Propionic acidemia (PA) is an ultrarare disorder caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial enzyme... more Propionic acidemia (PA) is an ultrarare disorder caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial enzyme, propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC), composed of PCCA and PCCB subunits. An enzyme replacement therapy is being developed using dual messenger RNA (mRNA) therapy composed of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulating mRNAs encoding PCCA and PCCB subunits of the PCC enzyme. We herein report on development of a translational semimechanistic pharmacokinetic (PK) and PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) model to quantify the relationship between the mRNA components of mRNA-3927 (an LNP encapsulating PCCA and PCCB mRNAs) and dose levels; PCCA/B mRNA PK and PD responses were assessed as circulating levels of primary disease markers 2-methyl citrate, 3-hydroxypropionate, and propionyl carnitine normalized to acetyl carnitine (C3/C2 ratio) to inform the first-inhuman dose range and regimen selection. The translational PK/PD model was developed using preclinical data available in mice with PA, Sprague Dawley rats, and cynomolgus monkeys at dose levels ranging from 0.2 to 9 mg/kg. PCCA/B mRNA PK in mice, rats, and monkeys was adequately described using allometric scaling of volume and clearance parameters. The interspecies preclinical model was scaled allometrically to humans to predict the dose-response relationship in adult and pediatric patients with PA to guide selection of dose range and regimen for the Phase 1 clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04159103).
ObjectivesTo investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (... more ObjectivesTo investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in children and adolescents in different age groups.Materials and methodsThe clinical data of 51 patients with NPC aged ≤ 18 years who were treated in Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2012 to May 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into children group (≤12 years old) and adolescent group (12–18 years old) with 12 years old as the boundary. The clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the children and adolescent groups were compared.ResultsThe symptoms of the first diagnosis in the children group were mainly nasal congestion (P = 0.043) and ear symptoms (P = 0.008). The diagnosis rate of nasopharyngeal biopsy in the children group was lower (P = 0.001), while the rate of diagnosis of cervical mass biopsy was significantly higher than that in the adolescent group (P = 0.009). T...
In this study, we assessed three Chinese families with inherited cholecystolithiasis and conducte... more In this study, we assessed three Chinese families with inherited cholecystolithiasis and conducted the clinical, genetic, and molecular characterization of these subjects. Eight of eighteen matrilineal relatives had a clinical phenotype in these three families. Sequence analysis of complete mitochondrial genomes in these probands identified the homoplasmic tRNAPhe 625Â G > A mutation and distinct sets of mtDNA polymorphisms belonging to haplogroups H2, F4b, and M10a. The 625G > A mutation disturbed the classic G-C base-pairings at a highly conserved position 49 in the T-stem of mitochondrial tRNAs. Molecular dynamics simulation showed that the structure of tRNAphe with 625Â G > A mutation was noticeably remodeled while compared with the isoform of the wild type. The occurrence of tRNAPhe 625Â G > A mutation in these various genetically unrelated subjects strongly indicates that this mutation is involved in the pathogenesis of cholecystolithiasis. This is the first evidence ...
This paper proposes a model of tripartite blind quantum computation (TBQC), in which three indepe... more This paper proposes a model of tripartite blind quantum computation (TBQC), in which three independent participants hold different resources and accomplish a computational task through cooperation. The three participants are called C,S,T separately, where C needs to compute on his private data, and T has the required quantum algorithm, and S provides sufficient quantum computational resources. Then two concrete TBQC protocols are constructed. The first protocol is designed based on Broadbent-Fitzsimons-Kashefi protocol, and it cannot prevent from collusive attack of two participants. Then based on universal quantum circuit, we present the second protocol which can prevent from collusive attack. In the latter protocol, for each appearance of R-gate in the circuit, one call to a classical AND-BOX is required for privacy.
This paper investigates a quantum version of McEliece public-key encryption (PKE) scheme, and ana... more This paper investigates a quantum version of McEliece public-key encryption (PKE) scheme, and analyzes its security. As is well known, the security of classical McEliece PKE is not stronger than the onewayness of related classical one-way function. We prove the security of quantum McEliece PKE ranks between them. Moreover, we propose the double-encryption technique to improve its security, and the security of the improved scheme is proved to be between the original scheme and the quantum one-time pad.
The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has a severe impact on global public health, and the emerging variants... more The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has a severe impact on global public health, and the emerging variants threaten the efficacy of the circulating vaccines. Here, we report that a single vaccination with a non-replicating chimpanzee adenovirus-based vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant (JS1-delta) elicits potent humoral, cellular and mucosal immunity in mice. Additionally, a single intranasal administration of JS1-delta provides effective protection against the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant challenge in mice. This study indicates that chimpanzee adenovirus type 3 (ChAd3) derived vector represents a promising platform for antiviral vaccine development against respiratory infections and JS1-delta is worth further investigation in human clinical trials.HighlightsA new chimpanzee adenoviral vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant was developed.The vaccine elicited potent humoral, cellular and mucosal immunity in mice.The vaccine protected mice from the Delta variant challenge.
Resveratrol (Res) has been shown to exhibit anti-cancer properties in gastric cancer. However, it... more Resveratrol (Res) has been shown to exhibit anti-cancer properties in gastric cancer. However, its clinical application is limited by its poor pharmacokinetics, stability, and low solubility. Hence, this study aimed to explore and verify a better delivery system for gastric cancer therapy. Using transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet (UV) spectrometry, we observed the shape and encapsulation of resveratrol-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-Res) that were synthesized by chemical methods. To explore the anticancer effects of these MSN-Res in vivo and in vitro, we established AGS and HGC-27 tumorbearing mouse models. Meanwhile, the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU, and Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining methods, while cellular apoptosis, and invasion and migration were detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and Transwell assays, respectively. FTIR and UV results showed that we successfully synthesized and loaded drugs. Safety evaluation experiments showed that neither MSN-SH nor MSN-Res had toxic effects on the normal tissues of animals. Moreover, in vitro experiments revealed that MSN-Res significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, TUNEL assay showed that MSN-Res promoted apoptosis in gastric cancer. These results were confirmed by the nude mouse tumorigenesis experiment. In conclusion, we demonstrated that MSN-Res showed better inhibitory effect on the development of gastric cancer than Res alone, indicating that MSN-Res could be a promising drug delivery system for gastric cancer treatment.
As an important subtopic of classical cryptography, secure multiparty quantum computation allows ... more As an important subtopic of classical cryptography, secure multiparty quantum computation allows multiple parties to jointly compute their private inputs without revealing them. Most existing secure multiparty computation protocols have the shortcomings of low computational efficiency and high resource consumption. To remedy these shortcomings, we propose a secure multiparty quantum computation protocol by using the Lagrange unitary operator and the Shamir (t, n) threshold secret sharing, in which the server generates all secret shares and distributes each secret share to the corresponding participant, in addition, he prepares a particle and sends it to the first participant. The first participant performs the Lagrange unitary operation on the received particle, and then sends the transformed particle to the next participant. Until the last participant’s computation task is completed, the transformed particle is sent back to the server. The server performs Lagrange unitary operation...
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020
Shenqi Maixintong capsule (SMC), a traditional Chinese medicine compound, exerts various therapeu... more Shenqi Maixintong capsule (SMC), a traditional Chinese medicine compound, exerts various therapeutic effects, including nourishing one’s vitality, improving blood circulation, regulating vital energy, and promoting coronary circulation. Studies have demonstrated that SMC could effectively alleviate atherosclerosis (AS) and delay its development. However, the effect of SMC on lipid metabolism remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the mechanism of SMC on lipid metabolism of RAW264.7 cells induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Drug-containing serum was prepared by intragastric administration of SD (Sprague Dawley) rats. RAW264.7 cells were transformed into foam cells with 25 mg/L ox-LDL. SMC-treated rat serum increased the survival rate of ox-LDL-induced RAW264.7 cells. Oil Red staining, total cholesterol, and free cholesterol detection data showed that the intermediated dose of SMC had the best effect on reducing the lipid accumulation, lipid droplets, intracellular...
As a crucial virulence factor of Porphyromonas gingivalis, gingipains play an important role in p... more As a crucial virulence factor of Porphyromonas gingivalis, gingipains play an important role in periodontal destruction. This study aimed to investigate the effect of gingipains on osteoclastogenesis. We used RAW264.7 cells as osteoclast precursors in our study. In experimental groups, cells were treated with gingipains and/or receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity staining assay showed osteoclast precursors and RANKLinduced mature osteoclasts were increased in a gingipains dose-dependent manner. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that gingipains upregulated osteoclastic genes including the protease cathepsin K (Ctsk), matrix metalloprotein 9 (Mmp9), nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (Nfatc1) and acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant (Acp5) in a time-dependent manner. Western blotting assays presented upregulated expressions of TNF receptoractivating factor 6 (TRAF6) and integrin β3 induced by gingipains and RANKL compared to RANKL alone. Enhanced integrin-related signaling was also demonstrated by elevated phosphorylations of FAK and paxillin compared to control. Moreover, the pit resorption assays showed that gingipains augmented bone resorptive function of osteoclasts induced by RANKL. When we used Cilengitide to block integrin αvβ3, gingipains reversed the reduction of formation and resorptive function in RANKL-induced osteoclasts, as they enhanced integrin αvβ3 levels more than RANKL treatment alone. In conclusion, our data suggest that gingipains augmented the differentiation and function of mature osteoclasts induced by RANKL through the increase in integrin αvβ3.
Objective. This research is aimed at investigating how high glucose affects the proliferation and... more Objective. This research is aimed at investigating how high glucose affects the proliferation and apoptosis in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in the presence of TNF-α. Methods. PDLSCs obtained from periodontal healthy permanent teeth were treated under either high-glucose condition (30 mmol/L, G30 group) or normal glucose condition (5.6 mmol/L, G5.6 group) in the presence or absence of TNF-α (10 ng/ml) for 2 to 6 days. Cell proliferation and cell cycle were evaluated by CCK-8, EdU incorporation assay, and flow cytometry. Cell apoptosis was assessed by annexin V/PI staining. Protein expression was detected by western blotting. Cellular ROS expression was evaluated by CellROX labeling and flow cytometry. Specific antibodies targeting TNFR1 and TNFR2 were used to block TNF-α signaling. Vitamin C was also used to verify if the blockage of ROS can rescue PDLSCs in the presence of high glucose and TNF-α. Results. CCK-8 assay showed that high glucose exacerbated TNF-α-induced cel...
Quantum homomorphic encryption (QHE) is an important cryptographic technology for delegated quant... more Quantum homomorphic encryption (QHE) is an important cryptographic technology for delegated quantum computation. It enables remote Server performing quantum computation on encrypted quantum data, and the specific algorithm performed by Server is unnecessarily known by Client. Quantum fully homomorphic encryption (QFHE) is a QHE that satisfies both compactness and F-homomorphism, which is homomorphic for any quantum circuits. However, Yu et al.[Phys. Rev. A 90, 050303(2014)] proved a negative result: assume interaction is not allowed, it is impossible to construct perfectly secure QFHE scheme. So this article focuses on non-interactive and perfectly secure QHE scheme with loosen requirement, specifically quasi-compactness. This article defines encrypted gate, which is denoted by EG[U ] : |α → ((a, b), Enc a,b (U |α)). We present a gate-teleportation-based two-party computation scheme for EG[U ], where one party gives arbitrary quantum state |α as input and obtains the encrypted U-computing result Enc a,b (U |α), and the other party obtains the random bits a, b. Based on EG[P x ](x ∈ {0, 1}), we propose a method to remove the P-error generated in the homomorphic evaluation of T /T †-gate. Using this method, we design two non-interactive and perfectly secure QHE schemes named GT and VGT. Both of them are F-homomorphic and quasi-compact (the decryption complexity depends on the T /T †-gate complexity). Assume F-homomorphism, non-interaction and perfect security are necessary property, the quasi-compactness is proved to be bounded by O(M), where M is the total number of T /T †-gates in the evaluated circuit. VGT is proved to be optimal and has M-quasi-compactness. According to our QHE schemes, the decryption would be inefficient if the evaluated circuit contains exponential number of T /T †-gates. Thus our schemes are suitable for homomorphic evaluation of any quantum circuit with low T /T †-gate complexity, such as any polynomial-size quantum circuit or any quantum circuit with polynomial number of T /T †-gates.
Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.], Jan 3, 2018
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and progressive lung disease characteri... more Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and progressive lung disease characterized by a mixture of small airway disease and lung tissue parenchymal destruction. Abnormal inflammatory responses to cigarette smoking and other noxious particles are generally thought to be responsible for causing of COPD. Since airway inflammation is a key factor in COPD progress, it is crucial to unravel its underlying molecular mechanisms. Unbiased analysis of genome-wide gene expression profiles in lung small airway epithelial cells provides a powerful tool to investigate this. Gene expression data of GSE611906, GSE20257, GSE8545 were downloaded from GEO database. All 288 lung small airway samples in these cohorts, including donors with (n = 61) and without (n = 227) COPD, were chosen for differential gene expression analysis. The gene ontology (GO) function, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) enrichment analyses, gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and p...
3D additive manufacturing (AM) offers unprecedented flexibility in realization of complicated 3D ... more 3D additive manufacturing (AM) offers unprecedented flexibility in realization of complicated 3D structures. Polymer jetting is one of the promising 3D AM techniques that utilizes photosensitive polymers as the build material and is capable of precisely printing electromagnetic (EM) components up into the THz range. In this paper, important design and implementation aspects of polymer jetting based 3D printed EM components are discussed. A number of 3D printable polymer materials and their broadband EM characterization from GHz to THz are introduced. Design methodologies specific for 3D printed antennas and other EM components are presented. As examples, various 3D printed devices operating from GHz to THz frequency including electromagnetic crystals (EMXT), waveguide, horn antenna, gradient index (GRIN) lenses, as well as 3D AM enabled new designs such as millimeter wave (mmW) / THz reflect array antennas, computer generated THz holograms and so on are reviewed. Moreover, current limitations and possible future improvements of polymer jetting technique for EM applications are discussed. This type of 3D additive manufacturing technique is likely to enable many novel antenna and circuit architectures as well as various interesting 3D metamaterial structures.
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2017
3D printing technology has attracted growing interest of many researchers in the area of antenna ... more 3D printing technology has attracted growing interest of many researchers in the area of antenna design as a new prototyping and manufacturing technology. It is capable of forming arbitrary 3D structures with lower cost and shorter prototyping time. This paper aims to present a novel methodology to control antenna radiation pattern based on 3D printing of specially-designed dielectric material, which realizes spatiallydependent dielectric constants around the antenna. As a proof of concept, we propose a design of a quarter-wavelength monopole antenna surrounded by a 3D-printed polymer structure with an optimized dielectric property distribution. Unlike the conventional donut-shaped pattern of a quarter-wavelength monopole antenna, one-beam and multiple-beam patterns are obtained using a genetic-algorithm-based optimization. Different dielectric constant spatial distributions are realized by changing the ratio of the dielectric to air at the unit cell level in the entire antenna volume. A two-beam monopole prototype is designed, fabricated, and tested. The measurement results demonstrate agreement with the simulation results. The proposed design method enables another degree of freedom for antenna design, which can be extended to other types of antennas.
Additive manufacturing (AM), or often referred to as three-dimensional (3D) printing, is an impor... more Additive manufacturing (AM), or often referred to as three-dimensional (3D) printing, is an important emerging research area which has received much attention recently. It allows 3D objects with arbitrary geometry to be printed automatically layer by layer from bottom to top. This technology offers several advantages compared to conventional manufacturing techniques including the capability of more flexible design, prototyping time and cost reduction, less human interaction, and faster product development cycle. 3D printing techniques have been applied in many different sectors including mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, biomedical engineering, art, architecture, and landscaping. This chapter reviews state-of-the-art 3D printed antennas from microwave to THz frequencies and offers practical and futuristic perspectives on the challenges and potentials of 3D printed antennas. An overview of various 3D printing techniques relevant to antenna applications is presented first. A number of 3D printed antenna examples categorized by different AM methods are then described. Finally, technical challenges and possible solutions of 3D printing technology specific to antenna application, as well as new and revolutionary antenna design/realization concepts enabled by 3D printing technology, are discussed.
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), which reside in the perivascular space of the periodont... more Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), which reside in the perivascular space of the periodontium, possess characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and are a promising tool for periodontal regeneration. Recently, great progress has been made in PDLSC transplantation. Investigators are attempting to maximize the proliferation and differentiation potential of PDLSCs by modifying culture conditions and applying growth factors. Nevertheless, problems remain. First, incomparability among different studies must be minimized by establishing standard guidelines for culture and identification of PDLSCs. Notably, attention should be paid to the biological safety of PDLSC transplantation. The present review updates the latest findings regarding PDLSCs and discusses standard criteria for culture and identification of PDLSCs. Finally, the review calls for careful consideration of PDLSC transplantation safety.
Fully homomorphic encryption enables arbitrary computation on encrypted data without decrypting t... more Fully homomorphic encryption enables arbitrary computation on encrypted data without decrypting the data. Here it is studied in the context of quantum information processing. Based on universal quantum circuit, we present a quantum fully homomorphic encryption (QFHE) scheme, which permits arbitrary quantum transformation on an encrypted data. The QFHE scheme is proved to be perfectly secure. In the scheme, the decryption key is different from the encryption key, however, the encryption key cannot be public. Moreover, the evaluate algorithm of the scheme is independent of the encryption key, so it is very applicable in delegated quantum computing between two parties.
Propionic acidemia (PA) is an ultrarare disorder caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial enzyme... more Propionic acidemia (PA) is an ultrarare disorder caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial enzyme, propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC), composed of PCCA and PCCB subunits. An enzyme replacement therapy is being developed using dual messenger RNA (mRNA) therapy composed of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulating mRNAs encoding PCCA and PCCB subunits of the PCC enzyme. We herein report on development of a translational semimechanistic pharmacokinetic (PK) and PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) model to quantify the relationship between the mRNA components of mRNA-3927 (an LNP encapsulating PCCA and PCCB mRNAs) and dose levels; PCCA/B mRNA PK and PD responses were assessed as circulating levels of primary disease markers 2-methyl citrate, 3-hydroxypropionate, and propionyl carnitine normalized to acetyl carnitine (C3/C2 ratio) to inform the first-inhuman dose range and regimen selection. The translational PK/PD model was developed using preclinical data available in mice with PA, Sprague Dawley rats, and cynomolgus monkeys at dose levels ranging from 0.2 to 9 mg/kg. PCCA/B mRNA PK in mice, rats, and monkeys was adequately described using allometric scaling of volume and clearance parameters. The interspecies preclinical model was scaled allometrically to humans to predict the dose-response relationship in adult and pediatric patients with PA to guide selection of dose range and regimen for the Phase 1 clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04159103).
ObjectivesTo investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (... more ObjectivesTo investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in children and adolescents in different age groups.Materials and methodsThe clinical data of 51 patients with NPC aged ≤ 18 years who were treated in Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2012 to May 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into children group (≤12 years old) and adolescent group (12–18 years old) with 12 years old as the boundary. The clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the children and adolescent groups were compared.ResultsThe symptoms of the first diagnosis in the children group were mainly nasal congestion (P = 0.043) and ear symptoms (P = 0.008). The diagnosis rate of nasopharyngeal biopsy in the children group was lower (P = 0.001), while the rate of diagnosis of cervical mass biopsy was significantly higher than that in the adolescent group (P = 0.009). T...
In this study, we assessed three Chinese families with inherited cholecystolithiasis and conducte... more In this study, we assessed three Chinese families with inherited cholecystolithiasis and conducted the clinical, genetic, and molecular characterization of these subjects. Eight of eighteen matrilineal relatives had a clinical phenotype in these three families. Sequence analysis of complete mitochondrial genomes in these probands identified the homoplasmic tRNAPhe 625Â G > A mutation and distinct sets of mtDNA polymorphisms belonging to haplogroups H2, F4b, and M10a. The 625G > A mutation disturbed the classic G-C base-pairings at a highly conserved position 49 in the T-stem of mitochondrial tRNAs. Molecular dynamics simulation showed that the structure of tRNAphe with 625Â G > A mutation was noticeably remodeled while compared with the isoform of the wild type. The occurrence of tRNAPhe 625Â G > A mutation in these various genetically unrelated subjects strongly indicates that this mutation is involved in the pathogenesis of cholecystolithiasis. This is the first evidence ...
This paper proposes a model of tripartite blind quantum computation (TBQC), in which three indepe... more This paper proposes a model of tripartite blind quantum computation (TBQC), in which three independent participants hold different resources and accomplish a computational task through cooperation. The three participants are called C,S,T separately, where C needs to compute on his private data, and T has the required quantum algorithm, and S provides sufficient quantum computational resources. Then two concrete TBQC protocols are constructed. The first protocol is designed based on Broadbent-Fitzsimons-Kashefi protocol, and it cannot prevent from collusive attack of two participants. Then based on universal quantum circuit, we present the second protocol which can prevent from collusive attack. In the latter protocol, for each appearance of R-gate in the circuit, one call to a classical AND-BOX is required for privacy.
This paper investigates a quantum version of McEliece public-key encryption (PKE) scheme, and ana... more This paper investigates a quantum version of McEliece public-key encryption (PKE) scheme, and analyzes its security. As is well known, the security of classical McEliece PKE is not stronger than the onewayness of related classical one-way function. We prove the security of quantum McEliece PKE ranks between them. Moreover, we propose the double-encryption technique to improve its security, and the security of the improved scheme is proved to be between the original scheme and the quantum one-time pad.
The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has a severe impact on global public health, and the emerging variants... more The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has a severe impact on global public health, and the emerging variants threaten the efficacy of the circulating vaccines. Here, we report that a single vaccination with a non-replicating chimpanzee adenovirus-based vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant (JS1-delta) elicits potent humoral, cellular and mucosal immunity in mice. Additionally, a single intranasal administration of JS1-delta provides effective protection against the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant challenge in mice. This study indicates that chimpanzee adenovirus type 3 (ChAd3) derived vector represents a promising platform for antiviral vaccine development against respiratory infections and JS1-delta is worth further investigation in human clinical trials.HighlightsA new chimpanzee adenoviral vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant was developed.The vaccine elicited potent humoral, cellular and mucosal immunity in mice.The vaccine protected mice from the Delta variant challenge.
Resveratrol (Res) has been shown to exhibit anti-cancer properties in gastric cancer. However, it... more Resveratrol (Res) has been shown to exhibit anti-cancer properties in gastric cancer. However, its clinical application is limited by its poor pharmacokinetics, stability, and low solubility. Hence, this study aimed to explore and verify a better delivery system for gastric cancer therapy. Using transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet (UV) spectrometry, we observed the shape and encapsulation of resveratrol-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-Res) that were synthesized by chemical methods. To explore the anticancer effects of these MSN-Res in vivo and in vitro, we established AGS and HGC-27 tumorbearing mouse models. Meanwhile, the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU, and Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining methods, while cellular apoptosis, and invasion and migration were detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and Transwell assays, respectively. FTIR and UV results showed that we successfully synthesized and loaded drugs. Safety evaluation experiments showed that neither MSN-SH nor MSN-Res had toxic effects on the normal tissues of animals. Moreover, in vitro experiments revealed that MSN-Res significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, TUNEL assay showed that MSN-Res promoted apoptosis in gastric cancer. These results were confirmed by the nude mouse tumorigenesis experiment. In conclusion, we demonstrated that MSN-Res showed better inhibitory effect on the development of gastric cancer than Res alone, indicating that MSN-Res could be a promising drug delivery system for gastric cancer treatment.
As an important subtopic of classical cryptography, secure multiparty quantum computation allows ... more As an important subtopic of classical cryptography, secure multiparty quantum computation allows multiple parties to jointly compute their private inputs without revealing them. Most existing secure multiparty computation protocols have the shortcomings of low computational efficiency and high resource consumption. To remedy these shortcomings, we propose a secure multiparty quantum computation protocol by using the Lagrange unitary operator and the Shamir (t, n) threshold secret sharing, in which the server generates all secret shares and distributes each secret share to the corresponding participant, in addition, he prepares a particle and sends it to the first participant. The first participant performs the Lagrange unitary operation on the received particle, and then sends the transformed particle to the next participant. Until the last participant’s computation task is completed, the transformed particle is sent back to the server. The server performs Lagrange unitary operation...
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020
Shenqi Maixintong capsule (SMC), a traditional Chinese medicine compound, exerts various therapeu... more Shenqi Maixintong capsule (SMC), a traditional Chinese medicine compound, exerts various therapeutic effects, including nourishing one’s vitality, improving blood circulation, regulating vital energy, and promoting coronary circulation. Studies have demonstrated that SMC could effectively alleviate atherosclerosis (AS) and delay its development. However, the effect of SMC on lipid metabolism remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the mechanism of SMC on lipid metabolism of RAW264.7 cells induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Drug-containing serum was prepared by intragastric administration of SD (Sprague Dawley) rats. RAW264.7 cells were transformed into foam cells with 25 mg/L ox-LDL. SMC-treated rat serum increased the survival rate of ox-LDL-induced RAW264.7 cells. Oil Red staining, total cholesterol, and free cholesterol detection data showed that the intermediated dose of SMC had the best effect on reducing the lipid accumulation, lipid droplets, intracellular...
As a crucial virulence factor of Porphyromonas gingivalis, gingipains play an important role in p... more As a crucial virulence factor of Porphyromonas gingivalis, gingipains play an important role in periodontal destruction. This study aimed to investigate the effect of gingipains on osteoclastogenesis. We used RAW264.7 cells as osteoclast precursors in our study. In experimental groups, cells were treated with gingipains and/or receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity staining assay showed osteoclast precursors and RANKLinduced mature osteoclasts were increased in a gingipains dose-dependent manner. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that gingipains upregulated osteoclastic genes including the protease cathepsin K (Ctsk), matrix metalloprotein 9 (Mmp9), nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (Nfatc1) and acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant (Acp5) in a time-dependent manner. Western blotting assays presented upregulated expressions of TNF receptoractivating factor 6 (TRAF6) and integrin β3 induced by gingipains and RANKL compared to RANKL alone. Enhanced integrin-related signaling was also demonstrated by elevated phosphorylations of FAK and paxillin compared to control. Moreover, the pit resorption assays showed that gingipains augmented bone resorptive function of osteoclasts induced by RANKL. When we used Cilengitide to block integrin αvβ3, gingipains reversed the reduction of formation and resorptive function in RANKL-induced osteoclasts, as they enhanced integrin αvβ3 levels more than RANKL treatment alone. In conclusion, our data suggest that gingipains augmented the differentiation and function of mature osteoclasts induced by RANKL through the increase in integrin αvβ3.
Objective. This research is aimed at investigating how high glucose affects the proliferation and... more Objective. This research is aimed at investigating how high glucose affects the proliferation and apoptosis in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in the presence of TNF-α. Methods. PDLSCs obtained from periodontal healthy permanent teeth were treated under either high-glucose condition (30 mmol/L, G30 group) or normal glucose condition (5.6 mmol/L, G5.6 group) in the presence or absence of TNF-α (10 ng/ml) for 2 to 6 days. Cell proliferation and cell cycle were evaluated by CCK-8, EdU incorporation assay, and flow cytometry. Cell apoptosis was assessed by annexin V/PI staining. Protein expression was detected by western blotting. Cellular ROS expression was evaluated by CellROX labeling and flow cytometry. Specific antibodies targeting TNFR1 and TNFR2 were used to block TNF-α signaling. Vitamin C was also used to verify if the blockage of ROS can rescue PDLSCs in the presence of high glucose and TNF-α. Results. CCK-8 assay showed that high glucose exacerbated TNF-α-induced cel...
Quantum homomorphic encryption (QHE) is an important cryptographic technology for delegated quant... more Quantum homomorphic encryption (QHE) is an important cryptographic technology for delegated quantum computation. It enables remote Server performing quantum computation on encrypted quantum data, and the specific algorithm performed by Server is unnecessarily known by Client. Quantum fully homomorphic encryption (QFHE) is a QHE that satisfies both compactness and F-homomorphism, which is homomorphic for any quantum circuits. However, Yu et al.[Phys. Rev. A 90, 050303(2014)] proved a negative result: assume interaction is not allowed, it is impossible to construct perfectly secure QFHE scheme. So this article focuses on non-interactive and perfectly secure QHE scheme with loosen requirement, specifically quasi-compactness. This article defines encrypted gate, which is denoted by EG[U ] : |α → ((a, b), Enc a,b (U |α)). We present a gate-teleportation-based two-party computation scheme for EG[U ], where one party gives arbitrary quantum state |α as input and obtains the encrypted U-computing result Enc a,b (U |α), and the other party obtains the random bits a, b. Based on EG[P x ](x ∈ {0, 1}), we propose a method to remove the P-error generated in the homomorphic evaluation of T /T †-gate. Using this method, we design two non-interactive and perfectly secure QHE schemes named GT and VGT. Both of them are F-homomorphic and quasi-compact (the decryption complexity depends on the T /T †-gate complexity). Assume F-homomorphism, non-interaction and perfect security are necessary property, the quasi-compactness is proved to be bounded by O(M), where M is the total number of T /T †-gates in the evaluated circuit. VGT is proved to be optimal and has M-quasi-compactness. According to our QHE schemes, the decryption would be inefficient if the evaluated circuit contains exponential number of T /T †-gates. Thus our schemes are suitable for homomorphic evaluation of any quantum circuit with low T /T †-gate complexity, such as any polynomial-size quantum circuit or any quantum circuit with polynomial number of T /T †-gates.
Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.], Jan 3, 2018
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and progressive lung disease characteri... more Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and progressive lung disease characterized by a mixture of small airway disease and lung tissue parenchymal destruction. Abnormal inflammatory responses to cigarette smoking and other noxious particles are generally thought to be responsible for causing of COPD. Since airway inflammation is a key factor in COPD progress, it is crucial to unravel its underlying molecular mechanisms. Unbiased analysis of genome-wide gene expression profiles in lung small airway epithelial cells provides a powerful tool to investigate this. Gene expression data of GSE611906, GSE20257, GSE8545 were downloaded from GEO database. All 288 lung small airway samples in these cohorts, including donors with (n = 61) and without (n = 227) COPD, were chosen for differential gene expression analysis. The gene ontology (GO) function, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) enrichment analyses, gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and p...
3D additive manufacturing (AM) offers unprecedented flexibility in realization of complicated 3D ... more 3D additive manufacturing (AM) offers unprecedented flexibility in realization of complicated 3D structures. Polymer jetting is one of the promising 3D AM techniques that utilizes photosensitive polymers as the build material and is capable of precisely printing electromagnetic (EM) components up into the THz range. In this paper, important design and implementation aspects of polymer jetting based 3D printed EM components are discussed. A number of 3D printable polymer materials and their broadband EM characterization from GHz to THz are introduced. Design methodologies specific for 3D printed antennas and other EM components are presented. As examples, various 3D printed devices operating from GHz to THz frequency including electromagnetic crystals (EMXT), waveguide, horn antenna, gradient index (GRIN) lenses, as well as 3D AM enabled new designs such as millimeter wave (mmW) / THz reflect array antennas, computer generated THz holograms and so on are reviewed. Moreover, current limitations and possible future improvements of polymer jetting technique for EM applications are discussed. This type of 3D additive manufacturing technique is likely to enable many novel antenna and circuit architectures as well as various interesting 3D metamaterial structures.
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2017
3D printing technology has attracted growing interest of many researchers in the area of antenna ... more 3D printing technology has attracted growing interest of many researchers in the area of antenna design as a new prototyping and manufacturing technology. It is capable of forming arbitrary 3D structures with lower cost and shorter prototyping time. This paper aims to present a novel methodology to control antenna radiation pattern based on 3D printing of specially-designed dielectric material, which realizes spatiallydependent dielectric constants around the antenna. As a proof of concept, we propose a design of a quarter-wavelength monopole antenna surrounded by a 3D-printed polymer structure with an optimized dielectric property distribution. Unlike the conventional donut-shaped pattern of a quarter-wavelength monopole antenna, one-beam and multiple-beam patterns are obtained using a genetic-algorithm-based optimization. Different dielectric constant spatial distributions are realized by changing the ratio of the dielectric to air at the unit cell level in the entire antenna volume. A two-beam monopole prototype is designed, fabricated, and tested. The measurement results demonstrate agreement with the simulation results. The proposed design method enables another degree of freedom for antenna design, which can be extended to other types of antennas.
Additive manufacturing (AM), or often referred to as three-dimensional (3D) printing, is an impor... more Additive manufacturing (AM), or often referred to as three-dimensional (3D) printing, is an important emerging research area which has received much attention recently. It allows 3D objects with arbitrary geometry to be printed automatically layer by layer from bottom to top. This technology offers several advantages compared to conventional manufacturing techniques including the capability of more flexible design, prototyping time and cost reduction, less human interaction, and faster product development cycle. 3D printing techniques have been applied in many different sectors including mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, biomedical engineering, art, architecture, and landscaping. This chapter reviews state-of-the-art 3D printed antennas from microwave to THz frequencies and offers practical and futuristic perspectives on the challenges and potentials of 3D printed antennas. An overview of various 3D printing techniques relevant to antenna applications is presented first. A number of 3D printed antenna examples categorized by different AM methods are then described. Finally, technical challenges and possible solutions of 3D printing technology specific to antenna application, as well as new and revolutionary antenna design/realization concepts enabled by 3D printing technology, are discussed.
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), which reside in the perivascular space of the periodont... more Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), which reside in the perivascular space of the periodontium, possess characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and are a promising tool for periodontal regeneration. Recently, great progress has been made in PDLSC transplantation. Investigators are attempting to maximize the proliferation and differentiation potential of PDLSCs by modifying culture conditions and applying growth factors. Nevertheless, problems remain. First, incomparability among different studies must be minimized by establishing standard guidelines for culture and identification of PDLSCs. Notably, attention should be paid to the biological safety of PDLSC transplantation. The present review updates the latest findings regarding PDLSCs and discusses standard criteria for culture and identification of PDLSCs. Finally, the review calls for careful consideration of PDLSC transplantation safety.
Fully homomorphic encryption enables arbitrary computation on encrypted data without decrypting t... more Fully homomorphic encryption enables arbitrary computation on encrypted data without decrypting the data. Here it is studied in the context of quantum information processing. Based on universal quantum circuit, we present a quantum fully homomorphic encryption (QFHE) scheme, which permits arbitrary quantum transformation on an encrypted data. The QFHE scheme is proved to be perfectly secure. In the scheme, the decryption key is different from the encryption key, however, the encryption key cannot be public. Moreover, the evaluate algorithm of the scheme is independent of the encryption key, so it is very applicable in delegated quantum computing between two parties.
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