: Tl(I) and Tl(III) (in a form of Tl(III)-DTPA complex), using solid phase extraction. The sorbents were Al2O3 and Al2O3 modified with 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine). According to the literature data, Tl(III) (as TlCl4- complex) is supposed to be retained on Al2O3 and Tl(I) on Al2O3 modified with oxine. Thallium concentration in the eluate was determined by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) with hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE), and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In order to define thallium speciation, the determ...
Environmental Chemistry, 2015
Environmental context Thallium occurs in the environment in two oxidation states, with TlIII bein... more Environmental context Thallium occurs in the environment in two oxidation states, with TlIII being 1000-fold more toxic than TlI. We present a fractionation and speciation study of thallium in suspended particulate matter from highly polluted wastewater samples, and elucidate the dominant forms of thallium. Thallium (Tl) is a toxic element, whose toxicity is affected by its redox state. Compared with TlIII, TlI is thermodynamically more stable and less reactive; therefore in aquatic environments, dissolved thallium is mostly present as TlI. However, TlIII could be 1000 times more toxic than TlI. A combination of a fractionation and a speciation study carried out in highly polluted wastewater samples from a mining area in southern Poland in order to characterise chemical speciation of Tl in physically defined fractions is presented here. Total, particulate and dissolved thallium was determined. A leaching experiment based on forming TlIII complexed with diethylene triamine penta-acet...
Heavy Metals in the Environment, 2012
ABSTRACT Thallium is present in the environment in two oxidation states, namely, Tl(I) and Tl(III... more ABSTRACT Thallium is present in the environment in two oxidation states, namely, Tl(I) and Tl(III). The dominating form is monovalent Tl, but another species were also found in various samples, for example, dimethylthallium in the Atlantic Ocean, Tl(III) in river waters and in plants. The aim of this study was to determine the speciation of Tl in Sinapis alba and to evaluate its ability to accumulate Tl ions. The experiment involved plants cultivated hydroponically, in the presence of different concentrations of Tl and Cd. Separation of Tl compounds was carried by high-performance liquid chromatography and detection by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The study results led to the following conclusions: high concentration of Tl causes morphological changes; the presence of Cd has no impact on the uptake of Tl but reduction of produced biomass was observed; the dominant form in plant extracts is Tl(I) but in plants grown in the presence of low Tl concentrations, significant amounts of Tl(III) were also detected. Although the detailed mechanisms of Tl detoxification developed by S. alba remain undiscovered, it is tempting to suggest that this species may be capable of oxidizing Tl(I) to Tl(III)—a form more toxic more reactive than Tl(I), but easier to neutralize. Besides, the possibility of long storage of the frozen extracts has no impact on Tl speciation, which would facilitate carrying out analyses using various techniques.
Talanta, 2012
Besides the dominant species in plants-Tl(I), noticeable amounts of Tl(III) (about 10% of total T... more Besides the dominant species in plants-Tl(I), noticeable amounts of Tl(III) (about 10% of total Tl content) were found in extracts of plants cultivated in the presence of tailing sediments, which are the main source of anthropogenic thallium already present in the environment. It is an important step of gaining knowledge about the detoxification mechanisms developed by Sinapis alba. This plant species is highly tolerant to Tl and it is able to cumulate high amounts of Tl and transport it into the above-ground organs. For more adequate estimation of accumulating abilities of S. alba, the elements' bioavailability was taken into consideration. The obtained bioconcentration factors of Cd (AF = 0.6) and Zn (AF = 1-2) were significantly lower than of Tl (AF = 100-200). The biomass production was similar to the biomass of control cultivation. The results were based on ICP MS measurements of total elements' content and HPLC ICP MS for speciation analysis. The quality of obtained results was evaluated based on the intermethod comparison with voltammetry as a reference method. Comparison of data obtained using ICP MS and electrochemical methods (after a proper chemical treatment) was also used for indication of Tl(III) presence and for proving that Tl(I) was not transferred into Tl(III) during analytical procedures.
Talanta, 2013
The main difficulty of speciation analysis of thallium lies in extremely low concentrations of Tl... more The main difficulty of speciation analysis of thallium lies in extremely low concentrations of Tl(III) in comparison to Tl(I), which is the dominating form of thallium in environmental samples. In this study, a sensitive method is presented for separation of trace amounts of Tl(III) from Tl(I) and preconcentration of Tl(III) using octadecyl silica gel modified with diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC). Under optimal conditions, only Tl(III) is retained on the sorbent, and then eluted with 96% ethanol. After chemical decomposition of Tl(III)-DDTC complex, thallium is determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. High performance liquid chromatography with ICP MS detection was used to control the correctness of the obtained results. Parameters affecting solid phase extraction (SPE) such as pH, type, concentration and volume of eluent, breakthrough volume, and the impact of sample salinity (chlorides) and other interfering ions (Cd(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), Cu(II), Sn(II)) were investigated. The limit of detection (LOD), evaluated for 2 mL of sample solution, was 0.10 ng for Tl(I) and 0.43 ng for Tl(III). The method was applied to the determination of Tl(I) and Tl(III) in the Baltic seawater samples enriched in both thallium species.
Electroanalysis, 2005
This paper describes a very sensitive catalytic adsorptive stripping voltammetry (CAdSV) procedur... more This paper describes a very sensitive catalytic adsorptive stripping voltammetry (CAdSV) procedure for the simultaneous determination of traces of platinum and rhodium in new supporting electrolyte containing hydroxylamine or acetone oxime and formaldehyde in sulfuric acid medium. Platinum and rhodium were pre‐accumulated simultaneously and after 120 s of accumulation time at 0.0 V, the achieved detection limits were equal 0.1 ng L−1 and 0.2 ng L−1 for platinum and rhodium respectively in the presence of acetone oxime and 0.6 ng L−1 and 0.2 ng L−1 for platinum and rhodium respectively in the presence of hydroxylamine. Described reagents were successfully applied to the determination of platinum and rhodium in plant material. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS) was used as a reference method to the CAdSV measurements.
Electrochimica Acta, 2021
Î ega , The use of EQCM for the setting the optimum conditions of the determination of Pd 2+ ions... more Î ega , The use of EQCM for the setting the optimum conditions of the determination of Pd 2+ ions via its palladium-histidine complex,
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Papers by Monika Sadowska