Papers by Prakash Mainkar
2016 International Conference on Internet of Things and Applications (IOTA), 2016
Smart antenna attempt to enhance the received signal, suppress all interfering signals, and incre... more Smart antenna attempt to enhance the received signal, suppress all interfering signals, and increase capacity. Beamforming is one of the mostly used antenna technique. It adjust the radiation beam in one specific direction also reduces multiple access interference. It also reduces common channel interference and multiple path fading, in result it increases capacity of mobile network. In this paper two antenna beam forming algorithms are analyzed. These two algorithms are Least Mean Square and Minimum Variance Distortionless Response. Outputs of these two algorithms are in weights. By using these outputs weights, two parameters i.e. Mean Square Error and Power Beam Width are calculated and two algorithm are compared by this parameters and respective results are discussed.
2016 International Conference on Internet of Things and Applications (IOTA), 2016
A smart antenna is actually a fusion of an array that changes individual antenna elements pattern... more A smart antenna is actually a fusion of an array that changes individual antenna elements patterns in response of a dedicated signal to improve performance. Moving one step beyond of beam forming is adaptive algorithm which allows for the computation of continuously amend weights. The process of adaptation must satisfy a specified optimization principle. In this project two Adaptive algorithm Least Mean Square and Recursive Least Mean Square are implemented to revamp beam. Added optimization of beam is accomplished with the help of genetic algorithm which makes beam more optimize. This optimization method is used for the synthesis of antenna array radiation pattern in adaptive beam forming. The optimum value of weights of each antenna element is determined which produces a radiation pattern with minimum side lobe level. Analysis is being carried out with varying different element and space in between element to obtain the minimum weight with the help of genetic algorithm. This improves the performance to achieve the maximum reduction in side lobe level (of the order -20dB) with minimum function calls.
International Journal of Research and Engineering, 2018
Myanmar is an agricultural country and then crop production is one of the major sources of earnin... more Myanmar is an agricultural country and then crop production is one of the major sources of earning. So, more than half of our population depends on agriculture for livelihood. Due to the factors like diseases, pest attacks and sudden change in the weather condition, the productivity of the crop decreases. Automatic detection of plant diseases is essential to automatically detect the symptoms of diseases as early as they appear on the growing stage. This paper proposed a methodology for the analysis and detection of plant leaf diseases using digital image processing techniques. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system can successfully detect and classify four major plant leaves diseases: Bacterial Blight and Cercospora Leaf Spot, Powdery Mildew and Rust.
Agriculture is the mainstay of the Indian economy. Almost 70% people depend on it & shares major ... more Agriculture is the mainstay of the Indian economy. Almost 70% people depend on it & shares major part of the GDP. Diseases in crops mostly on the leaves affects on the reduction of both quality and quantity of agricultural products. Perception of human eye is not so much stronger so as to observe minute variation in the infected part of leaf. In this paper, we are providing software solution to automatically detect and classify plant leaf diseases. In this we are using image processing techniques to classify diseases & quickly diagnosis can be carried out as per disease. This approach will enhance productivity of crops. It includes several steps viz. image acquisition, image pre-processing, segmentation, features extraction and neural network based classification.
Smart Antenna systems have become a practical reality after the advent of powerful, low cost and ... more Smart Antenna systems have become a practical reality after the advent of powerful, low cost and digital signal processing components. It is recognized as promising technologies for high user capacity in 3G wireless networks by effectively reducing multipath and co-channel interference. The capacity, data rates, null steering and coverage of the cellular system are improved by using beamforming techniques such as the Recursive Least Square (RLS) and Least Mean Square(LMS) algorithms. Through this beam-forming technique, a base station can form narrower beam toward user and nulls toward interfering users. This paper mainly focuses on Recursive Least Square and Least Mean Square beam-forming technique.Simulation is done in MATLAB and can be takeninto consideration, to obtain the desired beam in the lookup direction.RLS gives maximum directivity in desired direction but side lobe level is more.
A smart antenna is actually combination of individual antenna elements and signal processing algo... more A smart antenna is actually combination of individual antenna elements and signal processing algorithm. Smart antenna is the most effectively leading innovation for maximum coverage, improved quality and more capacity. Smart antenna technology endeavours to address this problem via advanced technology called Beamforming. Through adaptive beam forming, the base station can form narrower beam toward user that is wanted signal and nulls toward interfering users that is unwanted signals. The weight of antenna arrays can be adjusted in such manner to form adaptive beam to track corresponding users automatically by using Beamforming Algorithm. At the same time to minimize interference due to other users, by introducing nulls in the directions of unwanted user. This paper is focused on adaptive Beamforming approach used in smart antennas and Recursive Least Square (RLS) adaptive algorithm used to compute the complex weights by own simulation and then further implementation of Particle Swar...
The main goal of this thesis is to develop an algorithm for smart antenna system(trans-receiver) ... more The main goal of this thesis is to develop an algorithm for smart antenna system(trans-receiver) to find the direction of arrival of signal. The algorithm studied here are: MUSIC and ESPRIT. The analysis is based on linear array antenna and the calculation of the pseudo spectra function of the estimation algorithms. MATLAB is used for simulating the algorithms.
The wireless sensor network application is proposed to monitor the carbon monoxide level, tempera... more The wireless sensor network application is proposed to monitor the carbon monoxide level, temperature, absolute pressure, relative humidity and light intensity in indoor spaces. This monitoring system consists of wireless sensor nodes, base station, global system for mobile communication (GSM) wireless transmission module and local monitoring PC. The sensor nodes collect the ambient data and send the measured data using wireless networking based on IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee standards. Base station stores the collected data from various sensor nodes and display on LCD display. Simultaneously at local PC side monitoring also achieved through serial communication with GUI interfacing. Then GSM module continuously sends the status of indoor spaces to mobile users. The aim is to achieve both good Indoor air quality and power consumption.
International Journal of Engineering Research and
A smart antenna is actually a fusion of an array that changes individual antenna elements pattern... more A smart antenna is actually a fusion of an array that changes individual antenna elements patterns in response of a dedicated signal to improve performance. Moving one step beyond of beam forming is adaptive algorithm which allows for the computation of continuously amend weights. The process of adaptation must satisfy a specified optimization principle. In this project two Adaptive algorithm Least Mean Square and Recursive Least Mean Square are implemented to revamp beam. Added optimization of beam is accomplished with the help of genetic algorithm which makes beam more optimize. This optimization method is used for the synthesis of antenna array radiation pattern in adaptive beam forming. The optimum value of weights of each antenna element is determined which produces a radiation pattern with minimum side lobe level. Analysis is being carried out with varying different element and space in between element to obtain the minimum weight with the help of genetic algorithm. This impro...
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Papers by Prakash Mainkar