A automedicação é um problema universal, portanto, gestantes também estão sujeitas a utilizarem m... more A automedicação é um problema universal, portanto, gestantes também estão sujeitas a utilizarem medicamentos constantemente. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar a utilização de medicamentos e plantas medicinais junto às gestantes atendidas na Unidade Saúde da Mulher, no município de Alegre, ES. O estudo foi realizado por meio de entrevistas. Foram entrevistadas 115 gestantes, e a idade variou de 14 a 43 anos. Dessas, 99,1% eram alfabetizadas, e 48,69% não realizavam atividade remunerada. A maioria das gestantes tinha renda familiar baixa. Em relação ao tratamento de água e coleta de lixo, 24% relataram utilizar água de poços e 18% não contavam com a coleta de lixo semanal. A maior parte das gestantes estava no terceiro trimestre da gravidez. Das entrevistadas, 80% afirmaram utilizar pelo menos um medicamento na gestação, sendo que somente 64% das gestantes afirmaram saber a finalidade do medicamento prescrito e 21% utilizaram por automedicação. Foi constatado que 9,5% ...
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a rapid and potentially reversible decline in renal... more Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a rapid and potentially reversible decline in renal function. We hypothesized that Eugenia uniflora (pitanga) may present a protective effect in AKI due to its antioxidant properties. Extract from pitanga leaves (200 mg/kg, gavage) or vehicle was administered to Wistar rats (28 days) prior to AKI induction by 45-minute bilateral renal ischemia. Renal hemodynamic was quantified after 24 h of reperfusion to determine the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF) and renal vascular resistance (RVR). Renal production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis, SOD and catalase expression and activity were determined. Treatment with pitanga prevented AKI-induced decrease in GFR and RBF, as well as the rise in RVR. Pitanga also prevented the increased oxidative stress and apoptosis, probably due to a rise in antioxidant enzymes activity and expression. These results demonstrate a protective effect of pitanga extract on AKI development.
A Eugenia uniflora é uma planta amplamente distribuída no Brasil, utilizada popularmente para div... more A Eugenia uniflora é uma planta amplamente distribuída no Brasil, utilizada popularmente para diversas desordens. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do extrato de suas folhas sobre o perfil lipídico e parâmetros metabólicos de Ratos Espontaneamente Hipertensos (SHR). Os animais foram divididos em grupos controle e tratados com extrato nas doses de 100mg/kg e 200mg/kg. O tratamento foi diário, via gavagem, por 28 dias. A pesagem dos animais foi semanal, e ao final, os animais foram colocados em gaiolas metabólicas por 24 horas para a quantificação de urina, ingesta de água e ração. Após jejum de 12 horas, foi realizada coleta de sangue para a determinação de HDL, LDL, Colesterol total e triglicerídeos. O extrato não modificou o consumo de água e ração, eliminação de urina e peso corporal. Porém, diminuiu a concentração de LDL e triglicerídeos no grupo de 200mg/Kg e 100mg/Kg.
The growing epidemic of metabolic syndrome has been related to the increased use of fructose by t... more The growing epidemic of metabolic syndrome has been related to the increased use of fructose by the food industry. In fact, the use of fructose as an ingredient has increased in sweetened beverages, such as sodas and juices. We thus hypothesized that fructose intake by hypertensive rats would have a worse prognosis in developing metabolic disorder and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Male Wistar and SHR rats aged 6weeks were given water or fructose (10%) for 6weeks. Blood glucose was measured every two weeks, and insulin and glucose sensitivity tests were assessed at the end of the follow-up. Systolic blood pressure was measure by plethysmography. Lean mass and abdominal fat mass were collected and weighed. Liver tissue was analyzed to determine interstitial fat deposition and fibrosis. Fasting glucose increased in animals that underwent a high fructose intake, independent of blood pressure levels. Also, insulin resistance was observed in normotensive and mostly in hypertensive rats after fructose intake. Fructose intake caused a 2.5-fold increase in triglycerides levels in both groups. Fructose intake did not change lean mass. However, we found that fructose intake significantly increased abdominal fat mass deposition in normotensive but not in hypertensive rats. Nevertheless, chronic fructose intake only increased fat deposition and fibrosis in the liver in hypertensive rats. We demonstrated that, in normotensive and hypertensive rats, fructose intake increased triglycerides and abdominal fat deposition, and caused insulin resistance. However, hypertensive rats that underwent fructose intake also developed interstitial fat deposition and fibrosis in liver.
Ouabain is a digitalis compound that inhibits the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase (NKA) activity inducing incre... more Ouabain is a digitalis compound that inhibits the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase (NKA) activity inducing increment in cardiac force. However, this effect seems to be dose dependent. At low concentration, ouabain can induce an increase of NKA activity. We investigated the effects of ouabain administration (25μg/kg/day) for 15 days on cardiac contractility and NKA activity. Blood pressure and left ventricular papillary muscle contraction from placebo and ouabain-treated rats for 15 (OUA15) days were evaluated. Isometric force, post-rest potentiation, positive inotropic intervention produced by isoproterenol, and tetanic tension were measured. The activity and protein expression levels of α1 and α2 isoforms of NKA, sodium calcium exchanger (NCX), sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA2a) and phospholamban (PLB) were also measured. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased after treatment with ouabain. However, isometric tension was reduced in the ouabain treated group. Post-rest potentiation, time parameters, inotropic interventions by isoproterenol and tetanic tension did not change. In the ouabain treated group, NKA activity was increased (Oua 406.16±70.6 vs. CT 282.80±80.5) while protein expression of the α1 isoform of NKA was reduced (Oua 0.97±0.06 vs. CT 0.76±0.05). No changes were observed in protein expression of α2 isoform of NKA, NCX, SERCA2a and PLB. Therefore, although 15-day ouabain treatment increases blood pressure (Oua: 116.4±3 vs. CT: 99.9±3), treatment also reduces isometric tension development (Oua: 0.34±0.14 vs. CT: 0.56±0.22). We suggest that the effects induced by ouabain in the isolated cardiac muscle could be related at least in part, to changes in NKA activity.
OxyElite Pro (OEP) is a dietary supplement to increase metabolism which contains as key stimulant... more OxyElite Pro (OEP) is a dietary supplement to increase metabolism which contains as key stimulant the ingredient 1,3-dimethylamylamine (DMAA). Serious adverse effects have been reported after OEP consumption however, these effects are related to poisoning or overdose. To our knowledge, no one studied the effects of OEP at controlled doses. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate acute and chronic OEP affects, at controlled doses in Wistar rats, on physical performance, metabolic parameters, liver injury markers and oxidative stress markers and mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. Rats were divided in control, 4.3 mg OEP/kg, 12.9 mg OEP/kg and 25.8 mg OEP/kg. All groups were submitted to supplementation with OEP for 4 weeks and the experimental protocols were performed 30 min after the first OEP administration (acute response) and 30 min after the last OEP administration at the end of the forth week (chronic response). Running distance and running time increased after acu...
O termo animal de laboratório é designado para os animais que são usados em laboratórios de exper... more O termo animal de laboratório é designado para os animais que são usados em laboratórios de experimentação. Eles nascem, crescem e são criados em condições semelhantes. A maioria dos animais utilizados para experimentação são os roedores, isso porque esses animais se reproduzem rapidamente, se adaptam facilmente ao ambiente e não necessitam de nenhum suporte nutricional mais elaborado¹. Os coelhos, ratos, camundongos e cobaia são os roedores mais utilizados 2. CONTENÇÃO FÍSICA
A automedicação é um problema universal, portanto, gestantes também estão sujeitas a utilizarem m... more A automedicação é um problema universal, portanto, gestantes também estão sujeitas a utilizarem medicamentos constantemente. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar a utilização de medicamentos e plantas medicinais junto às gestantes atendidas na Unidade Saúde da Mulher, no município de Alegre, ES. O estudo foi realizado por meio de entrevistas. Foram entrevistadas 115 gestantes, e a idade variou de 14 a 43 anos. Dessas, 99,1% eram alfabetizadas, e 48,69% não realizavam atividade remunerada. A maioria das gestantes tinha renda familiar baixa. Em relação ao tratamento de água e coleta de lixo, 24% relataram utilizar água de poços e 18% não contavam com a coleta de lixo semanal. A maior parte das gestantes estava no terceiro trimestre da gravidez. Das entrevistadas, 80% afirmaram utilizar pelo menos um medicamento na gestação, sendo que somente 64% das gestantes afirmaram saber a finalidade do medicamento prescrito e 21% utilizaram por automedicação. Foi constatado que 9,5% ...
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a rapid and potentially reversible decline in renal... more Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a rapid and potentially reversible decline in renal function. We hypothesized that Eugenia uniflora (pitanga) may present a protective effect in AKI due to its antioxidant properties. Extract from pitanga leaves (200 mg/kg, gavage) or vehicle was administered to Wistar rats (28 days) prior to AKI induction by 45-minute bilateral renal ischemia. Renal hemodynamic was quantified after 24 h of reperfusion to determine the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF) and renal vascular resistance (RVR). Renal production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis, SOD and catalase expression and activity were determined. Treatment with pitanga prevented AKI-induced decrease in GFR and RBF, as well as the rise in RVR. Pitanga also prevented the increased oxidative stress and apoptosis, probably due to a rise in antioxidant enzymes activity and expression. These results demonstrate a protective effect of pitanga extract on AKI development.
A Eugenia uniflora é uma planta amplamente distribuída no Brasil, utilizada popularmente para div... more A Eugenia uniflora é uma planta amplamente distribuída no Brasil, utilizada popularmente para diversas desordens. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do extrato de suas folhas sobre o perfil lipídico e parâmetros metabólicos de Ratos Espontaneamente Hipertensos (SHR). Os animais foram divididos em grupos controle e tratados com extrato nas doses de 100mg/kg e 200mg/kg. O tratamento foi diário, via gavagem, por 28 dias. A pesagem dos animais foi semanal, e ao final, os animais foram colocados em gaiolas metabólicas por 24 horas para a quantificação de urina, ingesta de água e ração. Após jejum de 12 horas, foi realizada coleta de sangue para a determinação de HDL, LDL, Colesterol total e triglicerídeos. O extrato não modificou o consumo de água e ração, eliminação de urina e peso corporal. Porém, diminuiu a concentração de LDL e triglicerídeos no grupo de 200mg/Kg e 100mg/Kg.
The growing epidemic of metabolic syndrome has been related to the increased use of fructose by t... more The growing epidemic of metabolic syndrome has been related to the increased use of fructose by the food industry. In fact, the use of fructose as an ingredient has increased in sweetened beverages, such as sodas and juices. We thus hypothesized that fructose intake by hypertensive rats would have a worse prognosis in developing metabolic disorder and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Male Wistar and SHR rats aged 6weeks were given water or fructose (10%) for 6weeks. Blood glucose was measured every two weeks, and insulin and glucose sensitivity tests were assessed at the end of the follow-up. Systolic blood pressure was measure by plethysmography. Lean mass and abdominal fat mass were collected and weighed. Liver tissue was analyzed to determine interstitial fat deposition and fibrosis. Fasting glucose increased in animals that underwent a high fructose intake, independent of blood pressure levels. Also, insulin resistance was observed in normotensive and mostly in hypertensive rats after fructose intake. Fructose intake caused a 2.5-fold increase in triglycerides levels in both groups. Fructose intake did not change lean mass. However, we found that fructose intake significantly increased abdominal fat mass deposition in normotensive but not in hypertensive rats. Nevertheless, chronic fructose intake only increased fat deposition and fibrosis in the liver in hypertensive rats. We demonstrated that, in normotensive and hypertensive rats, fructose intake increased triglycerides and abdominal fat deposition, and caused insulin resistance. However, hypertensive rats that underwent fructose intake also developed interstitial fat deposition and fibrosis in liver.
Ouabain is a digitalis compound that inhibits the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase (NKA) activity inducing incre... more Ouabain is a digitalis compound that inhibits the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase (NKA) activity inducing increment in cardiac force. However, this effect seems to be dose dependent. At low concentration, ouabain can induce an increase of NKA activity. We investigated the effects of ouabain administration (25μg/kg/day) for 15 days on cardiac contractility and NKA activity. Blood pressure and left ventricular papillary muscle contraction from placebo and ouabain-treated rats for 15 (OUA15) days were evaluated. Isometric force, post-rest potentiation, positive inotropic intervention produced by isoproterenol, and tetanic tension were measured. The activity and protein expression levels of α1 and α2 isoforms of NKA, sodium calcium exchanger (NCX), sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA2a) and phospholamban (PLB) were also measured. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased after treatment with ouabain. However, isometric tension was reduced in the ouabain treated group. Post-rest potentiation, time parameters, inotropic interventions by isoproterenol and tetanic tension did not change. In the ouabain treated group, NKA activity was increased (Oua 406.16±70.6 vs. CT 282.80±80.5) while protein expression of the α1 isoform of NKA was reduced (Oua 0.97±0.06 vs. CT 0.76±0.05). No changes were observed in protein expression of α2 isoform of NKA, NCX, SERCA2a and PLB. Therefore, although 15-day ouabain treatment increases blood pressure (Oua: 116.4±3 vs. CT: 99.9±3), treatment also reduces isometric tension development (Oua: 0.34±0.14 vs. CT: 0.56±0.22). We suggest that the effects induced by ouabain in the isolated cardiac muscle could be related at least in part, to changes in NKA activity.
OxyElite Pro (OEP) is a dietary supplement to increase metabolism which contains as key stimulant... more OxyElite Pro (OEP) is a dietary supplement to increase metabolism which contains as key stimulant the ingredient 1,3-dimethylamylamine (DMAA). Serious adverse effects have been reported after OEP consumption however, these effects are related to poisoning or overdose. To our knowledge, no one studied the effects of OEP at controlled doses. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate acute and chronic OEP affects, at controlled doses in Wistar rats, on physical performance, metabolic parameters, liver injury markers and oxidative stress markers and mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. Rats were divided in control, 4.3 mg OEP/kg, 12.9 mg OEP/kg and 25.8 mg OEP/kg. All groups were submitted to supplementation with OEP for 4 weeks and the experimental protocols were performed 30 min after the first OEP administration (acute response) and 30 min after the last OEP administration at the end of the forth week (chronic response). Running distance and running time increased after acu...
O termo animal de laboratório é designado para os animais que são usados em laboratórios de exper... more O termo animal de laboratório é designado para os animais que são usados em laboratórios de experimentação. Eles nascem, crescem e são criados em condições semelhantes. A maioria dos animais utilizados para experimentação são os roedores, isso porque esses animais se reproduzem rapidamente, se adaptam facilmente ao ambiente e não necessitam de nenhum suporte nutricional mais elaborado¹. Os coelhos, ratos, camundongos e cobaia são os roedores mais utilizados 2. CONTENÇÃO FÍSICA
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