... Native Americans and archaeologists: Stepping stones to common ground. Post a Comment. CONTRI... more ... Native Americans and archaeologists: Stepping stones to common ground. Post a Comment. CONTRIBUTORS: Author: Swidler, Nina. PUBLISHER: AltaMira Press (Walnut Creek). SERIES TITLE: YEAR: 1997. PUB TYPE: Book (ISBN 0761989005 ). VOLUME/EDITION: ...
... Native Americans and archaeologists: Stepping stones to common ground. Post a Comment. CONTRI... more ... Native Americans and archaeologists: Stepping stones to common ground. Post a Comment. CONTRIBUTORS: Author: Swidler, Nina. PUBLISHER: AltaMira Press (Walnut Creek). SERIES TITLE: YEAR: 1997. PUB TYPE: Book (ISBN 0761989005 ). VOLUME/EDITION: ...
... Comment. Museums apply pesticides to preserve perishable objects, and arsenic was widely used... more ... Comment. Museums apply pesticides to preserve perishable objects, and arsenic was widely used as a museum pesticide from the 1800s through the 1970s. ... 2 The greatest acute danger would be to a young child who chewed on a significantly contaminated object. ...
... ISBN: 0909611416 Language Text: English References: Includes bibliographical references Subje... more ... ISBN: 0909611416 Language Text: English References: Includes bibliographical references Subject Keywords English: Animal remains (Archaeology); Archaeology; Taphonomy; Anthropometry Originating Institution: GCI Location of Document: GCI GCI Classification Number ...
The article by Billman et al. contributes to a growing body of data that demonstrates the complex... more The article by Billman et al. contributes to a growing body of data that demonstrates the complex variability of the Pueblo world during the twelfth century. Although the article's title promises a comprehensive review of major cultural and environmental processes (drought, warfare, cannibalism, regional interactions), relatively little theory regarding these processes informs their research design, and much of their interpretation is based on weak inferences. Their empirical data are not used to test alternative hypotheses or rigorously examine expectations derived from modeling. Dynamic aspects of cultural patterns relating to migration, settlement, environment, abandonment, mortuary behaviors, conflict, and group identity are implicated in their research but are not adequately contextualized. Our response to the study by Billman et al. is intended to provide a critical yet constructive commentary, propose fresh ways of thinking about what assemblages of disarticulated and bro...
Mitigation of adverse impacts to archaeological resources within cultural resource management (CR... more Mitigation of adverse impacts to archaeological resources within cultural resource management (CRM) is commonly achieved through a data recovery plan. Under this venue, the primary significance of a given site is its evaluation under NRHP Criterion D-its information potential. Rarely is consideration given to the emotional, psychological, and spiritual values descendant Native American communities attribute to these places in relation to their importance under other criteria. The associative relationships and integrity of traditional religious and cultural practices connected to sites are often overlooked because the identification of significance and values of archaeological sites is defined by Euro-American intellectual and value-laden frameworks. Even if one claims "scientific objectivity" as one's guiding principle, implementation of such practices without regard for Native American perspectives are clear violations of NHPA mandates. Balanced design of mitigation measures is seriously lacking from CRM practice, resulting in descendant communities being continually disenfranchised through the silencing of their voice in the management of their own heritage and inheritance. This article examines this issue from the perspective of the Pueblo of Zuni and how Zuni successfully worked with the Bureau of Reclamation to design a strategy for resolving adverse effects that is meaningful and beneficial to the Zuni.
Close Document Image Close Document Printer Image Print This Document! Conservation Information N... more Close Document Image Close Document Printer Image Print This Document! Conservation Information Network (BCIN). Author: Biolsi, Thomas; Zimmerman, Larry J. Title of Source: Indians and anthropologists : Vine Deloria, Jr ...
Archaeologists and Native Americans apply different concepts to classify ancient groups of people... more Archaeologists and Native Americans apply different concepts to classify ancient groups of people who lived in the past. This is a topic of current interest because many archaeologists in the United States are now having to determine the cultural affiliation of the materials they study to comply with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act. The Hopi and Zuni tribes in the American Southwest are used as case examples to examine how and why archaeological and tribal views of cultural affiliation are divergent. We suggest anthropological perspectives of culture need to be reintegrated into archaeological theory in collaboration with Native Americans in order to interpret the past in a manner that is both useful and interesting to the multiple audiences interested in our work.
... Native Americans and archaeologists: Stepping stones to common ground. Post a Comment. CONTRI... more ... Native Americans and archaeologists: Stepping stones to common ground. Post a Comment. CONTRIBUTORS: Author: Swidler, Nina. PUBLISHER: AltaMira Press (Walnut Creek). SERIES TITLE: YEAR: 1997. PUB TYPE: Book (ISBN 0761989005 ). VOLUME/EDITION: ...
... Native Americans and archaeologists: Stepping stones to common ground. Post a Comment. CONTRI... more ... Native Americans and archaeologists: Stepping stones to common ground. Post a Comment. CONTRIBUTORS: Author: Swidler, Nina. PUBLISHER: AltaMira Press (Walnut Creek). SERIES TITLE: YEAR: 1997. PUB TYPE: Book (ISBN 0761989005 ). VOLUME/EDITION: ...
... Comment. Museums apply pesticides to preserve perishable objects, and arsenic was widely used... more ... Comment. Museums apply pesticides to preserve perishable objects, and arsenic was widely used as a museum pesticide from the 1800s through the 1970s. ... 2 The greatest acute danger would be to a young child who chewed on a significantly contaminated object. ...
... ISBN: 0909611416 Language Text: English References: Includes bibliographical references Subje... more ... ISBN: 0909611416 Language Text: English References: Includes bibliographical references Subject Keywords English: Animal remains (Archaeology); Archaeology; Taphonomy; Anthropometry Originating Institution: GCI Location of Document: GCI GCI Classification Number ...
The article by Billman et al. contributes to a growing body of data that demonstrates the complex... more The article by Billman et al. contributes to a growing body of data that demonstrates the complex variability of the Pueblo world during the twelfth century. Although the article's title promises a comprehensive review of major cultural and environmental processes (drought, warfare, cannibalism, regional interactions), relatively little theory regarding these processes informs their research design, and much of their interpretation is based on weak inferences. Their empirical data are not used to test alternative hypotheses or rigorously examine expectations derived from modeling. Dynamic aspects of cultural patterns relating to migration, settlement, environment, abandonment, mortuary behaviors, conflict, and group identity are implicated in their research but are not adequately contextualized. Our response to the study by Billman et al. is intended to provide a critical yet constructive commentary, propose fresh ways of thinking about what assemblages of disarticulated and bro...
Mitigation of adverse impacts to archaeological resources within cultural resource management (CR... more Mitigation of adverse impacts to archaeological resources within cultural resource management (CRM) is commonly achieved through a data recovery plan. Under this venue, the primary significance of a given site is its evaluation under NRHP Criterion D-its information potential. Rarely is consideration given to the emotional, psychological, and spiritual values descendant Native American communities attribute to these places in relation to their importance under other criteria. The associative relationships and integrity of traditional religious and cultural practices connected to sites are often overlooked because the identification of significance and values of archaeological sites is defined by Euro-American intellectual and value-laden frameworks. Even if one claims "scientific objectivity" as one's guiding principle, implementation of such practices without regard for Native American perspectives are clear violations of NHPA mandates. Balanced design of mitigation measures is seriously lacking from CRM practice, resulting in descendant communities being continually disenfranchised through the silencing of their voice in the management of their own heritage and inheritance. This article examines this issue from the perspective of the Pueblo of Zuni and how Zuni successfully worked with the Bureau of Reclamation to design a strategy for resolving adverse effects that is meaningful and beneficial to the Zuni.
Close Document Image Close Document Printer Image Print This Document! Conservation Information N... more Close Document Image Close Document Printer Image Print This Document! Conservation Information Network (BCIN). Author: Biolsi, Thomas; Zimmerman, Larry J. Title of Source: Indians and anthropologists : Vine Deloria, Jr ...
Archaeologists and Native Americans apply different concepts to classify ancient groups of people... more Archaeologists and Native Americans apply different concepts to classify ancient groups of people who lived in the past. This is a topic of current interest because many archaeologists in the United States are now having to determine the cultural affiliation of the materials they study to comply with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act. The Hopi and Zuni tribes in the American Southwest are used as case examples to examine how and why archaeological and tribal views of cultural affiliation are divergent. We suggest anthropological perspectives of culture need to be reintegrated into archaeological theory in collaboration with Native Americans in order to interpret the past in a manner that is both useful and interesting to the multiple audiences interested in our work.
Standard compliance with the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) often disenfranchises Nati... more Standard compliance with the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) often disenfranchises Native Americans from their heritage. NHPA over the past 50 years has privileged a particular Anglo-centric, Western science perspective. This is particularly true of archaeological resources. The resulting scope and content of significance determinations for historic properties, as well as the strategies and methods for their management, reflect this subjective viewpoint. The perspectives, attitudes, and values of culturally diverse Native people, in turn, are seldom engaged in meaningful dialog to establish the historical and cultural foundations for orienting the American people writ large. The ideals behind the NHPA that birthed the Section 106 process were well intended, but the process as it has been and is applied by federal agencies has left Native Americans to deal with the unfair ramifications of its biased application. The federal process does not currently encourage a meaningful, negotiated agreement with traditional communities regarding how an agency evaluates significance, effect, or designs appropriate treatment measures to Native American heritage resources. This workshop explores these underlying biases and assumptions that are inherent in the standard compliance process. Workshop participants will be challenged to design creative, innovative ways of complying with the NHPA that creates a more inclusive and equitable environment for Native people.
A dominant view in cultural resource management is that the archaeological record and its materia... more A dominant view in cultural resource management is that the archaeological record and its material culture have much to offer in the creation of scientific data, elucidating the past, and contributing to cross-disciplinary scientific studies. This dominant view is indelibly grounded in the ontology and epistemology of Western science, which gives little consideration of how this perspective negatively impacts indigenous communities. Indigenous community members view themselves as more than the descendants of past people who lived in their homeland landscapes. The material culture found in these places is their inheritance, and descendent communities possess stewardship obligations to their ancestors. Employing our experience with the Zuni and Acoma people, this paper explores the multiple ways that dominant forms of archaeological data collection and management hegemonize Native Americans' notions of time, space, and materiality. Moreover, the process of compiling and managing archaeological collections unintentionally perpetuates colonial violence on indigenous communities and individuals through the theft of cultural materials that belong to the ancestors. These actions effectively erase Native Americans' connections to the landscape. The archaeological, cultural resource management and curation communities have ethical responsibilities to descendant community members because they are not just representatives of sovereign nations, they are also fellow Americans.
Archaeological collaboration with traditional Pueblo communities faces many practical challenges.... more Archaeological collaboration with traditional Pueblo communities faces many practical challenges. Archaeologists typically expect cultural practitioners to accept what archaeology entails as a scientific discipline and its approach to understanding the past. Within traditional Pueblo perspectives, archaeological excavation might not be an appropriate measure for mitigating adverse effect in the federal Section 106 compliance process. Rather than asserting the primacy of their preferences and values, archaeologists should be receptive to indigenous perceptions and attitudes about what archaeology is and what archaeology does. Hearing can facilitate the opening of communication avenues for cross-cultural explorations into the multiplicity of truths about the past.
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