We combine remote sensing (RS) measurements of temperature and precipitation with phylogenetic an... more We combine remote sensing (RS) measurements of temperature and precipitation with phylogenetic and distribution data from three plant clades with different life forms, i.e., shrubs and treelets (tribe Miconieae, Melastomes), epiphytes (Ronnbergia-Wittmackia alliance, Bromeliaceae), and lianas (“Fridericia and Allies” clade, Bignoniaceae), to predict the distribution of biodiversity in a tropical hot spot: the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We assess (i) how well RS-derived climate estimates predict the spatial distribution of species richness (SR), phylogenetic diversity (PD), and phylogenetic endemism (PE) and (ii) how they compare to predictions based on interpolated weather station information. We find that environmental descriptors derived from RS sources can predict the distribution of SR and PD, performing as well as or better than weather station-based data. Yet performance is lower for endemism and for clades with a high number of species of small ranges. We argue that this appr...
Maintaining a healthy body weight requires an exquisite balance between energy intake and energy ... more Maintaining a healthy body weight requires an exquisite balance between energy intake and energy expenditure. To understand the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the regulation of body weight, an important first step is to establish the normal range of metabolic values and primary sources contributing to variability. Energy metabolism is measured by powerful and sensitive indirect calorimetry devices. Analysis of nearly 10,000 wild-type mice from two large-scale experiments revealed that the largest variation in energy expenditure is due to body composition, ambient temperature, and institutional site of experimentation. We also analyze variation in 2329 knockout strains and establish a reference for the magnitude of metabolic changes. Based on these findings, we provide suggestions for how best to design and conduct energy balance experiments in rodents. These recommendations will move us closer to the goal of a centralized physiological repository to foster transparency, rigor and reproducibility in metabolic physiology experimentation.
This work presents an updated checklist of the Bignoniaceae from the Brazilian state of Rio Grand... more This work presents an updated checklist of the Bignoniaceae from the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), and information on the patterns of geographic distribution of individual species within two RN biomes. Forty-three native species distributed in 18 Bignoniaceae genera were recorded for RN. The species richness found for RN in this study was 43% higher than previously documented, indicating the great need of additional biodiversity studies in Rio Grande do Norte. Of the 43 species listed, 27 were recorded in the checklist of Brazilian plants, while 16 species represent new occurrences. Three additional species were included in the checklist of Brazilian plants (which listed 30 species of Bignoniaceae for the RN); however, specimens of these taxa were not located for RN during this study and are not included in the final checklist presented here. The collection effort carried out for this work led to an improved knowledge of species distributions in the two biomes found i...
A new species is described, Lundia laevis (Bignoniaceae). This species is distributed in the Braz... more A new species is described, Lundia laevis (Bignoniaceae). This species is distributed in the Brazilian Amazon and is characterized by its glabrescent stem, leaflets, and calyx, and the narrow infundibuliform corolla. A complete description, illustration, and comparisons with similar species are provided.
ABSTRACT The circumscription of genera belonging to tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae) has tradition... more ABSTRACT The circumscription of genera belonging to tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae) has traditionally been complex, with only a few genera having stable circumscriptions in the various classification systems proposed for the tribe. The genus Lundia, for instance, is well characterized by a series of morphological synapomorphies and its circumscription has remained quite stable throughout its history. Despite the stable circumscription of Lundia, the circumscription of species within the genus has remained problematic. This study aims to reconstruct the phylogeny of Lundia in order to refine species circumscriptions, gain a better understanding of relationships between taxa, and identify potential morphological synapomorphies for species and major clades. We sampled 26 accessions representing 13 species of Lundia, and 5 outgroups, and reconstructed the phylogeny of the genus using a chloroplast (ndhF) and a nuclear marker (PepC). Data derived from sequences of the individual loci were ana- lyzed using parsimony and Bayesian inference, and the combined molecular dataset was analyzed with Bayesian methods. The monophyly of Lundia nitidula, a species with a particularly complex circumscription, was tested using Shimodaira-Hasegawa (SH) test and the approximately unbiased test for phylogenetic tree selection (AU test). In addition, 40 morphological characters were mapped onto the tree that resulted from the analysis of the combined molecular dataset in order to identify morphologi- cal synapomorphies of individual species and major clades. Lundia and most species currently recognized within the genus were strongly supported as monophyletic in all analyses. One species, Lundia nitidula, was not resolved as monophyletic, but the monophyly of this species was not rejected by the AU and SH tests. Lundia sect. Eriolundia is resolved as paraphyletic in all analyses, while Lundia sect. Eulundia is monophyletic and supported by the same morphological characters traditionally used to circumscribe this section. The phylogeny of Lundia contributed important information for a better circumscription of species and served as basis the taxonomic revision of the genus.
Leaf structure of six understorey species from a remnant of "Floresta Ombrofila Mista")... more Leaf structure of six understorey species from a remnant of "Floresta Ombrofila Mista"). Plant species from the understorey forests are, generally, classified as "ciofitas" due the low light imposed by the dense canopy. This situation certainly favours species that developed adaptive processes related to the limitation or absence of light. This study presents a morphological and anatomical characterization of six species that compose the lower strata of a remnant of "Floresta Ombrofila Mista". Fresh and dry weight, water content, leaf area, specific leaf area, stomata density and leaf thickness were measured from 20 leaves for each species. The analysis of quantitative morphological traits indicated large amplitude, while the internal structure was similar among species, characterized by dorsiventral mesophyll and hypostomatism. The homogeneity of the internal structure appears to be influenced by light limitation whereas the variability of quantitative...
Fridericia resinosa is a new species from ecotones bordering the Brazilian savannas and Amazon an... more Fridericia resinosa is a new species from ecotones bordering the Brazilian savannas and Amazon and savannas-Caatinga. The conspicuous petioles and petiolules length, vernicose adaxial surface of the leaflets, and the dark purple to bordeaux corolla, can be used to distinguish this liana species from morphologically close species. A complete description, diagnosis, a line drawing, distribution map, and notes on phenology, conservation status, and comparison to the morphologically related species are provided.
—Xylophragma (Tribe Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) includes seven species of lianas or scandent shrubs... more —Xylophragma (Tribe Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) includes seven species of lianas or scandent shrubs. The genus is characterized by leaves 1‐5-foliolate with a simple tendril replacing the terminal leaflet, branched trichomes, calyx usually cuspidate, pink flowers, and ovary usually lepidote. The genus is distributed through dry forests from Mexico to Paraguay and Southern Brazil. We provide the first comprehensive taxonomic treatment for Xylophragma, including a detailed description of the genus, a key for all species, complete list of synonyms, descriptions and illustrations for all species, as well as information on the geographic distribution, habitat, phenology, conservation status, and taxonomic comments for all taxa. Overall, we analyzed more than 700 sheets deposited in 13 herbaria, including types for all accepted names and synonyms. We designate lectotypes for Arrabidaea clausseni, Arrabidaea elliptica, Arrabidaea macrophylla, Rojasiophyton tuberculatum, Saldanhaea myriantha var. pubescens, and a second step lectotype for Distictis rovirosana. Four new synonyms are proposed: A. claussenii as a synonym of X. corchoroides; S. pratensis and R. tuberculatum as synonyms of X. myrianthum; and X. unifoliolatum as a synonym of X. seemannianum.
has been approved and it is published as a provisional version while it is copyedit, reviewed and... more has been approved and it is published as a provisional version while it is copyedit, reviewed and formatted for the final version. Heterochromatin and numeric chromosome evolution in Bignoniaceae, with emphasis on the Neotropical clade Tabebuia alliance
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, Jan 11, 2017
Chromosome numbers and heterochromatin banding pattern variability have been shown to be useful f... more Chromosome numbers and heterochromatin banding pattern variability have been shown to be useful for taxonomic and evolutionary studies of different plant taxa. Bignonieae is the largest tribe of Bignoniaceae, composed mostly by woody climber species whose taxonomies are quite complicated. We reviewed and added new data concerning chromosome numbers in Bignonieae and performed the first analyses of heterochromatin banding patterns in that tribe based on the fluorochromes chromomycin A3 (CMA) and 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). We confirmed the predominant diploid number 2n = 40, as well as variations reported in the literature (dysploidy in Mansoa [2n = 38] and polyploidy in Dolichandra ungis-cati [2n = 80] and Pyrostegia venusta [2n = 80]). We also found a new cytotype for the genus Anemopaegma (Anemopaegma citrinum, 2n = 60) and provide the first chromosome counts for five species (Adenocalymma divaricatum, Amphilophium scabriusculum, Fridericia limae, F. subverticillata,...
A new species of Bignoniaceae from Brazilian cerrado and caatinga is described and illustrated: X... more A new species of Bignoniaceae from Brazilian cerrado and caatinga is described and illustrated: Xylophragma tenue. The species is characterized by its slightly bullate leaves, lateral leaflets with asymmetrical base, loosely branched inflorescence, flowers with tubular calyx with a shortly 5-cuspidate and frequently bilabiate rim, infundibuliform corolla, and capsules flat, woody, smooth, and with raised margins. Comments on distribution, phyloge-netic affinities, and comparisons with morphologically similar species are also presented.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology, Jan 2, 2016
Numerous plant species worldwide including Palicourea marcgravii (Rubiaceae) and Tanaecium bilabi... more Numerous plant species worldwide including Palicourea marcgravii (Rubiaceae) and Tanaecium bilabiatum (Bignoniaceae) in Brazil cause acute cardiac failure (sudden death) and are known to contain monofluoroacetate (MFA). Other Bignoniaceae species including Fridericia japurensis (Arrabidaea japurensis) are reported to cause sudden death in livestock in the Brazilian state of Roraima and are suspected to contain MFA due to the similarity of clinical signs. In this study herbarium specimens of Fridericia japurensis and field collections suspected to be F. japurensis were analyzed for MFA, and plant material from the field collections was dosed to rabbits. No MFA was detected in the herbarium specimens authoritatively identified as F. japurensis; however, MFA was detected in the field collections, which were identified as T. bilabiatum. Rabbits dosed orally with T. bilabiatum died acutely. Voucher toxic specimens initially described as F. japurensis were incorrectly identified, and the ...
ABSTRACT This book presents a list of vascular plants from Parana state, southern Brazil. In tota... more ABSTRACT This book presents a list of vascular plants from Parana state, southern Brazil. In total, 7367 species are recorded for the state, 6430 of which are native and 901 are exotic. Among the native plants, 436 are ferns and lycophytes, four are gymnosperms, and 5990 are flowering plants. In the first chapters we also present a short description of the climate and vegetation types in Parana, as well as a historical summary about the main botanists that have contributed to the knowledge of our flora.
We combine remote sensing (RS) measurements of temperature and precipitation with phylogenetic an... more We combine remote sensing (RS) measurements of temperature and precipitation with phylogenetic and distribution data from three plant clades with different life forms, i.e., shrubs and treelets (tribe Miconieae, Melastomes), epiphytes (Ronnbergia-Wittmackia alliance, Bromeliaceae), and lianas (“Fridericia and Allies” clade, Bignoniaceae), to predict the distribution of biodiversity in a tropical hot spot: the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We assess (i) how well RS-derived climate estimates predict the spatial distribution of species richness (SR), phylogenetic diversity (PD), and phylogenetic endemism (PE) and (ii) how they compare to predictions based on interpolated weather station information. We find that environmental descriptors derived from RS sources can predict the distribution of SR and PD, performing as well as or better than weather station-based data. Yet performance is lower for endemism and for clades with a high number of species of small ranges. We argue that this appr...
Maintaining a healthy body weight requires an exquisite balance between energy intake and energy ... more Maintaining a healthy body weight requires an exquisite balance between energy intake and energy expenditure. To understand the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the regulation of body weight, an important first step is to establish the normal range of metabolic values and primary sources contributing to variability. Energy metabolism is measured by powerful and sensitive indirect calorimetry devices. Analysis of nearly 10,000 wild-type mice from two large-scale experiments revealed that the largest variation in energy expenditure is due to body composition, ambient temperature, and institutional site of experimentation. We also analyze variation in 2329 knockout strains and establish a reference for the magnitude of metabolic changes. Based on these findings, we provide suggestions for how best to design and conduct energy balance experiments in rodents. These recommendations will move us closer to the goal of a centralized physiological repository to foster transparency, rigor and reproducibility in metabolic physiology experimentation.
This work presents an updated checklist of the Bignoniaceae from the Brazilian state of Rio Grand... more This work presents an updated checklist of the Bignoniaceae from the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), and information on the patterns of geographic distribution of individual species within two RN biomes. Forty-three native species distributed in 18 Bignoniaceae genera were recorded for RN. The species richness found for RN in this study was 43% higher than previously documented, indicating the great need of additional biodiversity studies in Rio Grande do Norte. Of the 43 species listed, 27 were recorded in the checklist of Brazilian plants, while 16 species represent new occurrences. Three additional species were included in the checklist of Brazilian plants (which listed 30 species of Bignoniaceae for the RN); however, specimens of these taxa were not located for RN during this study and are not included in the final checklist presented here. The collection effort carried out for this work led to an improved knowledge of species distributions in the two biomes found i...
A new species is described, Lundia laevis (Bignoniaceae). This species is distributed in the Braz... more A new species is described, Lundia laevis (Bignoniaceae). This species is distributed in the Brazilian Amazon and is characterized by its glabrescent stem, leaflets, and calyx, and the narrow infundibuliform corolla. A complete description, illustration, and comparisons with similar species are provided.
ABSTRACT The circumscription of genera belonging to tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae) has tradition... more ABSTRACT The circumscription of genera belonging to tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae) has traditionally been complex, with only a few genera having stable circumscriptions in the various classification systems proposed for the tribe. The genus Lundia, for instance, is well characterized by a series of morphological synapomorphies and its circumscription has remained quite stable throughout its history. Despite the stable circumscription of Lundia, the circumscription of species within the genus has remained problematic. This study aims to reconstruct the phylogeny of Lundia in order to refine species circumscriptions, gain a better understanding of relationships between taxa, and identify potential morphological synapomorphies for species and major clades. We sampled 26 accessions representing 13 species of Lundia, and 5 outgroups, and reconstructed the phylogeny of the genus using a chloroplast (ndhF) and a nuclear marker (PepC). Data derived from sequences of the individual loci were ana- lyzed using parsimony and Bayesian inference, and the combined molecular dataset was analyzed with Bayesian methods. The monophyly of Lundia nitidula, a species with a particularly complex circumscription, was tested using Shimodaira-Hasegawa (SH) test and the approximately unbiased test for phylogenetic tree selection (AU test). In addition, 40 morphological characters were mapped onto the tree that resulted from the analysis of the combined molecular dataset in order to identify morphologi- cal synapomorphies of individual species and major clades. Lundia and most species currently recognized within the genus were strongly supported as monophyletic in all analyses. One species, Lundia nitidula, was not resolved as monophyletic, but the monophyly of this species was not rejected by the AU and SH tests. Lundia sect. Eriolundia is resolved as paraphyletic in all analyses, while Lundia sect. Eulundia is monophyletic and supported by the same morphological characters traditionally used to circumscribe this section. The phylogeny of Lundia contributed important information for a better circumscription of species and served as basis the taxonomic revision of the genus.
Leaf structure of six understorey species from a remnant of "Floresta Ombrofila Mista")... more Leaf structure of six understorey species from a remnant of "Floresta Ombrofila Mista"). Plant species from the understorey forests are, generally, classified as "ciofitas" due the low light imposed by the dense canopy. This situation certainly favours species that developed adaptive processes related to the limitation or absence of light. This study presents a morphological and anatomical characterization of six species that compose the lower strata of a remnant of "Floresta Ombrofila Mista". Fresh and dry weight, water content, leaf area, specific leaf area, stomata density and leaf thickness were measured from 20 leaves for each species. The analysis of quantitative morphological traits indicated large amplitude, while the internal structure was similar among species, characterized by dorsiventral mesophyll and hypostomatism. The homogeneity of the internal structure appears to be influenced by light limitation whereas the variability of quantitative...
Fridericia resinosa is a new species from ecotones bordering the Brazilian savannas and Amazon an... more Fridericia resinosa is a new species from ecotones bordering the Brazilian savannas and Amazon and savannas-Caatinga. The conspicuous petioles and petiolules length, vernicose adaxial surface of the leaflets, and the dark purple to bordeaux corolla, can be used to distinguish this liana species from morphologically close species. A complete description, diagnosis, a line drawing, distribution map, and notes on phenology, conservation status, and comparison to the morphologically related species are provided.
—Xylophragma (Tribe Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) includes seven species of lianas or scandent shrubs... more —Xylophragma (Tribe Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) includes seven species of lianas or scandent shrubs. The genus is characterized by leaves 1‐5-foliolate with a simple tendril replacing the terminal leaflet, branched trichomes, calyx usually cuspidate, pink flowers, and ovary usually lepidote. The genus is distributed through dry forests from Mexico to Paraguay and Southern Brazil. We provide the first comprehensive taxonomic treatment for Xylophragma, including a detailed description of the genus, a key for all species, complete list of synonyms, descriptions and illustrations for all species, as well as information on the geographic distribution, habitat, phenology, conservation status, and taxonomic comments for all taxa. Overall, we analyzed more than 700 sheets deposited in 13 herbaria, including types for all accepted names and synonyms. We designate lectotypes for Arrabidaea clausseni, Arrabidaea elliptica, Arrabidaea macrophylla, Rojasiophyton tuberculatum, Saldanhaea myriantha var. pubescens, and a second step lectotype for Distictis rovirosana. Four new synonyms are proposed: A. claussenii as a synonym of X. corchoroides; S. pratensis and R. tuberculatum as synonyms of X. myrianthum; and X. unifoliolatum as a synonym of X. seemannianum.
has been approved and it is published as a provisional version while it is copyedit, reviewed and... more has been approved and it is published as a provisional version while it is copyedit, reviewed and formatted for the final version. Heterochromatin and numeric chromosome evolution in Bignoniaceae, with emphasis on the Neotropical clade Tabebuia alliance
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, Jan 11, 2017
Chromosome numbers and heterochromatin banding pattern variability have been shown to be useful f... more Chromosome numbers and heterochromatin banding pattern variability have been shown to be useful for taxonomic and evolutionary studies of different plant taxa. Bignonieae is the largest tribe of Bignoniaceae, composed mostly by woody climber species whose taxonomies are quite complicated. We reviewed and added new data concerning chromosome numbers in Bignonieae and performed the first analyses of heterochromatin banding patterns in that tribe based on the fluorochromes chromomycin A3 (CMA) and 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). We confirmed the predominant diploid number 2n = 40, as well as variations reported in the literature (dysploidy in Mansoa [2n = 38] and polyploidy in Dolichandra ungis-cati [2n = 80] and Pyrostegia venusta [2n = 80]). We also found a new cytotype for the genus Anemopaegma (Anemopaegma citrinum, 2n = 60) and provide the first chromosome counts for five species (Adenocalymma divaricatum, Amphilophium scabriusculum, Fridericia limae, F. subverticillata,...
A new species of Bignoniaceae from Brazilian cerrado and caatinga is described and illustrated: X... more A new species of Bignoniaceae from Brazilian cerrado and caatinga is described and illustrated: Xylophragma tenue. The species is characterized by its slightly bullate leaves, lateral leaflets with asymmetrical base, loosely branched inflorescence, flowers with tubular calyx with a shortly 5-cuspidate and frequently bilabiate rim, infundibuliform corolla, and capsules flat, woody, smooth, and with raised margins. Comments on distribution, phyloge-netic affinities, and comparisons with morphologically similar species are also presented.
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology, Jan 2, 2016
Numerous plant species worldwide including Palicourea marcgravii (Rubiaceae) and Tanaecium bilabi... more Numerous plant species worldwide including Palicourea marcgravii (Rubiaceae) and Tanaecium bilabiatum (Bignoniaceae) in Brazil cause acute cardiac failure (sudden death) and are known to contain monofluoroacetate (MFA). Other Bignoniaceae species including Fridericia japurensis (Arrabidaea japurensis) are reported to cause sudden death in livestock in the Brazilian state of Roraima and are suspected to contain MFA due to the similarity of clinical signs. In this study herbarium specimens of Fridericia japurensis and field collections suspected to be F. japurensis were analyzed for MFA, and plant material from the field collections was dosed to rabbits. No MFA was detected in the herbarium specimens authoritatively identified as F. japurensis; however, MFA was detected in the field collections, which were identified as T. bilabiatum. Rabbits dosed orally with T. bilabiatum died acutely. Voucher toxic specimens initially described as F. japurensis were incorrectly identified, and the ...
ABSTRACT This book presents a list of vascular plants from Parana state, southern Brazil. In tota... more ABSTRACT This book presents a list of vascular plants from Parana state, southern Brazil. In total, 7367 species are recorded for the state, 6430 of which are native and 901 are exotic. Among the native plants, 436 are ferns and lycophytes, four are gymnosperms, and 5990 are flowering plants. In the first chapters we also present a short description of the climate and vegetation types in Parana, as well as a historical summary about the main botanists that have contributed to the knowledge of our flora.
Uploads
Papers by Miriam Kaehler