Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus, 2018
Dotychczasowe badania suszy na terenie naszego kraju praktycznie pomijały aspekt niedoboru wód gr... more Dotychczasowe badania suszy na terenie naszego kraju praktycznie pomijały aspekt niedoboru wód gruntowych, a koncentrowały się na suszach atmosferycznej, rolniczej i hydrologicznej. Dlatego jako cel niniejszej pracy przyjęto przeprowadzenie analizy występowania susz wód gruntowych w wybranych punktach Polski południowo-zachodniej, w oparciu o metody analityczne stosowane w innych krajach europejskich. Celem pośrednim była ocena możliwości wykorzystania metody odcięcia TLM oraz wskaźnika SGI do monitorowania suszy wód gruntowych na postawie danych z państwowego monitoringu środowiska prowadzonego przez Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy. Wynikiem badań jest stwierdzenie, że zaproponowana metoda i wskaźnik mogą być wykorzystane w analizach dotyczących suszy w Polsce. Uzyskane wyniki stanowią uzupełnienie dotychczasowych informacji na temat susz w Polsce w ostatnim 30-leciu. Analizy wykazały, że w latach 90. XX wieku wystąpiła nie tylko susza atmosferyczna i r...
Reliable long-term groundwater level (GWL) prediction is essential to assess the availability of ... more Reliable long-term groundwater level (GWL) prediction is essential to assess the availability of resources and the risk to drinking water supply in changing climatic and socio-economic conditions, especially in areas with water deficits. The modern approach in this area involves the use of machine learning methods. However, the greatest challenge in these methods lies in the optimization of input selection. The presented research concerns the selection of the best combination of predictors using the Hellwig method. It served as a preprocessing technique before GWL prediction using support vector regression (SVR) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) for three wells in the Greater Poland Province, where the largest water deficits occur, in the period 1975–2014. The results of this method were compared with those of the regression method, general regression model. For the case study under investigation, the Hellwig method provided the best set of predictors consisted of GWL at lags of −1 an...
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Formatio Circumiectus, 2019
Aim of study The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between groundwater level, droug... more Aim of study The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between groundwater level, drought at aquifer, precipitation deficit and high air temperature. Materials and methods The analyses were developed on the basis of data from the Faculty of Agro-and Hydrometeorology Observatory of the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences in Wrocław-Swojec covering years 1969-2017. Data were provided by measurements of groundwater level as well as temperature and precipitation. Using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for precipitation and Standardized Temperature Index (STI) for temperature, periods with precipitation deficit and raised temperature were identified. The research also determined the relation between these indicators and groundwater level. Drought periods at groundwater level have been estimated using a Standardized Groundwater Level Index (SGI). Results and conclusions Analysis of the relationship between STI and the groundwater level showed low correlation. The air temperature as a single factor has no clear impact on the groundwater level at the shallowestaquifer. For precipitation, the strongest relationship appeared between SPI6 and the groundwater level. Seasonal meteorological drought has the greatest impact on decreasing the groundwater level. It was found that an extremely dry period with SPI registered <-2 caused a decrease of the groundwater table in
The paper presents the initial studies with the aim to assess the possibility to apply of Standar... more The paper presents the initial studies with the aim to assess the possibility to apply of Standardized Precipitation Index SPI to monitor drought in surface and groundwaters. The fact that data about precipitation are highly available allows for precise monitoring of the periods of occurrence and intensification of meteorological drought by determining the standardized SPI index. The evaluation of current water deficits in surface water courses and groundwaters is very difficult due to the fact that the measurement network is relatively scarce. In order to apply SPI to monitor hydrological and hydrogeological drought, it is required to assess the significance and level of the correlation between drought indices in the test area and then to calculate the probability of correct determination of drought in surface and groundwaters with use of SPI.
This study presents an attempt to apply the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method for the deter... more This study presents an attempt to apply the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method for the determination of the most beneficial concept of development of a barrage. The main focus of the analysis was the influence of the civil engineering structure on various elements of the environment. The AHP method was applied to analyse the influence of specific scenarios on environmental elements and on the overall objective. Basing on the analysis, local and global priorities were determined for individual elements of the created decision tree, which allowed us to select the most beneficial scenario. The scenarios referred to the existing hydraulic structures located on the rivers Głomia, Gwda and Prosna. In order to verify the obtained results, calculations of the consistency of the importance evaluations for specific criteria were performed.
Silnie rozwijającym się kierunkiem badań i analiz środowiskowych jest modelowanie matematyczne. D... more Silnie rozwijającym się kierunkiem badań i analiz środowiskowych jest modelowanie matematyczne. Daje ono olbrzymie możliwości obliczeniowe i analityczne. Dzięki zastosowaniu modelowania ogranicza się czas pracy oraz nakłady finansowe na badania. Przykładem aplikacji umożliwiającej odwzorowanie złożonych warunków hydrodynamicznych małego cieku jest CCHE2D. W niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawiono główne założenia i wytyczne do zamodelowania parametrów cieku. Do najważniejszych efektów końcowych, które uzyskano należą mapy głębokości cieku i pola prędkości wody. Dają one podstawę do prognozowania warunków przepływu wody w różnych warunkach oraz podczas projektowana regulacji i zagospodarowania cieku.
The present dissertation discusses the results of studies on the influence of the tailing pond „Ż... more The present dissertation discusses the results of studies on the influence of the tailing pond „Żelazny Most” on local climate. It analyses the measurements of air humidity, air temperature and wind speed recorded with use of automated meteorological stations Maws 101 manufactured by Vaisala, located in the proximity of the copper tailing pond „Żelazny Most” and at the station of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management in Polkowice, in the years 2003 – 2009. Measurements were taken at four stations: „Tarnówek”, „Zapora”, „Kalinówka” and „Rudna”, placed in different locations in relation to the deposit, and „Polkowice”, representing the standard conditions, free from the influence of the object. The influence of the tailing pond on local climate was evaluated with use of statistical methods, of which the most important are: the analysis of mean monthly and hourly values, daily course, frequency distribution, as well as the analysis of differences and testing statistical hyp...
Soils, having a well−developed sequence of A and Bw horizons, are widespread on the uplifted mari... more Soils, having a well−developed sequence of A and Bw horizons, are widespread on the uplifted marine terrace 8-12 m a.s.l. in the proximity of Nottinghambukta Bay. The present−day origin of these soils is however questionable, while similarly developed soils, but buried under the cover of the youngest till were found on a forefield of the Werenskiold Glacier. To quantify an intensity of the soil−forming process under present climate condi− tions of SW Spitsbergen, the chronosequence of soils developed from the Recent, up to 70 year−old moraines, was studied on the forefield of Werenskiold Glacier. Significant dis− solution of CaCO 3 , decrease of pH, leaching of calcium and magnesium, increase of amor− phous iron content, as well as an accumulation of organic matter and initial formation of ag− gregate soil structure were observed within the surface layer of recent till. The 70 year−long period of pedogenesis was, however, too short for a distinct morphological differentiation of the subsurface B horizon. It is concluded, that deep and structural Bw horizons of some surface and buried soils are relicts of a much longer period of relatively warm climate be− fore the last transgression of glaciers.
The paper assesses the human health risk for users of allotment gardens in Wrocław. The assessmen... more The paper assesses the human health risk for users of allotment gardens in Wrocław. The assessment is made on the basis of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Zn) hazard. It takes the two main routes of exposure into account: accidental ingestion of contaminated soil and dermal contact with contaminated soil. Attention was focused on recreational scenario of hazard. The methods used have been recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Results of the analysis show the highest value of the hazard index can be observed for children, in the allotment gardens located in Wroclaw-Grabiszyn, in the area of environmental impact of Hutmen factory.
As a result of increasing water deficits, low nutritional safety, and environmental degradation, ... more As a result of increasing water deficits, low nutritional safety, and environmental degradation, the need to implement sustainable water usage and improve current water management practices became a priority. The changes in the hydroclimatic regimen towards more intense yet less frequent rainfall that have been observed in recent years increase the risk of drought. This leads to the need to mitigate this risk and to reduce the effects of repeated, consecutive periods of water shortage. The main aim of the study is to present the method of quantification of uncertain events, such as extreme groundwater levels. Following the probabilistic theory of extreme values, the authors verified the hypotheses: both the scale and nature of groundwater risk significantly change in the studied period and over the past 40 years, a rise in the groundwater drought risk in the Odra River Basin has been observed. The application of probabilistic method allowed to draw interesting conclusions groundwate...
As a result of increasing water deficits, low nutritional safety, and environmental degradation, ... more As a result of increasing water deficits, low nutritional safety, and environmental degradation, the need to implement sustainable water usage and improve current water management practices became a priority. The changes in the hydroclimatic regimen towards more intense yet less frequent rainfall that have been observed in recent years increase the risk of drought. This leads to the need to mitigate this risk and to reduce the effects of repeated, consecutive periods of water shortage. The objective of article was to present a method for assessing the risk of occurrence of groundwater drought based on the distributions of extreme values of groundwater levels. This goal was achieved, which was shown on the examples of selected observation points of the groundwater level in the catchment of the Odra River. Based on the obtained results, it was demonstrated that the application of the distributions of extreme groundwater level values to assess the risk of occurrence of groundwater drou...
The human exposure to groundwater pollution was assessed. Environmental health risk estimation du... more The human exposure to groundwater pollution was assessed. Environmental health risk estimation during drought period was made. Drought can contribute to an increased environmental health risk.
The climate change that has been observed in recent years has affected the water balance, includi... more The climate change that has been observed in recent years has affected the water balance, including the groundwater resources recharge. The paper is an attempt to evaluate the groundwater recharge in dry years. The initial stage of the research consisted of selecting the years when meteorological and hydrological droughts occurred, with use of the standardized indices Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Water Level Index (SWI). With the use of the WetSpass model for selected periods and for comparative long-term periods the volume of groundwater recharge was estimated. It was determined that the meteorological drought of 1982 led to a considerable decrease in the mean groundwater recharge to a negative level in the summer half-year in the Western Pomeranian region in Poland. On the other hand, the winter season was characterised by positive values, but they were still lower than those characteristic for the comparative long-term periods. The hydrological drought in 1992 did not have such noticeable consequences.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Formatio Circumiectus, 2016
Streszczenie. Artykuł przedstawia przestrzenne zróżnicowanie niżówki hydrogeologicznej w rejonie ... more Streszczenie. Artykuł przedstawia przestrzenne zróżnicowanie niżówki hydrogeologicznej w rejonie Pomorza Zachodniego. Za niżówkę uznaje się okres wyznaczony metodą zaproponowaną przez Kazimierskiego. Do oceny wykorzystane zostały wartości progowe położenia zwierciadła wód podziemnych, obliczone na podstawie wyników wieloletnich obserwacji, mających bezpośrednie odniesienie do głównych poziomów wód i stref stanów wód. Okresy charakteryzujące się wystąpieniem niżówki podzielono pod kątem niżówki płytkiej i głębokiej. W wyniku prac uzyskano charakterystykę wystąpień niżówki hydrogeologicznej oraz mapy zróżnicowania jej częstości.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Formatio Circumiectus, 2019
Previous studies of drought in Poland practically neglected the aspect of groundwater shortage, f... more Previous studies of drought in Poland practically neglected the aspect of groundwater shortage, focusing on atmospheric, agricultural and hydrological drought. Therefore, the aim of this work was groundwater drought analysis in selected sites of SouthWestern Poland, based on the analytical methods used in other European countries. The intermediate objective was to assess the possibility of using the TLM method and the SGI for monitoring groundwater drought based on data from the National Geological Institute-National Research Institute. Investigations demonstrated that both methods gave results that complemented existing information on droughts in Poland in the last 30 years. Studies show that in the 1990s there was groundwater drought, not only atmospheric and agricultural drought described by Bąk and Łabędzki (2002), Bobiński, Meyer (1992, 1992), Bartczak (2014).
Our article presents the results of research aimed at determining the effect of precipitation on ... more Our article presents the results of research aimed at determining the effect of precipitation on the level of the groundwater table and the impact of meteorological drought on the hydrogeological groundwater level in the area of Kujawy and Wielkopolska in the years 1981-2015. Monthly sums of precipitation came from Bydgoszcz and Poznan. Underground water table levels were measured by the Geological Institute in the area of Kujawy, near Bydgoszcz (Solec Kujawski and Jagodowo) and in the area of Wielkopolska (Stęszew and Czachurki). The drought periods were determined on the basis of standardized precipitation index (SPI), meteorology drought, and standardized groundwater level (SGI) in four time scales (6, 12, 24, and 48 months). The results confirmed the findings of other authors that there is no linear relationship between the terms of meteorological drought and hydrogeological groundwater drought. The relatively low value of correlation coefficients between SPI and SGI indices show that the groundwater droughts are affected by other factors independent of rainfall. The relationships between the climatic conditions and the level of the water table as well as groundwater droughts were determined by the properties of the aquifer.
Według prowadzonych badań na skutek zmian klimatycznych, następuje zwiększanie się ilości obszaró... more Według prowadzonych badań na skutek zmian klimatycznych, następuje zwiększanie się ilości obszarów dotkniętych suszą oraz wydłużanie się okresów suszy przy jednoczesnym wzroście jej intensywności. Skutkiem suszy jest niedostateczne tempo odnawiania zasobów wód podziemnych, a konsekwencją tego zjawiska jest zmniejszenie dopływu wody do źródeł i spadek i ich wydajności. Aby możliwa była ocena skutków zmian klimatu, w kontekście dostępności zasobów wodnych, konieczne jest zbadanie i opisanie zależności między czynnikami meteorologicznymi a warunkami hydrologicznymi. Dlatego w niniejszej pracy podjęto próbę opisania relacji między wydajnością źródeł w południowo-zachodniej Polsce a niedoborem opadów. Obliczono współczynniki korelacji między wydajnością źródeł a wskaźnikiem SPI w różnych skalach czasowych. Najwyższy poziom reakcji stwierdzono w przypadku wydajności i niedoborów opadów o okresie kumulowania 6 miesięcy (SPI-6).
This paper presents the results of analyzes of water samples taken from individual water wells in... more This paper presents the results of analyzes of water samples taken from individual water wells intended for supplying households in non-urbanized areas with low population and infrastructure density. Relatively high concentrations of harmful pollutants were found in ground waters of the examined spots located in the suburban areas which may increase the risk of health incidents in exposed populations. Based on long-term measurements carried out in individual spots and toxicological data, the individual health risks related to carcinogenic effects in humans were assessed, resulting from direct ingestion of such water and from dermal contact. Non-carcinogenic hazard levels were determined, as well. In this work a novel approach to health risk assessment was proposed. It consists of determining the risks that range between minimum and possible maximum values. In the case of limited traceability of a pollutant the maximum and minimum risk values were derived from the limit of quantifica...
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus, 2018
Dotychczasowe badania suszy na terenie naszego kraju praktycznie pomijały aspekt niedoboru wód gr... more Dotychczasowe badania suszy na terenie naszego kraju praktycznie pomijały aspekt niedoboru wód gruntowych, a koncentrowały się na suszach atmosferycznej, rolniczej i hydrologicznej. Dlatego jako cel niniejszej pracy przyjęto przeprowadzenie analizy występowania susz wód gruntowych w wybranych punktach Polski południowo-zachodniej, w oparciu o metody analityczne stosowane w innych krajach europejskich. Celem pośrednim była ocena możliwości wykorzystania metody odcięcia TLM oraz wskaźnika SGI do monitorowania suszy wód gruntowych na postawie danych z państwowego monitoringu środowiska prowadzonego przez Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy. Wynikiem badań jest stwierdzenie, że zaproponowana metoda i wskaźnik mogą być wykorzystane w analizach dotyczących suszy w Polsce. Uzyskane wyniki stanowią uzupełnienie dotychczasowych informacji na temat susz w Polsce w ostatnim 30-leciu. Analizy wykazały, że w latach 90. XX wieku wystąpiła nie tylko susza atmosferyczna i r...
Reliable long-term groundwater level (GWL) prediction is essential to assess the availability of ... more Reliable long-term groundwater level (GWL) prediction is essential to assess the availability of resources and the risk to drinking water supply in changing climatic and socio-economic conditions, especially in areas with water deficits. The modern approach in this area involves the use of machine learning methods. However, the greatest challenge in these methods lies in the optimization of input selection. The presented research concerns the selection of the best combination of predictors using the Hellwig method. It served as a preprocessing technique before GWL prediction using support vector regression (SVR) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) for three wells in the Greater Poland Province, where the largest water deficits occur, in the period 1975–2014. The results of this method were compared with those of the regression method, general regression model. For the case study under investigation, the Hellwig method provided the best set of predictors consisted of GWL at lags of −1 an...
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Formatio Circumiectus, 2019
Aim of study The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between groundwater level, droug... more Aim of study The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between groundwater level, drought at aquifer, precipitation deficit and high air temperature. Materials and methods The analyses were developed on the basis of data from the Faculty of Agro-and Hydrometeorology Observatory of the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences in Wrocław-Swojec covering years 1969-2017. Data were provided by measurements of groundwater level as well as temperature and precipitation. Using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for precipitation and Standardized Temperature Index (STI) for temperature, periods with precipitation deficit and raised temperature were identified. The research also determined the relation between these indicators and groundwater level. Drought periods at groundwater level have been estimated using a Standardized Groundwater Level Index (SGI). Results and conclusions Analysis of the relationship between STI and the groundwater level showed low correlation. The air temperature as a single factor has no clear impact on the groundwater level at the shallowestaquifer. For precipitation, the strongest relationship appeared between SPI6 and the groundwater level. Seasonal meteorological drought has the greatest impact on decreasing the groundwater level. It was found that an extremely dry period with SPI registered <-2 caused a decrease of the groundwater table in
The paper presents the initial studies with the aim to assess the possibility to apply of Standar... more The paper presents the initial studies with the aim to assess the possibility to apply of Standardized Precipitation Index SPI to monitor drought in surface and groundwaters. The fact that data about precipitation are highly available allows for precise monitoring of the periods of occurrence and intensification of meteorological drought by determining the standardized SPI index. The evaluation of current water deficits in surface water courses and groundwaters is very difficult due to the fact that the measurement network is relatively scarce. In order to apply SPI to monitor hydrological and hydrogeological drought, it is required to assess the significance and level of the correlation between drought indices in the test area and then to calculate the probability of correct determination of drought in surface and groundwaters with use of SPI.
This study presents an attempt to apply the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method for the deter... more This study presents an attempt to apply the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method for the determination of the most beneficial concept of development of a barrage. The main focus of the analysis was the influence of the civil engineering structure on various elements of the environment. The AHP method was applied to analyse the influence of specific scenarios on environmental elements and on the overall objective. Basing on the analysis, local and global priorities were determined for individual elements of the created decision tree, which allowed us to select the most beneficial scenario. The scenarios referred to the existing hydraulic structures located on the rivers Głomia, Gwda and Prosna. In order to verify the obtained results, calculations of the consistency of the importance evaluations for specific criteria were performed.
Silnie rozwijającym się kierunkiem badań i analiz środowiskowych jest modelowanie matematyczne. D... more Silnie rozwijającym się kierunkiem badań i analiz środowiskowych jest modelowanie matematyczne. Daje ono olbrzymie możliwości obliczeniowe i analityczne. Dzięki zastosowaniu modelowania ogranicza się czas pracy oraz nakłady finansowe na badania. Przykładem aplikacji umożliwiającej odwzorowanie złożonych warunków hydrodynamicznych małego cieku jest CCHE2D. W niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawiono główne założenia i wytyczne do zamodelowania parametrów cieku. Do najważniejszych efektów końcowych, które uzyskano należą mapy głębokości cieku i pola prędkości wody. Dają one podstawę do prognozowania warunków przepływu wody w różnych warunkach oraz podczas projektowana regulacji i zagospodarowania cieku.
The present dissertation discusses the results of studies on the influence of the tailing pond „Ż... more The present dissertation discusses the results of studies on the influence of the tailing pond „Żelazny Most” on local climate. It analyses the measurements of air humidity, air temperature and wind speed recorded with use of automated meteorological stations Maws 101 manufactured by Vaisala, located in the proximity of the copper tailing pond „Żelazny Most” and at the station of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management in Polkowice, in the years 2003 – 2009. Measurements were taken at four stations: „Tarnówek”, „Zapora”, „Kalinówka” and „Rudna”, placed in different locations in relation to the deposit, and „Polkowice”, representing the standard conditions, free from the influence of the object. The influence of the tailing pond on local climate was evaluated with use of statistical methods, of which the most important are: the analysis of mean monthly and hourly values, daily course, frequency distribution, as well as the analysis of differences and testing statistical hyp...
Soils, having a well−developed sequence of A and Bw horizons, are widespread on the uplifted mari... more Soils, having a well−developed sequence of A and Bw horizons, are widespread on the uplifted marine terrace 8-12 m a.s.l. in the proximity of Nottinghambukta Bay. The present−day origin of these soils is however questionable, while similarly developed soils, but buried under the cover of the youngest till were found on a forefield of the Werenskiold Glacier. To quantify an intensity of the soil−forming process under present climate condi− tions of SW Spitsbergen, the chronosequence of soils developed from the Recent, up to 70 year−old moraines, was studied on the forefield of Werenskiold Glacier. Significant dis− solution of CaCO 3 , decrease of pH, leaching of calcium and magnesium, increase of amor− phous iron content, as well as an accumulation of organic matter and initial formation of ag− gregate soil structure were observed within the surface layer of recent till. The 70 year−long period of pedogenesis was, however, too short for a distinct morphological differentiation of the subsurface B horizon. It is concluded, that deep and structural Bw horizons of some surface and buried soils are relicts of a much longer period of relatively warm climate be− fore the last transgression of glaciers.
The paper assesses the human health risk for users of allotment gardens in Wrocław. The assessmen... more The paper assesses the human health risk for users of allotment gardens in Wrocław. The assessment is made on the basis of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Zn) hazard. It takes the two main routes of exposure into account: accidental ingestion of contaminated soil and dermal contact with contaminated soil. Attention was focused on recreational scenario of hazard. The methods used have been recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Results of the analysis show the highest value of the hazard index can be observed for children, in the allotment gardens located in Wroclaw-Grabiszyn, in the area of environmental impact of Hutmen factory.
As a result of increasing water deficits, low nutritional safety, and environmental degradation, ... more As a result of increasing water deficits, low nutritional safety, and environmental degradation, the need to implement sustainable water usage and improve current water management practices became a priority. The changes in the hydroclimatic regimen towards more intense yet less frequent rainfall that have been observed in recent years increase the risk of drought. This leads to the need to mitigate this risk and to reduce the effects of repeated, consecutive periods of water shortage. The main aim of the study is to present the method of quantification of uncertain events, such as extreme groundwater levels. Following the probabilistic theory of extreme values, the authors verified the hypotheses: both the scale and nature of groundwater risk significantly change in the studied period and over the past 40 years, a rise in the groundwater drought risk in the Odra River Basin has been observed. The application of probabilistic method allowed to draw interesting conclusions groundwate...
As a result of increasing water deficits, low nutritional safety, and environmental degradation, ... more As a result of increasing water deficits, low nutritional safety, and environmental degradation, the need to implement sustainable water usage and improve current water management practices became a priority. The changes in the hydroclimatic regimen towards more intense yet less frequent rainfall that have been observed in recent years increase the risk of drought. This leads to the need to mitigate this risk and to reduce the effects of repeated, consecutive periods of water shortage. The objective of article was to present a method for assessing the risk of occurrence of groundwater drought based on the distributions of extreme values of groundwater levels. This goal was achieved, which was shown on the examples of selected observation points of the groundwater level in the catchment of the Odra River. Based on the obtained results, it was demonstrated that the application of the distributions of extreme groundwater level values to assess the risk of occurrence of groundwater drou...
The human exposure to groundwater pollution was assessed. Environmental health risk estimation du... more The human exposure to groundwater pollution was assessed. Environmental health risk estimation during drought period was made. Drought can contribute to an increased environmental health risk.
The climate change that has been observed in recent years has affected the water balance, includi... more The climate change that has been observed in recent years has affected the water balance, including the groundwater resources recharge. The paper is an attempt to evaluate the groundwater recharge in dry years. The initial stage of the research consisted of selecting the years when meteorological and hydrological droughts occurred, with use of the standardized indices Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Water Level Index (SWI). With the use of the WetSpass model for selected periods and for comparative long-term periods the volume of groundwater recharge was estimated. It was determined that the meteorological drought of 1982 led to a considerable decrease in the mean groundwater recharge to a negative level in the summer half-year in the Western Pomeranian region in Poland. On the other hand, the winter season was characterised by positive values, but they were still lower than those characteristic for the comparative long-term periods. The hydrological drought in 1992 did not have such noticeable consequences.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Formatio Circumiectus, 2016
Streszczenie. Artykuł przedstawia przestrzenne zróżnicowanie niżówki hydrogeologicznej w rejonie ... more Streszczenie. Artykuł przedstawia przestrzenne zróżnicowanie niżówki hydrogeologicznej w rejonie Pomorza Zachodniego. Za niżówkę uznaje się okres wyznaczony metodą zaproponowaną przez Kazimierskiego. Do oceny wykorzystane zostały wartości progowe położenia zwierciadła wód podziemnych, obliczone na podstawie wyników wieloletnich obserwacji, mających bezpośrednie odniesienie do głównych poziomów wód i stref stanów wód. Okresy charakteryzujące się wystąpieniem niżówki podzielono pod kątem niżówki płytkiej i głębokiej. W wyniku prac uzyskano charakterystykę wystąpień niżówki hydrogeologicznej oraz mapy zróżnicowania jej częstości.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Formatio Circumiectus, 2019
Previous studies of drought in Poland practically neglected the aspect of groundwater shortage, f... more Previous studies of drought in Poland practically neglected the aspect of groundwater shortage, focusing on atmospheric, agricultural and hydrological drought. Therefore, the aim of this work was groundwater drought analysis in selected sites of SouthWestern Poland, based on the analytical methods used in other European countries. The intermediate objective was to assess the possibility of using the TLM method and the SGI for monitoring groundwater drought based on data from the National Geological Institute-National Research Institute. Investigations demonstrated that both methods gave results that complemented existing information on droughts in Poland in the last 30 years. Studies show that in the 1990s there was groundwater drought, not only atmospheric and agricultural drought described by Bąk and Łabędzki (2002), Bobiński, Meyer (1992, 1992), Bartczak (2014).
Our article presents the results of research aimed at determining the effect of precipitation on ... more Our article presents the results of research aimed at determining the effect of precipitation on the level of the groundwater table and the impact of meteorological drought on the hydrogeological groundwater level in the area of Kujawy and Wielkopolska in the years 1981-2015. Monthly sums of precipitation came from Bydgoszcz and Poznan. Underground water table levels were measured by the Geological Institute in the area of Kujawy, near Bydgoszcz (Solec Kujawski and Jagodowo) and in the area of Wielkopolska (Stęszew and Czachurki). The drought periods were determined on the basis of standardized precipitation index (SPI), meteorology drought, and standardized groundwater level (SGI) in four time scales (6, 12, 24, and 48 months). The results confirmed the findings of other authors that there is no linear relationship between the terms of meteorological drought and hydrogeological groundwater drought. The relatively low value of correlation coefficients between SPI and SGI indices show that the groundwater droughts are affected by other factors independent of rainfall. The relationships between the climatic conditions and the level of the water table as well as groundwater droughts were determined by the properties of the aquifer.
Według prowadzonych badań na skutek zmian klimatycznych, następuje zwiększanie się ilości obszaró... more Według prowadzonych badań na skutek zmian klimatycznych, następuje zwiększanie się ilości obszarów dotkniętych suszą oraz wydłużanie się okresów suszy przy jednoczesnym wzroście jej intensywności. Skutkiem suszy jest niedostateczne tempo odnawiania zasobów wód podziemnych, a konsekwencją tego zjawiska jest zmniejszenie dopływu wody do źródeł i spadek i ich wydajności. Aby możliwa była ocena skutków zmian klimatu, w kontekście dostępności zasobów wodnych, konieczne jest zbadanie i opisanie zależności między czynnikami meteorologicznymi a warunkami hydrologicznymi. Dlatego w niniejszej pracy podjęto próbę opisania relacji między wydajnością źródeł w południowo-zachodniej Polsce a niedoborem opadów. Obliczono współczynniki korelacji między wydajnością źródeł a wskaźnikiem SPI w różnych skalach czasowych. Najwyższy poziom reakcji stwierdzono w przypadku wydajności i niedoborów opadów o okresie kumulowania 6 miesięcy (SPI-6).
This paper presents the results of analyzes of water samples taken from individual water wells in... more This paper presents the results of analyzes of water samples taken from individual water wells intended for supplying households in non-urbanized areas with low population and infrastructure density. Relatively high concentrations of harmful pollutants were found in ground waters of the examined spots located in the suburban areas which may increase the risk of health incidents in exposed populations. Based on long-term measurements carried out in individual spots and toxicological data, the individual health risks related to carcinogenic effects in humans were assessed, resulting from direct ingestion of such water and from dermal contact. Non-carcinogenic hazard levels were determined, as well. In this work a novel approach to health risk assessment was proposed. It consists of determining the risks that range between minimum and possible maximum values. In the case of limited traceability of a pollutant the maximum and minimum risk values were derived from the limit of quantifica...
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