Papers by Brandy Matthews
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2014
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2012
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2012
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2012
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2012
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2011
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2013
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2013
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2013
Purpose-Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin is used to decrease recurrence rates of nonmuscle i... more Purpose-Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin is used to decrease recurrence rates of nonmuscle invasive urothelial carcinoma. Irritative urinary symptoms are a common side effect of treatment and frequently limit treatment tolerance. While anticholinergic medications may be used for symptom prophylaxis, to our knowledge they have not been evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. Materials and Methods-A total of 50 bacillus Calmette-Guérin naïve patients were randomized to 10 mg extended release oxybutynin daily or placebo starting the day before 6 weekly bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatments. A questionnaire assessing urinary symptoms (frequency, burning on urination, urgency, bladder pain, hematuria), systemic symptoms (flu-like symptoms, fever, arthralgia) and medication side effects (constipation, blurred vision, dry mouth) was recorded daily throughout the therapeutic course. A linear mixed repeated measures model tested the differences between each point and baseline score. Results-The treatment group had a greater increase in urinary frequency and burning on urination compared to placebo (p = 0.004 and p = 0.04, respectively). There were no significant differences between groups for other urinary symptoms, which increased in severity after bacillus Calmette-Guérin but concomitantly returned to baseline in both groups. The treatment group experienced increases in fever, flu-like symptoms, dry mouth and constipation compared to placebo (p <0.0001, p = 0.0008, p = 0.045 and p = 0.001, respectively). There were otherwise no significant differences in nonurinary symptoms or medication adverse reactions. Conclusions-Oxybutynin increased urinary frequency and burning on urination compared to placebo in patients receiving intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment. Our results do not
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2013
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2011
Objective: To examine vascular risk factors, as measured by the Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (F... more Objective: To examine vascular risk factors, as measured by the Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (FSRP), to predict incident cognitive impairment in a large, national sample of black and white adults age 45 years and older. Methods: Participants included subjects without stroke at baseline from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study with at least 2 cognitive function assessments during the follow-up (n ϭ 23,752). Incident cognitive impairment was defined as decline from a baseline score of 5 or 6 (of possible 6 points) to the most recent follow-up score of 4 or less on the Six-item Screener (SIS). Subjects with suspected stroke during follow-up were censored. Results: During a mean follow-up of 4.1 years, 1,907 participants met criteria for incident cognitive impairment. Baseline FSRP score was associated with incident cognitive impairment. An adjusted model revealed that male sex (odds ratio [OR] ϭ 1.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43-1.77), black race (OR ϭ 2.09, 95% CI 1.88-2.35), less education (less than high school graduate vs college graduate, OR ϭ 2.21, 95% CI 1.88-2.60), older age (10-year increments, OR ϭ 2.11, per 10-year increase in age, 95% CI 2.05-2.18), and presence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH, OR ϭ 1.29, 95% CI 1.06-1.58) were related to development of cognitive impairment. When LVH was excluded from the model, elevated systolic blood pressure was related to incident cognitive impairment. Conclusions: Total FSRP score, elevated blood pressure, and LVH predict development of clinically significant cognitive dysfunction. Prevention and treatment of high blood pressure may be effective in preserving cognitive health. Neurology ® 2011;77:1729-1736 GLOSSARY CES-D ϭ Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression; CI ϭ confidence interval; FSRP ϭ Framingham Stroke Risk Profile; LVH ϭ left ventricular hypertrophy; MI ϭ myocardial infarction; OR ϭ odds ratio; REGARDS ϭ Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke; SIS ϭ Six-item Screener.
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2012
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2009
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2012
Objective-Lacunar strokes are a leading cause of cognitive impairment and vascular dementia. Howe... more Objective-Lacunar strokes are a leading cause of cognitive impairment and vascular dementia. However, adequate characterization of cognitive impairment is lacking. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and characterize the neuropsychological impairment in lacunar stroke patients. Methods-All English-speaking participants in the SPS3 trial (NCT: 00059306) underwent neuropsychological testing at baseline. Raw scores were converted to z-scores using published norms. Those with impairment (z≤-1.5) in memory and/or non-memory domains were classified as having Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Results-Among the 1636 participants, average z scores on all tests were below zero with the largest deficits seen on tests of episodic memory (range of means-0.65 to-0.92), verbal fluency (mean-0.89), and motor dexterity (mean-2.5). Forty-seven percent were classified as having MCI: 36% amnestic, 37% amnestic multidomain, 28% non-amnestic. Of those with Rankin score 0-1 and Barthel score=100, 41% had MCI. Younger age [odds ratio (OR) per 10-yr increase=0.87], male sex (OR 1.3), less education (OR 0.13-0.66 compared to 0-4 yrs education), post-stroke disability (OR 1.4), and impaired activities of daily living (OR 1.8) were independently associated with MCI. Conclusions-In this large, well characterized cohort of lacunar stroke patients, MCI was present in nearly half, including many with minimal or no physical disabilities. Cognitive dysfunction in lacunar stroke patients may commonly be overlooked in clinical practice but may be as important as motor and sensory sequelae.
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2013
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2013
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2013
suspicious for lung cancer. 2 With the fi ndings of the NLST indicating a reduction in lung-cance... more suspicious for lung cancer. 2 With the fi ndings of the NLST indicating a reduction in lung-cancer-specifi c mortality with CT scanning in at-risk people, the number of patients diagnosed with a PN could increase substantially if screening for lung cancer is broadly T he pulmonary nodule (PN) is becoming an increasingly common radiographic fi nding among patients in the United States. Nearly 45 million CT scan examinations are performed each year, and 11% to 30% (4.5-14 million) of those include an examination of the chest. 1 In the recently released National Cancer Institute-sponsored National Lung Screening Trial (NLST),. 25% of the group who underwent lowdose CT scans of the chest had examinations that were Background: The detection of pulmonary nodules (PNs) is likely to increase, especially with the release of the National Lung Screen Trials. When tissue diagnosis is desired, transthoracic needle aspiration (TTNA) is recommended. Several guided-bronchoscopy technologies have been developed to improve the yield of transbronchial biopsy for PN diagnosis: electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB), virtual bronchoscopy (VB), radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS), ultrathin bronchoscope, and guide sheath. We undertook this meta-analysis to determine the overall diagnostic yield of guided bronchoscopy using one or a combination of the modalities described here. Methods: We performed a MEDLINE search using "bronchoscopy" and "solitary pulmonary nodule." Studies evaluating the diagnostic yield of ENB, VB, R-EBUS, ultrathin bronchoscope, and/or guide sheath for peripheral nodules were included. The overall diagnostic yield and yield based on size were extracted. Adverse events, if reported, were recorded. Meta-analysis techniques incorporating inverse variance weighting and a random-effects meta-analysis approach were used. Results: A total of 3,052 lesions from 39 studies were included. The pooled diagnostic yield was 70%, which is higher than the yield for traditional transbronchial biopsy. The yield increased as the lesion size increased. The pneumothorax rate was 1.5%, which is signifi cantly smaller than that reported for TTNA. Conclusion: This meta-analysis shows that the diagnostic yield of guided bronchoscopic techniques is better than that of traditional transbronchial biopsy. Although the yield remains lower than that of TTNA, the procedural risk is lower. Guided bronchoscopy may be an alternative or be complementary to TTNA for tissue sampling of PN, but further study is needed to determine its role in the evaluation of peripheral pulmonary lesions.
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2013
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2010
F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2011
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Papers by Brandy Matthews