Papers by Lora Bruyn-Martin
Developing design requirements and associated design concepts for a future C2 capability requires... more Developing design requirements and associated design concepts for a future C2 capability requires analytical tools with the power to provide design insights for systems that are first of a kind. This paper provides an overview of the principal results from applying a work-centred, constraint-based design framework, that is sensitive to such design challenges, to develop requirements for a future Joint Fires Coordination (JFC) system for the Canadian Forces (CF). In this envisioned system, all services in a joint CF operation will be able to call for fires on targets of opportunity, and the JFC capability (JFCC) will effectively integrate these calls into a fire plan and coordinate delivery of fires. Five Cognitive Systems Engineering analyses in the framework were used to acquire knowledge about JFCC work functions, processes and tasks, decision and situation awareness requirements, and information exchange needs. Several hundred design requirements and concepts, related to technolo...
A Non-Intrusive Alert System for Maritime Anomalies: Literature Review and the Development and Assessment of Interface Design Concepts (Systeme d'Alerte non Intrusive en cas d'Anomalies Maritimes: Examen de la Documentation et Elaboration/Evaluation de Concepts d'Interface)
This project involves the investigation of best practices for the development of design concepts ... more This project involves the investigation of best practices for the development of design concepts for a visualization aid, specifically an alerting system, which would increase the RMP operators? awareness and understanding of maritime anomalies in the RMP (e.g. vessel not heading to port, grab and dash fishing, etc.). Such an alerting system, however, must make operators aware of anomalies that may be present without impacting on the performance of their primary tasks. The objectives of this project were (i) to identify and analyse available literature relevant to nonintrusive alert systems, (ii) develop design concepts for a non-intrusive alerting interface to be used in GCCS-M and (iii) obtain feedback from Navy Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) on the suitability of the design options. The results of the literature review suggest that there is a lack of a unified design approach and associated recommendations for non-intrusive alerting contexts. Furthermore, there was no single paper...
The Joint Command Decision Support for the 21st Century Technology Demonstration (JCDS 21 TD) pro... more The Joint Command Decision Support for the 21st Century Technology Demonstration (JCDS 21 TD) project investigates individual and organizational factors, as well as technology, with respect to decision making. As part of the JCDS 21 TD work plan, it is necessary to gain an understanding of current scientific research on human decision making, individual differences, and the potential to identify consistent individual preferences for specific decision making styles. Research has indicated that a variety of individual factors affect the way in which people make decisions. In addition, individual strategies can be more or less suited to different kinds of task domains. Thus, it is important to develop an understanding of the individual differences in decision making strategies or approaches. This work seeks to identify separate decision strategies within an organized categorization scheme that is based on empirical research. This framework will serve as the basis for exploring the indi...
The so-called low-intensity conflicts in which Coalition forces are currently engaged in such as ... more The so-called low-intensity conflicts in which Coalition forces are currently engaged in such as the one in Afghanistan have forced departures in Close Air Support (CAS) practice from accepted US and NATO doctrine. That is, CAS in these environments relies much more on supporting ground troops with non-kinetic effects, and depends much more on effective combat identification (combat ID) in producing these effects as well as the kinetic effects (i.e., firepower) typically associated with CAS doctrine. As combat ID in CAS is mostly a product of team cognition processes, effective training and assessment methods are critical for ensuring effective combat ID in CAS missions. Here we discuss results of a behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)-based rating instrument we designed for the purpose of assessing the quality of team processes, based on behavioral markers for team cognition breakdowns (Wilson, Salas, Priest & Andrews, 2007), in distributed simulation-based CAS exercises for t...
Comparison of the Cf Doctrinal and Applied Operational Planning Process
Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 2006
Development and evaluation of an intuitive operations planning process for the Canadian Forces
PsycEXTRA Dataset, 2007
A formative approach to establishing work requirements for a future C2 system
2009 IEEE Toronto International Conference Science and Technology for Humanity (TIC-STH), 2009
Developing concepts to support cognitive work in a future complex sociotechnical system requires ... more Developing concepts to support cognitive work in a future complex sociotechnical system requires an approach, and supporting analytical tools, with the power to provide design insights for first-of-a-kind systems. This work explored using a work-centred, constraint-based design framework to identify design requirements and propose design concepts for a future, optimized Joint Fires Coordination (JFC) capability for the Canadian Forces. The
A Tool to Evaluate Information Exchange in a Joint, Interagency, Multinational, and Public (JIMP) Environment
PsycEXTRA Dataset, 2000
The intent of this project was to develop and test a database of questions that could be used to ... more The intent of this project was to develop and test a database of questions that could be used to assess information exchange within a team-of-teams operating in a Joint, Interagency, Multinational, and Public (JIMP) environment. This work involved an initial identification of ...
Comparison of the CF doctrinal and applied operational planning process
PsycEXTRA Dataset, 2000
Avoiding Friendly Fire: Constructing Behaviorally-Anchored Rating Scales to Assess Team Cognition in Distributed Mission Training for Close Air Support
PsycEXTRA Dataset, 2000
Development and Evaluation of an Intuitive Operational Planning Process
Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 2007
Blended solutions for counter-IED training
Abstract Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are a major threat to coalition troops in recent asy... more Abstract Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are a major threat to coalition troops in recent asymmetric conflicts such as Afghanistan. Soldiers still rely heavily on their own senses to detect and assess IED threats, requiring good IED awareness training methods. Three ...
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Papers by Lora Bruyn-Martin