RESUMEN El papel de la educación en la formación de los individuos y en el desarrollo de la socie... more RESUMEN El papel de la educación en la formación de los individuos y en el desarrollo de la sociedad es incuestionable. A través de ella se transmite, de generación en generación, conocimientos, cultura, prejuicios, valores, entre otros. Sin embargo, actualmente ella enfrenta diversas situaciones conflictivas que afectan su adecuado desarrollo. La globalización, por ejemplo, ha implicado reformas en la educación a nivel mundial. Las necesidades actuales requieren que la educación responda al mismo ritmo de las transformaciones sociales y culturales. Los ciudadanos del futuro deben ser formados para "enfrentarse" a una totalidad compleja y esta debe orientarse a la formación de valores, de un individuo capaz de enfrentarse a las distintas dificultades y resolver problemas, de un ser más humano y con conciencia ambiental. Los retos que enfrenta la educación son muchos. Plantear soluciones y llevarlas a cabo debe ser un esfuerzo social, conjunto y coordinado. Si la educación mejora la sociedad se desarrolla y el ser humano progresa en sus condiciones, en caso contrario se corre el peligro de seguir anclados en el subdesarrollo, la desigualdad y la incongruencia con las exigencias de la sociedad actual. ¿Cuál es el estado actual de la educación? ¿Cuál es la problemática que la afecta? ¿Qué retos se le plantean? Este ensayo tiene como propósito destacar algunos aspectos sobre el estado actual de la educación a nivel mundial y latinoamericano, señalar ciertos problemas que la afectan y los retos que deben enfrentar en una "educación para el futuro".
Taking as a basis the concepts of instrumental orchestration (Trouche, 2005a) and documentational... more Taking as a basis the concepts of instrumental orchestration (Trouche, 2005a) and documentational genesis (Gueudet & Trouche, 2009), in this paper I try to articulate the concept of documentational orchestration. I argue that especially in mathematics teacher education is worthwhile to develop this concept because it addresses the problem of designing activities for teachers, offering a particular way of observing some of the effects or consequences of a particular design, an also a way of guiding the refinement and improvement of such design. This guide is based on the location and observation of the instrumentalization and instrumentation processes that may take place during the application of a particular design. The utilization of the concept is illustrated through the application of an orchestration in an Internet-based teacher education program.
Resumen: El tipo de conocimientos y experiencias que debe desarrollar un docente de Matemática co... more Resumen: El tipo de conocimientos y experiencias que debe desarrollar un docente de Matemática como parte de su formación inicial ha sido un tema de gran controversia y discusión. Este artículo tiene como objetivo hacer una revisión bibliográfica de los aspectos teóricos más significativos que se han aportado en esta área, así como de las tendencias nacionales, según algunos autores. Los aportes aquí presentados sintetizan los hallazgos más significativos que han concurrido en las últimas cuatro décadas. Se espera que estos generen reflexiones en la comunidad educativa costarricense, sobre la formación de educadores, y contribuyan en la orientación de los currículos de las universidades formadoras de docentes matemáticos.
Cruz Roja surge a raíz de un conflicto bélico con la finalidad de socorrer a las víctimas del mis... more Cruz Roja surge a raíz de un conflicto bélico con la finalidad de socorrer a las víctimas del mismo y localizar, mediante voluntarios, a los familiares de éstas. Con el paso de los años, la respuesta de Cruz Roja se institucionaliza y se amplia a las diferentes necesidades que emergen de la sociedad. Para uno de los colectivos más vulnerables, como son los refugiados, se crea un Programa específico para dar cobertura a sus necesidades más básicas durante el proceso de protección internacional, acompañándolos en las diferentes dificultades que se les plantea para alcanzar su integración en la ciudad.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Jan 28, 2014
Tens of millions of individuals around the world use decentralized content distribution systems, ... more Tens of millions of individuals around the world use decentralized content distribution systems, a fact of growing social, economic, and technological importance. These sharing systems are poorly understood because, unlike in other technosocial systems, it is difficult to gather large-scale data about user behavior. Here, we investigate user activity patterns and the socioeconomic factors that could explain the behavior. Our analysis reveals that (i) the ecosystem is heterogeneous at several levels: content types are heterogeneous, users specialize in a few content types, and countries are heterogeneous in user profiles; and (ii) there is a strong correlation between socioeconomic indicators of a country and users behavior. Our findings open a research area on the dynamics of decentralized sharing ecosystems and the socioeconomic factors affecting them, and may have implications for the design of algorithms and for policymaking.
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing - SAC '11, 2011
Abstract Modularizing concerns is a common strategy to lower application complexity: it results i... more Abstract Modularizing concerns is a common strategy to lower application complexity: it results in modules that are easy to maintain, to adapt, and to replace. In some cases, these modules can also be expressed with very expressive concern-specific languages that ...
The notion of time is interpreted and quantified as a means to ensure consistent and accurate eva... more The notion of time is interpreted and quantified as a means to ensure consistent and accurate evaluations by time-relevant functions. As an integral part of a study encompassing all functions of automata, we formulate the process as it applies to event ordering. In developing this process, logical clocks are first examined to aid in defining the inter-relation between explicitly and
This paper describes the influence that students' beliefs have in regard to mathematics educa... more This paper describes the influence that students' beliefs have in regard to mathematics education. First, a theoretical review about the topic is done and then the results of researches in others contexts are analyzed. The results indicate that the students perceive Mathematics as a useful discipline
Child labor's effect on academic achievement is estimated, using unique data on 3 rd and 4 th gra... more Child labor's effect on academic achievement is estimated, using unique data on 3 rd and 4 th graders in 11 Latin American countries. Crosscountry variation in truancy regulations provides an exogenous shift in the ages of children normally in these grades, providing exogenous variation in opportunity cost of child time. Least-squares estimates of the impact of child labor on test scores are biased downward, but corrected estimates are still negative and statistically significant. Child labor lowers math scores by 7.5 percent and language scores by 7 percent, consistent with estimates of the adverse impact of child labor on returns to schooling.
Extreme hydrologic events have great importance in Southeastern Spain regarding the personal and ... more Extreme hydrologic events have great importance in Southeastern Spain regarding the personal and economic damage they imply. The commonly-used design parameter for hydraulic structures is the maximum annual instantaneous stream flow recorded in conventional gauging stations. However, the majority of available data in Southeastern Spain is mean daily stream flows. This paper explores possible linear relationships between annual instantaneous peak
Evaluating and characterizing Internet Service Providers (ISPs) is critical to subscribers shoppi... more Evaluating and characterizing Internet Service Providers (ISPs) is critical to subscribers shopping for alternative ISPs, companies providing reliable Internet services, and governments surveying the coverage of broadband services to its citizens. Ideally, ISP characterization should be done at scale, continuously, and from end users. While there has been significant progress toward this end, current approaches exhibit apparently unavoidable tradeoffs between coverage, continuous monitoring and capturing ...
RESUMEN El papel de la educación en la formación de los individuos y en el desarrollo de la socie... more RESUMEN El papel de la educación en la formación de los individuos y en el desarrollo de la sociedad es incuestionable. A través de ella se transmite, de generación en generación, conocimientos, cultura, prejuicios, valores, entre otros. Sin embargo, actualmente ella enfrenta diversas situaciones conflictivas que afectan su adecuado desarrollo. La globalización, por ejemplo, ha implicado reformas en la educación a nivel mundial. Las necesidades actuales requieren que la educación responda al mismo ritmo de las transformaciones sociales y culturales. Los ciudadanos del futuro deben ser formados para "enfrentarse" a una totalidad compleja y esta debe orientarse a la formación de valores, de un individuo capaz de enfrentarse a las distintas dificultades y resolver problemas, de un ser más humano y con conciencia ambiental. Los retos que enfrenta la educación son muchos. Plantear soluciones y llevarlas a cabo debe ser un esfuerzo social, conjunto y coordinado. Si la educación mejora la sociedad se desarrolla y el ser humano progresa en sus condiciones, en caso contrario se corre el peligro de seguir anclados en el subdesarrollo, la desigualdad y la incongruencia con las exigencias de la sociedad actual. ¿Cuál es el estado actual de la educación? ¿Cuál es la problemática que la afecta? ¿Qué retos se le plantean? Este ensayo tiene como propósito destacar algunos aspectos sobre el estado actual de la educación a nivel mundial y latinoamericano, señalar ciertos problemas que la afectan y los retos que deben enfrentar en una "educación para el futuro".
Taking as a basis the concepts of instrumental orchestration (Trouche, 2005a) and documentational... more Taking as a basis the concepts of instrumental orchestration (Trouche, 2005a) and documentational genesis (Gueudet & Trouche, 2009), in this paper I try to articulate the concept of documentational orchestration. I argue that especially in mathematics teacher education is worthwhile to develop this concept because it addresses the problem of designing activities for teachers, offering a particular way of observing some of the effects or consequences of a particular design, an also a way of guiding the refinement and improvement of such design. This guide is based on the location and observation of the instrumentalization and instrumentation processes that may take place during the application of a particular design. The utilization of the concept is illustrated through the application of an orchestration in an Internet-based teacher education program.
Resumen: El tipo de conocimientos y experiencias que debe desarrollar un docente de Matemática co... more Resumen: El tipo de conocimientos y experiencias que debe desarrollar un docente de Matemática como parte de su formación inicial ha sido un tema de gran controversia y discusión. Este artículo tiene como objetivo hacer una revisión bibliográfica de los aspectos teóricos más significativos que se han aportado en esta área, así como de las tendencias nacionales, según algunos autores. Los aportes aquí presentados sintetizan los hallazgos más significativos que han concurrido en las últimas cuatro décadas. Se espera que estos generen reflexiones en la comunidad educativa costarricense, sobre la formación de educadores, y contribuyan en la orientación de los currículos de las universidades formadoras de docentes matemáticos.
Cruz Roja surge a raíz de un conflicto bélico con la finalidad de socorrer a las víctimas del mis... more Cruz Roja surge a raíz de un conflicto bélico con la finalidad de socorrer a las víctimas del mismo y localizar, mediante voluntarios, a los familiares de éstas. Con el paso de los años, la respuesta de Cruz Roja se institucionaliza y se amplia a las diferentes necesidades que emergen de la sociedad. Para uno de los colectivos más vulnerables, como son los refugiados, se crea un Programa específico para dar cobertura a sus necesidades más básicas durante el proceso de protección internacional, acompañándolos en las diferentes dificultades que se les plantea para alcanzar su integración en la ciudad.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Jan 28, 2014
Tens of millions of individuals around the world use decentralized content distribution systems, ... more Tens of millions of individuals around the world use decentralized content distribution systems, a fact of growing social, economic, and technological importance. These sharing systems are poorly understood because, unlike in other technosocial systems, it is difficult to gather large-scale data about user behavior. Here, we investigate user activity patterns and the socioeconomic factors that could explain the behavior. Our analysis reveals that (i) the ecosystem is heterogeneous at several levels: content types are heterogeneous, users specialize in a few content types, and countries are heterogeneous in user profiles; and (ii) there is a strong correlation between socioeconomic indicators of a country and users behavior. Our findings open a research area on the dynamics of decentralized sharing ecosystems and the socioeconomic factors affecting them, and may have implications for the design of algorithms and for policymaking.
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing - SAC '11, 2011
Abstract Modularizing concerns is a common strategy to lower application complexity: it results i... more Abstract Modularizing concerns is a common strategy to lower application complexity: it results in modules that are easy to maintain, to adapt, and to replace. In some cases, these modules can also be expressed with very expressive concern-specific languages that ...
The notion of time is interpreted and quantified as a means to ensure consistent and accurate eva... more The notion of time is interpreted and quantified as a means to ensure consistent and accurate evaluations by time-relevant functions. As an integral part of a study encompassing all functions of automata, we formulate the process as it applies to event ordering. In developing this process, logical clocks are first examined to aid in defining the inter-relation between explicitly and
This paper describes the influence that students' beliefs have in regard to mathematics educa... more This paper describes the influence that students' beliefs have in regard to mathematics education. First, a theoretical review about the topic is done and then the results of researches in others contexts are analyzed. The results indicate that the students perceive Mathematics as a useful discipline
Child labor's effect on academic achievement is estimated, using unique data on 3 rd and 4 th gra... more Child labor's effect on academic achievement is estimated, using unique data on 3 rd and 4 th graders in 11 Latin American countries. Crosscountry variation in truancy regulations provides an exogenous shift in the ages of children normally in these grades, providing exogenous variation in opportunity cost of child time. Least-squares estimates of the impact of child labor on test scores are biased downward, but corrected estimates are still negative and statistically significant. Child labor lowers math scores by 7.5 percent and language scores by 7 percent, consistent with estimates of the adverse impact of child labor on returns to schooling.
Extreme hydrologic events have great importance in Southeastern Spain regarding the personal and ... more Extreme hydrologic events have great importance in Southeastern Spain regarding the personal and economic damage they imply. The commonly-used design parameter for hydraulic structures is the maximum annual instantaneous stream flow recorded in conventional gauging stations. However, the majority of available data in Southeastern Spain is mean daily stream flows. This paper explores possible linear relationships between annual instantaneous peak
Evaluating and characterizing Internet Service Providers (ISPs) is critical to subscribers shoppi... more Evaluating and characterizing Internet Service Providers (ISPs) is critical to subscribers shopping for alternative ISPs, companies providing reliable Internet services, and governments surveying the coverage of broadband services to its citizens. Ideally, ISP characterization should be done at scale, continuously, and from end users. While there has been significant progress toward this end, current approaches exhibit apparently unavoidable tradeoffs between coverage, continuous monitoring and capturing ...
Uploads
Papers by Mario Sanchez