Biases to 20-species lists are discussed, and it is recommended that the method is not employed b... more Biases to 20-species lists are discussed, and it is recommended that the method is not employed before a computer modlling study has evaluated its efficiency.
Vocal analysis confirms that male song of the west Amazonian form of Blackish Antbird Cercomacra ... more Vocal analysis confirms that male song of the west Amazonian form of Blackish Antbird Cercomacra nigrescens fuscicauda differs distinctly from songs of other forms of the species including in areas where their ranges meet, an indication that fuscicauda is reproductively isolated from adjacent taxa. Elevating fuscicauda to species rank leaves C. nigrescens with disjunct but vocally fairly similar populations.
The nominate subspecies of the Paramo Tapaculo (Scytalopus canus Chapman), which is restricted to... more The nominate subspecies of the Paramo Tapaculo (Scytalopus canus Chapman), which is restricted to high elevations of the Western Andes of Colombia, differs substantially in song from S. c. opacus from the Central Andes of Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru. In accordance with current taxonomy of the genus, which is primarily based on differences in song, we assign species rank to both taxa. Within opacus, birds from southernmost Ecuador and northernmost Peru sing like northern opacus but call differently. They are indistinguishable morphologically except for a white patch in the wing present in 10 out of 12 of the adult males of the southern population. We describe this population as a new taxon and rank it as a subspecies of S. opacus. Genetically, S. canus, nominate S. opacus, and the new taxon are strongly differentiated (>5% divergence in mtDNA); the first two appear to be sister taxa. Resumen [Una revisión taxonómica del Tapaculo de Páramo Scytalopus canus (Aves: Rhinocryptidae), con una descripción de una nueva subespecie de Ecuador y Perú] La taxonomía a nivel de especies de muchos tapaculos del género Scytalopus (Aves: Rhinocryptidae) no ha sido aclarada. La subespecie nominal del Tapaculo de Páramo (Scytalopus canus Chapman), que se encuentra restringida a las elevaciones altas de la Cordillera Occidental de los Andes de Colombia, difiere sustancialmente en el canto en comparación con S. c. opacus de la Cordillera Central de Colombia, Ecuador y el norte de Perú. De acuerdo con la taxonomía actual del género, la cual se basa principalmente en diferencias en el canto, le asignamos el rango de especie a ambos taxones. Las aves del extremo sur de Ecuador y el extremo norte de Perú cantan como opacus pero tienen reclamos diferentes. Éstas son indistinguibles de opacus en su morfología, excepto porque 10 de 12 machos adultos presentan un parche blanco en cada ala. Describimos esta población como un nuevo taxón, que tratamos como una subespecie de S. opacus debido a la similitud de sus cantos y morfología. Sin embargo, análisis adicionales podrían indicar que merecen tratarse como especies diferentes. Genéticamente, S. canus, la forma nominal de S. opacus y el taxón nuevo están marcadamente diferenciados (>5% de divergencia en ADN mitocondrial); las primeras dos formas parecen ser hermanas.
Henicorhina negreti is reported from the the Department of Antioquia in the Western Andes of Colo... more Henicorhina negreti is reported from the the Department of Antioquia in the Western Andes of Colombia, 350 km north of the type-locality. This finding implies that the species is much more widespread than previously thought, and calls for a re-examination of its conservation status.
— A group of several Andean Parakeet (Bolborhynchus orbygnesius) individuals was observed, photog... more — A group of several Andean Parakeet (Bolborhynchus orbygnesius) individuals was observed, photographed and tape-recorded at Finca El Candado, near Los Cardones National Park, Salta Province, northwestern Argentina. There is no previously published record of Andean Parakeet from south of Cochabamba, Bolivia, although there is a tape-recording from Tarija, Bo-livia, which is about 350 km north-northwest of Finca El Candado. Additionally, there is an undocumented record of a group of birds 218 km north-northwest of Finca El Candado, between Valle Colorado and Santa Ana, in Jujuy Province, Argentina. Birds were coming to roost in a large stick nest that did not look like any described nest. We do not know if the parrots had constructed this nest entirely or partly, or if it had been made by other bird species. Future research will clarify if Andean Parakeet commonly uses stick nests for roosting, if it breeds in them, and if it is responsible for or contributes to their construction.
Resumo: Aves coletadas por P. W. Lund e J. T. Reinhardt no sudeste do Brasil entre 1825 e 1855, c... more Resumo: Aves coletadas por P. W. Lund e J. T. Reinhardt no sudeste do Brasil entre 1825 e 1855, com notas sobre as viagens de P. W. Lund no Rio de Janeiro. Dados sobre a coleção de aves feita por P. W. Lund e J. T. Reinhardt, entre 1825 e 1855, no sudeste do Brasil são divulgados. Incluindo‑ se 500 espécimes coletados nos estados do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, muitos dos quais ainda inéditos. Um relato detalhado sobre o itinerário de Lund no estado do Rio de Janeiro é fornecido, baseado em informações de seus rótulos de espécimes, seu catálogo de aves coletadas e correspondências pessoais. PalavRas-Chave: P. W. Lund e J. T. Reinhardt; coleção de aves no sudeste do Brasil. abstRaCt: Data are given for birds collected in south‑eastern Brazil by P. W. Lund and J. T. Reinhardt between 1825 and 1855, including 500 specimens from the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, many of which had remained unpublished. A detailed account is given of Lund's itinerary in Rio de Janeiro state, based on information from his specimen labels, bird catalogue, and personal letters. KeyWoRds: P. W. Lund and J. T. Reinhardt; bird collection from southeast Brazil.
We conducted an ornithological survey of Páramo de Frontino, the largest páramo in the Western An... more We conducted an ornithological survey of Páramo de Frontino, the largest páramo in the Western Andes of Colombia and rarely visited by ornithologists. Here we present the first records from this cordillera of Geranoaetus melanoleucus, Hapalopsittaca amazonina, Lurocalis rufiventris, Grallaria alleni, Myornis senilis, and Notiochelidon flavipes, as well as Uropsalis segmentata, Acestrura mulsant, and Leptopogon rufipectus. The latter three had been previously recorded from southern Antioquia, but had remained unpublished. We also obtained significant latitudinal range extensions for 23 species and altitudinal extensions of 300 m or more are given for 26 species. The avian biogeography of the cordillera is discussed and an annotated list given of the species recorded during the survey
Species limits in the Andean hummingbird genus Urosticte have been in doubt for over a century, w... more Species limits in the Andean hummingbird genus Urosticte have been in doubt for over a century, with one to three species having been recognized by different authors. The source of disagreement is the description of U. intermedia by Taczanowski in 1882 from NE Peru, a form supposedly intermediate between the Pacific-slope benjamini and the Amazonian-slope ruficrissa. Based on examination of the extant material of intermedia and distribution of all forms, we conclude that intermedia represents a mutant phenotype in a population of ruficrissa and thus has no taxonomic validity; we recommend recognition of benjamini and ruficrissa as distinct species, and further conclude that there is no basis for inclusion of benjamini in the avifauna of Peru
After being known only from the type specimen, an immature male, for over 50 years, the Dusky Sta... more After being known only from the type specimen, an immature male, for over 50 years, the Dusky Starfrontlet Coeligena orina was rediscovered en 2004 at the type locality and another site 70 km to the south in the Western Andes of Colombia. Four specimens were collected, permitting the rst descriptions of the adult male and female plumages. From these specimens we conclude that C. orina is a distinct species, probably most closely related to C. bonapartei and C. lutetiae, rather than a subspecies of the former (as it has been considered in much recent literature). It differs more in plumage colors and measurements from C. bonapartei, than do the races of the latter among themselves; the differences are comparable in magnitude to those between bonapartei and the sympatric C. helianthea. C. orina appears to be restricted to eln forest and the páramo-forest ecotone between ca. 3100 and 3500 m in the northern part of the Western Andes. The type locality of Páramo Frontino is currently threatened, and effective protection measures are urgently needed. We recommend that based upon estimates of its current population size and limited available habitat, C. orina be classied as Critically Endangered .
A new species of New World flycatcher in the genus Myiopagis (Aves, Tyrannidae, Elaeniinae) is de... more A new species of New World flycatcher in the genus Myiopagis (Aves, Tyrannidae, Elaeniinae) is described from Andean submontane forest of eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru. It appears to be most closely related to M. caniceps of lower elevations and more distantly to M. gaimar.lii, with which it is syntopic.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, a... more JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].
We describe a striking new species of Grallaria antpitta from wet, upper subtropical forest in th... more We describe a striking new species of Grallaria antpitta from wet, upper subtropical forest in the upper Rio Chinchipe drainage, provincia Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador Notes on its natural history and molecular systematics are presented along with spectrograms of its voice. The species is readily diagnosed by its large size, unique white facial markings, and voice. Initial results from DNA sequence analyses place the new species in a well-supported clade that includes Grallaria nuchalis (which is syntopic with the new species, G. hypoleuca, G. watkinsi, and G. ruficapilla.
The taxonomy of the genus Scytalopus (Aves; Rhinocryptidae) is revised. Full descriptions of the ... more The taxonomy of the genus Scytalopus (Aves; Rhinocryptidae) is revised. Full descriptions of the 10 Ecuadorian taxa are given, with some indication of their annual cycle, and details of their vocalizations, habitats, and geographical distribution. Notes are given on all extralimital forms, and a new taxonomy based on vocal data, and often supported by new distributional and genetic data, is proposed. The number of species in the genus rises from 11 to 37, two or three of which remain unnamed. Two additional populations are identified as being distinct, but their geographical distributions have not been satisfactorily delimited. Sonograms of most taxa are presented. Three new species are named and described. Full species status is proposed for most taxa ranked as subspecies by Zimmer (1939) and Peters (1951). Several of these species have sympatric distributions, and others have different songs. Allopatric taxa with the same body mass and elevational distributions, and with relatively similar, but yet distinctive songs are united into superspecies.
Biases to 20-species lists are discussed, and it is recommended that the method is not employed b... more Biases to 20-species lists are discussed, and it is recommended that the method is not employed before a computer modlling study has evaluated its efficiency.
Vocal analysis confirms that male song of the west Amazonian form of Blackish Antbird Cercomacra ... more Vocal analysis confirms that male song of the west Amazonian form of Blackish Antbird Cercomacra nigrescens fuscicauda differs distinctly from songs of other forms of the species including in areas where their ranges meet, an indication that fuscicauda is reproductively isolated from adjacent taxa. Elevating fuscicauda to species rank leaves C. nigrescens with disjunct but vocally fairly similar populations.
The nominate subspecies of the Paramo Tapaculo (Scytalopus canus Chapman), which is restricted to... more The nominate subspecies of the Paramo Tapaculo (Scytalopus canus Chapman), which is restricted to high elevations of the Western Andes of Colombia, differs substantially in song from S. c. opacus from the Central Andes of Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru. In accordance with current taxonomy of the genus, which is primarily based on differences in song, we assign species rank to both taxa. Within opacus, birds from southernmost Ecuador and northernmost Peru sing like northern opacus but call differently. They are indistinguishable morphologically except for a white patch in the wing present in 10 out of 12 of the adult males of the southern population. We describe this population as a new taxon and rank it as a subspecies of S. opacus. Genetically, S. canus, nominate S. opacus, and the new taxon are strongly differentiated (>5% divergence in mtDNA); the first two appear to be sister taxa. Resumen [Una revisión taxonómica del Tapaculo de Páramo Scytalopus canus (Aves: Rhinocryptidae), con una descripción de una nueva subespecie de Ecuador y Perú] La taxonomía a nivel de especies de muchos tapaculos del género Scytalopus (Aves: Rhinocryptidae) no ha sido aclarada. La subespecie nominal del Tapaculo de Páramo (Scytalopus canus Chapman), que se encuentra restringida a las elevaciones altas de la Cordillera Occidental de los Andes de Colombia, difiere sustancialmente en el canto en comparación con S. c. opacus de la Cordillera Central de Colombia, Ecuador y el norte de Perú. De acuerdo con la taxonomía actual del género, la cual se basa principalmente en diferencias en el canto, le asignamos el rango de especie a ambos taxones. Las aves del extremo sur de Ecuador y el extremo norte de Perú cantan como opacus pero tienen reclamos diferentes. Éstas son indistinguibles de opacus en su morfología, excepto porque 10 de 12 machos adultos presentan un parche blanco en cada ala. Describimos esta población como un nuevo taxón, que tratamos como una subespecie de S. opacus debido a la similitud de sus cantos y morfología. Sin embargo, análisis adicionales podrían indicar que merecen tratarse como especies diferentes. Genéticamente, S. canus, la forma nominal de S. opacus y el taxón nuevo están marcadamente diferenciados (>5% de divergencia en ADN mitocondrial); las primeras dos formas parecen ser hermanas.
Henicorhina negreti is reported from the the Department of Antioquia in the Western Andes of Colo... more Henicorhina negreti is reported from the the Department of Antioquia in the Western Andes of Colombia, 350 km north of the type-locality. This finding implies that the species is much more widespread than previously thought, and calls for a re-examination of its conservation status.
— A group of several Andean Parakeet (Bolborhynchus orbygnesius) individuals was observed, photog... more — A group of several Andean Parakeet (Bolborhynchus orbygnesius) individuals was observed, photographed and tape-recorded at Finca El Candado, near Los Cardones National Park, Salta Province, northwestern Argentina. There is no previously published record of Andean Parakeet from south of Cochabamba, Bolivia, although there is a tape-recording from Tarija, Bo-livia, which is about 350 km north-northwest of Finca El Candado. Additionally, there is an undocumented record of a group of birds 218 km north-northwest of Finca El Candado, between Valle Colorado and Santa Ana, in Jujuy Province, Argentina. Birds were coming to roost in a large stick nest that did not look like any described nest. We do not know if the parrots had constructed this nest entirely or partly, or if it had been made by other bird species. Future research will clarify if Andean Parakeet commonly uses stick nests for roosting, if it breeds in them, and if it is responsible for or contributes to their construction.
Resumo: Aves coletadas por P. W. Lund e J. T. Reinhardt no sudeste do Brasil entre 1825 e 1855, c... more Resumo: Aves coletadas por P. W. Lund e J. T. Reinhardt no sudeste do Brasil entre 1825 e 1855, com notas sobre as viagens de P. W. Lund no Rio de Janeiro. Dados sobre a coleção de aves feita por P. W. Lund e J. T. Reinhardt, entre 1825 e 1855, no sudeste do Brasil são divulgados. Incluindo‑ se 500 espécimes coletados nos estados do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, muitos dos quais ainda inéditos. Um relato detalhado sobre o itinerário de Lund no estado do Rio de Janeiro é fornecido, baseado em informações de seus rótulos de espécimes, seu catálogo de aves coletadas e correspondências pessoais. PalavRas-Chave: P. W. Lund e J. T. Reinhardt; coleção de aves no sudeste do Brasil. abstRaCt: Data are given for birds collected in south‑eastern Brazil by P. W. Lund and J. T. Reinhardt between 1825 and 1855, including 500 specimens from the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, many of which had remained unpublished. A detailed account is given of Lund's itinerary in Rio de Janeiro state, based on information from his specimen labels, bird catalogue, and personal letters. KeyWoRds: P. W. Lund and J. T. Reinhardt; bird collection from southeast Brazil.
We conducted an ornithological survey of Páramo de Frontino, the largest páramo in the Western An... more We conducted an ornithological survey of Páramo de Frontino, the largest páramo in the Western Andes of Colombia and rarely visited by ornithologists. Here we present the first records from this cordillera of Geranoaetus melanoleucus, Hapalopsittaca amazonina, Lurocalis rufiventris, Grallaria alleni, Myornis senilis, and Notiochelidon flavipes, as well as Uropsalis segmentata, Acestrura mulsant, and Leptopogon rufipectus. The latter three had been previously recorded from southern Antioquia, but had remained unpublished. We also obtained significant latitudinal range extensions for 23 species and altitudinal extensions of 300 m or more are given for 26 species. The avian biogeography of the cordillera is discussed and an annotated list given of the species recorded during the survey
Species limits in the Andean hummingbird genus Urosticte have been in doubt for over a century, w... more Species limits in the Andean hummingbird genus Urosticte have been in doubt for over a century, with one to three species having been recognized by different authors. The source of disagreement is the description of U. intermedia by Taczanowski in 1882 from NE Peru, a form supposedly intermediate between the Pacific-slope benjamini and the Amazonian-slope ruficrissa. Based on examination of the extant material of intermedia and distribution of all forms, we conclude that intermedia represents a mutant phenotype in a population of ruficrissa and thus has no taxonomic validity; we recommend recognition of benjamini and ruficrissa as distinct species, and further conclude that there is no basis for inclusion of benjamini in the avifauna of Peru
After being known only from the type specimen, an immature male, for over 50 years, the Dusky Sta... more After being known only from the type specimen, an immature male, for over 50 years, the Dusky Starfrontlet Coeligena orina was rediscovered en 2004 at the type locality and another site 70 km to the south in the Western Andes of Colombia. Four specimens were collected, permitting the rst descriptions of the adult male and female plumages. From these specimens we conclude that C. orina is a distinct species, probably most closely related to C. bonapartei and C. lutetiae, rather than a subspecies of the former (as it has been considered in much recent literature). It differs more in plumage colors and measurements from C. bonapartei, than do the races of the latter among themselves; the differences are comparable in magnitude to those between bonapartei and the sympatric C. helianthea. C. orina appears to be restricted to eln forest and the páramo-forest ecotone between ca. 3100 and 3500 m in the northern part of the Western Andes. The type locality of Páramo Frontino is currently threatened, and effective protection measures are urgently needed. We recommend that based upon estimates of its current population size and limited available habitat, C. orina be classied as Critically Endangered .
A new species of New World flycatcher in the genus Myiopagis (Aves, Tyrannidae, Elaeniinae) is de... more A new species of New World flycatcher in the genus Myiopagis (Aves, Tyrannidae, Elaeniinae) is described from Andean submontane forest of eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru. It appears to be most closely related to M. caniceps of lower elevations and more distantly to M. gaimar.lii, with which it is syntopic.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, a... more JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].
We describe a striking new species of Grallaria antpitta from wet, upper subtropical forest in th... more We describe a striking new species of Grallaria antpitta from wet, upper subtropical forest in the upper Rio Chinchipe drainage, provincia Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador Notes on its natural history and molecular systematics are presented along with spectrograms of its voice. The species is readily diagnosed by its large size, unique white facial markings, and voice. Initial results from DNA sequence analyses place the new species in a well-supported clade that includes Grallaria nuchalis (which is syntopic with the new species, G. hypoleuca, G. watkinsi, and G. ruficapilla.
The taxonomy of the genus Scytalopus (Aves; Rhinocryptidae) is revised. Full descriptions of the ... more The taxonomy of the genus Scytalopus (Aves; Rhinocryptidae) is revised. Full descriptions of the 10 Ecuadorian taxa are given, with some indication of their annual cycle, and details of their vocalizations, habitats, and geographical distribution. Notes are given on all extralimital forms, and a new taxonomy based on vocal data, and often supported by new distributional and genetic data, is proposed. The number of species in the genus rises from 11 to 37, two or three of which remain unnamed. Two additional populations are identified as being distinct, but their geographical distributions have not been satisfactorily delimited. Sonograms of most taxa are presented. Three new species are named and described. Full species status is proposed for most taxa ranked as subspecies by Zimmer (1939) and Peters (1951). Several of these species have sympatric distributions, and others have different songs. Allopatric taxa with the same body mass and elevational distributions, and with relatively similar, but yet distinctive songs are united into superspecies.
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Papers by Niels Krabbe