Data of continuous observation of crustal strain and tilt are investigated before and after the 1... more Data of continuous observation of crustal strain and tilt are investigated before and after the 1983 japan Sea earthquake (M 7.7) with reference to other data sets of sea level and seismicity. Strain rates at Oga and Nibetsu, whose epicentral distances are 80 km and 120 km, respectively, changed twice : in January, 1979 and April, 1980. Although the onset times of the rate change do not agree with each other, uplifting speed at the two tidal stations, Fukaura, 80 km northeast of the epicenter, and Oga changed nearly at the same period. Anomalous westward tilting was observed by water-tube tiltmeters at Oga during the period from 1980 to 1982. These phenomena might be regarded as precursors. An aseismic slip model is derived to explain the strain rate change data observed at Nibetsu. A change in strain rate after the earthquake was also observed at Nibetsu in 1986. A sudden decrease in the aftershock activity was found almost at the same time so that the observed strain might respond to the change in stress field in and around the focal region.
International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 2015
Real-time monitoring of crustal deformation is important in achieving rapid understanding of eart... more Real-time monitoring of crustal deformation is important in achieving rapid understanding of earthquake magnitude and fault model. Recently, an algorithm called Real-time Automatic detection method for Permanent Displacement (“RAPiD”) has been developed to detect/estimate static ground displacements due to earthquake faulting from real-time kinematic (RTK)-GPS time series. We applied this algorithm to the 2011 off Ibaraki earthquake (Mw 7.7), which occurred only 30 min after the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake (Mw 9.0). The RAPiD algorithm worked well with the long baseline RTK-GPS time series for quasi real-time coseismic displacement detection and estimation. A quasi real-time fault determination was also attempted with an automatic detection/estimation displacement field. We found that the estimated moment release reached Mw 7.7 60 s after the origin time, almost the same as the actual seismic moment for this earthquake. We also assessed the long-term stability of the RTK-GPS time series under a 200-km baseline condition. We found the time series precision degraded slightly in summer compared with winter. However, the total stability is good for monitoring crustal deformation. These results suggest clearly that using real-time GPS data in conjunction with the RAPiD algorithm can provide rapid coseismic fault determination, even for consecutive large earthquakes.
Rat peroxisome assembly factor-2 (PAF-2) cDNA was isolated by functional complementation of perox... more Rat peroxisome assembly factor-2 (PAF-2) cDNA was isolated by functional complementation of peroxisome deficiency of a mutant CHO cell line, ZP92, using transient transfection assay. This cDNA encodes a 978-amino acid protein with two putative ATP-binding sites. PAF-2 is a member of a putative ATPase family, including two yeast gene products essential for peroxisome assembly. A stable transformant of ZP92 with the cDNA was morphologically and biochemically restored for peroxisome biogenesis. Fibroblasts derived from patients deficient in peroxisome biogenesis (complementation group C) were also complemented with PAF-2 cDNA, indicating that PAF-2 is a strong candidate for the pathogenic gene of group C peroxisome deficiency.
Recent theoretical simulations on the Glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) have revealed that the m... more Recent theoretical simulations on the Glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) have revealed that the model differences arising from considering mantle compressibility are not necessarily negligible if compared with the observation accuracy of present-day deformation rates. In this study, a compressible model is constructed for the GIA in southeast Alaska, and the uplift rate is compared with GPS data and the incompressible case for the first time. It is shown that, for Maxwell rheology, the incompressible model potentially underestimates the mean uplift rate by approximately 27% (4 mm/yr) with respect to the compressible case and the difference is detectable given observational precision. This difference between the compressible and incompressible models is reduced to 10% by matching the flexural rigidity of both earth models. When carrying out an
Rationale: Although enhanced appetite and weight gain are potential side effects of treatment wit... more Rationale: Although enhanced appetite and weight gain are potential side effects of treatment with antipsychotic agents, particularly olanzapine and clozapine, the mechanism is poorly understood. Objectives: To test the hypothesis that ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone that enhances appetite, is involved in increased food intake and weight gain during treatment with antipsychotics. Methods: Serum ghrelin concentrations were investigated in schizophrenic patients receiving olanzapine or risperidone, and in healthy volunteers. Results: Serum ghrelin concentrations did not increase, but rather decreased, in patients treated with olanzapine or risperidone in comparison with healthy volunteers. No significant difference was found in serum ghrelin concentration between patients treated with olanzapine and risperidone. Conclusions: Our results indicate that ghrelin is not a direct cause of increased food intake and weight gain during treatment with olanzapine or risperidone, whereas ghrelin is associated with metabolic change in patients receiving these agents.
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access t... more BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.
Many Global Positioning System (GPS) stations of the Geographical Survey Institute and Tohoku Uni... more Many Global Positioning System (GPS) stations of the Geographical Survey Institute and Tohoku University in northeastern Japan observed clear coseismic and postseismic deformations associated with the M7.5 1994 Far Off Sanriku earthquake. Applying the geodetic inversion algorithm given by Yabuki and Matsu'ura (Geophys. J. Int., 1992, 109, 363-376) to the observed GPS data, we estimate in this paper the spatial distributions of the coseismic and postseismic slip on the boundary between the subducting Pacific plate and the overriding continental plate. It is noted that the coseismic slip estimated in this paper denotes the slip for a period between the day before and the day after the main shock. The inversion for coseismic slip shows that the main shock was thrust faulting typical for interplate earthquakes, which is consistent with the results of other seismological studies. The short-term postseismic deformation (STD) observed for a period of ca. 10 days between the main shock and its largest aftershock shows that the initially high deformation-rate was lowered rather rapidly in comparison with the subsequent long-term deformations (LTD) lasting longer than 1 year, which decreased at an almost constant low rate. The observed data of STD can be explained by postseismic slip distributed approximately on the same region as the faulting area of the main shock, where the moment release during this period is ca. 16% of that estimated for the coseismic slip. The region of the sliding causing LTD is found to have significantly expanded southward and downward (or westward) on the plate boundary. The moment released by the postseismic sliding for nearly 1 year amounts approximately to 80% of that released by the coseismic slip in addition to the contribution from uniform steady sliding due to the relative plate motion. Furthermore, we find from the inversion analysis a locked region to the south of the long-term postseismic sliding region on the plate boundary. The amount of nominal back-slip estimated is so large that the locked region of the plate boundary is considered to have been tightly coupled for the year of 1995. This study demonstrates that the GPS observation only for ca. 1 year can distinguish the decoupled region due to the postseismic sliding around the source area of the main shock from the coupled one of the plate boundary.
We estimated the temperature distribution within the crust of the northeastern Japan arc from P w... more We estimated the temperature distribution within the crust of the northeastern Japan arc from P wave velocity perturbations obtained by travel time tomography. By comparing the estimated temperature distribution with the focal depth distribution of shallow, precisely relocated microearthquakes, we found that the brittle to ductile or stickslip to stable-sliding transition occurs at the~400°C isotherm and that the transition depth has considerable lateral variations. The brittle seismogenic zone, the upper portion of the crust, becomes locally thin in the P wave lowvelocity areas, where the temperature is estimated to be relatively high. Concentration of shallow microearthquakes, high topography and relatively large contractile deformation of the crust are also observed in these low-velocity areas. Active faults are not distributed in the low-velocity areas but lie just along the edge of those areas or outside them. All these observations suggest that earthquake occurrence and deformation within the crust is governed, to a considerable degree, by the thermal regime of this volcanic arc, which is characterized by a horizontally inhomogeneous distribution of temperature.
We have reevaluated the viscoelastic and elastic responses to the past and present-day ice change... more We have reevaluated the viscoelastic and elastic responses to the past and present-day ice changes in Southeast Alaska (SE-AK) based on a GPS data set by combining the data previously published in 2005 with additional uplift rates compiled recently. There are 22 new GPS sites, yielding a total of 91 sites. The mean observation epoch of the data sets is the middle of 2003. Here we considered three ice unloading effects due to the last glacial maximum (LGM), the Little Ice Age (LIA) and the present-day ice melting (PDIM). We also examined the dependency of the estimated lithospheric thickness and the asthenospheric viscosity on PDIM models. For this test, two PDIM models were used: one is a model, called here the UAF05 ice model, whose mean epoch is the mid-1970s, and the other is a model, called here the UAF07 model, whose mean epoch is the mid-1980s. Statistical examinations of the misfits between observations and model predictions indicate that UAF07 gives much more consistent results than UAF05, based on the magnitude of the minimum χ 2 and the agreement of the residual distribution with a Gaussian function. We have tested two different kinds of mantle viscosity structure: a 2-layer model similar to the model used the paper previously published in 2005 and a 4-layer model. For the 2-layer model, at the 95% confidence level, the optimum values for the lithospheric thickness and the asthenospheric viscosity (with a thickness of 110 km) are 54 (45-65) km and 5.58 (4.0-12.0) in unit of 10 18 Pa s, respectively. On the other hand, for the 4-layer model, the best values were 60 (42-63) km and 10.0 (3.0-13) in unit of 10 18 Pa s, respectively. The comparison between the analysis results for GPS data and the model computations indicates that the observations detect not only the uplift rates in SE-AK but also their time variations which are considered to be due to the glacier changes after the 1990s.
Dementia with Lewy bodies brains were immunohistochemically investigated using anti-synphilin-1 a... more Dementia with Lewy bodies brains were immunohistochemically investigated using anti-synphilin-1 antibodies. The a-synuclein-positive brainstem type and well-defined cortical type Lewy bodies (LB) were positive for synphilin-1, while ill-defined LB and LB-related neurites were negative, suggesting that synphilin-1 does not directly associate with asynuclein. Synphilin-1-positive LB were double-positive for phosphorylated neurofilament. In addition, tau-positive neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) were positive for synphilin-1, while neuropil threads were negative. Immunoelectron microscopically, synphilin-1 was located on filamentous components in cortical type LB and on paired helical filaments in NFT. It is likely that synphilin-1 accumulates in the cell body according to the axonal transport blockage, and associates with abnormal cytoskeltons during the formation of LB or NFT, suggesting that synphilin-1 is non-specifically implicated in the formation of different neuronal cytoskeletal inclusions.
Peroxisomes are among the intracellular organelles of eukaryotic cells that contain specialized s... more Peroxisomes are among the intracellular organelles of eukaryotic cells that contain specialized sets of enzymes with specific functions. Little is known of membranous components involved in assembly of the intracellular compartments. We isolated two peroxisome-deficient and mutually complementary, Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants, Z65 and Z24, which closely resembled fibroblasts from patients with autosomal recessive, peroxisome-defective disorders such as Zellweger syndrome. These patients show characteristic dysmorphism, severe hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, and peroxisomal dysfunctions and rarely survive early childhood. Here we report what seems to be the first direct cloning and characterization of a complementary DNA encoding a peroxisomal membrane protein of relative molecular mass 35,000 (Mr35K) that restores the biogenesis of peroxisomes and complements the defect of peroxisomal functions in the mutant Z65.
We have prepared polysilane–titania hybrid thin films using titanium alkoxides with poly(methylph... more We have prepared polysilane–titania hybrid thin films using titanium alkoxides with poly(methylphenylsilane)/3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane block copolymer (P(MPS-co-MPTES)) via sol–gel reaction. The polysilane block copolymer bonded to titania component through SiOTi derived from hydrolysis/condensation of P(MPS-co-MPTES) and Ti(O-n-C4H9)4. Additionally, it was found by tapping-mode atomic force microscope (AFM) that the polysilane segments disperse in titania component in a range of several 10 nm.
Abstract The giant magnetoresistance effect of Co/Cu multilayers fabricated on Fe–Si buffer layer... more Abstract The giant magnetoresistance effect of Co/Cu multilayers fabricated on Fe–Si buffer layer was investigated as a function of the chemical composition of the buffer layer. Fe 84 Si 16 buffer layer facilitates lateral grain growth of the Co/Cu multilayer and a large magnetoresistance ratio is obtained from it. No intermetallic compounds in Fe–Si system play any role in the enhancement of lateral grain growth of the multilayers.
The northeastern Japan arc is located in a typical subduction zone and is a seismically active re... more The northeastern Japan arc is located in a typical subduction zone and is a seismically active region where large interplate earthquakes have occurred repeatedly. The nationwide GPS network has made it possible to investigate the crustal deformation in unprecedented detail; however, vertical displacements are less accurate than the horizontal ones and have not been used to constrain interplate coupling models. In this study, GPS carrier phase data are analyzed in order to estimate three components of site displacements. The result indicates uplift along the Japan Sea coast and subsidence along the Pacific Ocean coast. Using the vertical site velocities together with the horizontal ones as the data for a geodetic inversion method, a new model of interplate coupling is constructed to explain both the horizontal and vertical velocities for the interseismic period from 1997 to 2001. The model demonstrates strong coupling in the area off Miyagi and in the area off Aomori through the area off Tokachi, including the areas of asperities. The downdip limit of the locked fault zone on the plate boundary has been estimated seismologically to be at a depth of 50-60 km in northeastern Japan, and the distribution of slip deficits derived in this study indicates that the transition zone extends down to a depth of about 100 km.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 1999
We use Global Positioning System (GPS) velocity data to model eastern Asian plate kinematics. Out... more We use Global Positioning System (GPS) velocity data to model eastern Asian plate kinematics. Out of 15 stations in Korea, Russia, China, and Japan studied here, three sites considered to be on the stable interior of the hypothetical Amurian Plate showed eastward velocities as fast as-•9-10 mm/yr with respect to the Eurasian Plate. They were stationary relative to each other to within 1 mm/yr, and these velocity vectors together with those of a few additional sites were used to accurately determine the instantaneous angular velocity (Euler) vector of the Amurian Plate. The predicted movement between the Amurian and the North American Plates is consistent with slip vectors along the eastern margin of the Japan Sea and Sakhalin, which reduces the necessity to postulate the existence of the Okhotsk Plate. The Euler vector of the Amurian Plate predicts left-lateral movement along its boundary with the south China block, consistent with neotectonic estimates of the displacement at the Qinling fault, possibly the southern boundary of the Amurian Plate. The Amurian Plate offers a platform for models of interseismic strain buildup in southwest Japan by the Philippine Sea Plate subduction at the Nankai Trough. Slip vectors along the Baikal rift, the boundary between the Amurian and the Eurasian Plates, are largely inconsistent with the GPS-based Euler vector, suggesting an intrinsic difficulty in using earthquake slip vectors in continental rift zones for such studies.
Data of continuous observation of crustal strain and tilt are investigated before and after the 1... more Data of continuous observation of crustal strain and tilt are investigated before and after the 1983 japan Sea earthquake (M 7.7) with reference to other data sets of sea level and seismicity. Strain rates at Oga and Nibetsu, whose epicentral distances are 80 km and 120 km, respectively, changed twice : in January, 1979 and April, 1980. Although the onset times of the rate change do not agree with each other, uplifting speed at the two tidal stations, Fukaura, 80 km northeast of the epicenter, and Oga changed nearly at the same period. Anomalous westward tilting was observed by water-tube tiltmeters at Oga during the period from 1980 to 1982. These phenomena might be regarded as precursors. An aseismic slip model is derived to explain the strain rate change data observed at Nibetsu. A change in strain rate after the earthquake was also observed at Nibetsu in 1986. A sudden decrease in the aftershock activity was found almost at the same time so that the observed strain might respond to the change in stress field in and around the focal region.
International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 2015
Real-time monitoring of crustal deformation is important in achieving rapid understanding of eart... more Real-time monitoring of crustal deformation is important in achieving rapid understanding of earthquake magnitude and fault model. Recently, an algorithm called Real-time Automatic detection method for Permanent Displacement (“RAPiD”) has been developed to detect/estimate static ground displacements due to earthquake faulting from real-time kinematic (RTK)-GPS time series. We applied this algorithm to the 2011 off Ibaraki earthquake (Mw 7.7), which occurred only 30 min after the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake (Mw 9.0). The RAPiD algorithm worked well with the long baseline RTK-GPS time series for quasi real-time coseismic displacement detection and estimation. A quasi real-time fault determination was also attempted with an automatic detection/estimation displacement field. We found that the estimated moment release reached Mw 7.7 60 s after the origin time, almost the same as the actual seismic moment for this earthquake. We also assessed the long-term stability of the RTK-GPS time series under a 200-km baseline condition. We found the time series precision degraded slightly in summer compared with winter. However, the total stability is good for monitoring crustal deformation. These results suggest clearly that using real-time GPS data in conjunction with the RAPiD algorithm can provide rapid coseismic fault determination, even for consecutive large earthquakes.
Rat peroxisome assembly factor-2 (PAF-2) cDNA was isolated by functional complementation of perox... more Rat peroxisome assembly factor-2 (PAF-2) cDNA was isolated by functional complementation of peroxisome deficiency of a mutant CHO cell line, ZP92, using transient transfection assay. This cDNA encodes a 978-amino acid protein with two putative ATP-binding sites. PAF-2 is a member of a putative ATPase family, including two yeast gene products essential for peroxisome assembly. A stable transformant of ZP92 with the cDNA was morphologically and biochemically restored for peroxisome biogenesis. Fibroblasts derived from patients deficient in peroxisome biogenesis (complementation group C) were also complemented with PAF-2 cDNA, indicating that PAF-2 is a strong candidate for the pathogenic gene of group C peroxisome deficiency.
Recent theoretical simulations on the Glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) have revealed that the m... more Recent theoretical simulations on the Glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) have revealed that the model differences arising from considering mantle compressibility are not necessarily negligible if compared with the observation accuracy of present-day deformation rates. In this study, a compressible model is constructed for the GIA in southeast Alaska, and the uplift rate is compared with GPS data and the incompressible case for the first time. It is shown that, for Maxwell rheology, the incompressible model potentially underestimates the mean uplift rate by approximately 27% (4 mm/yr) with respect to the compressible case and the difference is detectable given observational precision. This difference between the compressible and incompressible models is reduced to 10% by matching the flexural rigidity of both earth models. When carrying out an
Rationale: Although enhanced appetite and weight gain are potential side effects of treatment wit... more Rationale: Although enhanced appetite and weight gain are potential side effects of treatment with antipsychotic agents, particularly olanzapine and clozapine, the mechanism is poorly understood. Objectives: To test the hypothesis that ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone that enhances appetite, is involved in increased food intake and weight gain during treatment with antipsychotics. Methods: Serum ghrelin concentrations were investigated in schizophrenic patients receiving olanzapine or risperidone, and in healthy volunteers. Results: Serum ghrelin concentrations did not increase, but rather decreased, in patients treated with olanzapine or risperidone in comparison with healthy volunteers. No significant difference was found in serum ghrelin concentration between patients treated with olanzapine and risperidone. Conclusions: Our results indicate that ghrelin is not a direct cause of increased food intake and weight gain during treatment with olanzapine or risperidone, whereas ghrelin is associated with metabolic change in patients receiving these agents.
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access t... more BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.
Many Global Positioning System (GPS) stations of the Geographical Survey Institute and Tohoku Uni... more Many Global Positioning System (GPS) stations of the Geographical Survey Institute and Tohoku University in northeastern Japan observed clear coseismic and postseismic deformations associated with the M7.5 1994 Far Off Sanriku earthquake. Applying the geodetic inversion algorithm given by Yabuki and Matsu'ura (Geophys. J. Int., 1992, 109, 363-376) to the observed GPS data, we estimate in this paper the spatial distributions of the coseismic and postseismic slip on the boundary between the subducting Pacific plate and the overriding continental plate. It is noted that the coseismic slip estimated in this paper denotes the slip for a period between the day before and the day after the main shock. The inversion for coseismic slip shows that the main shock was thrust faulting typical for interplate earthquakes, which is consistent with the results of other seismological studies. The short-term postseismic deformation (STD) observed for a period of ca. 10 days between the main shock and its largest aftershock shows that the initially high deformation-rate was lowered rather rapidly in comparison with the subsequent long-term deformations (LTD) lasting longer than 1 year, which decreased at an almost constant low rate. The observed data of STD can be explained by postseismic slip distributed approximately on the same region as the faulting area of the main shock, where the moment release during this period is ca. 16% of that estimated for the coseismic slip. The region of the sliding causing LTD is found to have significantly expanded southward and downward (or westward) on the plate boundary. The moment released by the postseismic sliding for nearly 1 year amounts approximately to 80% of that released by the coseismic slip in addition to the contribution from uniform steady sliding due to the relative plate motion. Furthermore, we find from the inversion analysis a locked region to the south of the long-term postseismic sliding region on the plate boundary. The amount of nominal back-slip estimated is so large that the locked region of the plate boundary is considered to have been tightly coupled for the year of 1995. This study demonstrates that the GPS observation only for ca. 1 year can distinguish the decoupled region due to the postseismic sliding around the source area of the main shock from the coupled one of the plate boundary.
We estimated the temperature distribution within the crust of the northeastern Japan arc from P w... more We estimated the temperature distribution within the crust of the northeastern Japan arc from P wave velocity perturbations obtained by travel time tomography. By comparing the estimated temperature distribution with the focal depth distribution of shallow, precisely relocated microearthquakes, we found that the brittle to ductile or stickslip to stable-sliding transition occurs at the~400°C isotherm and that the transition depth has considerable lateral variations. The brittle seismogenic zone, the upper portion of the crust, becomes locally thin in the P wave lowvelocity areas, where the temperature is estimated to be relatively high. Concentration of shallow microearthquakes, high topography and relatively large contractile deformation of the crust are also observed in these low-velocity areas. Active faults are not distributed in the low-velocity areas but lie just along the edge of those areas or outside them. All these observations suggest that earthquake occurrence and deformation within the crust is governed, to a considerable degree, by the thermal regime of this volcanic arc, which is characterized by a horizontally inhomogeneous distribution of temperature.
We have reevaluated the viscoelastic and elastic responses to the past and present-day ice change... more We have reevaluated the viscoelastic and elastic responses to the past and present-day ice changes in Southeast Alaska (SE-AK) based on a GPS data set by combining the data previously published in 2005 with additional uplift rates compiled recently. There are 22 new GPS sites, yielding a total of 91 sites. The mean observation epoch of the data sets is the middle of 2003. Here we considered three ice unloading effects due to the last glacial maximum (LGM), the Little Ice Age (LIA) and the present-day ice melting (PDIM). We also examined the dependency of the estimated lithospheric thickness and the asthenospheric viscosity on PDIM models. For this test, two PDIM models were used: one is a model, called here the UAF05 ice model, whose mean epoch is the mid-1970s, and the other is a model, called here the UAF07 model, whose mean epoch is the mid-1980s. Statistical examinations of the misfits between observations and model predictions indicate that UAF07 gives much more consistent results than UAF05, based on the magnitude of the minimum χ 2 and the agreement of the residual distribution with a Gaussian function. We have tested two different kinds of mantle viscosity structure: a 2-layer model similar to the model used the paper previously published in 2005 and a 4-layer model. For the 2-layer model, at the 95% confidence level, the optimum values for the lithospheric thickness and the asthenospheric viscosity (with a thickness of 110 km) are 54 (45-65) km and 5.58 (4.0-12.0) in unit of 10 18 Pa s, respectively. On the other hand, for the 4-layer model, the best values were 60 (42-63) km and 10.0 (3.0-13) in unit of 10 18 Pa s, respectively. The comparison between the analysis results for GPS data and the model computations indicates that the observations detect not only the uplift rates in SE-AK but also their time variations which are considered to be due to the glacier changes after the 1990s.
Dementia with Lewy bodies brains were immunohistochemically investigated using anti-synphilin-1 a... more Dementia with Lewy bodies brains were immunohistochemically investigated using anti-synphilin-1 antibodies. The a-synuclein-positive brainstem type and well-defined cortical type Lewy bodies (LB) were positive for synphilin-1, while ill-defined LB and LB-related neurites were negative, suggesting that synphilin-1 does not directly associate with asynuclein. Synphilin-1-positive LB were double-positive for phosphorylated neurofilament. In addition, tau-positive neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) were positive for synphilin-1, while neuropil threads were negative. Immunoelectron microscopically, synphilin-1 was located on filamentous components in cortical type LB and on paired helical filaments in NFT. It is likely that synphilin-1 accumulates in the cell body according to the axonal transport blockage, and associates with abnormal cytoskeltons during the formation of LB or NFT, suggesting that synphilin-1 is non-specifically implicated in the formation of different neuronal cytoskeletal inclusions.
Peroxisomes are among the intracellular organelles of eukaryotic cells that contain specialized s... more Peroxisomes are among the intracellular organelles of eukaryotic cells that contain specialized sets of enzymes with specific functions. Little is known of membranous components involved in assembly of the intracellular compartments. We isolated two peroxisome-deficient and mutually complementary, Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants, Z65 and Z24, which closely resembled fibroblasts from patients with autosomal recessive, peroxisome-defective disorders such as Zellweger syndrome. These patients show characteristic dysmorphism, severe hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, and peroxisomal dysfunctions and rarely survive early childhood. Here we report what seems to be the first direct cloning and characterization of a complementary DNA encoding a peroxisomal membrane protein of relative molecular mass 35,000 (Mr35K) that restores the biogenesis of peroxisomes and complements the defect of peroxisomal functions in the mutant Z65.
We have prepared polysilane–titania hybrid thin films using titanium alkoxides with poly(methylph... more We have prepared polysilane–titania hybrid thin films using titanium alkoxides with poly(methylphenylsilane)/3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane block copolymer (P(MPS-co-MPTES)) via sol–gel reaction. The polysilane block copolymer bonded to titania component through SiOTi derived from hydrolysis/condensation of P(MPS-co-MPTES) and Ti(O-n-C4H9)4. Additionally, it was found by tapping-mode atomic force microscope (AFM) that the polysilane segments disperse in titania component in a range of several 10 nm.
Abstract The giant magnetoresistance effect of Co/Cu multilayers fabricated on Fe–Si buffer layer... more Abstract The giant magnetoresistance effect of Co/Cu multilayers fabricated on Fe–Si buffer layer was investigated as a function of the chemical composition of the buffer layer. Fe 84 Si 16 buffer layer facilitates lateral grain growth of the Co/Cu multilayer and a large magnetoresistance ratio is obtained from it. No intermetallic compounds in Fe–Si system play any role in the enhancement of lateral grain growth of the multilayers.
The northeastern Japan arc is located in a typical subduction zone and is a seismically active re... more The northeastern Japan arc is located in a typical subduction zone and is a seismically active region where large interplate earthquakes have occurred repeatedly. The nationwide GPS network has made it possible to investigate the crustal deformation in unprecedented detail; however, vertical displacements are less accurate than the horizontal ones and have not been used to constrain interplate coupling models. In this study, GPS carrier phase data are analyzed in order to estimate three components of site displacements. The result indicates uplift along the Japan Sea coast and subsidence along the Pacific Ocean coast. Using the vertical site velocities together with the horizontal ones as the data for a geodetic inversion method, a new model of interplate coupling is constructed to explain both the horizontal and vertical velocities for the interseismic period from 1997 to 2001. The model demonstrates strong coupling in the area off Miyagi and in the area off Aomori through the area off Tokachi, including the areas of asperities. The downdip limit of the locked fault zone on the plate boundary has been estimated seismologically to be at a depth of 50-60 km in northeastern Japan, and the distribution of slip deficits derived in this study indicates that the transition zone extends down to a depth of about 100 km.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 1999
We use Global Positioning System (GPS) velocity data to model eastern Asian plate kinematics. Out... more We use Global Positioning System (GPS) velocity data to model eastern Asian plate kinematics. Out of 15 stations in Korea, Russia, China, and Japan studied here, three sites considered to be on the stable interior of the hypothetical Amurian Plate showed eastward velocities as fast as-•9-10 mm/yr with respect to the Eurasian Plate. They were stationary relative to each other to within 1 mm/yr, and these velocity vectors together with those of a few additional sites were used to accurately determine the instantaneous angular velocity (Euler) vector of the Amurian Plate. The predicted movement between the Amurian and the North American Plates is consistent with slip vectors along the eastern margin of the Japan Sea and Sakhalin, which reduces the necessity to postulate the existence of the Okhotsk Plate. The Euler vector of the Amurian Plate predicts left-lateral movement along its boundary with the south China block, consistent with neotectonic estimates of the displacement at the Qinling fault, possibly the southern boundary of the Amurian Plate. The Amurian Plate offers a platform for models of interseismic strain buildup in southwest Japan by the Philippine Sea Plate subduction at the Nankai Trough. Slip vectors along the Baikal rift, the boundary between the Amurian and the Eurasian Plates, are largely inconsistent with the GPS-based Euler vector, suggesting an intrinsic difficulty in using earthquake slip vectors in continental rift zones for such studies.
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Papers by Satoshi Miura