Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 1, 2003
A central tenet of cognitive theories of depression implicates the organization of self-referenti... more A central tenet of cognitive theories of depression implicates the organization of self-referential material in the depressive process. However, few studies have extended beyond the examination of cognitive products and processes to assess the interconnectedness of the depressive selfschema. Clinically depressed participants completed a computerized measure of the cognitive organization of positive and negative adjectives. Participants organized adjectives according to two dimensions (i.e., valence and self-descriptiveness), and an interstimulus distance index of interconnectedness was computed. The sample was divided into two groups to assess whether differential organization was associated with the number of previous episodes individuals had experienced. Analyses indicated that the patient groups did not differ from one another on demographic characteristics, severity of symptomatology or comorbidity. Those individuals with more recurrent depression demonstrated significantly greater organization of negative content and less interconnectedness of positive content than those with less recurrent depression. The implications of these results for the organization of cognitive content in depression are discussed and directions for future research are provided.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly disabling and typically runs a recurrent course. Knowle... more Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly disabling and typically runs a recurrent course. Knowledge about prevention of relapse and recurrence is crucial to the long-term welfare of people who suffer from this disorder. This article provides an overview of the current evidence for the prevention of relapse and recurrence using psychological interventions. We first describe a conceptual framework to preventive interventions based on: acute treatment; continuation treatment, or; prevention strategies for patients in remission. In brief, cognitivebehavioral interventions, delivered during the acute phase, appear to have an enduring effect that protects patients against relapse and perhaps others from recurrence following treatment termination. Similarly, continuation treatment with either cognitive therapy or perhaps interpersonal psychotherapy appears to reduce risk for relapse and maintenance treatment appears to reduce risk for recurrence. Preventive relapse strategies like preventive cognitive therapy or mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) applied to patients in remission protects against subsequent relapse and perhaps recurrence. There is some preliminary evidence of specific mediation via changing the content or the process of cognition. Continuation CT and preventive interventions started after remission (CBT, MBCT) seem to have the largest differential effects for individuals that need them the most. Those who have the greatest risk for relapse and recurrence including patients with unstable remission, more previous episodes, potentially childhood trauma, early age of onset. These prescriptive indications, if confirmed in future research, may point the way to personalizing prevention strategies. Doing so, may maximize the efficiency with which they are applied and have the potential to target the mechanisms that appear to underlie these effects. This may help make this prevention strategies more efficacious.
Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, May 6, 2020
Background:There is no published evidence about the psychometric properties of the Cognitive Beha... more Background:There is no published evidence about the psychometric properties of the Cognitive Behavioral Avoidance Scale (CBAS) in Eastern cultures.Aims:The current research evaluated the psychometric properties of a Persian version of the CBAS.Method:The research consisted of two studies. In Study 1, a university student sample (n = 702) completed the CBAS, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Thought Control Questionnaire and the Anxious Thoughts Inventory. In Study 2, a general population sample (n = 384) and a clinical sample (n = 152) completed the CBAS, the Young Compensation Inventory and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21.Results:Exploratory factor analysis of the data from Study 1 suggested a four-factor solution for CBAS. The CBAS had acceptable internal consistency and test–re-test reliability, and showed significant correlations with depression symptoms and anxious thoughts. Confirmatory factor analysis of the data from Study 2 indicated good fit between the four-factor model and data. The CBAS had a significant relationship with depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, but no associations with schema compensatory behaviour strategy. Finally, the CBAS and its subscales successfully distinguished a clinical sample from a general population sample.Conclusions:The findings provide preliminary evidence for reliability and validity of the CBAS among Iranian student, general population and clinical samples.
The present study examined the diagnostic concordance between ICD-10 and DSM-IV in generalized an... more The present study examined the diagnostic concordance between ICD-10 and DSM-IV in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and social phobia. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was administered to 1504 people, in a sample derived from community and clinic cases, and discrepant diagnoses were identified for ICD-10 and DSM-IV GAD, OCD and social phobia. The initial analysis yielded 243 positive GAD, 41 positive OCD, and 190 positive social phobia diagnoses on one or the other classification, yet only 54%, 64%, and 39% of these respective diagnoses were concordant on both classifications. After removing potential errors with the ICD-10-DCR criteria for GAD and in the way the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and scorer operationalized the diagnostic criteria there were 426 diagnoses in the three disorders of which 298 (70%) were concordant. The residual discordance reflects the magnitude of the difference between the two diagnostic systems and researchers should be aware of this when they are making cross-national comparisons of prevalence rates.
Background Cognitive therapy and behavioural activation are both widely applied and effective psy... more Background Cognitive therapy and behavioural activation are both widely applied and effective psychotherapies for depression, but it is unclear which works best for whom. Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis allows for examining moderators at the participant level and can provide more precise effect estimates than conventional meta-analysis, which is based on study-level data. Aims This article describes the protocol for a systematic review and IPD meta-analysis that aims to compare the efficacy of cognitive therapy and behavioural activation for adults with depression, and to explore moderators of treatment effect. (PROSPERO: CRD42022341602) Method Systematic literature searches will be conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library, to identify randomised clinical trials comparing cognitive therapy and behavioural activation for adult acute-phase depression. Investigators of these trials will be invited to share their participant-level data. One-stage IP...
Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the psychometric characteristics and perfo... more Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the psychometric characteristics and perform a factor analysis of McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL) in a sample of recovered depressed patients. Methods: Present study was a cross sectional research. Data were obtained from a sample of recovered depressed patients. A total of 354 participants (67 males, 287 females) were assessed using the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV disorders (SCID) to ensure their full recovery from their most recent episode of depression. Then, they completed a series of self-report measures, including the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL-8.54 and Cronbach’s alpha using SPSS-16 were done for analyzing data. Results: Descriptive statistics for the MQOL were performed, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the fitness of the hypothesized factor structure. The Cronbach α coefficients were calculated for the questionnaire and its ...
Sexual dysfunction is frequently reported as a side effect of many antidepressant medications. As... more Sexual dysfunction is frequently reported as a side effect of many antidepressant medications. As a result, for those depressed patients to whom sexual desire is important, psychological treatment may be a better intervention. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the possible changes in sexual desire following psychological treatments in depression, when focus of therapy is not on sexual function. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study, which was conducted in Tehran, Iran. A total of 281 depressed patients in the remission phase underwent psychological treatments, either cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT, n=131) or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT, n=150). The therapy did not focus on any aspect of sexual function. Using a single item measure before and after treatment, sexual desire of the patients was categorized into intact, mild, moderate, or severe decline. A total of 255 participants completed the study questionnaires and were randomly assigned to CBT (122) and MBCT groups (133). Before therapy, 128(50.2%) participants were categorized in intact sexual desire group, 73(28.6%) in mild sexual desire dysfunction group, 40(15.7%) in moderate sexual desire dysfunction group, and 14(5.5%) in severe sexual desire dysfunction group. Logistic regression was used for analyzing the data by SPSS-16. Results: Low sexual desire in depression remission was predicted by age (P<0.001, OR=0.21, CI=0.01-0.03), presence of comorbid anxiety disorder (P<0.04, OR=-0.13, CI=-0.46-0.02), and global assessment of functioning (GAF) (P<0.001, OR=-0.23, CI=-0.03-0.01). Clinical improvement in sexual desire was predicted by the type of intervention (P=0.023, OR=0.351, CI=0.142-0.869) and GAF (P=0.003, OR=0.927, CI=0.881-0.975). Conclusion: CBT might be superior to MBCT in improving sexual desire in patients with depression. Further studies using validated sexual function questionnaires are necessary.
The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice.
APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser c... more APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser configuration. - alerts user that their session is about to expire - display, print, save, export, and email selected records - get My ...
The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice.
... The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice. Dozois, David JA; D... more ... The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice. Dozois, David JA; Dobson, Keith S.; Westra, Henny A. Dozois, David JA (Ed); Dobson, Keith S. (Ed), (2004). The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice, (pp. 261-280). ...
The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice., 2004
The Prevention of Anxiety and Depression: Theory, Research, and Practice DOZOIS David JADobson Ke... more The Prevention of Anxiety and Depression: Theory, Research, and Practice DOZOIS David JADobson Keith.
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive ... more Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Treatment as Usual (TAU) on depression and additional symptoms and other psychiatric symptoms in a ...
... and Future Perspectives 53 4 Neurochemical and Transmitter Models of Depression 63 Hymie Anis... more ... and Future Perspectives 53 4 Neurochemical and Transmitter Models of Depression 63 Hymie Anisman, Kim Matheson and Shawn Hayley Monoamine ... 185 The Future of Optimism/Pessimism 190 9 Dispositional Pessimism Across the Lifespan 195 John RZ Abela, Randy P ...
T he cognitive theory of depression proposes significant relations between negative thoughts and ... more T he cognitive theory of depression proposes significant relations between negative thoughts and depression. Evidence for the model has been widely observed in Western countries. However, despite the high prevalence of depression in the Middle East (ME), there has been limited research that has evaluated the cognitive profiles of people living in this region, and especially in non-Arab countries like Iran. The current research examined these relationships in Iran. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 80 depressed and 80 non-depressed individuals via advertising in clinics and public areas, respectively. Depression status was checked with a structured interview, the Major Depressive Disorder subscale of the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory-II. All participants completed the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Negative to examine the frequency of negative automatic thoughts. Unlike other results from Arab countries, depressed participants indicated significantly more negative thoughts towards self and future compared with the non-depressed group. The results of the present study are consistent with the negativity hypothesis of the cognitive theory of depression. Further research is needed in the in ME, to investigate other hypotheses of this theory in this region. Strengths and limitations of the present study are discussed.
Publisher Summary Avoidance may represent a risk factor for depression and may permeate relations... more Publisher Summary Avoidance may represent a risk factor for depression and may permeate relationships between established psychosocial risk variables and depression in current psychosocial models of depression. Despite its potential theoretical and clinical importance, however, the role of avoidance in depressive disorders has received little direct attention in the depression literature to this point. This chapter evaluates the evidence for avoidance as a correlate and risk factor for depression. Several treatment models for depression focus on avoidance in an implicit manner. These include the cognitive model of depression, which encourages action rather than inactivity, and problem-solving therapy, which encourages an active problem-solving style. An exception to this indirect focus on avoidance in depression theory and treatment is a new treatment called behavioral activation for depression. The theory and practice of BA treatment for depression and how avoidance is addressed in other theories of depression and its intervention are reviewed. Efficacy studies of these treatments are addressed in brief when the available literature permits.
Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne, 2015
This article was written as a continuation of the debate between Mills (2012) and Bemister and Do... more This article was written as a continuation of the debate between Mills (2012) and Bemister and Dobson (2011, 2012) on record-keeping practices, specifically informing clients of their right to access their records and taking notes during sessions. Prior research has found that clients react positively to being shown their records, but no studies have examined the impact of informing clients of their right to access their records. Research on note-taking has been mixed, showing either a negative impact or no impact. This study investigated how perceptions of a therapist are altered by the following: (a) note-taking during a session, (b) informing clients of their rights to access their records, and (c) the combination of note-taking and record-informing. A total of 110 undergraduate students watched 1 of 4 videos designed to credibly simulate a clinical intake session, and then rated the therapist's competency and professionalism. No differences were found on perceptions of competence or professionalism scores across the groups, suggesting that informing clients of their right to access their records and note-taking during sessions do not have a significant influence of perceptions of a therapist. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 1, 2003
A central tenet of cognitive theories of depression implicates the organization of self-referenti... more A central tenet of cognitive theories of depression implicates the organization of self-referential material in the depressive process. However, few studies have extended beyond the examination of cognitive products and processes to assess the interconnectedness of the depressive selfschema. Clinically depressed participants completed a computerized measure of the cognitive organization of positive and negative adjectives. Participants organized adjectives according to two dimensions (i.e., valence and self-descriptiveness), and an interstimulus distance index of interconnectedness was computed. The sample was divided into two groups to assess whether differential organization was associated with the number of previous episodes individuals had experienced. Analyses indicated that the patient groups did not differ from one another on demographic characteristics, severity of symptomatology or comorbidity. Those individuals with more recurrent depression demonstrated significantly greater organization of negative content and less interconnectedness of positive content than those with less recurrent depression. The implications of these results for the organization of cognitive content in depression are discussed and directions for future research are provided.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly disabling and typically runs a recurrent course. Knowle... more Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly disabling and typically runs a recurrent course. Knowledge about prevention of relapse and recurrence is crucial to the long-term welfare of people who suffer from this disorder. This article provides an overview of the current evidence for the prevention of relapse and recurrence using psychological interventions. We first describe a conceptual framework to preventive interventions based on: acute treatment; continuation treatment, or; prevention strategies for patients in remission. In brief, cognitivebehavioral interventions, delivered during the acute phase, appear to have an enduring effect that protects patients against relapse and perhaps others from recurrence following treatment termination. Similarly, continuation treatment with either cognitive therapy or perhaps interpersonal psychotherapy appears to reduce risk for relapse and maintenance treatment appears to reduce risk for recurrence. Preventive relapse strategies like preventive cognitive therapy or mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) applied to patients in remission protects against subsequent relapse and perhaps recurrence. There is some preliminary evidence of specific mediation via changing the content or the process of cognition. Continuation CT and preventive interventions started after remission (CBT, MBCT) seem to have the largest differential effects for individuals that need them the most. Those who have the greatest risk for relapse and recurrence including patients with unstable remission, more previous episodes, potentially childhood trauma, early age of onset. These prescriptive indications, if confirmed in future research, may point the way to personalizing prevention strategies. Doing so, may maximize the efficiency with which they are applied and have the potential to target the mechanisms that appear to underlie these effects. This may help make this prevention strategies more efficacious.
Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, May 6, 2020
Background:There is no published evidence about the psychometric properties of the Cognitive Beha... more Background:There is no published evidence about the psychometric properties of the Cognitive Behavioral Avoidance Scale (CBAS) in Eastern cultures.Aims:The current research evaluated the psychometric properties of a Persian version of the CBAS.Method:The research consisted of two studies. In Study 1, a university student sample (n = 702) completed the CBAS, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Thought Control Questionnaire and the Anxious Thoughts Inventory. In Study 2, a general population sample (n = 384) and a clinical sample (n = 152) completed the CBAS, the Young Compensation Inventory and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21.Results:Exploratory factor analysis of the data from Study 1 suggested a four-factor solution for CBAS. The CBAS had acceptable internal consistency and test–re-test reliability, and showed significant correlations with depression symptoms and anxious thoughts. Confirmatory factor analysis of the data from Study 2 indicated good fit between the four-factor model and data. The CBAS had a significant relationship with depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, but no associations with schema compensatory behaviour strategy. Finally, the CBAS and its subscales successfully distinguished a clinical sample from a general population sample.Conclusions:The findings provide preliminary evidence for reliability and validity of the CBAS among Iranian student, general population and clinical samples.
The present study examined the diagnostic concordance between ICD-10 and DSM-IV in generalized an... more The present study examined the diagnostic concordance between ICD-10 and DSM-IV in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and social phobia. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was administered to 1504 people, in a sample derived from community and clinic cases, and discrepant diagnoses were identified for ICD-10 and DSM-IV GAD, OCD and social phobia. The initial analysis yielded 243 positive GAD, 41 positive OCD, and 190 positive social phobia diagnoses on one or the other classification, yet only 54%, 64%, and 39% of these respective diagnoses were concordant on both classifications. After removing potential errors with the ICD-10-DCR criteria for GAD and in the way the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and scorer operationalized the diagnostic criteria there were 426 diagnoses in the three disorders of which 298 (70%) were concordant. The residual discordance reflects the magnitude of the difference between the two diagnostic systems and researchers should be aware of this when they are making cross-national comparisons of prevalence rates.
Background Cognitive therapy and behavioural activation are both widely applied and effective psy... more Background Cognitive therapy and behavioural activation are both widely applied and effective psychotherapies for depression, but it is unclear which works best for whom. Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis allows for examining moderators at the participant level and can provide more precise effect estimates than conventional meta-analysis, which is based on study-level data. Aims This article describes the protocol for a systematic review and IPD meta-analysis that aims to compare the efficacy of cognitive therapy and behavioural activation for adults with depression, and to explore moderators of treatment effect. (PROSPERO: CRD42022341602) Method Systematic literature searches will be conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library, to identify randomised clinical trials comparing cognitive therapy and behavioural activation for adult acute-phase depression. Investigators of these trials will be invited to share their participant-level data. One-stage IP...
Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the psychometric characteristics and perfo... more Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the psychometric characteristics and perform a factor analysis of McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL) in a sample of recovered depressed patients. Methods: Present study was a cross sectional research. Data were obtained from a sample of recovered depressed patients. A total of 354 participants (67 males, 287 females) were assessed using the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV disorders (SCID) to ensure their full recovery from their most recent episode of depression. Then, they completed a series of self-report measures, including the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL-8.54 and Cronbach’s alpha using SPSS-16 were done for analyzing data. Results: Descriptive statistics for the MQOL were performed, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the fitness of the hypothesized factor structure. The Cronbach α coefficients were calculated for the questionnaire and its ...
Sexual dysfunction is frequently reported as a side effect of many antidepressant medications. As... more Sexual dysfunction is frequently reported as a side effect of many antidepressant medications. As a result, for those depressed patients to whom sexual desire is important, psychological treatment may be a better intervention. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the possible changes in sexual desire following psychological treatments in depression, when focus of therapy is not on sexual function. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study, which was conducted in Tehran, Iran. A total of 281 depressed patients in the remission phase underwent psychological treatments, either cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT, n=131) or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT, n=150). The therapy did not focus on any aspect of sexual function. Using a single item measure before and after treatment, sexual desire of the patients was categorized into intact, mild, moderate, or severe decline. A total of 255 participants completed the study questionnaires and were randomly assigned to CBT (122) and MBCT groups (133). Before therapy, 128(50.2%) participants were categorized in intact sexual desire group, 73(28.6%) in mild sexual desire dysfunction group, 40(15.7%) in moderate sexual desire dysfunction group, and 14(5.5%) in severe sexual desire dysfunction group. Logistic regression was used for analyzing the data by SPSS-16. Results: Low sexual desire in depression remission was predicted by age (P<0.001, OR=0.21, CI=0.01-0.03), presence of comorbid anxiety disorder (P<0.04, OR=-0.13, CI=-0.46-0.02), and global assessment of functioning (GAF) (P<0.001, OR=-0.23, CI=-0.03-0.01). Clinical improvement in sexual desire was predicted by the type of intervention (P=0.023, OR=0.351, CI=0.142-0.869) and GAF (P=0.003, OR=0.927, CI=0.881-0.975). Conclusion: CBT might be superior to MBCT in improving sexual desire in patients with depression. Further studies using validated sexual function questionnaires are necessary.
The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice.
APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser c... more APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser configuration. - alerts user that their session is about to expire - display, print, save, export, and email selected records - get My ...
The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice.
... The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice. Dozois, David JA; D... more ... The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice. Dozois, David JA; Dobson, Keith S.; Westra, Henny A. Dozois, David JA (Ed); Dobson, Keith S. (Ed), (2004). The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice, (pp. 261-280). ...
The prevention of anxiety and depression: Theory, research, and practice., 2004
The Prevention of Anxiety and Depression: Theory, Research, and Practice DOZOIS David JADobson Ke... more The Prevention of Anxiety and Depression: Theory, Research, and Practice DOZOIS David JADobson Keith.
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive ... more Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Treatment as Usual (TAU) on depression and additional symptoms and other psychiatric symptoms in a ...
... and Future Perspectives 53 4 Neurochemical and Transmitter Models of Depression 63 Hymie Anis... more ... and Future Perspectives 53 4 Neurochemical and Transmitter Models of Depression 63 Hymie Anisman, Kim Matheson and Shawn Hayley Monoamine ... 185 The Future of Optimism/Pessimism 190 9 Dispositional Pessimism Across the Lifespan 195 John RZ Abela, Randy P ...
T he cognitive theory of depression proposes significant relations between negative thoughts and ... more T he cognitive theory of depression proposes significant relations between negative thoughts and depression. Evidence for the model has been widely observed in Western countries. However, despite the high prevalence of depression in the Middle East (ME), there has been limited research that has evaluated the cognitive profiles of people living in this region, and especially in non-Arab countries like Iran. The current research examined these relationships in Iran. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 80 depressed and 80 non-depressed individuals via advertising in clinics and public areas, respectively. Depression status was checked with a structured interview, the Major Depressive Disorder subscale of the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory-II. All participants completed the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Negative to examine the frequency of negative automatic thoughts. Unlike other results from Arab countries, depressed participants indicated significantly more negative thoughts towards self and future compared with the non-depressed group. The results of the present study are consistent with the negativity hypothesis of the cognitive theory of depression. Further research is needed in the in ME, to investigate other hypotheses of this theory in this region. Strengths and limitations of the present study are discussed.
Publisher Summary Avoidance may represent a risk factor for depression and may permeate relations... more Publisher Summary Avoidance may represent a risk factor for depression and may permeate relationships between established psychosocial risk variables and depression in current psychosocial models of depression. Despite its potential theoretical and clinical importance, however, the role of avoidance in depressive disorders has received little direct attention in the depression literature to this point. This chapter evaluates the evidence for avoidance as a correlate and risk factor for depression. Several treatment models for depression focus on avoidance in an implicit manner. These include the cognitive model of depression, which encourages action rather than inactivity, and problem-solving therapy, which encourages an active problem-solving style. An exception to this indirect focus on avoidance in depression theory and treatment is a new treatment called behavioral activation for depression. The theory and practice of BA treatment for depression and how avoidance is addressed in other theories of depression and its intervention are reviewed. Efficacy studies of these treatments are addressed in brief when the available literature permits.
Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne, 2015
This article was written as a continuation of the debate between Mills (2012) and Bemister and Do... more This article was written as a continuation of the debate between Mills (2012) and Bemister and Dobson (2011, 2012) on record-keeping practices, specifically informing clients of their right to access their records and taking notes during sessions. Prior research has found that clients react positively to being shown their records, but no studies have examined the impact of informing clients of their right to access their records. Research on note-taking has been mixed, showing either a negative impact or no impact. This study investigated how perceptions of a therapist are altered by the following: (a) note-taking during a session, (b) informing clients of their rights to access their records, and (c) the combination of note-taking and record-informing. A total of 110 undergraduate students watched 1 of 4 videos designed to credibly simulate a clinical intake session, and then rated the therapist's competency and professionalism. No differences were found on perceptions of competence or professionalism scores across the groups, suggesting that informing clients of their right to access their records and note-taking during sessions do not have a significant influence of perceptions of a therapist. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
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