Papers by Mohamed Abdalla Odan
Two-phase flow of gas/non-Newtonian fluid through pipes is commonly occurred in chemical industry... more Two-phase flow of gas/non-Newtonian fluid through pipes is commonly occurred in chemical industry and oil and gas refinery. Many correlations have been developed to evaluate pressure drop for non-Newtonian fluids. Based on that, these systems are not governed by Newtonian law of viscosity. However, only little experimental work has been devoted to study non-Newtonian flow behavior. In this present work, experimental setup has been conducted to investigate non-Newtonian two-phase (gas/ liquid) flow through pipes. Several concentrations of Xanthan Gum have been used as non-Newtonian liquid in the experiments and compressed air has been used as a gas. The flow rate and pressure of liquid and gas are changed by using a pump placed ahead of the mixing point. Pressure and temperature values are recorded by pressure sensors and thermocouples fixed at specific points along the pipe loop. Results of theses experiments are leaded to come up with experimental model for pressure drop of gas/non-Newtonian flow in pipes. Moreover, the flow regimes of two-phase gas/non-Newtonian flow at different conditions have been visualized through transparent tubes using a high-speed camera.
Offshore drilling projects can be as complex as they are costly, and many problems can arise duri... more Offshore drilling projects can be as complex as they are costly, and many problems can arise during the drilling and extraction of sub-sea pipelines petroleum, including environmental issues. The oil and gas industry relies on multi-phase, multi-component flow techniques to transport substances such as gas, oil and water through horizontal and sub-sea pipelines. Artic and offshore drill sites can be particularly challenging due to hydrate formation in the transport horizontal and sub-sea pipelines. This study investigates the feasibility of using a four-phase, four-fluid flow Multi-Component through horizontal pipelines to move a four-phase multi-component flow (oil, gas, water, and sand particles) through submerged pipelines. In order to accurately gauge the multi-component mixtures’ hydro- and thermo-dynamic properties, fluid equilibrium and phase-behavior models are constructed. As well, to examine various interrelated factors such as momentum, mass and heat transfer occurring between pipelines walls and flow, a series of equations are developed. In the present study, the effect of temperature and pressure on multi-phase flows in horizontal and sub-sea pipelines is investigated. As well, models of flow patterns and pressure drops are created specifically for horizontal and sub-sea pipeline environments. Note that the terms “Four-Phase and Multi-Component flow” are used interchangeably in this study. And Create pressure drops and flow behavior models of multi-phase flows for horizontal and sub-sea pipelines. Furthermore, multi-phase flows may occur in any one of the following combinations: liquid-gas, liquid-gas-solid, liquid-liquid-gas-solid, An example of a, liquid-liquid-gas-solid flow is four immiscible fluids and component (e.g., water, oil, gas, and solid), immiscible liquids being those which do not form a homogeneous mixture when added together. In terms of practical applications of multi-phase and multi-component flows, water injected into an oil pipelines helps to decreases both the pressure gradient and flow resistance.
WIT transactions on engineering sciences, Jul 10, 2018
In the present study, pipe flows are used to investigate the behavior flow of water-CO2 mixtures ... more In the present study, pipe flows are used to investigate the behavior flow of water-CO2 mixtures at different pressures and temperatures. The flow rate and pressure of water and CO2 are changed by using a pump placed ahead of the mixing point. Pressure and temperature levels are recorded by pressure sensors and thermocouples affixed at points along the pipe loop. The flow regimes of two-phase water-CO2 flow is visualized through transparent tubes using a high-speed camera. After several experiments, it was found that the mean pressure drop along the tube for a water-CO2 system flow is about 4 kPa/m for water flow rates between 0.4 and 0.7 L/S and CO2 flow rates between 2.5 and 11 L/S. The maximum inlet pressure for water is 400 kPa and for CO2 is 3000 kPa. In this experiment, the phase fraction of water is approximately 0.5-0.15 and the phase fraction of CO2 is around 0.85-0.95. The investigated flow regime under these flow conditions is often intermittent.
Multiphase flow is an important the phenomenon existing widely in nature, daily life, as well as ... more Multiphase flow is an important the phenomenon existing widely in nature, daily life, as well as petroleum and chemical engineering industry. It is especially important to understand the flow behavior of multiphase flow in a subsea hilly terrain and offshore pipelines. Accurate flow regime identification in multiphase flow is critical since multiphase flow affects the measurement accuracy of phase fraction, flow rate and other phase parameters. The main objective of this research work is to obtain a better understanding of the multiphase flow characteristics in a long pipeline. In this study, the results of an experimental research on multiphase flow that investigates fluid characteristics in a pipe has been presented. The experimental unit consists of pipes that are made up of clear PVC, which is capable of producing several different flow regimes (Stratified, bubble, slug, and annular-mist flow) of gas-liquid flows. The entire length of the flow loop is 20.574 m. The experimental unit includes sensors such as pressure transducers, thermocouples and flowmeters that enable to measure the pressure ranges from 20–300KPa, temperature ranges from 0 to 20 °C and volume flow ranges from 12–45 liter/min at numerous locations respectively. In this experimental work, bubble, and slug flow regimes have been selected in the multiphase flow pattern to be examined on the multiphase flow assurance. The results of this research will provide valuable new experimental data on multiphase flow characteristics for designated flow regimes that can improve flow assurance in subsea conditions by including the temperature and Pressure effects.
Offshore drilling projects can be as complex as they are costly, and many problems can arise duri... more Offshore drilling projects can be as complex as they are costly, and many problems can arise during the drilling and extraction of sub-sea pipelines petroleum, including environmental issues. The oil and gas industry relies on multi-phase, multi-component flow techniques to transport substances such as gas, oil and water through horizontal and sub-sea pipelines. Artic and offshore drill sites can be particularly challenging due to hydrate formation in the transport horizontal and sub-sea pipelines. This study investigates the feasibility of using a four-phase, four-fluid flow Multi-Component through horizontal pipelines to move a four-phase multi-component flow (oil, gas, water, and sand particles) through submerged pipelines. In order to accurately gauge the multi-component mixtures’ hydro- and thermo-dynamic properties, fluid equilibrium and phase-behavior models are constructed. As well, to examine various interrelated factors such as momentum, mass and heat transfer occurring between pipelines walls and flow, a series of equations are developed. In the present study, the effect of temperature and pressure on multi-phase flows in horizontal and sub-sea pipelines is investigated. As well, models of flow patterns and pressure drops are created specifically for horizontal and sub-sea pipeline environments. Note that the terms “Four-Phase and Multi-Component flow” are used interchangeably in this study. And Create pressure drops and flow behavior models of multi-phase flows for horizontal and sub-sea pipelines. Furthermore, multi-phase flows may occur in any one of the following combinations: liquid-gas, liquid-gas-solid, liquid-liquid-gas-solid, An example of a, liquid-liquid-gas-solid flow is four immiscible fluids and component (e.g., water, oil, gas, and solid), immiscible liquids being those which do not form a homogeneous mixture when added together. In terms of practical applications of multi-phase and multi-component flows, water injected into an oil pipelines helps to decreases both the pressure gradient and flow resistance.
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>This paper investigates issues around... more <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>This paper investigates issues around four-phase (Oil/CO2/water/sand) flows occurring within subsea pipelines. Multi-phase flows are the norm, as production fluid from reservoirs typically include sand with water. However, these multi-phase flow mixtures, whether three- or four-phase, are at risk of forming slug flows. The inclusion of sand in this mixture is concerning, as it not only leads to increased levels of pipeline erosion but it also has the potential, to accumulate sand at the bottom of the pipe, blocking the pipe or at the very least hindering the flow. This latter impact can prove problematic, as a minimum fluid velocity must be maintained to ensure the safe and regulated flow of particles along a pipeline. The presence of low amounts of sand particles in oil/gas/water flow mixtures can serve to reduce the pressure exerted on bends. The sand volume fraction must in this case, be relatively low such that the particles' resistance causes only a moderate loss in pressure. Therefore, the study aims to gauge the impact of oil/gas/water/sand mixtures on various pipeline structures as well as to further investigate the phenomenon of flow-induced vibration to determine the optimal flow variables which can be applied predicting the structural responses of subsea pipelines.</jats:p>
Many offshore drilling sites are plagued by infrastructure break-downs and other issues due to th... more Many offshore drilling sites are plagued by infrastructure break-downs and other issues due to the complexity of the systems required for the subsea extraction of oil and gas (O&G). For the most part, the O&G industry uses multi-phase and multi-component pipeline flows to move their product from one site to another or to different areas of the same site. In extreme environments, such as offshore or Arctic sites, the development of Sand particles along the pipelines can bring additional challenges to the project. The present work examines the practicality of applying a system of four-phase four-fluid flows for transporting a multi-phase flow (sand, water, oil and CO2) along subsea pipelines. As a means for precisely measuring and predicting the characteristics of thermo- and hydro-dynamic multi-component mixtures, models representing phase behavior and hydrate equilibrium are built and tested. Additionally, the study looks at heat transfer, mass and momentum in both the flow and pipe walls and develops equations to describe their interrelationships. Another focus of this work it to investigate four-phase multi-component flow systems in order to obtain a deeper understanding of transient flow in various types of pipes, including conditions around the system of four-phase four-fluid flows, and hydro-dynamic variable effects on flow.
This paper investigates issues around four-phase (Oil/CO2/water/sand) flows occurring within pipe... more This paper investigates issues around four-phase (Oil/CO2/water/sand) flows occurring within pipelines. Multiphase flows are the norm, as production fluid from reservoirs typically include sand with water. However, these multi-phase flow mixtures, whether three- or four-phase, are at risk of forming slug flows. The inclusion of sand in this mixture is concerning, as it not only leads to increased levels of pipeline erosion but it also has the potential, to accumulate sand at the bottom of the pipe, blocking the pipe or at the very least hindering the flow. This latter impact can prove problematic, as a minimum fluid velocity must be maintained to ensure the safe and regulated flow of particles along a pipeline. The presence of low amounts of sand particles in oil/gas/water flow mixtures can serve to reduce the pressure exerted on bends. The sand volume fraction must in this case, be relatively low such that the particles’ resistance causes only a moderate loss in pressure. Therefore, the study aims to gauge the impact of oil/gas/water/sand mixtures on various pipeline structures as well as to further investigate the phenomenon of flow-induced vibration to determine the optimal flow variables which can be applied predicting the structural responses of pipelines.
This paper investigates issues around four-phase (Oil/CO2/water/sand) flows occurring within pipe... more This paper investigates issues around four-phase (Oil/CO2/water/sand) flows occurring within pipelines. Multiphase flows are the norm, as production fluid from reservoirs typically include sand with water. However, these multi-phase flow mixtures, whether three- or four-phase, are at risk of forming slug flows. The inclusion of sand in this mixture is concerning, as it not only leads to increased levels of pipeline erosion but it also has the potential, to accumulate sand at the bottom of the pipe, blocking the pipe or at the very least hindering the flow. This latter impact can prove problematic, as a minimum fluid velocity must be maintained to ensure the safe and regulated flow of particles along a pipeline. The presence of low amounts of sand particles in oil/gas/water flow mixtures can serve to reduce the pressure exerted on bends. The sand volume fraction must in this case, be relatively low such that the particles’ resistance causes only a moderate loss in pressure. Therefore...
Two-phase flow of gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian fluid through pipes occurs frequently in th... more Two-phase flow of gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian fluid through pipes occurs frequently in the chemical industry as well as in petroleum refining. Extensive experimental and theoretical research has been carried out on these systems in order to better understand their behaviour under different conditions regarding pressure, temperature and mixture concentrations. In this study, experimental apparatuses are used to investigate two-phase flow of gas/liquid systems through pipes. Air is used as the gas in the experiments, while water is used as the Newtonian fluid and Xanthan gum as the non-Newtonian fluid. The objectives of the study are to compare pressure drops when the same gas flows simultaneously with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids through tubes. The comparison here is between experimental pressure drops and estimated pressure drops, based on available empirical correlations for gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian flow. The trend exhibited by the pressure drops in both systems helps us to better understand the relationship between mixture flow pressure drops in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids and thereby develop a new experimental model. The tube diameter for the flow loop is 3/4 inch and the flow type ranges from transient to turbulent.
Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology
Materials Science and Engineering: A, 1995
Localized corrosion continues to be a major cause of degradation failure in a wide variety of tec... more Localized corrosion continues to be a major cause of degradation failure in a wide variety of technological applications. The propagation stage of failure is no longer a fundamentally difficult job to characterize for pits and stress corrosion cracks, for example. It is the initiation stage that remains difficult to characterize, arising in part because of the difficulty in being able to predict where and when localized attack will occur. Recent developments in scanned probe techniques have created renewed interest in this problem. The present paper will describe some of the recent advances in optical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical techniques that are directed at providing local information on precursor sites and vulnerable areas on metal and semiconductor surfaces.
Materials Science and Engineering A
Localized corrosion continues to be a major cause of degradation failure in a wide variety of tec... more Localized corrosion continues to be a major cause of degradation failure in a wide variety of technological applications. The propagation stage of failure is no longer a fundamentally difficult job to characterize for pits and stress corrosion cracks, for example. It is the initiation stage that remains difficult to characterize, arising in part because of the difficulty in being able to predict where and when localized attack will occur. Recent developments in scanned probe techniques have created renewed interest in this problem. The present paper will describe some of the recent advances in optical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical techniques that are directed at providing local information on precursor sites and vulnerable areas on metal and semiconductor surfaces.
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Papers by Mohamed Abdalla Odan