This paper presents the structural analysis of a remote sensing CubeSat planned for launch in Q4 ... more This paper presents the structural analysis of a remote sensing CubeSat planned for launch in Q4 2022. AlainSat-1 is a collaborative endeavour between the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society and the National Space Science and Technology Center at United Arab Emirates University. To ensure that the conceptual design of the satellite satisfies design requirements Quasi-Static Analysis, Modal Analysis and Random Vibration Analysis are conducted using SIEMENS NX. These analyses identify the satellite’s fundamental frequencies along with measuring the resulting deformations and stresses it experiences as a response to both the static and dynamic loads exerted by SpaceX’s Falcon 9 launch vehicle. Modal Analysis results show that the satellite’s lowest fundamental frequency 120.405Hz, complies with standards set by the QB50 Project and both Quasi-Static and Random Vibration analysis indicated that stress values are within safe limits. Issues detected during the various phases of the...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Prior research has shown viable methods towards identifying sources of pollution in rivers by uti... more Prior research has shown viable methods towards identifying sources of pollution in rivers by utilizing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) combined with proper image classification techniques. This research attempts to develop and implement a novel approach to monitor the IIUM River whereby a Parrot Bebop 2 drone is utilized for data collection, while the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) software is used for the supervised classification of the collected data. The image processing techniques of stitching or mosaicking, georeferencing and supervised classification are done using Adobe Photoshop, QGIS Georeferencing plugin, and QGIS Semi-Automatic Supervised Classification Toolbox, respectively. Results show that the classification process successfully recognized target objects, however, differing sun locations in datasets along with insufficient training data have led to some minor flaws. Despite these flaws, this research successfully achieved its objectives and will be vit...
OBJECTIVE The growth characteristics of vestibular schwannomas (VSs) under surveillance can be st... more OBJECTIVE The growth characteristics of vestibular schwannomas (VSs) under surveillance can be studied using a Bayesian method of growth risk stratification by time after surveillance onset, allowing dynamic evaluations of growth risks. There is no consensus on the optimum surveillance strategy in terms of frequency and duration, particularly for long-term growth risks. In this study, the long-term conditional probability of new VS growth was reported for patients after 5 years of demonstrated nongrowth. This allowed modeling of long-term VS growth risks, the creation of an evidence-based surveillance protocol, and the proposal of a cost-benefit analysis decision aid. METHODS The authors performed an international multicenter retrospective analysis of prospectively collected databases from five tertiary care referral skull base units. Patients diagnosed with sporadic unilateral VS between 1990 and 2010 who had a minimum of 10 years of surveillance MRI showing VS nongrowth in the fir...
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base, 2022
Objectives Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) rema... more Objectives Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) remains a challenge and is associated with high morbidity. We perform a primary repair with fat in the pituitary fossa and further fat in the sphenoid sinus (FFS). We compare the efficacy of this FFS technique with other repair methods and perform a systematic review. Design, Patients, and Methods This is a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing standard TSS from 2009 to 2020, comparing the incidence of significant postoperative CSF rhinorrhea (requiring intervention) using the FFS technique compared with other intraoperative repair strategies. Systematic review of current repair methods described in the literature was performed following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results In all, there were 439 patients, with 276 patients undergoing multilayer repair, 68 patients FFS repair, and 95 patients no repair. No significant dif...
2020 IEEE 8th Conference on Systems, Process and Control (ICSPC), 2020
This paper provides the conceptualization and the development of IIUMSAT-2, a nanosatellite that ... more This paper provides the conceptualization and the development of IIUMSAT-2, a nanosatellite that is designed by a group of engineering students from International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) to simulate an actual satellite ability in space. IIUMSAT-2 is an integrated system comprising Mechanical Subsystem, Payload Subsystem, Communication and Data Handling Subsystem (CDH), Electrical Power Subsystem, and Ground Control System. The nanosatellite is developed based on the Space Mission Analysis and Design (SMAD) approach. IIUMSAT-2 is able to communicate at a 200m distance, transmitting pressure, temperature, altitude, humidity, location, attitude, and flight images to the ground station wirelessly.
2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM), 2019
This study addresses the performances of three different controllers Proportional-Derivative (PD)... more This study addresses the performances of three different controllers Proportional-Derivative (PD), Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Model Predictive Control (MPC) on a quaternion orientation based quadrotor and determines their suitability for different applications. As these controllers are widely being used in quadrotor platform with Euler-angle orientation, alternatively they are evaluated with quaternion orientation because this orientation can ensure singularity-free flight. In order to compare the performances of the controllers, performance indices like tracking error, considering RMSE method and control effort, using norm of control inputs have been considered. Based on the comparison, it is found that MPC is suitable for outdoor applications while PD and LQR can be best-fitted for indoor applications. MATLAB and Simulink environment has been considered in order to evaluate their performances.
OBJECTIVES Chordoma is a rare neoplasm of the neuraxis derived from remnants of the primitive not... more OBJECTIVES Chordoma is a rare neoplasm of the neuraxis derived from remnants of the primitive notochord. The importance of wide margins and use of adjuvant therapy in spinal chordomas are still contentious points in the management of spinal chordomas. We conducted a systematic review of the surgical management of spinal chordomas alongside our 10-year institutional experience. METHODS A systematic search of the literature was performed in November 2020 using EMBASE and MEDLINE for articles regarding the surgical management of chordomas arising from the mobile spine and sacrum. We also searched for all adult patients who were surgically managed for spinal chordomas at our institute between 2010-2020. In both the systematic review and for our institutional case series, data on adequacy of resection, use of adjuvant therapy, complications, recurrence (local or metastatic) and survival outcomes were collected. RESULTS We identified and analysed forty-two articles, yielding 1531 patients, from which the overall gross total or wide resection rate was 54.9%. Among the eight cases in our institutional experience, (four sacral, three cervical and one lumbar), we achieved gross total resection in 50% of initial operations. Recurrence rate was 25% in our GTR group and 50% where initial resection was subtotal. 75% of patients had no evidence of recurrence at most recent follow up. CONCLUSION Albeit difficult at times due to the proximity to neurovascular tissue, achieving a wide resection followed by adjuvant therapy for spinal chordomas is of great importance. Multidisciplinary discussion is valuable to ensure the best outcome for the patient.
OBJECTIVEFreehand external ventricular drain (EVD) insertion is associated with a high rate of ca... more OBJECTIVEFreehand external ventricular drain (EVD) insertion is associated with a high rate of catheter misplacement. Image-guided EVD placement with neuronavigation or ultrasound has been proposed as a safer, more accurate alternative with potential to facilitate proper placement and reduce catheter malfunction risk. This study aimed to determine the impact of image-guided EVD placement on catheter tip position and drain functionality.METHODSThis study is a secondary analysis of a data set from a prospective, multicenter study. Data were collated for EVD placements undertaken in the United Kingdom and Ireland from November 2014 to April 2015. In total, 21 large tertiary care academic medical centers were included.RESULTSOver the study period, 632 EVDs were inserted and 65.9% had tips lying free-floating in the CSF. Only 19.6% of insertions took place under image guidance. The use of image guidance did not significantly improve the position of the catheter tip on postoperative imagi...
Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are commonly associated with multiple-system anomalies, for instan... more Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are commonly associated with multiple-system anomalies, for instance VACTERL that involve mostly urinary and sacral abnormalities. With the exception of esophageal atresia, the rest of other gastrointestinal anomalies are not typically encountered. On the other hand, colonic atresia (CA) is reported to have a lesser incidence of associated anomalies compared to ARMs. This includes Hirschsprung's disease, gastroschisis, multiple small bowel atresias in addition to urologic anomalies. Simultaneous coexistence of both anomalies is exceedingly rare and to the best of our knowledge, only 16 previous cases were reported in the English literature (Table 1). A 2-day-old boy presented to our department with bilious emesis, abdominal distention, and refusal to feeding. On general examination, he was alert and conscious, and apart from the absence of the anal opening, there was no other obvious congenital anomalies. His abdomen was markedly distended and lax. Perineal examination revealed flat perineum, a poor midline groove, and a barely visible anal dimple. Plain abdominal X-ray showed a dilated bowel loop in the right upper quadrant and invertogram revealed absence of gas in the rectum (Figure 1A,B). Therefore, based on clinical examination and radiological evaluation, high ARM was the most probable diagnosis. Laboratory results were unremarkable, while moderate hydroureteronephrosis of the left kidney was noted on ultrasound. A right transverse muscle-cutting exploratory laparotomy with a plan of right transverse colostomy was planned. A cauliflower-like caecum was found with blind-ending atretic colon, 4 cm past the ileocaecal valve. The colon on the proximal side was markedly dilated, while the caliber of the colon on the distal side was extremely small with no intervening mesentery (Figure 1C). Thus, a divided colostomy was performed with a plan of colostomy pull-through after 3-6 months and closure of the colostomy at a late stage. The postoperative course was uneventful and the baby was discharged after 5 days. TABLE 1 Cases with coexistence of anorectal malformation and colonic atresia reported in literature
Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base, 2021
Objectives Chordomas are rare, slow-growing, and osteo-destructive tumors of the primitive notoch... more Objectives Chordomas are rare, slow-growing, and osteo-destructive tumors of the primitive notochord. There is still contention in the literature as to the optimal management of chordoma. We conducted a systematic review of the surgical management of chordoma along with our 10-year institutional experience. Design A systematic search of the literature was performed in October 2020 by using MEDLINE and EMBASE for articles relating to the surgical management of clival chordomas. We also searched for all adult patients surgically treated for primary clival chordomas at our institute between 2009 and 2019. Participants Only articles describing chordomas arising from the clivus were included in the analysis. For our institution experience, only adult primary clival chordoma cases were included. Main Outcome Measures Patients were divided into endoscopic or open surgery. Rate of gross total resection (GTR), recurrence, and complications were measured. Results Our literature search yielded...
Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery, 2020
Background Retraction of white matter overlying a brain lesion can be difficult without causing s... more Background Retraction of white matter overlying a brain lesion can be difficult without causing significant trauma especially when using traditional methods of bladed retractors. These conventional retractors can produce regions of focal pressure resulting in contusions and areas of infarct. Methods In this article, we present a retrospective case series of six patients with deep-seated intraventricular and intra-axial tumors that were approached using a ViewSite Brain Access System (tubular retractor). The authors describe a unique method of creating a pathway using a dilated glove. We shall also review the relevant literature that reports this type of surgery. Cases included three cases with third ventricular colloid cysts, one case of a third ventricular arachnoid cyst, one case with a lateral ventricular neurocytoma, and a case with a deeply seated intra-axial metastatic tumor. Results Gross total resection was achieved in five cases with small residual in the central neurocytom...
Ostrich (Struthio camelus) has become one of the valuable agricultural enterprises in many countr... more Ostrich (Struthio camelus) has become one of the valuable agricultural enterprises in many countries of the world. China has become Asian's number one ostrich species raiser with about 20,000 ostrich bred farms. China started in 1992 to import some ostrich species from South Africa. Ostrich was raised globely since the 1980s for its feathers, meat, egg, hair and bone are all of high economic value. China's progress in producing ostriches has improved it's rank from fifth to the second globely in recent years, due to the following factors: The area of pastures which reached 40% of the area of China.Large amounts of agricultural wasts. China has been producing iron and thus has produced the cheapest agricultural machines, such as irrigation machines, cutting and pressing the feed. China achieved progress in the electronical industries which have enabled it to produce hatchery machines to promote the poultry industry. China is making use of solar energy and producing cheap energy used to irrigate agricultural land and operate farm machinery. Thus, the price of feed is cheap and therefore it costs to feed the ostriches as little as possible.Use of seawater desalination technology and cultivation of saline-tolerant fodder crops such as fodder beat, bonicam and blubank .The use of leather processing tectology and production of the finest leather industries of shoes and bags .China has imported large amounts of ostriches from South Africa and used the best breeding and ostrich production systems in South Africa. The most important factors leading to the success of the ostrich industry in china are limited into three factors. First: Nutrition and cheap feed should be provided by planting enough alfalfa. Using solar energy to irrigate these lands. Sowing saline and drought tolerant genotypes, such as blubanks and bonecam, as well as machines for cutting and making pellet for green feed. Second: Hatching Third: Health.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2017
View the article online for updates and enhancements. Content from this work may be used under th... more View the article online for updates and enhancements. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
This paper presents the structural analysis of a remote sensing CubeSat planned for launch in Q4 ... more This paper presents the structural analysis of a remote sensing CubeSat planned for launch in Q4 2022. AlainSat-1 is a collaborative endeavour between the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society and the National Space Science and Technology Center at United Arab Emirates University. To ensure that the conceptual design of the satellite satisfies design requirements Quasi-Static Analysis, Modal Analysis and Random Vibration Analysis are conducted using SIEMENS NX. These analyses identify the satellite’s fundamental frequencies along with measuring the resulting deformations and stresses it experiences as a response to both the static and dynamic loads exerted by SpaceX’s Falcon 9 launch vehicle. Modal Analysis results show that the satellite’s lowest fundamental frequency 120.405Hz, complies with standards set by the QB50 Project and both Quasi-Static and Random Vibration analysis indicated that stress values are within safe limits. Issues detected during the various phases of the...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Prior research has shown viable methods towards identifying sources of pollution in rivers by uti... more Prior research has shown viable methods towards identifying sources of pollution in rivers by utilizing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) combined with proper image classification techniques. This research attempts to develop and implement a novel approach to monitor the IIUM River whereby a Parrot Bebop 2 drone is utilized for data collection, while the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) software is used for the supervised classification of the collected data. The image processing techniques of stitching or mosaicking, georeferencing and supervised classification are done using Adobe Photoshop, QGIS Georeferencing plugin, and QGIS Semi-Automatic Supervised Classification Toolbox, respectively. Results show that the classification process successfully recognized target objects, however, differing sun locations in datasets along with insufficient training data have led to some minor flaws. Despite these flaws, this research successfully achieved its objectives and will be vit...
OBJECTIVE The growth characteristics of vestibular schwannomas (VSs) under surveillance can be st... more OBJECTIVE The growth characteristics of vestibular schwannomas (VSs) under surveillance can be studied using a Bayesian method of growth risk stratification by time after surveillance onset, allowing dynamic evaluations of growth risks. There is no consensus on the optimum surveillance strategy in terms of frequency and duration, particularly for long-term growth risks. In this study, the long-term conditional probability of new VS growth was reported for patients after 5 years of demonstrated nongrowth. This allowed modeling of long-term VS growth risks, the creation of an evidence-based surveillance protocol, and the proposal of a cost-benefit analysis decision aid. METHODS The authors performed an international multicenter retrospective analysis of prospectively collected databases from five tertiary care referral skull base units. Patients diagnosed with sporadic unilateral VS between 1990 and 2010 who had a minimum of 10 years of surveillance MRI showing VS nongrowth in the fir...
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base, 2022
Objectives Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) rema... more Objectives Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) remains a challenge and is associated with high morbidity. We perform a primary repair with fat in the pituitary fossa and further fat in the sphenoid sinus (FFS). We compare the efficacy of this FFS technique with other repair methods and perform a systematic review. Design, Patients, and Methods This is a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing standard TSS from 2009 to 2020, comparing the incidence of significant postoperative CSF rhinorrhea (requiring intervention) using the FFS technique compared with other intraoperative repair strategies. Systematic review of current repair methods described in the literature was performed following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results In all, there were 439 patients, with 276 patients undergoing multilayer repair, 68 patients FFS repair, and 95 patients no repair. No significant dif...
2020 IEEE 8th Conference on Systems, Process and Control (ICSPC), 2020
This paper provides the conceptualization and the development of IIUMSAT-2, a nanosatellite that ... more This paper provides the conceptualization and the development of IIUMSAT-2, a nanosatellite that is designed by a group of engineering students from International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) to simulate an actual satellite ability in space. IIUMSAT-2 is an integrated system comprising Mechanical Subsystem, Payload Subsystem, Communication and Data Handling Subsystem (CDH), Electrical Power Subsystem, and Ground Control System. The nanosatellite is developed based on the Space Mission Analysis and Design (SMAD) approach. IIUMSAT-2 is able to communicate at a 200m distance, transmitting pressure, temperature, altitude, humidity, location, attitude, and flight images to the ground station wirelessly.
2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM), 2019
This study addresses the performances of three different controllers Proportional-Derivative (PD)... more This study addresses the performances of three different controllers Proportional-Derivative (PD), Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Model Predictive Control (MPC) on a quaternion orientation based quadrotor and determines their suitability for different applications. As these controllers are widely being used in quadrotor platform with Euler-angle orientation, alternatively they are evaluated with quaternion orientation because this orientation can ensure singularity-free flight. In order to compare the performances of the controllers, performance indices like tracking error, considering RMSE method and control effort, using norm of control inputs have been considered. Based on the comparison, it is found that MPC is suitable for outdoor applications while PD and LQR can be best-fitted for indoor applications. MATLAB and Simulink environment has been considered in order to evaluate their performances.
OBJECTIVES Chordoma is a rare neoplasm of the neuraxis derived from remnants of the primitive not... more OBJECTIVES Chordoma is a rare neoplasm of the neuraxis derived from remnants of the primitive notochord. The importance of wide margins and use of adjuvant therapy in spinal chordomas are still contentious points in the management of spinal chordomas. We conducted a systematic review of the surgical management of spinal chordomas alongside our 10-year institutional experience. METHODS A systematic search of the literature was performed in November 2020 using EMBASE and MEDLINE for articles regarding the surgical management of chordomas arising from the mobile spine and sacrum. We also searched for all adult patients who were surgically managed for spinal chordomas at our institute between 2010-2020. In both the systematic review and for our institutional case series, data on adequacy of resection, use of adjuvant therapy, complications, recurrence (local or metastatic) and survival outcomes were collected. RESULTS We identified and analysed forty-two articles, yielding 1531 patients, from which the overall gross total or wide resection rate was 54.9%. Among the eight cases in our institutional experience, (four sacral, three cervical and one lumbar), we achieved gross total resection in 50% of initial operations. Recurrence rate was 25% in our GTR group and 50% where initial resection was subtotal. 75% of patients had no evidence of recurrence at most recent follow up. CONCLUSION Albeit difficult at times due to the proximity to neurovascular tissue, achieving a wide resection followed by adjuvant therapy for spinal chordomas is of great importance. Multidisciplinary discussion is valuable to ensure the best outcome for the patient.
OBJECTIVEFreehand external ventricular drain (EVD) insertion is associated with a high rate of ca... more OBJECTIVEFreehand external ventricular drain (EVD) insertion is associated with a high rate of catheter misplacement. Image-guided EVD placement with neuronavigation or ultrasound has been proposed as a safer, more accurate alternative with potential to facilitate proper placement and reduce catheter malfunction risk. This study aimed to determine the impact of image-guided EVD placement on catheter tip position and drain functionality.METHODSThis study is a secondary analysis of a data set from a prospective, multicenter study. Data were collated for EVD placements undertaken in the United Kingdom and Ireland from November 2014 to April 2015. In total, 21 large tertiary care academic medical centers were included.RESULTSOver the study period, 632 EVDs were inserted and 65.9% had tips lying free-floating in the CSF. Only 19.6% of insertions took place under image guidance. The use of image guidance did not significantly improve the position of the catheter tip on postoperative imagi...
Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are commonly associated with multiple-system anomalies, for instan... more Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are commonly associated with multiple-system anomalies, for instance VACTERL that involve mostly urinary and sacral abnormalities. With the exception of esophageal atresia, the rest of other gastrointestinal anomalies are not typically encountered. On the other hand, colonic atresia (CA) is reported to have a lesser incidence of associated anomalies compared to ARMs. This includes Hirschsprung's disease, gastroschisis, multiple small bowel atresias in addition to urologic anomalies. Simultaneous coexistence of both anomalies is exceedingly rare and to the best of our knowledge, only 16 previous cases were reported in the English literature (Table 1). A 2-day-old boy presented to our department with bilious emesis, abdominal distention, and refusal to feeding. On general examination, he was alert and conscious, and apart from the absence of the anal opening, there was no other obvious congenital anomalies. His abdomen was markedly distended and lax. Perineal examination revealed flat perineum, a poor midline groove, and a barely visible anal dimple. Plain abdominal X-ray showed a dilated bowel loop in the right upper quadrant and invertogram revealed absence of gas in the rectum (Figure 1A,B). Therefore, based on clinical examination and radiological evaluation, high ARM was the most probable diagnosis. Laboratory results were unremarkable, while moderate hydroureteronephrosis of the left kidney was noted on ultrasound. A right transverse muscle-cutting exploratory laparotomy with a plan of right transverse colostomy was planned. A cauliflower-like caecum was found with blind-ending atretic colon, 4 cm past the ileocaecal valve. The colon on the proximal side was markedly dilated, while the caliber of the colon on the distal side was extremely small with no intervening mesentery (Figure 1C). Thus, a divided colostomy was performed with a plan of colostomy pull-through after 3-6 months and closure of the colostomy at a late stage. The postoperative course was uneventful and the baby was discharged after 5 days. TABLE 1 Cases with coexistence of anorectal malformation and colonic atresia reported in literature
Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base, 2021
Objectives Chordomas are rare, slow-growing, and osteo-destructive tumors of the primitive notoch... more Objectives Chordomas are rare, slow-growing, and osteo-destructive tumors of the primitive notochord. There is still contention in the literature as to the optimal management of chordoma. We conducted a systematic review of the surgical management of chordoma along with our 10-year institutional experience. Design A systematic search of the literature was performed in October 2020 by using MEDLINE and EMBASE for articles relating to the surgical management of clival chordomas. We also searched for all adult patients surgically treated for primary clival chordomas at our institute between 2009 and 2019. Participants Only articles describing chordomas arising from the clivus were included in the analysis. For our institution experience, only adult primary clival chordoma cases were included. Main Outcome Measures Patients were divided into endoscopic or open surgery. Rate of gross total resection (GTR), recurrence, and complications were measured. Results Our literature search yielded...
Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery, 2020
Background Retraction of white matter overlying a brain lesion can be difficult without causing s... more Background Retraction of white matter overlying a brain lesion can be difficult without causing significant trauma especially when using traditional methods of bladed retractors. These conventional retractors can produce regions of focal pressure resulting in contusions and areas of infarct. Methods In this article, we present a retrospective case series of six patients with deep-seated intraventricular and intra-axial tumors that were approached using a ViewSite Brain Access System (tubular retractor). The authors describe a unique method of creating a pathway using a dilated glove. We shall also review the relevant literature that reports this type of surgery. Cases included three cases with third ventricular colloid cysts, one case of a third ventricular arachnoid cyst, one case with a lateral ventricular neurocytoma, and a case with a deeply seated intra-axial metastatic tumor. Results Gross total resection was achieved in five cases with small residual in the central neurocytom...
Ostrich (Struthio camelus) has become one of the valuable agricultural enterprises in many countr... more Ostrich (Struthio camelus) has become one of the valuable agricultural enterprises in many countries of the world. China has become Asian's number one ostrich species raiser with about 20,000 ostrich bred farms. China started in 1992 to import some ostrich species from South Africa. Ostrich was raised globely since the 1980s for its feathers, meat, egg, hair and bone are all of high economic value. China's progress in producing ostriches has improved it's rank from fifth to the second globely in recent years, due to the following factors: The area of pastures which reached 40% of the area of China.Large amounts of agricultural wasts. China has been producing iron and thus has produced the cheapest agricultural machines, such as irrigation machines, cutting and pressing the feed. China achieved progress in the electronical industries which have enabled it to produce hatchery machines to promote the poultry industry. China is making use of solar energy and producing cheap energy used to irrigate agricultural land and operate farm machinery. Thus, the price of feed is cheap and therefore it costs to feed the ostriches as little as possible.Use of seawater desalination technology and cultivation of saline-tolerant fodder crops such as fodder beat, bonicam and blubank .The use of leather processing tectology and production of the finest leather industries of shoes and bags .China has imported large amounts of ostriches from South Africa and used the best breeding and ostrich production systems in South Africa. The most important factors leading to the success of the ostrich industry in china are limited into three factors. First: Nutrition and cheap feed should be provided by planting enough alfalfa. Using solar energy to irrigate these lands. Sowing saline and drought tolerant genotypes, such as blubanks and bonecam, as well as machines for cutting and making pellet for green feed. Second: Hatching Third: Health.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2017
View the article online for updates and enhancements. Content from this work may be used under th... more View the article online for updates and enhancements. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
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