Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES, 2020
BACKGROUND Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is of profound importance concerning prognosis ... more BACKGROUND Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is of profound importance concerning prognosis and treatment among children with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) are one of the methods recommended for ICP monitoring. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation of ONSD change in brain computed tomography (CT) with pediatric Glasgow Coma Score (pGCS) in the follow-up of pediatric cases with TBI, and also to evaluate the usability of the ONSD, which is the indicator of ICP. METHODS The data of 921 pediatric patients who were admitted to the emergency department with head injury between January 2016 and January 2018 were retrospectively evaluated in this study. Age, gender, trauma type, brain CT finding, pGCS, type of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and isolated skull fracture (ISF) were investigated. The patients were evaluated in three groups based on CT findings: (i) patients with parenchymal brain injury, (ii) patients wit...
Background We aimed to test the clinical relevance of a newly introduced anatomical classificatio... more Background We aimed to test the clinical relevance of a newly introduced anatomical classification system of the frontal sinus and to investigate the relation between the frontal sinus type according to this system and the development of frontal sinusitis. We retrospectively evaluated the computed tomography images of 808 frontal sinuses of 404 patients and classified the sinuses as small, medium-sized, and large, based on their size and relation to the orbital roof. We related this classification to the presence or absence of the findings of frontal sinusitis including mucosal thickening, retention cyst/polyp, and/or fluid collection. Results We found that the most common frontal sinus type is medium-sized (65.84%), followed by the small (22.89%) and large (11.26%) types, respectively. There was no significant difference between the right and left sides in terms of frontal sinus type (P<0.05). We recorded sinusitis in 28 (15.1%) small, 180 (33.8%) medium-sized, and 40 (43.9%) la...
Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base
Objective The aim of this study is to measure the average corpus callosum (CC) volume of healthy ... more Objective The aim of this study is to measure the average corpus callosum (CC) volume of healthy Turkish humans and to analyze the effects of gender and age on volumes, including the genu, truncus, and splenium parts of the CC. Patients and Methods Magnetic resonance imaging brain scans were obtained from 301 healthy male and female subjects, aged 11 to 84 years. The median age was 42 years (min–max: 11–82) in females and 49 years (min–max: 12–84) in males. Corpus callosum and its parts were calculated by using MRICloud. CC volumes of each subject were compared with those of the age and gender groups. Results All volumes of the CC were significantly higher in males than females. All left volumes except BCC were significantly higher than the right volumes in both males and females. The oldest two age groups (50–69 and 70–84 years) were found to have higher bilateral CC volumes, and bilateral BCC volumes were also higher than in the other two age groups (11–29 and 30–49 years). Conclu...
Desbuquois dysplasia is an autosomal recessive chondrodysplasia characterized by severe micromeli... more Desbuquois dysplasia is an autosomal recessive chondrodysplasia characterized by severe micromelic dwarfism, joint laxity, progressive scoliosis, and advanced carpotarsal ossification. Two different types of Desbuquois dysplasia have been identified according to the presence (Type 1) or absence (Type 2) of characteristic hand abnormalities including bifid distal thumb phalanx, an extra ossification center distal to the second metacarpal, and interphalangeal joint dislocations. Further, Kim et al have described a milder variant of Desbuquois dysplasia characterized by short stature and hands with short metacarpals, elongated proximal and distal phalanges, and extremely advanced carpal ossification. Here, we present a 19-year-old male patient with Kim variant of Desbuquois dysplasia. He displays almost all of the characteristic skeletal findings of Desbuquois dysplasia along with the characteristic hand features described by Kim et al. This patient is unique in that he also presents s...
Laryngeal cyst is a rare entity that constitutes only 4.3-6% of all benign laryngeal tumors and e... more Laryngeal cyst is a rare entity that constitutes only 4.3-6% of all benign laryngeal tumors and epiglottic vallecular cyst (EVC) is a variant of laryngeal cysts. As EVCs mostly remain asymptomatic in adulthood, they are only followed-up without any intervention. However, recent studies have shown that EVCs are not as innocuous as they have previously been regarded. Therefore, the detection of these lesions is of clinical importance. The majority of the EVCs are unintentionally discovered by otolaryngologists, anesthesiologists or endoscopists. But they may also be incidentally detected by radiologists during imaging studies performed for another purpose. Here, we present a 41-year-old lady who admitted with complaints regarding her neck and left upper limb and an EVC was detected in her left vallecula during the cervical spinal magnetic resonance imaging study.
Often called heel, the calcaneus is a large and strong bone that forms the back of the foot and t... more Often called heel, the calcaneus is a large and strong bone that forms the back of the foot and transfers most of the body weight from the lower extremity to the ground. It is the largest of the seven articulating bones that make up the tarsus. The calcaneus is located in the hindfoot with the talus and articulates with the talus and cuboid bones. Numerous ligaments and muscles attach to the calcaneus and help with its role in human bipedal biomechanics.
INTRODUCTION: Osteoid osteomas are benign osteoblastic bone tumors mostly seen in patients in the... more INTRODUCTION: Osteoid osteomas are benign osteoblastic bone tumors mostly seen in patients in the second or third decade of life, and they most frequently involve the femur and tibia. Hallux osteoid osteoma is an extremely rare occurrence with only 14 reported cases to date. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 46-year-old woman with a right hallux pain for the last 18 months was admitted. Her foot radiographs showed a small sclerotic focus on the distal phalanx and degenerative changes in the interphalangeal joint of the hallux. The complaints of the patient were attributed to osteoarthritis involving the interphalangeal joint and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were administered; however, the patient's condition did not improve, and hallux osteoid osteoma could not be correctly diagnosed until a CT scan was performed. DISCUSSION: We present a case of hallux osteoid osteoma in which the diagnosis was delayed greatly due to the unusuality of the lesion location, the advanced age of the patient, and the uncertainty of the clinical and radiographic appearance. CONCLUSION: Although rare, osteoid osteoma may occur in the hallux. Even if the patient age, pain pattern, and radiographic findings do not exactly meet the classical definitions for osteoid osteoma, this tumor should always be included in the differential diagnosis list in patients presenting with foot pain.
Objective: We aim to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with acute... more Objective: We aim to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, who had a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) below 15, and who had cerebral lesions detected in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: The age, gender, causes of CO intoxication, clinical signs, neurological findings, GCS, blood carboxyhemoglobin level (COHb), serum pH, lactate, creatine kinase (CK), creatinine kinase-myocardial band MB (CK-MB), troponin-I level, brain MRI (T1weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR and diffusion-weighted imaging), treatment, and mortality status of 327 patients were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The median age of patients was 31.5 years (IQR=19.5 years), 72.2% of the patients were women. Neurological findings were detected in 34 (10.4%) of the patients. The frequency of dyspnea was significantly higher in patients with neurological findings (p<0.05). The COHb and lactate levels of patients with neurological findings were found to be significantly high, the pH level was significantly lower (p<0.05). There was no significant relationship between the presence of neurological findings and CK, CK-MB, and troponin-I levels (p>0.05). Patients with neurological findings were found to have a significantly longer follow-up period, more frequently received hyperbaric oxygen therapy (p<0.05). The rate of hospitalization was 10.7%, the mortality rate was 0.9%. Hospitalization and mortality rates were significantly high in patients with neurological findings (p <0.05). Pathological findings were detected in 13 (40.6%) of 32 of patients (except for 2 patients who did not respond to the resuscitation) who had an MRI. Conclusions: It was determined that acute CO poisoning may lead to acute brain damage, 40.6% would be detected in brain MRIs taken in patients during the acute phase.
Patellar tendon-lateral femoral kondil sürtünme sendromu ile patellofemoral instabilite arasındak... more Patellar tendon-lateral femoral kondil sürtünme sendromu ile patellofemoral instabilite arasındaki ilişki
The aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic value of biplanar ultrasonography in detecting ... more The aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic value of biplanar ultrasonography in detecting degenerative changes of femoral articular cartilage using magnetic resonance imaging as the reference method. Material and Methods: Femoral articular cartilage examination was performed with ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in 40 patients with knee pain. Magnetic resonance imaging of the knees were carried out on a 1.5 T scanner with proton density weighted, fat suppressed sequence in three orthogonal planes. Ultrasonographic evaluations of the knees were performed in both longitudinal and transverse planes. Taking the findings of magnetic resonance imaging as a reference, the diagnostic effectiveness of biplanar US in detecting medial condylar, lateral condylar and intercondylar notch cartilage lesions were calculated. Results: The sensitivity of biplanar ultrasonography in detecting medial condylar, lateral condylar, and intercondylar notch cartilage lesions were 93.55%, 61.11%, and 53.85%, respectively. The specificity of the technique in detecting the lesions in these locations were 88.89%, 90.91%, and 100.00%, respectively. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is a relatively inexpensive, easily accessible and a non-invasive imaging tool. We found that biplanar ultrasonography is a reliable method in detecting medial condylar cartilage lesions in knee osteoarthritis, and we recommend using it for the purposes of screening and follow-up evaluation of medial type knee osteoarthritis where MRI is not accessible.
Meromelia refers to the partial absence of at least 1 limb and is also referred to as "terminal t... more Meromelia refers to the partial absence of at least 1 limb and is also referred to as "terminal transverse hemimelia." It can occur in either isolation or with other congenital malformations. There are very few publications in the literature that report meromelia cases accompanied by other congenital anomalies. Proximal focal femoral deficiency is another rare congenital skeletal abnormality and is characterized by the underdevelopment of the proximal part of the femur and shortening of the entire lower extremity. A case of upper limb meromelia accompanied by proximal focal femoral deficiency and fibular hemimelia in a neonate has previously been reported. However, to our knowledge, the association of upper limb meromelia with intermetatarsal coalition has never been reported to date. Here, we present an adult patient showing an unusual association of multiple rare congenital skeletal abnormalities including meromelia, proximal focal femoral deficiency, fibular hemimelia, and intermetatarsal coalition.
Radial longitudinal deficiency is a rare skeletal anomaly characterized by a defect in the develo... more Radial longitudinal deficiency is a rare skeletal anomaly characterized by a defect in the development of structures that form the radial half of the forearm. The disorder is associated with a large spectrum of preaxial abnormalities. It is shown that the thumb and preaxial carpal bones are almost always hypoplastic or absent in almost all types of radial longitudinal deficiency. Congenital dislocation of the dysplastic radial head may accompany this rare deformity. Herein, we present a 20-year-old male patient with radial longitudinal deficiency who had a markedly hypoplastic radius but had a thumb and carpal bones with normal size, shape, and joint relations. Further, the right radial longitudinal deficiency of our patient was unusually accompanied by left congenital radial head dislocation. Our case shows that, although rare, radial longitudinal deficiency can present without any carpal and thumb abnormalities. And the current case also shows that a contralateral sided congenital radial head dislocation may accompany radial longitudinal deficiency.
Hypertrophic olivary degeneration is a rare occurrence in which different pathological processes ... more Hypertrophic olivary degeneration is a rare occurrence in which different pathological processes including enlargement and vacuolation of the neurons, demyelination of the white matter, and fibrillary gliosis of the inferior olivary nucleus take place. It mostly develops secondary to a destructive lesion involving the Guillain–Mollaret pathway. The mostly reported destructive lesions causing hypertrophic olivary degeneration are stroke, trauma, tumors, neurosurgical interventions, and gamma knife treatment of brainstem cavernoma. It presents with symptomatic palatal tremor, and typically appears as an expansive nonenhancing nodular lesion that shows increased signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The identification of hypertrophic olivary degeneration on MRI is of great importance as its MRI appearance is very similar to those of more severe pathologies, including tumors, infarction, demyelinating lesions, and infections. We present a case of hypertrophic olivary degeneration in a patient with a history of ischemic stroke two years before the development of palatal tremor.
Human hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease caused by the larvae of the Echinococcus species, most c... more Human hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease caused by the larvae of the Echinococcus species, most commonly the Echinococcus granulosus. Although hydatid cyst can cause disease almost anywhere in the human body, it most commonly affects the liver and lungs. Primary musculoskeletal hydatid involvement is a very rare occurrence even in endemic regions. Musculoskeletal hydatid disease shows no pathognomonic clinical signs and symptoms. And the contribution of serology to the diagnosis is negligible due to the high rate of false-negative results. Therefore, radiological imaging studies have a critical role in the diagnosis of the disease. To the best of our knowledge, there are only a few case reports of primary hydatid involvement of the adductor magnus muscle in the current literature. Here we present a 55-year-old female patient with primary hydatid cyst in the adductor magnus muscle and discuss the case in terms of imaging.
Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES, 2020
BACKGROUND Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is of profound importance concerning prognosis ... more BACKGROUND Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is of profound importance concerning prognosis and treatment among children with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) are one of the methods recommended for ICP monitoring. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation of ONSD change in brain computed tomography (CT) with pediatric Glasgow Coma Score (pGCS) in the follow-up of pediatric cases with TBI, and also to evaluate the usability of the ONSD, which is the indicator of ICP. METHODS The data of 921 pediatric patients who were admitted to the emergency department with head injury between January 2016 and January 2018 were retrospectively evaluated in this study. Age, gender, trauma type, brain CT finding, pGCS, type of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and isolated skull fracture (ISF) were investigated. The patients were evaluated in three groups based on CT findings: (i) patients with parenchymal brain injury, (ii) patients wit...
Background We aimed to test the clinical relevance of a newly introduced anatomical classificatio... more Background We aimed to test the clinical relevance of a newly introduced anatomical classification system of the frontal sinus and to investigate the relation between the frontal sinus type according to this system and the development of frontal sinusitis. We retrospectively evaluated the computed tomography images of 808 frontal sinuses of 404 patients and classified the sinuses as small, medium-sized, and large, based on their size and relation to the orbital roof. We related this classification to the presence or absence of the findings of frontal sinusitis including mucosal thickening, retention cyst/polyp, and/or fluid collection. Results We found that the most common frontal sinus type is medium-sized (65.84%), followed by the small (22.89%) and large (11.26%) types, respectively. There was no significant difference between the right and left sides in terms of frontal sinus type (P<0.05). We recorded sinusitis in 28 (15.1%) small, 180 (33.8%) medium-sized, and 40 (43.9%) la...
Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base
Objective The aim of this study is to measure the average corpus callosum (CC) volume of healthy ... more Objective The aim of this study is to measure the average corpus callosum (CC) volume of healthy Turkish humans and to analyze the effects of gender and age on volumes, including the genu, truncus, and splenium parts of the CC. Patients and Methods Magnetic resonance imaging brain scans were obtained from 301 healthy male and female subjects, aged 11 to 84 years. The median age was 42 years (min–max: 11–82) in females and 49 years (min–max: 12–84) in males. Corpus callosum and its parts were calculated by using MRICloud. CC volumes of each subject were compared with those of the age and gender groups. Results All volumes of the CC were significantly higher in males than females. All left volumes except BCC were significantly higher than the right volumes in both males and females. The oldest two age groups (50–69 and 70–84 years) were found to have higher bilateral CC volumes, and bilateral BCC volumes were also higher than in the other two age groups (11–29 and 30–49 years). Conclu...
Desbuquois dysplasia is an autosomal recessive chondrodysplasia characterized by severe micromeli... more Desbuquois dysplasia is an autosomal recessive chondrodysplasia characterized by severe micromelic dwarfism, joint laxity, progressive scoliosis, and advanced carpotarsal ossification. Two different types of Desbuquois dysplasia have been identified according to the presence (Type 1) or absence (Type 2) of characteristic hand abnormalities including bifid distal thumb phalanx, an extra ossification center distal to the second metacarpal, and interphalangeal joint dislocations. Further, Kim et al have described a milder variant of Desbuquois dysplasia characterized by short stature and hands with short metacarpals, elongated proximal and distal phalanges, and extremely advanced carpal ossification. Here, we present a 19-year-old male patient with Kim variant of Desbuquois dysplasia. He displays almost all of the characteristic skeletal findings of Desbuquois dysplasia along with the characteristic hand features described by Kim et al. This patient is unique in that he also presents s...
Laryngeal cyst is a rare entity that constitutes only 4.3-6% of all benign laryngeal tumors and e... more Laryngeal cyst is a rare entity that constitutes only 4.3-6% of all benign laryngeal tumors and epiglottic vallecular cyst (EVC) is a variant of laryngeal cysts. As EVCs mostly remain asymptomatic in adulthood, they are only followed-up without any intervention. However, recent studies have shown that EVCs are not as innocuous as they have previously been regarded. Therefore, the detection of these lesions is of clinical importance. The majority of the EVCs are unintentionally discovered by otolaryngologists, anesthesiologists or endoscopists. But they may also be incidentally detected by radiologists during imaging studies performed for another purpose. Here, we present a 41-year-old lady who admitted with complaints regarding her neck and left upper limb and an EVC was detected in her left vallecula during the cervical spinal magnetic resonance imaging study.
Often called heel, the calcaneus is a large and strong bone that forms the back of the foot and t... more Often called heel, the calcaneus is a large and strong bone that forms the back of the foot and transfers most of the body weight from the lower extremity to the ground. It is the largest of the seven articulating bones that make up the tarsus. The calcaneus is located in the hindfoot with the talus and articulates with the talus and cuboid bones. Numerous ligaments and muscles attach to the calcaneus and help with its role in human bipedal biomechanics.
INTRODUCTION: Osteoid osteomas are benign osteoblastic bone tumors mostly seen in patients in the... more INTRODUCTION: Osteoid osteomas are benign osteoblastic bone tumors mostly seen in patients in the second or third decade of life, and they most frequently involve the femur and tibia. Hallux osteoid osteoma is an extremely rare occurrence with only 14 reported cases to date. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 46-year-old woman with a right hallux pain for the last 18 months was admitted. Her foot radiographs showed a small sclerotic focus on the distal phalanx and degenerative changes in the interphalangeal joint of the hallux. The complaints of the patient were attributed to osteoarthritis involving the interphalangeal joint and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were administered; however, the patient's condition did not improve, and hallux osteoid osteoma could not be correctly diagnosed until a CT scan was performed. DISCUSSION: We present a case of hallux osteoid osteoma in which the diagnosis was delayed greatly due to the unusuality of the lesion location, the advanced age of the patient, and the uncertainty of the clinical and radiographic appearance. CONCLUSION: Although rare, osteoid osteoma may occur in the hallux. Even if the patient age, pain pattern, and radiographic findings do not exactly meet the classical definitions for osteoid osteoma, this tumor should always be included in the differential diagnosis list in patients presenting with foot pain.
Objective: We aim to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with acute... more Objective: We aim to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, who had a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) below 15, and who had cerebral lesions detected in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: The age, gender, causes of CO intoxication, clinical signs, neurological findings, GCS, blood carboxyhemoglobin level (COHb), serum pH, lactate, creatine kinase (CK), creatinine kinase-myocardial band MB (CK-MB), troponin-I level, brain MRI (T1weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR and diffusion-weighted imaging), treatment, and mortality status of 327 patients were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The median age of patients was 31.5 years (IQR=19.5 years), 72.2% of the patients were women. Neurological findings were detected in 34 (10.4%) of the patients. The frequency of dyspnea was significantly higher in patients with neurological findings (p<0.05). The COHb and lactate levels of patients with neurological findings were found to be significantly high, the pH level was significantly lower (p<0.05). There was no significant relationship between the presence of neurological findings and CK, CK-MB, and troponin-I levels (p>0.05). Patients with neurological findings were found to have a significantly longer follow-up period, more frequently received hyperbaric oxygen therapy (p<0.05). The rate of hospitalization was 10.7%, the mortality rate was 0.9%. Hospitalization and mortality rates were significantly high in patients with neurological findings (p <0.05). Pathological findings were detected in 13 (40.6%) of 32 of patients (except for 2 patients who did not respond to the resuscitation) who had an MRI. Conclusions: It was determined that acute CO poisoning may lead to acute brain damage, 40.6% would be detected in brain MRIs taken in patients during the acute phase.
Patellar tendon-lateral femoral kondil sürtünme sendromu ile patellofemoral instabilite arasındak... more Patellar tendon-lateral femoral kondil sürtünme sendromu ile patellofemoral instabilite arasındaki ilişki
The aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic value of biplanar ultrasonography in detecting ... more The aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic value of biplanar ultrasonography in detecting degenerative changes of femoral articular cartilage using magnetic resonance imaging as the reference method. Material and Methods: Femoral articular cartilage examination was performed with ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in 40 patients with knee pain. Magnetic resonance imaging of the knees were carried out on a 1.5 T scanner with proton density weighted, fat suppressed sequence in three orthogonal planes. Ultrasonographic evaluations of the knees were performed in both longitudinal and transverse planes. Taking the findings of magnetic resonance imaging as a reference, the diagnostic effectiveness of biplanar US in detecting medial condylar, lateral condylar and intercondylar notch cartilage lesions were calculated. Results: The sensitivity of biplanar ultrasonography in detecting medial condylar, lateral condylar, and intercondylar notch cartilage lesions were 93.55%, 61.11%, and 53.85%, respectively. The specificity of the technique in detecting the lesions in these locations were 88.89%, 90.91%, and 100.00%, respectively. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is a relatively inexpensive, easily accessible and a non-invasive imaging tool. We found that biplanar ultrasonography is a reliable method in detecting medial condylar cartilage lesions in knee osteoarthritis, and we recommend using it for the purposes of screening and follow-up evaluation of medial type knee osteoarthritis where MRI is not accessible.
Meromelia refers to the partial absence of at least 1 limb and is also referred to as "terminal t... more Meromelia refers to the partial absence of at least 1 limb and is also referred to as "terminal transverse hemimelia." It can occur in either isolation or with other congenital malformations. There are very few publications in the literature that report meromelia cases accompanied by other congenital anomalies. Proximal focal femoral deficiency is another rare congenital skeletal abnormality and is characterized by the underdevelopment of the proximal part of the femur and shortening of the entire lower extremity. A case of upper limb meromelia accompanied by proximal focal femoral deficiency and fibular hemimelia in a neonate has previously been reported. However, to our knowledge, the association of upper limb meromelia with intermetatarsal coalition has never been reported to date. Here, we present an adult patient showing an unusual association of multiple rare congenital skeletal abnormalities including meromelia, proximal focal femoral deficiency, fibular hemimelia, and intermetatarsal coalition.
Radial longitudinal deficiency is a rare skeletal anomaly characterized by a defect in the develo... more Radial longitudinal deficiency is a rare skeletal anomaly characterized by a defect in the development of structures that form the radial half of the forearm. The disorder is associated with a large spectrum of preaxial abnormalities. It is shown that the thumb and preaxial carpal bones are almost always hypoplastic or absent in almost all types of radial longitudinal deficiency. Congenital dislocation of the dysplastic radial head may accompany this rare deformity. Herein, we present a 20-year-old male patient with radial longitudinal deficiency who had a markedly hypoplastic radius but had a thumb and carpal bones with normal size, shape, and joint relations. Further, the right radial longitudinal deficiency of our patient was unusually accompanied by left congenital radial head dislocation. Our case shows that, although rare, radial longitudinal deficiency can present without any carpal and thumb abnormalities. And the current case also shows that a contralateral sided congenital radial head dislocation may accompany radial longitudinal deficiency.
Hypertrophic olivary degeneration is a rare occurrence in which different pathological processes ... more Hypertrophic olivary degeneration is a rare occurrence in which different pathological processes including enlargement and vacuolation of the neurons, demyelination of the white matter, and fibrillary gliosis of the inferior olivary nucleus take place. It mostly develops secondary to a destructive lesion involving the Guillain–Mollaret pathway. The mostly reported destructive lesions causing hypertrophic olivary degeneration are stroke, trauma, tumors, neurosurgical interventions, and gamma knife treatment of brainstem cavernoma. It presents with symptomatic palatal tremor, and typically appears as an expansive nonenhancing nodular lesion that shows increased signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The identification of hypertrophic olivary degeneration on MRI is of great importance as its MRI appearance is very similar to those of more severe pathologies, including tumors, infarction, demyelinating lesions, and infections. We present a case of hypertrophic olivary degeneration in a patient with a history of ischemic stroke two years before the development of palatal tremor.
Human hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease caused by the larvae of the Echinococcus species, most c... more Human hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease caused by the larvae of the Echinococcus species, most commonly the Echinococcus granulosus. Although hydatid cyst can cause disease almost anywhere in the human body, it most commonly affects the liver and lungs. Primary musculoskeletal hydatid involvement is a very rare occurrence even in endemic regions. Musculoskeletal hydatid disease shows no pathognomonic clinical signs and symptoms. And the contribution of serology to the diagnosis is negligible due to the high rate of false-negative results. Therefore, radiological imaging studies have a critical role in the diagnosis of the disease. To the best of our knowledge, there are only a few case reports of primary hydatid involvement of the adductor magnus muscle in the current literature. Here we present a 55-year-old female patient with primary hydatid cyst in the adductor magnus muscle and discuss the case in terms of imaging.
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Papers by Meltem Özdemir