bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), May 18, 2022
and DH are employed by CHDI Management, Inc. as advisors to CHDI Foundation, Inc., and declare no... more and DH are employed by CHDI Management, Inc. as advisors to CHDI Foundation, Inc., and declare no conflict of interest. CHDI Foundation is a nonprofit biomedical research organization exclusively dedicated to collaboratively developing therapeutics that substantially improve the lives of those affected by Huntington's disease. CHDI .
International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 2021
(1) Background: As a common problem, Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) is vastly experiencing by the ... more (1) Background: As a common problem, Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) is vastly experiencing by the present world and which is severe in Bangladesh. Nowadays the road traffic accidents have occurred by the tobacco consumption habits where mostly tobacco control law is avoided in Bangladesh. The study aims to investigate the effects of tobacco control law on road traffic accidents in Bangladesh. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study included 424 questionnaire surveys with drivers (bus and truck) and 10 KIIs. Chi-squared tests were used to measure differences between various parameters (related to tobacco control law and RTAs), while logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship among tobacco control law, RTA risk factors and socio-demographic features. (3) Results: This study result shows 75.9% of respondents are tobacco users where 76.4% have knowledge about tobacco control law. About 93.4% know that smoking in public transports is strongly prohibited by the law where 80.7% of them abide by the tobacco control law daily. Therefore, about 64.6% of respondents were involved in RTAs. A statistically significant association was found between RTAs and knowledge of drivers about tobacco control law (p>0.013) and having knowledge on "smoking in public transports is prohibited by the law" (OR=2.945, p=0.016) is also strongly associated with road traffic accidents. (4) Conclusion: A vast majority of the heavy vehicle drivers are well known about tobacco control law and they are obliged to the law in public transports with satisfactory level.
The rapid development of motorization in the city of Semarang caused an increase in congestion. T... more The rapid development of motorization in the city of Semarang caused an increase in congestion. This prompted the City of Semarang Government to provide adequate, safe and comfortable public transportation for the community. The public transportation service introduced in 2009 was a rapid transit system called the Trans Semarang Bus Rapid Transit (BRT). This study aims to measure the passenger’s level of satisfaction with and loyalty to Trans Semarang bus services. We measured satisfaction using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method. The satisfaction index is based on five dimensions of service quality, namely: physical, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The results showed the value of the CSI of 69.17 percent. This means that overall passenger satisfaction with the Trans Semarang bus service is still low. The level of passenger loyalty to Trans Semarang buses was measured by their intention to use the service in a sustainable manner is 78 percent. This means that if there is another alternative, the probability of leaving the Trans Semarang bus is 22 percent. The quality of Trans Semarang bus services still needs to be improved to increase passenger satisfaction with and loyalty to the bus services.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
& different countries of Europe. He is a pioneer of Endoscopic Ear surgery in Bangladesh. He acti... more & different countries of Europe. He is a pioneer of Endoscopic Ear surgery in Bangladesh. He activly perticipated in workshop, seminer, conference, Congress in different countries. He has more than 80 articles published in different national & international journals.More than 5 research works has been going on under his supervision in BSMMU.
Sinusitis is defined as a condition manifested by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose... more Sinusitis is defined as a condition manifested by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose & paranasal sinuses, fluid within this cavities and or underlying bone. Chronic rhinosinusitis is diagnosed by the presence of two or more of the following factors facial congestion/fullness, nasal obstruction, nasal discharge or discolored post nasal drainage, hyposmia/anosmia or one major and two of the following minor factors, headache. Halitosis, fatigue, dental pain, cough, ear pressure, fullness. The use of endoscope during surgery of nose & para nasal sinuses improves visualization enable greater preservation of normal structures and reduces the necessity for wide exposure. This cross-sectional study on 50 cases of chronic rhinosinusitis carried out during a period of 6 months. All the cases of both endonasal endoscopic sinus surgery (EESS) group and conventional group assessed clinically endoscopicaly and by imaging both pre and post-operative period. Twenty five cases were EESS group. Twenty five cases of conventional group. Follow-up frequencies are 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 1st month, 3rd months, 6th months. In both type majority of patients in between 21-40 years, most of the cases were male, majority of patients present with headache (80)%, nasal discharge (70%), nasal obstruction (62%), major indication incase of EESS group were ethmoidal polyp 52% & conventional surgery group were chronic sinusitis (56%). Commonest complications were cheek swelling 10(40%) incase of conventional group, crusting 12(84%) in EESS group. Complete recovery incase of EESS were in 21(84%) cases and conventional surgery group 16(64%). Endonasal endoscopic sinus surgery has provided a safe & efficient method for dealing with different sinonasal diseases.
Australia is founding its future on science and innovation. Its national science agency, CSIRO, i... more Australia is founding its future on science and innovation. Its national science agency, CSIRO, is a powerhouse of ideas, technologies and skills. CSIRO initiated the National Research Flagships to address Australia's major research challenges and opportunities. They apply large scale, long term, multidisciplinary science and aim for widespread adoption of solutions. The Flagship Collaboration Fund supports the best and brightest researchers to address these complex challenges through partnerships between CSIRO, universities, research agencies and industry. The Water for a Healthy Country Flagship aims to provide Australia with solutions for water resource management, creating economic gains of $3 billion per annum by 2030, while protecting or restoring our major water ecosystems.
When a laminar boundary layer encounters a strong enough adverse pressure gradient, it separates ... more When a laminar boundary layer encounters a strong enough adverse pressure gradient, it separates to form a laminar free shear layer. The separated shear layer undergoes transition to turbulent flow and the turbulent shear layer may reattach to form a closed laminar separation bubble. A second type of separation bubble is one that occurs after a backward-facing step, where the separation point is fixed. A family of suction-induced laminar separation bubbles on a smooth surface has been investigated by a spectral numerical method which solves the full 3D time-dependent incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. A comparison study with experimental results shows that the present simulations capture the main features associated with turbulent reattachment and the relaxing boundary layer that follows. The main observations downstream of reattachment are that the relaxation to an equilibrium boundary layer is very slow; Reynolds stresses are initially very high and change rapidly, eventually falling below the equilibrium boundary layer values. These observations suggest that there is a region of rapid distortion in the immediate vicinity of reattachment while further downstream there is a slowly decaying shear layer above the relaxing boundary layer.
Introduction Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) occurs during treatment with conventional radiat... more Introduction Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) occurs during treatment with conventional radiation in multiple organ sites. Development of RIL portends poor prognosis. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) spares RIL in pancreatic cancer, but has not been examined in other sites commonly treated with SBRT. This work examines if SBRT similarly spares RIL in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and methods Retrospective analysis was done at a single institution on 40 distinct cases of SBRT for early stage NSCLC from 2006-2017. Incidentally collected lymphocyte counts collected within 6 months of SBRT treatment were analyzed to determine if RIL occurred. The presence of RIL was correlated with location of initial failure and survival endpoints. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed with significance defined at the level p < 0.05. Results RIL was observed in 35% of the analyzed patients. Patterns of failure and survival data were comparable to prior SBRT literature. There was no observed association in two year local, nodal, or distant failure, progression free survival, or overall survival based on the presence of RIL. Discussion SBRT spares RIL in NSCLC compared to historical rates observed with conventionally fractionated radiation. As understanding of the role of the immune system in cancer control continues to evolve, the importance of RIL sparing techniques take on increasing importance. This study represents further analysis of RIL sparing in SBRT in an early stage NSCLC cohort without the confounding influence of chemotherapy.
Heat transfer through building opaque envelope is responsible for approximately half of the total... more Heat transfer through building opaque envelope is responsible for approximately half of the total heat loss and gain to and from the surroundings. Therefore, insulation materials are commonly used in the building envelope to reduce the heat transfer. Recently, lightweight wall materials with lower thermal conductivity are used in construction along with the commonly used materials such as heavy concrete and earthen materials. In this perspective, there is a need to understand the optimum insulation thickness for different types of building construction materials to minimize unnecessary usage of insulation materials. This study investigated the optimum insulation thickness for different construction materials following a life-cycle approach, where an analytical optimization methodology based on the degree-days method and life-cycle cost analysis was used. In total, 4 insulation materials and 15 building construction materials were considered in the optimization study. The objective function was to minimize life-cycle cost corresponding to the decision variables including insulation thickness and the thermal conductivity of insulation and wall materials. The results showed that the use of insulation in lightweight wall materials is not economically feasible because of their negligible
In Australia, the government spending on public buildings' energy and water consumption is consid... more In Australia, the government spending on public buildings' energy and water consumption is considerable; however the building energy and water retrofit market potential has been diminished by a number of barriers, especially financial. In contrast, in other advanced economies there are several reported financing strategies that have been shown to accelerate retrofit projects implementation. In this study, a coupled Bayesian Network-System Dynamics model was developed with the core aim to assess the likely influence of those novel financing options and procurement procedures on public building retrofit outcomes scenarios in the Australian context. A particular case-study focusing on Australian public hospitals was showcased as an example in this paper. Stakeholder engagement was utilised to estimate likely preferences and to conceptualise causal relationships of model parameters. The scenario modelling showed that a revolving loan fund supporting an energy performance contracting procurement procedure was preferred. Subsequently, the specific features of this preferred framework were optimised to yield the greatest number of viable retrofit projects over the long term. The results indicated that such a financing scheme would lead to substantial abatement of energy and water consumption, as well as carbon emissions. The strategic scenario analysis approach developed herein provides evidence-based support to policy-makers advocating novel financing and procurement models for addressing a government's sustainability agenda in a financially responsible and netpositive manner.
Prebiotics are a class of substances that the gut flora breaks down. Interest in their link to ge... more Prebiotics are a class of substances that the gut flora breaks down. Interest in their link to general human health has grown in recent years. Their breakdown products include short-chain fatty acids that are released into the bloodstream and can feed the intestinal microbiota, which has an impact on not only the gastrointestinal tracts but also other distant organs. Scientists are seeking to industrially create prebiotics since meals naturally contain small amounts of fructo and galactooligosaccharides. Prebiotics appear to be intriguing possibilities for boosting human health as a substitute or in conjunction with probiotics, given their safety, health benefits, and advantages in manufacture and storage over probiotics. For the brain and neurocognitive system to grow normally, proper nourishment is essential. Early neurodevelopmental optimization can have significant long-term effects on both mental health and quality of life. The central and peripheral nervous systems continue to adapt and grow throughout life, even though the first 1000 days of life are the most crucial for neurodevelopment. Development and functioning have always been reliant on a variety of elements, including proper nourishment. In this review, we discuss the growing roles of polar lipids and high quality protein in the cognitive, emotional, and neurological development of newborns and young children.
Incorporating with Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) with PV farm to establish PV-Storage integ... more Incorporating with Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) with PV farm to establish PV-Storage integrated generation system is a promising solution to develop power quality of renewable energy. The prediction of very short-term generation and active demand response and dynamic state of charge (SOC) based optimum scheduling of HESS are the key points affecting system reliability and effectiveness of PV power. This paper proposes a short-term prediction and optimal scheduling-based energy management algorithm to coordinate among PV generation, HESS, and active demand response. The proposed algorithm composes of dynamic SOC, predicted PV-generation and power consumption, and real-time state of charge of the ESS. Firstly, based on long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithm, the historic data of PV power output is applied to develop the model to achieve good accuracy. Then, the output from the model are derived from the control algorithm to optimize the power flow in the system. The simulation results exhibit the effectiveness and robustness of the proposal.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), May 18, 2022
and DH are employed by CHDI Management, Inc. as advisors to CHDI Foundation, Inc., and declare no... more and DH are employed by CHDI Management, Inc. as advisors to CHDI Foundation, Inc., and declare no conflict of interest. CHDI Foundation is a nonprofit biomedical research organization exclusively dedicated to collaboratively developing therapeutics that substantially improve the lives of those affected by Huntington's disease. CHDI .
International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 2021
(1) Background: As a common problem, Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) is vastly experiencing by the ... more (1) Background: As a common problem, Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) is vastly experiencing by the present world and which is severe in Bangladesh. Nowadays the road traffic accidents have occurred by the tobacco consumption habits where mostly tobacco control law is avoided in Bangladesh. The study aims to investigate the effects of tobacco control law on road traffic accidents in Bangladesh. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study included 424 questionnaire surveys with drivers (bus and truck) and 10 KIIs. Chi-squared tests were used to measure differences between various parameters (related to tobacco control law and RTAs), while logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship among tobacco control law, RTA risk factors and socio-demographic features. (3) Results: This study result shows 75.9% of respondents are tobacco users where 76.4% have knowledge about tobacco control law. About 93.4% know that smoking in public transports is strongly prohibited by the law where 80.7% of them abide by the tobacco control law daily. Therefore, about 64.6% of respondents were involved in RTAs. A statistically significant association was found between RTAs and knowledge of drivers about tobacco control law (p>0.013) and having knowledge on "smoking in public transports is prohibited by the law" (OR=2.945, p=0.016) is also strongly associated with road traffic accidents. (4) Conclusion: A vast majority of the heavy vehicle drivers are well known about tobacco control law and they are obliged to the law in public transports with satisfactory level.
The rapid development of motorization in the city of Semarang caused an increase in congestion. T... more The rapid development of motorization in the city of Semarang caused an increase in congestion. This prompted the City of Semarang Government to provide adequate, safe and comfortable public transportation for the community. The public transportation service introduced in 2009 was a rapid transit system called the Trans Semarang Bus Rapid Transit (BRT). This study aims to measure the passenger’s level of satisfaction with and loyalty to Trans Semarang bus services. We measured satisfaction using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method. The satisfaction index is based on five dimensions of service quality, namely: physical, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The results showed the value of the CSI of 69.17 percent. This means that overall passenger satisfaction with the Trans Semarang bus service is still low. The level of passenger loyalty to Trans Semarang buses was measured by their intention to use the service in a sustainable manner is 78 percent. This means that if there is another alternative, the probability of leaving the Trans Semarang bus is 22 percent. The quality of Trans Semarang bus services still needs to be improved to increase passenger satisfaction with and loyalty to the bus services.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
& different countries of Europe. He is a pioneer of Endoscopic Ear surgery in Bangladesh. He acti... more & different countries of Europe. He is a pioneer of Endoscopic Ear surgery in Bangladesh. He activly perticipated in workshop, seminer, conference, Congress in different countries. He has more than 80 articles published in different national & international journals.More than 5 research works has been going on under his supervision in BSMMU.
Sinusitis is defined as a condition manifested by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose... more Sinusitis is defined as a condition manifested by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose & paranasal sinuses, fluid within this cavities and or underlying bone. Chronic rhinosinusitis is diagnosed by the presence of two or more of the following factors facial congestion/fullness, nasal obstruction, nasal discharge or discolored post nasal drainage, hyposmia/anosmia or one major and two of the following minor factors, headache. Halitosis, fatigue, dental pain, cough, ear pressure, fullness. The use of endoscope during surgery of nose & para nasal sinuses improves visualization enable greater preservation of normal structures and reduces the necessity for wide exposure. This cross-sectional study on 50 cases of chronic rhinosinusitis carried out during a period of 6 months. All the cases of both endonasal endoscopic sinus surgery (EESS) group and conventional group assessed clinically endoscopicaly and by imaging both pre and post-operative period. Twenty five cases were EESS group. Twenty five cases of conventional group. Follow-up frequencies are 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 1st month, 3rd months, 6th months. In both type majority of patients in between 21-40 years, most of the cases were male, majority of patients present with headache (80)%, nasal discharge (70%), nasal obstruction (62%), major indication incase of EESS group were ethmoidal polyp 52% & conventional surgery group were chronic sinusitis (56%). Commonest complications were cheek swelling 10(40%) incase of conventional group, crusting 12(84%) in EESS group. Complete recovery incase of EESS were in 21(84%) cases and conventional surgery group 16(64%). Endonasal endoscopic sinus surgery has provided a safe & efficient method for dealing with different sinonasal diseases.
Australia is founding its future on science and innovation. Its national science agency, CSIRO, i... more Australia is founding its future on science and innovation. Its national science agency, CSIRO, is a powerhouse of ideas, technologies and skills. CSIRO initiated the National Research Flagships to address Australia's major research challenges and opportunities. They apply large scale, long term, multidisciplinary science and aim for widespread adoption of solutions. The Flagship Collaboration Fund supports the best and brightest researchers to address these complex challenges through partnerships between CSIRO, universities, research agencies and industry. The Water for a Healthy Country Flagship aims to provide Australia with solutions for water resource management, creating economic gains of $3 billion per annum by 2030, while protecting or restoring our major water ecosystems.
When a laminar boundary layer encounters a strong enough adverse pressure gradient, it separates ... more When a laminar boundary layer encounters a strong enough adverse pressure gradient, it separates to form a laminar free shear layer. The separated shear layer undergoes transition to turbulent flow and the turbulent shear layer may reattach to form a closed laminar separation bubble. A second type of separation bubble is one that occurs after a backward-facing step, where the separation point is fixed. A family of suction-induced laminar separation bubbles on a smooth surface has been investigated by a spectral numerical method which solves the full 3D time-dependent incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. A comparison study with experimental results shows that the present simulations capture the main features associated with turbulent reattachment and the relaxing boundary layer that follows. The main observations downstream of reattachment are that the relaxation to an equilibrium boundary layer is very slow; Reynolds stresses are initially very high and change rapidly, eventually falling below the equilibrium boundary layer values. These observations suggest that there is a region of rapid distortion in the immediate vicinity of reattachment while further downstream there is a slowly decaying shear layer above the relaxing boundary layer.
Introduction Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) occurs during treatment with conventional radiat... more Introduction Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) occurs during treatment with conventional radiation in multiple organ sites. Development of RIL portends poor prognosis. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) spares RIL in pancreatic cancer, but has not been examined in other sites commonly treated with SBRT. This work examines if SBRT similarly spares RIL in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and methods Retrospective analysis was done at a single institution on 40 distinct cases of SBRT for early stage NSCLC from 2006-2017. Incidentally collected lymphocyte counts collected within 6 months of SBRT treatment were analyzed to determine if RIL occurred. The presence of RIL was correlated with location of initial failure and survival endpoints. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed with significance defined at the level p < 0.05. Results RIL was observed in 35% of the analyzed patients. Patterns of failure and survival data were comparable to prior SBRT literature. There was no observed association in two year local, nodal, or distant failure, progression free survival, or overall survival based on the presence of RIL. Discussion SBRT spares RIL in NSCLC compared to historical rates observed with conventionally fractionated radiation. As understanding of the role of the immune system in cancer control continues to evolve, the importance of RIL sparing techniques take on increasing importance. This study represents further analysis of RIL sparing in SBRT in an early stage NSCLC cohort without the confounding influence of chemotherapy.
Heat transfer through building opaque envelope is responsible for approximately half of the total... more Heat transfer through building opaque envelope is responsible for approximately half of the total heat loss and gain to and from the surroundings. Therefore, insulation materials are commonly used in the building envelope to reduce the heat transfer. Recently, lightweight wall materials with lower thermal conductivity are used in construction along with the commonly used materials such as heavy concrete and earthen materials. In this perspective, there is a need to understand the optimum insulation thickness for different types of building construction materials to minimize unnecessary usage of insulation materials. This study investigated the optimum insulation thickness for different construction materials following a life-cycle approach, where an analytical optimization methodology based on the degree-days method and life-cycle cost analysis was used. In total, 4 insulation materials and 15 building construction materials were considered in the optimization study. The objective function was to minimize life-cycle cost corresponding to the decision variables including insulation thickness and the thermal conductivity of insulation and wall materials. The results showed that the use of insulation in lightweight wall materials is not economically feasible because of their negligible
In Australia, the government spending on public buildings' energy and water consumption is consid... more In Australia, the government spending on public buildings' energy and water consumption is considerable; however the building energy and water retrofit market potential has been diminished by a number of barriers, especially financial. In contrast, in other advanced economies there are several reported financing strategies that have been shown to accelerate retrofit projects implementation. In this study, a coupled Bayesian Network-System Dynamics model was developed with the core aim to assess the likely influence of those novel financing options and procurement procedures on public building retrofit outcomes scenarios in the Australian context. A particular case-study focusing on Australian public hospitals was showcased as an example in this paper. Stakeholder engagement was utilised to estimate likely preferences and to conceptualise causal relationships of model parameters. The scenario modelling showed that a revolving loan fund supporting an energy performance contracting procurement procedure was preferred. Subsequently, the specific features of this preferred framework were optimised to yield the greatest number of viable retrofit projects over the long term. The results indicated that such a financing scheme would lead to substantial abatement of energy and water consumption, as well as carbon emissions. The strategic scenario analysis approach developed herein provides evidence-based support to policy-makers advocating novel financing and procurement models for addressing a government's sustainability agenda in a financially responsible and netpositive manner.
Prebiotics are a class of substances that the gut flora breaks down. Interest in their link to ge... more Prebiotics are a class of substances that the gut flora breaks down. Interest in their link to general human health has grown in recent years. Their breakdown products include short-chain fatty acids that are released into the bloodstream and can feed the intestinal microbiota, which has an impact on not only the gastrointestinal tracts but also other distant organs. Scientists are seeking to industrially create prebiotics since meals naturally contain small amounts of fructo and galactooligosaccharides. Prebiotics appear to be intriguing possibilities for boosting human health as a substitute or in conjunction with probiotics, given their safety, health benefits, and advantages in manufacture and storage over probiotics. For the brain and neurocognitive system to grow normally, proper nourishment is essential. Early neurodevelopmental optimization can have significant long-term effects on both mental health and quality of life. The central and peripheral nervous systems continue to adapt and grow throughout life, even though the first 1000 days of life are the most crucial for neurodevelopment. Development and functioning have always been reliant on a variety of elements, including proper nourishment. In this review, we discuss the growing roles of polar lipids and high quality protein in the cognitive, emotional, and neurological development of newborns and young children.
Incorporating with Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) with PV farm to establish PV-Storage integ... more Incorporating with Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) with PV farm to establish PV-Storage integrated generation system is a promising solution to develop power quality of renewable energy. The prediction of very short-term generation and active demand response and dynamic state of charge (SOC) based optimum scheduling of HESS are the key points affecting system reliability and effectiveness of PV power. This paper proposes a short-term prediction and optimal scheduling-based energy management algorithm to coordinate among PV generation, HESS, and active demand response. The proposed algorithm composes of dynamic SOC, predicted PV-generation and power consumption, and real-time state of charge of the ESS. Firstly, based on long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithm, the historic data of PV power output is applied to develop the model to achieve good accuracy. Then, the output from the model are derived from the control algorithm to optimize the power flow in the system. The simulation results exhibit the effectiveness and robustness of the proposal.
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