Introduction: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is a very commonly injured ligament of knee. S... more Introduction: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is a very commonly injured ligament of knee. Several physical examination tests are performed for evaluating ACL stability. The Lachman, pivot-shift, and anterior drawer tests are commonly performed for evaluating the knee laxity. Aim: To compare Lever sign test with anterior drawer test and Lachman test in case of ACL tear, and to assess preanaesthesia and postanaesthesia variability in tests results. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Government Medical College, Kathua, Jammu, India, from October 2018 till September 2019. Total 50 patients were included (age group 18-60 years) with symptomatic ACL tear requiring diagnostic arthroscopy or repair. Three tests Lever sign test, anterior drawer test and Lachman test were performed preanaesthesia and postanaesthesia and findings were recorded. Sensitivity and specificity was calculated preanaesthesia and postanaesthesia. Statistical analysis was done u...
Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a debilitating old age disease causing pain and ... more Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a debilitating old age disease causing pain and restriction in movement. Proximal Fibular Osteotomy (PFO) can be a novel surgical technique which may provide an increase in the joint space and balance the load bearing of the knee joint. The present study was conducted to determine the outcomes of this surgical technique in patients with OA of the knee. The findings may motivate many practicing orthopaedicians to undertake this surgical technique and thereby impart better quality of life to such patients. Aim: To assess the outcome in terms of medial joint space, lateral joint space, tibiofemoral angle and range of movement of medial compartment decompression by fibular osteotomy in medial compartment knee OA. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Postgraduate Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Jammu, India, from November 2018 to October 2019, on 30 adult patients (both sex) aged 40-6...
How many nanoparticles can we load in a fiber? How much will leak? Underlying is the relatively n... more How many nanoparticles can we load in a fiber? How much will leak? Underlying is the relatively new question of the “space available” in fibers for nanoparticle loading. Here, using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as a carrier fluid, we explored the impregnation in four Indian silks (Mulberry, Eri, Muga, and Tasar) with five standard sizes of gold nanoparticles (5, 20, 50, 100 and 150 nm in diameter). All silks could be permanently impregnated with nanoparticles up to 150 nm in size under scCO2 impregnation. Accompanying structural changes indicated that the amorphous silk domains reorganized to accommodate the gold NPs. The mechanism was studied in detail in degummed Mulberry silk fibers (i.e., without the sericin coating) with the 5 nm nanoparticle. The combined effects of concentration, time of impregnation, scCO2 pressure, and temperature showed that only a narrow set of conditions allowed for permanent impregnation without deterioration of the properties of the silk fibers.
We investigate robust data aggregation in a multi-agent online learning setting. In reality, mult... more We investigate robust data aggregation in a multi-agent online learning setting. In reality, multiple online learning agents are often deployed to perform similar tasks and receive similar feedback. We study how agents can improve their collective performance by sharing information among each other. In this paper, we formulate the -multi-player multi-armed bandit problem, in which a set of M players that have similar reward distributions for each arm play concurrently. We develop an upper confidence bound-based algorithm that adaptively aggregates rewards collected by different players. To our best knowledge, we are the first to develop such a scheme in a multi-player bandit learning setting. We show that under the assumption that pairwise distances between the means of the player-dependent distributions for each arm are small, we improve the (collective) regret bound by nearly a factor of M , in comparison with a baseline algorithm in which the players learn individually using the ...
A traditional relational database can evaluate complex queries but requires users to precisely ex... more A traditional relational database can evaluate complex queries but requires users to precisely express their information need. But users often do not know what information is available in a database, and hence cannot correctly express their information need. Traditional databases do not provide convenient means for users to gain familiarity with the data. In this paper, we study the problem of exploratory search, which a user may wish to perform to get an understanding of the data set. We note that users often have some decisions already made, so what they need is not an overall database summary, but rather a summary “in context” of the relevant portion of the database. Towards this end, we devise a novel data summarization technique called the Conditional Attribute Dependency (CAD) View, which shows the conditional dependencies between attribute values conditioned on applied selections. The CAD View can help users to gain familiarity with structured datasets in an attribute-wise ma...
On Earth, Buildings or Infrastructure uses 40%-50% of its energy, whereas on other side green bui... more On Earth, Buildings or Infrastructure uses 40%-50% of its energy, whereas on other side green buildings or sustainable buildings uses a minimum amount of energy with the use of energy-efficient construction materials. Green building creates a positive impact on human health and also to the climate along with reducing negative impact. Green building established areas are much healthier than regular developed areas. These green buildings' characteristics are discussed in terms of their completeness and specificity and are compared to their guidance on building construction, design, and operation for good indoor air quality. Here, a case study of indoor air quality performance in a green building is presented. This study includes a description of the indoor air quality features of the building and the results of a short -term indoor air quality evaluation of the building involving ventilation and contaminant concentration measurements.
Frontiers in Intelligent Computing: Theory and Applications, 2019
In the modern era, the vehicles are made for the comfort of the humans and the automation of the ... more In the modern era, the vehicles are made for the comfort of the humans and the automation of the vehicle focusses on the safety and comfort of the humans by giving them relaxing time. In the field of automobile industries, technological progress are taking place to a greater extent and to make a vehicle automated various aspects have to be taken into consideration. In this paper, we have focussed on the application in which the vehicle system knows the shortest route between the two destinations and follow this route based on its intuition from the surrounding to take further direction or not. The idea described in this paper has somewhat been taken from Google Car, i.e. Dynamic routing. This can be done using the neural network in which a method of intuition is applied and an artificial brain is to be integrated into the system that decides the shortest path through which one can reach its destination and follow that path based on its data that it collected from the surroundings. Since taking any intelligent decisions in the traffic is also an issue for the automated vehicle system. This aspect has been taken into consideration in this paper.
This global outbreak reaches to more than 200 countries and India is also one of them. The cases ... more This global outbreak reaches to more than 200 countries and India is also one of them. The cases of the virus in India has been rising day by day and upraised the concerns regarding its economic consequences (refer to Figure ). India is one of the fastest growing
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2018
Our aim was to estimate the seroprevalence of spotted fever group (SFG) and typhus group (TG) ric... more Our aim was to estimate the seroprevalence of spotted fever group (SFG) and typhus group (TG) rickettsiae among individuals with acute febrile illness (AFI) in the scrub typhus endemic Gorakhpur district, India; one of the worst affected by annual seasonal acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) outbreaks. Antibodies against SFG and TG rickettsiae and the associated risk factors were determined in 294 individuals presenting with AFI, encountered during a community based survey conducted during AES outbreak period October-November 2016. IgM and IgG seropositivity for SFG was 13.6% and 36.7%, while for TG was 7.1% and 15.3% respectively. SFG IgM positivity was significantly higher among females, while IgG positivity in individuals above 45 years. IgM and IgG seropositivity for TG rickettsiae was significantly higher in individuals involved with outdoor activities and housewives, but did not differ across age groups, gender and education status. Our results present serological evidence of SFG and TG rickettsiosis, in addition to scrub typhus among individuals with AFI in Gorakhpur region and indicate the need to explore their role as potential causes of AES in the region.
Social media is currently one of the most important means of news communication. Since people are... more Social media is currently one of the most important means of news communication. Since people are consuming a large fraction of their daily news through social media, all the traditional news channels are using social media to catch the attention of users. Each news channel has its own strategy to attract more users. In this paper, we analyze how the news channels use sentiment to garner users' attention in social media. We compare the sentiment of news posts generated by television, radio and print media, to show the di erences in the news covered by these channels. We also analyze users' reactions and sentiment of users' opinions on news posts with di erent sentiments. We do our analysis on the dataset extracted from the Facebook Pages of ve popular news channels. Our dataset contains 0.15 million news posts and 1.13 billion users reactions. Our result shows that sentiment of the user opinion strongly correlates with the sentiment of news posts and the type of information source. Our study also illustrates the di erences between the social media news channels of di erent types of news sources.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have been shown to reduce liver fat in rodent ... more Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have been shown to reduce liver fat in rodent models. Data regarding the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on human liver fat are scarce. This study examined the effect of empagliflozin (an SGLT-2 inhibitor) on liver fat in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by using MRI-derived proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF). Fifty patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD were randomly assigned to either the empagliflozin group (standard treatment for type 2 diabetes plus empagliflozin 10 mg daily) or the control group (standard treatment without empagliflozin) for 20 weeks. Change in liver fat was measured by MRI-PDFF. Secondary outcome measures were change in alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels. When included in the standard treatment for type 2 diabetes, empagliflozin was significantly better at reducing liver fat (mean MRI-PDFF difference betw...
Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2012
Recently the market become red ocean and the concept of blue ocean decides that the demand and su... more Recently the market become red ocean and the concept of blue ocean decides that the demand and supply of any incoming goods and services can produce the drastic change in economy if it shows the Growth pattern and precise enough to create the impact on customers mind. This will create lot of time to turn blue ocean into red ocean.
Many e-commerce sites struggle to present their data to users in an easily accessible manner, esp... more Many e-commerce sites struggle to present their data to users in an easily accessible manner, especially when the users have limited knowledge of what is contained in their database or lack technical expertise to form proper queries. Faceted navigation is a central tool that these e-commerce sites use to address this challenge. A typical faceted interface has two main component panels: a query panel and a result panel. Faceted browsing is primarily designed to help users quickly get to a specific item if they know the characteristics they are looking for. However, limitations in the query and the result panel deter effective faceted browsing, especially for users unfamiliar with the data. In this paper, we study why users are not able to explore e-commerce databases. We identify five limitations in the query and result panel that deter exploratory search using faceted browsing. We propose nine add-on extensions--four in the query panel and five in the result panel--to address these limitations.
Distinctive optical properties of inorganic quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles promise highly-valuabl... more Distinctive optical properties of inorganic quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles promise highly-valuable probes for fluorescence-based detection methods, particularly for in-vivo diagnostics, cell phenotyping via multiple markers or single molecule tracking. However, despite high hopes, this promise has not been fully realized yet, mainly due to difficulties at producing stable, non-toxic QD bioconjugates of negligible non-specific binding. Here, a universal platform for antibody binding to QDs is presented that builds upon the controlled functionalization of CdSe/CdS/ZnS nanoparticles capped with a multidentate dithiol/zwitterion copolymer ligand. In a change-of-paradigm approach, thiol groups are concomitantly used as anchoring and bioconjugation units to covalently bind up to 10 protein A molecules per QD while preserving their long-term colloidal stability. Protein A conjugated to QDs then enables the oriented, stoichiometrically-controlled immobilization of whole, unmodified antibodies by simple incubation. This QD-protein A immobilization platform displays remarkable antibody functionality retention after binding; usually a compromised property in antibody conjugation to surfaces. Typical QD-protein A-antibody assemblies contain ca. 3 fully functional antibodies. Validation experiments show that these nanobioconjugates overcome current limitations since they retain their colloidal stability and antibody functionality over 6 months, exhibit low non-specific interactions with live cells and have very low toxicity: after a 48h incubation with 1 μM of QD bioconjugates, HeLa cells retain more than 80% of their cellular metabolism. Finally, these QD nanobioconjugates possess a high specificity for extra- and intracellular targets in live and fixed cells. The dithiol/zwitterion QD-protein A nanoconjugates have thus a latent potential to become an off-the-shelf tool destined to unresolved biological questions.
Bank-led infrastructure financing in India has subsided in a reflection of the micro-prudential r... more Bank-led infrastructure financing in India has subsided in a reflection of the micro-prudential risks faced by banks. Bond-based financing is constrained by an incomplete bond market. Foreign borrowing is particularly inappropriate as it forces currency mismatch upon infrastructure projects. In the search for innovative methods of infrastructure financing this paper introduces the possibility of "User right" as one component of infrastructure financing. The key insight is to harness users, from amongst the universe of investors, as financiers with a high yield tradeable debt instrument that derives its value from a rebate on user charges. Liquidity would come about through trading at exchanges, which would yield a liquidity premium. Users as bond-holders would have the incentive to perform monitoring functions, which would enhance accountability. Public interest vested in public infrastructure may improve existing institutional mechanism.
Present day Web users are facing the problems of information overload and drowning due to the sig... more Present day Web users are facing the problems of information overload and drowning due to the significant and rapid growth in the amount of information and the number of users. As a result, how to provide Web users with more exactly needed information is becoming a critical issue in web-based information retrieval and Web applications. In this work, we aim propose a parallel web usage mining model to improve the performance of Web information retrieval and Web presentation through developing and employing Web data mining paradigms. Web data mining is a process that discovers the intrinsic relationships among Web data, which are expressed in the forms of textual, linkage or usage information, via analyzing the features of the Web and web-based data using data mining techniques. Particularly, we concentrate on discovering Web usage pattern (frequent navigational pattern) via Web usage mining, and the discovered usage knowledge which then can be used for presenting Web users with more ...
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan 23, 2015
Both the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and small GTPases of the ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF) ... more Both the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and small GTPases of the ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF) family play important roles in regulating cell development, homeostasis and fate. The previous report of QS11, a small molecule Wnt synergist that binds to ARF GTPase-activating protein 1 (ARFGAP1), suggests a role for ARFGAP1 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. However, direct inhibition of enzymatic activity of ARFGAP1 by QS11 has not been established. Whether ARFGAP1 is the only target that contributes to QS11's Wnt synergy is also not clear. Here we present structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of QS11 analogs in two assays: direct inhibition of enzymatic activity of purified ARFGAP1 protein and cellular activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The results confirm the direct inhibition of ARFGAP1 by QS11, and also suggest the presence of other potential cellular targets of QS11.
Flowerlike CeO2 coated with Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5Ox (Sr-Fe-Mo-oxide) nanoparticles exhibits enhanced cond... more Flowerlike CeO2 coated with Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5Ox (Sr-Fe-Mo-oxide) nanoparticles exhibits enhanced conductivity at low temperatures (300-600 (o)C), e.g. 0.12 S cm(-1) at 600 (o)C, this is comparable to pure ceria (0.1 S cm(-1) at 800 (o)C). Advanced single layer fuel cell was constructed using the flowerlike CeO2/Sr-Fe-Mo-oxide layer attached to a Ni-foam layer coated with the conducting transition metal oxide. Such fuel cell has yielded a peak power density of 802 mWcm(-2) at 550 (o)C. The mechanism of enhanced conductivity and cell performance were analyzed. These results provide a promising strategy for developing advanced low-temperature SOFCs.
Visual estimation of object stability is an ecologically important judgment that allows observers... more Visual estimation of object stability is an ecologically important judgment that allows observers to predict objects' physical behavior. Previously we have used the 'critical angle' of tilt to measure perceived object stability (VSS 2010; VSS 2011). The current study uses a different paradigm -- measuring the critical extent to which an object can "stick out" over a precipitous edge before falling off. Observers stereoscopically viewed a rendered scene containing a 3D object placed near a table's edge. Objects were slanted conical frustums that varied in their slant angle, aspect ratio, and direction of slant (pointing toward/away from the edge). In the stability task, observers adjusted the horizontal position of the object relative to the precipitous edge until it was perceived to be in unstable equilibrium. In the CoM task, they adjusted the height of a small ball probe to indicate perceived CoM. Results exhibited a significant effect of all three variab...
Introduction: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is a very commonly injured ligament of knee. S... more Introduction: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is a very commonly injured ligament of knee. Several physical examination tests are performed for evaluating ACL stability. The Lachman, pivot-shift, and anterior drawer tests are commonly performed for evaluating the knee laxity. Aim: To compare Lever sign test with anterior drawer test and Lachman test in case of ACL tear, and to assess preanaesthesia and postanaesthesia variability in tests results. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Government Medical College, Kathua, Jammu, India, from October 2018 till September 2019. Total 50 patients were included (age group 18-60 years) with symptomatic ACL tear requiring diagnostic arthroscopy or repair. Three tests Lever sign test, anterior drawer test and Lachman test were performed preanaesthesia and postanaesthesia and findings were recorded. Sensitivity and specificity was calculated preanaesthesia and postanaesthesia. Statistical analysis was done u...
Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a debilitating old age disease causing pain and ... more Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a debilitating old age disease causing pain and restriction in movement. Proximal Fibular Osteotomy (PFO) can be a novel surgical technique which may provide an increase in the joint space and balance the load bearing of the knee joint. The present study was conducted to determine the outcomes of this surgical technique in patients with OA of the knee. The findings may motivate many practicing orthopaedicians to undertake this surgical technique and thereby impart better quality of life to such patients. Aim: To assess the outcome in terms of medial joint space, lateral joint space, tibiofemoral angle and range of movement of medial compartment decompression by fibular osteotomy in medial compartment knee OA. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Postgraduate Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Jammu, India, from November 2018 to October 2019, on 30 adult patients (both sex) aged 40-6...
How many nanoparticles can we load in a fiber? How much will leak? Underlying is the relatively n... more How many nanoparticles can we load in a fiber? How much will leak? Underlying is the relatively new question of the “space available” in fibers for nanoparticle loading. Here, using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as a carrier fluid, we explored the impregnation in four Indian silks (Mulberry, Eri, Muga, and Tasar) with five standard sizes of gold nanoparticles (5, 20, 50, 100 and 150 nm in diameter). All silks could be permanently impregnated with nanoparticles up to 150 nm in size under scCO2 impregnation. Accompanying structural changes indicated that the amorphous silk domains reorganized to accommodate the gold NPs. The mechanism was studied in detail in degummed Mulberry silk fibers (i.e., without the sericin coating) with the 5 nm nanoparticle. The combined effects of concentration, time of impregnation, scCO2 pressure, and temperature showed that only a narrow set of conditions allowed for permanent impregnation without deterioration of the properties of the silk fibers.
We investigate robust data aggregation in a multi-agent online learning setting. In reality, mult... more We investigate robust data aggregation in a multi-agent online learning setting. In reality, multiple online learning agents are often deployed to perform similar tasks and receive similar feedback. We study how agents can improve their collective performance by sharing information among each other. In this paper, we formulate the -multi-player multi-armed bandit problem, in which a set of M players that have similar reward distributions for each arm play concurrently. We develop an upper confidence bound-based algorithm that adaptively aggregates rewards collected by different players. To our best knowledge, we are the first to develop such a scheme in a multi-player bandit learning setting. We show that under the assumption that pairwise distances between the means of the player-dependent distributions for each arm are small, we improve the (collective) regret bound by nearly a factor of M , in comparison with a baseline algorithm in which the players learn individually using the ...
A traditional relational database can evaluate complex queries but requires users to precisely ex... more A traditional relational database can evaluate complex queries but requires users to precisely express their information need. But users often do not know what information is available in a database, and hence cannot correctly express their information need. Traditional databases do not provide convenient means for users to gain familiarity with the data. In this paper, we study the problem of exploratory search, which a user may wish to perform to get an understanding of the data set. We note that users often have some decisions already made, so what they need is not an overall database summary, but rather a summary “in context” of the relevant portion of the database. Towards this end, we devise a novel data summarization technique called the Conditional Attribute Dependency (CAD) View, which shows the conditional dependencies between attribute values conditioned on applied selections. The CAD View can help users to gain familiarity with structured datasets in an attribute-wise ma...
On Earth, Buildings or Infrastructure uses 40%-50% of its energy, whereas on other side green bui... more On Earth, Buildings or Infrastructure uses 40%-50% of its energy, whereas on other side green buildings or sustainable buildings uses a minimum amount of energy with the use of energy-efficient construction materials. Green building creates a positive impact on human health and also to the climate along with reducing negative impact. Green building established areas are much healthier than regular developed areas. These green buildings' characteristics are discussed in terms of their completeness and specificity and are compared to their guidance on building construction, design, and operation for good indoor air quality. Here, a case study of indoor air quality performance in a green building is presented. This study includes a description of the indoor air quality features of the building and the results of a short -term indoor air quality evaluation of the building involving ventilation and contaminant concentration measurements.
Frontiers in Intelligent Computing: Theory and Applications, 2019
In the modern era, the vehicles are made for the comfort of the humans and the automation of the ... more In the modern era, the vehicles are made for the comfort of the humans and the automation of the vehicle focusses on the safety and comfort of the humans by giving them relaxing time. In the field of automobile industries, technological progress are taking place to a greater extent and to make a vehicle automated various aspects have to be taken into consideration. In this paper, we have focussed on the application in which the vehicle system knows the shortest route between the two destinations and follow this route based on its intuition from the surrounding to take further direction or not. The idea described in this paper has somewhat been taken from Google Car, i.e. Dynamic routing. This can be done using the neural network in which a method of intuition is applied and an artificial brain is to be integrated into the system that decides the shortest path through which one can reach its destination and follow that path based on its data that it collected from the surroundings. Since taking any intelligent decisions in the traffic is also an issue for the automated vehicle system. This aspect has been taken into consideration in this paper.
This global outbreak reaches to more than 200 countries and India is also one of them. The cases ... more This global outbreak reaches to more than 200 countries and India is also one of them. The cases of the virus in India has been rising day by day and upraised the concerns regarding its economic consequences (refer to Figure ). India is one of the fastest growing
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2018
Our aim was to estimate the seroprevalence of spotted fever group (SFG) and typhus group (TG) ric... more Our aim was to estimate the seroprevalence of spotted fever group (SFG) and typhus group (TG) rickettsiae among individuals with acute febrile illness (AFI) in the scrub typhus endemic Gorakhpur district, India; one of the worst affected by annual seasonal acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) outbreaks. Antibodies against SFG and TG rickettsiae and the associated risk factors were determined in 294 individuals presenting with AFI, encountered during a community based survey conducted during AES outbreak period October-November 2016. IgM and IgG seropositivity for SFG was 13.6% and 36.7%, while for TG was 7.1% and 15.3% respectively. SFG IgM positivity was significantly higher among females, while IgG positivity in individuals above 45 years. IgM and IgG seropositivity for TG rickettsiae was significantly higher in individuals involved with outdoor activities and housewives, but did not differ across age groups, gender and education status. Our results present serological evidence of SFG and TG rickettsiosis, in addition to scrub typhus among individuals with AFI in Gorakhpur region and indicate the need to explore their role as potential causes of AES in the region.
Social media is currently one of the most important means of news communication. Since people are... more Social media is currently one of the most important means of news communication. Since people are consuming a large fraction of their daily news through social media, all the traditional news channels are using social media to catch the attention of users. Each news channel has its own strategy to attract more users. In this paper, we analyze how the news channels use sentiment to garner users' attention in social media. We compare the sentiment of news posts generated by television, radio and print media, to show the di erences in the news covered by these channels. We also analyze users' reactions and sentiment of users' opinions on news posts with di erent sentiments. We do our analysis on the dataset extracted from the Facebook Pages of ve popular news channels. Our dataset contains 0.15 million news posts and 1.13 billion users reactions. Our result shows that sentiment of the user opinion strongly correlates with the sentiment of news posts and the type of information source. Our study also illustrates the di erences between the social media news channels of di erent types of news sources.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have been shown to reduce liver fat in rodent ... more Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have been shown to reduce liver fat in rodent models. Data regarding the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on human liver fat are scarce. This study examined the effect of empagliflozin (an SGLT-2 inhibitor) on liver fat in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by using MRI-derived proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF). Fifty patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD were randomly assigned to either the empagliflozin group (standard treatment for type 2 diabetes plus empagliflozin 10 mg daily) or the control group (standard treatment without empagliflozin) for 20 weeks. Change in liver fat was measured by MRI-PDFF. Secondary outcome measures were change in alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels. When included in the standard treatment for type 2 diabetes, empagliflozin was significantly better at reducing liver fat (mean MRI-PDFF difference betw...
Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2012
Recently the market become red ocean and the concept of blue ocean decides that the demand and su... more Recently the market become red ocean and the concept of blue ocean decides that the demand and supply of any incoming goods and services can produce the drastic change in economy if it shows the Growth pattern and precise enough to create the impact on customers mind. This will create lot of time to turn blue ocean into red ocean.
Many e-commerce sites struggle to present their data to users in an easily accessible manner, esp... more Many e-commerce sites struggle to present their data to users in an easily accessible manner, especially when the users have limited knowledge of what is contained in their database or lack technical expertise to form proper queries. Faceted navigation is a central tool that these e-commerce sites use to address this challenge. A typical faceted interface has two main component panels: a query panel and a result panel. Faceted browsing is primarily designed to help users quickly get to a specific item if they know the characteristics they are looking for. However, limitations in the query and the result panel deter effective faceted browsing, especially for users unfamiliar with the data. In this paper, we study why users are not able to explore e-commerce databases. We identify five limitations in the query and result panel that deter exploratory search using faceted browsing. We propose nine add-on extensions--four in the query panel and five in the result panel--to address these limitations.
Distinctive optical properties of inorganic quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles promise highly-valuabl... more Distinctive optical properties of inorganic quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles promise highly-valuable probes for fluorescence-based detection methods, particularly for in-vivo diagnostics, cell phenotyping via multiple markers or single molecule tracking. However, despite high hopes, this promise has not been fully realized yet, mainly due to difficulties at producing stable, non-toxic QD bioconjugates of negligible non-specific binding. Here, a universal platform for antibody binding to QDs is presented that builds upon the controlled functionalization of CdSe/CdS/ZnS nanoparticles capped with a multidentate dithiol/zwitterion copolymer ligand. In a change-of-paradigm approach, thiol groups are concomitantly used as anchoring and bioconjugation units to covalently bind up to 10 protein A molecules per QD while preserving their long-term colloidal stability. Protein A conjugated to QDs then enables the oriented, stoichiometrically-controlled immobilization of whole, unmodified antibodies by simple incubation. This QD-protein A immobilization platform displays remarkable antibody functionality retention after binding; usually a compromised property in antibody conjugation to surfaces. Typical QD-protein A-antibody assemblies contain ca. 3 fully functional antibodies. Validation experiments show that these nanobioconjugates overcome current limitations since they retain their colloidal stability and antibody functionality over 6 months, exhibit low non-specific interactions with live cells and have very low toxicity: after a 48h incubation with 1 μM of QD bioconjugates, HeLa cells retain more than 80% of their cellular metabolism. Finally, these QD nanobioconjugates possess a high specificity for extra- and intracellular targets in live and fixed cells. The dithiol/zwitterion QD-protein A nanoconjugates have thus a latent potential to become an off-the-shelf tool destined to unresolved biological questions.
Bank-led infrastructure financing in India has subsided in a reflection of the micro-prudential r... more Bank-led infrastructure financing in India has subsided in a reflection of the micro-prudential risks faced by banks. Bond-based financing is constrained by an incomplete bond market. Foreign borrowing is particularly inappropriate as it forces currency mismatch upon infrastructure projects. In the search for innovative methods of infrastructure financing this paper introduces the possibility of "User right" as one component of infrastructure financing. The key insight is to harness users, from amongst the universe of investors, as financiers with a high yield tradeable debt instrument that derives its value from a rebate on user charges. Liquidity would come about through trading at exchanges, which would yield a liquidity premium. Users as bond-holders would have the incentive to perform monitoring functions, which would enhance accountability. Public interest vested in public infrastructure may improve existing institutional mechanism.
Present day Web users are facing the problems of information overload and drowning due to the sig... more Present day Web users are facing the problems of information overload and drowning due to the significant and rapid growth in the amount of information and the number of users. As a result, how to provide Web users with more exactly needed information is becoming a critical issue in web-based information retrieval and Web applications. In this work, we aim propose a parallel web usage mining model to improve the performance of Web information retrieval and Web presentation through developing and employing Web data mining paradigms. Web data mining is a process that discovers the intrinsic relationships among Web data, which are expressed in the forms of textual, linkage or usage information, via analyzing the features of the Web and web-based data using data mining techniques. Particularly, we concentrate on discovering Web usage pattern (frequent navigational pattern) via Web usage mining, and the discovered usage knowledge which then can be used for presenting Web users with more ...
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan 23, 2015
Both the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and small GTPases of the ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF) ... more Both the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and small GTPases of the ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF) family play important roles in regulating cell development, homeostasis and fate. The previous report of QS11, a small molecule Wnt synergist that binds to ARF GTPase-activating protein 1 (ARFGAP1), suggests a role for ARFGAP1 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. However, direct inhibition of enzymatic activity of ARFGAP1 by QS11 has not been established. Whether ARFGAP1 is the only target that contributes to QS11's Wnt synergy is also not clear. Here we present structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of QS11 analogs in two assays: direct inhibition of enzymatic activity of purified ARFGAP1 protein and cellular activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The results confirm the direct inhibition of ARFGAP1 by QS11, and also suggest the presence of other potential cellular targets of QS11.
Flowerlike CeO2 coated with Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5Ox (Sr-Fe-Mo-oxide) nanoparticles exhibits enhanced cond... more Flowerlike CeO2 coated with Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5Ox (Sr-Fe-Mo-oxide) nanoparticles exhibits enhanced conductivity at low temperatures (300-600 (o)C), e.g. 0.12 S cm(-1) at 600 (o)C, this is comparable to pure ceria (0.1 S cm(-1) at 800 (o)C). Advanced single layer fuel cell was constructed using the flowerlike CeO2/Sr-Fe-Mo-oxide layer attached to a Ni-foam layer coated with the conducting transition metal oxide. Such fuel cell has yielded a peak power density of 802 mWcm(-2) at 550 (o)C. The mechanism of enhanced conductivity and cell performance were analyzed. These results provide a promising strategy for developing advanced low-temperature SOFCs.
Visual estimation of object stability is an ecologically important judgment that allows observers... more Visual estimation of object stability is an ecologically important judgment that allows observers to predict objects' physical behavior. Previously we have used the 'critical angle' of tilt to measure perceived object stability (VSS 2010; VSS 2011). The current study uses a different paradigm -- measuring the critical extent to which an object can "stick out" over a precipitous edge before falling off. Observers stereoscopically viewed a rendered scene containing a 3D object placed near a table's edge. Objects were slanted conical frustums that varied in their slant angle, aspect ratio, and direction of slant (pointing toward/away from the edge). In the stability task, observers adjusted the horizontal position of the object relative to the precipitous edge until it was perceived to be in unstable equilibrium. In the CoM task, they adjusted the height of a small ball probe to indicate perceived CoM. Results exhibited a significant effect of all three variab...
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Papers by Manish Singh