Papers by Luciana Spinelli
Impact of implementing quality control systems in laboratories associated with teaching and research institutions − The case study of the laboratory for macromolecules and colloids in the petroleum industry
International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering, 2022
Palygorskite and Solvatochromic Dye in Solid-State Colorimetric Devices for Rapid Assessment of the Amount of Water in Ethanol Fuel
SSRN Electronic Journal
Modelagem Matemática Da Separação Água-Óleo Em Um Separador Gravitacional Por CFD
Engenharia Química: princípios fundamentais, 2020
Characterization of Brazilian palygorskite (Guadalupe region) and adsorptive behaviour for solvatochromic dyes
Clay Minerals, 2021
This work presents the results of the physical characterization of palygorskite and its adsorptiv... more This work presents the results of the physical characterization of palygorskite and its adsorptive behaviour for three solvatochromic dyes (Nile blue chloride (NBC), methylene blue (MTB) and dithizone (DTZ)). Adsorption isotherms were used to determine the maximum adsorption of the solvatochromic dyes on the palygorskite. The characterization of palygorskite was carried out via mineralogical and chemical analysis with X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, surface-charge measurement (ζ-potential), thermogravimetric analysis, textural analysis and cation-exchange capacity analysis. The material consists of palygorskite and quartz and its chemistry is dominated by SiO2, MgO and Fe2O3. The specific surface area and cation-exchange capacity of the palygorskite are 142 m2 g–1 and 41 cmol(+) kg–1, respectively. The SEM and TEM analyses showed a fibrous structure with fibres...
Avaliação de Fluidos Base Aquosa Aditivados com o Tetrapolímero AADA100
Anais do 11º Congresso Brasileiro de Petróleo e Gás, 2022
Avaliação de Fluidos Base Aquosa Aditivados com o Tetrapolímero AADA100
Anais do 11º Congresso Brasileiro de Petróleo e Gás, 2022
Asphaltenes precipitation in the presence of carbon dioxide
Journal of Petroleum & Environmental Biotechnology, Jan 7, 2014
Química Nova
In this study, microparticles of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were produced to encapsulate cardanol, v... more In this study, microparticles of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were produced to encapsulate cardanol, varying molar mass of the polymer matrix, concentration of the emulsifier (PVA) and concentration of the chemical additive (cardanol). The droplet size distribution, polydispersity index, morphology, the interaction between cardanol and PLA, cardanol encapsulation efficiency and release profile of this chemical additive were assessed. The morphological characterization showed that the microparticles containing cardanol were presented as microcapsules up to a maximum cardanol concentration limit that could be incorporated. The addition of cardanol during the production of the microparticles led to an increase in the average diameter of the microparticles obtained, both those with low and high molar mass (MPLA3 and MPLA100, respectively), with the increase depending on the quantity of cardanol incorporated. DSC results showed a shift in melting point and a change in Tg and Tm with the incorporation of cardanol, suggesting an interaction between cardanol and PLA matrix. Higher encapsulation efficiency and slower release of cardanol were achieved when using microparticles with higher molar mass (MPLA100). The microparticles of MPLA100/1PVA/50C provided the slowest additive release among the formulations tested. Therefore, the processes for encapsulation and controlled release of cardanol in the PLA matrix were efficient.
Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering
Oilsands are suspended fine solids in bitumen in which asphaltenes become adsorbed on the surface... more Oilsands are suspended fine solids in bitumen in which asphaltenes become adsorbed on the surfaces of these particles, reducing the quality of the oil and hence generating higher costs for the oil industry. Since some polymers containing specific functional groups are able to interact with asphaltenes, it can be expected that these kinds of polymers are able to reduce the amount of asphaltene adsorbed. In this work, the performance of three (co)polymers, with different molar ratios of cardanol and styrene was evaluated in the adsorption process of a model system (pentane insoluble asphaltenes-C5I in kaolinite) monitored by ultraviolet-visible spectrometry. Kaolinite and asphaltene were characterized by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and the wettability of these samples was measured with a goniometer, before and after the adsorption process. The increase in polymer concentration (from 0.025 to 0.2%w/v) reduced the amount of adsorbed asphaltenes on kaolinite. Polycardanol homopolymer presented the best performance, indicating the important role of the hydroxyl group and pendent hydrocarbon chain on the adsorption of asphaltenes on kaolinite. The results evidence the potential of polycardanol, obtained from a renewable source, in the extraction process of bitumen from oil sand.
Solubility of Asphaltenes in Maltenes under Different Conditions
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
Polymers in the Production of Crude Oil: II. An Experimental Procedure to Prepare Polymeric Magnetic Nanocomposites
Petroleum production deserves more space than it has now in instruction in Materials Science and ... more Petroleum production deserves more space than it has now in instruction in Materials Science and Engineering and related disciplines. The tests proposed in this work involve the synthesis of polymeric magnetic nanocomposites which have been widely studied for removal of oil from contaminated water a common problem in the petroleum industry, especially for treatment of water and cleanup of oil spills. Conducting these experiments enables students to gain practical experience with the theoretical concepts involving the preparation of nanocomposites and magnetic nanoparticles, as well as in unit operations and adsorption phenomena related to the application of these systems.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2020
One of the methods to prevent wax precipitation, during petroleum production, transport, and refi... more One of the methods to prevent wax precipitation, during petroleum production, transport, and refining, is the use of polymer additives that can reduce the oil pour point. However, no single additive work for all types of crude oil and this relation is not yet well known. In this study, a family of polymers based on poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate), containing hydroxyl groups and long pendant hydrocarbon chains (from C6 to C18), were synthesized and characterized by H 1 nuclear magnetic resonance and solubility test. Four crude oil samples containing different amounts and size distribution of the wax were used. The additive's action is favored by higher contents of iso + cycloalkanes and lower contents of n-paraffins with larger chain sizes. The presence of the CH 3 COO group in the copolymers promoted the lowering of the pour point, supported by a low OH concentration and the presence of a long pendant hydrocarbon chain: the best results were obtained with C10 and C12 chain lengths.
Applied Clay Science, 2017
The organophilization of clays to increase interfacial interactions is a typical practice when th... more The organophilization of clays to increase interfacial interactions is a typical practice when the objective is its encapsulation with a polymer. This work intend to synthesize and characterize an organo-palygorskite-Fe 3 O 4 , to change the hydrophilicity of the material and investigate its efficiency in the removal of two anionic dyes from aqueous solution with the aim to use this material to treat wastewater contaminated with dyes. The organophilization of modified palygorskite-Fe 3 O 4 was done with a cationic surfactant (cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, CTAB) and the material obtained was characterized by XRF, SEM, XRD, FTIR, Nano Zetasizer, density, BET surface area, TGA/DTA and contact angle measurements. XRF and FTIR confirmed the presence of carbon in the modified palygorskite-Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles while XRD showed new crystalline phases from CTAB. Furthermore, a positive zeta potential value appeared and an inversion in the nanoparticles' hydrophobicity happened due to the increase of organic carbon content in the organo-palygorskite-Fe 3 O 4. The adsorbed anionic dye on organo-palygorskite-Fe 3 O 4 may be completely recovered by the action of a magnet, showing an excellent adsorptive property and economical alternative adsorbents to treat dye wastewater. The negative values calculated for the free energies of adsorption indicate that the adsorption of methyl orange and indigo carmine on the active sites of organo-palygorskite-Fe 3 O 4 surface was spontaneous and that the indigo carmine had the best interaction with the magnetic organo clay.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2017
Water contaminated by oil poses challenges to the management of water resources. Magnetic nanopar... more Water contaminated by oil poses challenges to the management of water resources. Magnetic nanoparticles has been issue of different potential applications including remotion oil from water. Magnetic polystyrene-palygorskite nanocomposites were prepared by a heterogeneous phase polymerization for the removal of organic contaminants from water. The organo-Fe 3 O 4-palygorskite nanoparticles were coated with polystyrene, forming water repellent and oil absorbing surfaces to promote the removal of oil from the surfaces of nanocomposites by applying an external magnetic field. X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, zeta potential and size distribution measurement, surface area determination by BET, density measurement by He pycnometry, carbon grade determination, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and evaluation of hydrophobicity by contact angle were used to characterize the nanoparticles. The magnetic nanocomposite obtained showed excellent hydrophobicity, around 788 contact angle. In addition, oil removal capability tests were also performed, according to which the preliminary results indicated removal of approximately 98% of oil in synthetic oily water samples. The oil-water separation using this magnetic nanocomposite provides a promising alternative strategy for water treatment. V
Minerals Engineering, 2016
Adding hydrophobic groups to polyacrylamide (PAM) flocculants improves flocculation and dewaterin... more Adding hydrophobic groups to polyacrylamide (PAM) flocculants improves flocculation and dewatering (settling, turbidity, capillary suction time and solids content after centrifugation) of mature fine tailings (MFT). In this study, we copolymerized different amounts of polypropylene oxide macromonomers (PPO) with acrylamide to produce PAM-PPO graft copolymers with different hydrophobicities and molecular weights. According to CST, turbidity and centrifugation results, the PAM-PPO copolymers dewatered and densified MFT more efficiently than a reference commercial anionic PAM supposedly because the PPO hydrophobic groups reduced the amount of water trapped inside the polymer floccules. Besides densifying and dewatering tailings more efficiently, the PAM-PPO copolymers had molecular weights ten times smaller than the reference anionic PAM flocculant, which reduced their viscosities and shear-sensitivities. As a result, it is easier to mix these copolymers with tailings under a wider window of operating conditions. We also observed that aged MFT (stored for approximately 10 months) were more easily dewatered, especially at high solids content (20 wt%). This behavior might be attributed to the evaporation of water, hydrocarbons, or other low molecular weight organic compounds. However, further studies are required to understand what and how chemical compositional changes alter the stability of MFT. The information generated in these studies could be used to design polymers that could target the MFT components responsible for its high stability and slow consolidation.
Alkanes Induced Asphaltene Precipitation Studies at High Pressure and Temperature in the Presence of Argon
Energy & Fuels, 2016
The continuous increase of petroleum production under adverse subsea conditions and the preeminen... more The continuous increase of petroleum production under adverse subsea conditions and the preeminent need for adequate operational conditions and efficient use of additives to warrant flow assurance makes it interesting to set up experimental procedures to carry out n-alkane precipitation studies under high-pressure (p) and high-temperature (T) conditions. In this contribution, some preliminary experimental studies developed to characterize asphaltene precipitation in model systems consisting of asphaltene solutions in toluene or mixtures of hydrocarbons by the addition of propane, n-heptane, or other alkanes at various pressures and temperatures, using a commercial compact equipment, are reported. In general terms, it was established that these tests follow the same pattern described at ambient p and T conditions and the one single study reported in the literature for a stock tank oil sample at 3000 psi and room T. Four crude oils of different characteristics were tested, using diluted or undiluted samples...
Polymers Applications in Petroleum Production
Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology, 2015
This article overviews the application of macromolecules in the various exploration and productio... more This article overviews the application of macromolecules in the various exploration and production operations of the petroleum industry. The main molecules utilized are presented as well as those with potential application in different functions, with a description of the operations in which they are used, their action mechanism and preliminary laboratory tests. Aspects related to the solubility of polymer additives are also covered since the polymers are used in liquid media (hydrophilic or hydrophobic), such that they have to be soluble to allow dispersal or suspension, depending on the action mechanism involved in each application. In the end, aspects of toxicity, economics, environmental impact, and occupational health and safety are discussed. Keywords: organic deposition inhibitors; drilling fluids; gas hydrates; water treatment; desmulsification
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2012
The production of crude oil containing emulsified water presents problems, for example the corros... more The production of crude oil containing emulsified water presents problems, for example the corrosion of transport systems and the poisoning of catalysts during the refining stage. The ease of separating water from petroleum varies with the aging of the emulsion; however, this issue has not been explored extensively in the literature. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between aging and stability of emulsions, to assess the contribution of certain variables such as asphaltene content and the variation in the size of water droplets in the emulsion, as well as the dynamic viscosity of the oily phases and emulsions. The effect of aging on the performance of a commercial demulsifying product was also evaluated. To this end, synthetic emulsions were prepared from Brazilian crude oil and from the dispersion of asphaltenes in different oily phases. The emulsions were evaluated immediately after preparation and every 15 days for a 60 days period. It was found that a high performance demulsifier can become inefficient in the treatment of aged emulsions causing serious damage to the petroleum treatment. The most significant effect of aging probably occurs because of changes in the internal structure of the emulsion, more specifically in the interfacial film, since there are no significant changes in the emulsified water content, in the droplet size distribution and in the dynamic viscosity of emulsions with the aging of the emulsion. The influence of the asphaltene content on the stability of emulsions was confirmed by the variation of the properties of the model emulsions containing different asphaltenes contents.
Synthetic-based aphrons: Correlation between properties and filtrate reduction performance
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2010
Aphrons fluids, because of their noninvasive characteristic, are indicated for drilling zones t... more Aphrons fluids, because of their noninvasive characteristic, are indicated for drilling zones that have multiple intercalations of depleted formations adjacent to formations that require high-density fluids. Aphrons are colloidal dispersions containing microbubbles, with cores ...
Chemistry & Chemical Technology, 2017
Aphrons were produced using nonionic surfactants by applying a differential pressure. Bubble size... more Aphrons were produced using nonionic surfactants by applying a differential pressure. Bubble size distribution was obtained from optical microscopy using FIJI-ImageJ2 program. The aim of this work was to correlate surfactants structures with aphrons properties (density and viscosity), size distribution and the number of bubbles. API fluid loss tests were based on standard proceedings specifications for water-based drilling fluids of Petrobras/Brazil. The structure of the nonionic surfactants showed a great influence on the fluid properties and the performance of the fluid contributing with a filtrate reduction up to 31% with the systems that were presented between 1088 and 1850 bubbles with diameters ranging from 33 to 104µm. These systems were produced by poly(ethylene oxide) with 7 ethylene oxide units, a poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide) with 6 ethylene oxide units and 3 propylene oxide units.
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Papers by Luciana Spinelli