— Now-a-days geo-textile materials have been used worldwide for solving geotechnical engineering ... more — Now-a-days geo-textile materials have been used worldwide for solving geotechnical engineering problems associated with soil and water conservation work. Among the various properties of the geo-textile, the hydraulic properties are of major importance from the engineering point of view. This paper presents a simplified mechanism for the design and fabrication of vertical permeability test apparatus to determine the vertical permeability of geo-textile. The vertical permeability test apparatus has been fabricated and installed as per ASTM standard D 4491-99. The test apparatus has been manufactured in the department of civil engineering using locally available materials. After installation of the apparatus, the cross-plane permeability test for the geo-textile material has been performed. The permeability of geo-textile for different thickness obtained from this apparatus satisfies the standard values of permeability.
Advances in environmental science and technology, 2020
Natural dyeing has regained its popularity in order to keep the environment clean and safe by red... more Natural dyeing has regained its popularity in order to keep the environment clean and safe by reducing the use of harmful chemicals in the dyeing process. Consequently, different natural dyestuff has been used in textile coloration: marigold, henna, onion skin, roots, and tree bark. Among these dyestuffs, tea has been used for the coloration of textiles. Around the world, including Bangladesh, a lot of tea is consumed on a daily basis. After consumption, the tea residue is disposed of in open spaces, which is considered a source of environmental pollution. Due to the adverse effect on the environment, this experiment used tea residue to dye wool/acrylic blended yarn to make the dyeing process more eco-friendly. Four different mordanting agents were used to determine the one most suitable for dyeing wool/acrylic blended yarn using tea residue. To evaluate the performance of the dyed yarn, the color-coordinate value and different colorfastness properties were measured.
Natural dyestuff has reverted its position in the colouration of textile substrates due to rising... more Natural dyestuff has reverted its position in the colouration of textile substrates due to rising concerns of consumers and buyers, particularly about environmental impacts and health issues. Eucalyptus leaves were selected in this study as a source of natural dye along with some of the most generally used mordants to observe the impact of dyeing on jute fabric while trying to keep the dyeing parameters at a minimum level. Dyes were extracted from eucalyptus leaves by boiling in water. Then, the fabric was pre-mordanted using different synthetic mordanting agents, such as alum, potassium dichromate, copper sulphate and ferrous sulphate, which are generally used to substantively enhance the dyestuff on textile fabrics and to improve the fastness properties. Synthetic mordant was used here instead of natural mordant due to the better dyeing compatibility of jute fabric with eucalyptus leaves, since natural mordant has little effect on jute fabric during the process of dyeing. Another ...
In this investigation, the ability and effectiveness of the aquatic macrophyte, Pistia stratiotes... more In this investigation, the ability and effectiveness of the aquatic macrophyte, Pistia stratiotes L. to improve the quality of eutrophic waters were studied at a lab scale by testing across four lake water samples. The removal of salts, solids and improving physiochemical properties including pH, DO, EC, TDS, Turbidity and NaCl concentration of water were monitored. In treatment with the Aquatic Plant (AP), a 100% survival rate of the species was observed without any visible symptoms of toxicity in the biomass. The extensive root system of the plant as well as the body biomass improved water quality after one week of treatment as determined by a marked decrease in Turbidity, TDS, EC and NaCl and with an increase in pH and DO levels. The DO increased many folds over 168 h or 7 days after treatments and served as a useful indicator of water quality. Considerable variation percentages (either reduction or increment) were observed in different parameters treated with the phytoremediator. The study findings indicate that the aquatic macrophyte has a significant potential for improving water quality parameters by removing pollutants from eutrophic lake water bodies.
The generation of oxygen radicals and their derivatives, known as reactive oxygen species, (ROS) ... more The generation of oxygen radicals and their derivatives, known as reactive oxygen species, (ROS) is a part of the signaling process in higher plants at lower concentrations, but at higher concentrations, those ROS cause oxidative stress. Salinity-induced osmotic stress and ionic stress trigger the overproduction of ROS and, ultimately, result in oxidative damage to cell organelles and membrane components, and at severe levels, they cause cell and plant death. The antioxidant defense system protects the plant from salt-induced oxidative damage by detoxifying the ROS and also by maintaining the balance of ROS generation under salt stress. Different plant hormones and genes are also associated with the signaling and antioxidant defense system to protect plants when they are exposed to salt stress. Salt-induced ROS overgeneration is one of the major reasons for hampering the morpho-physiological and biochemical activities of plants which can be largely restored through enhancing the ant...
Asia Pacific Journal of Energy and Environment, 2020
The Phytoremediation ability of aquatic macrophyte, Azolla as potential biomass, to improve the q... more The Phytoremediation ability of aquatic macrophyte, Azolla as potential biomass, to improve the quality of eutrophic lakes and river water of Bangladesh at lab scale were studied to remove organics, solutes and improving the physicochemical properties of water including pH, DO, EC, TDS, Turbidity and NaCl concentration. In the different eutrophic water, a 100% survival rate of the species was observed. The extensive root system of the phytoremediator improves water quality after one week as determined by a marked decrease in Turbidity, TDS, EC & Nacl and increased in DO and pH. DO content served as a useful indicator of water quality and increased manifolds over 7 days (one week) of treatment. The capability of the plant in removing pollutants and improving water quality was established from the study. After phytoremediation activities, the discarded energy crop biomass could be used to produce green energy because of its high growth potential.
AbstractConventional building materials like fired clay brick (FCB) and concrete blocks are expen... more AbstractConventional building materials like fired clay brick (FCB) and concrete blocks are expensive and, in some cases, have detrimental effect on environment. Compressed stabilized earth block (...
Salinity is a serious environmental hazard which limits world agricultural production by adversel... more Salinity is a serious environmental hazard which limits world agricultural production by adversely affects plant physiology and biochemistry. Hence increase tolerance against salt stress is very important. In this study, we explored the function of β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) in enhancing salt stress tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). After pretreatment with BABA, seedlings were exposed to NaCl (100 mM and 150 mM) for 2 days. Salt stress increased Na content and decreased K content in shoot and root. It disrupted the antioxidant defense system by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS; H2O2 and O2•−), methylglyoxal (MG) content and causing oxidative stress. It also reduced the growth and photosynthetic pigments of seedlings but increased proline (Pro) content. However, BABA pretreatment in salt-stressed seedlings increased ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) contents; GSH/GSSG ratio; and the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), d...
Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences, 2018
obstructions (SBO) requiring nasogastric (NGT) placement with 1 requiring total parenteral nutrit... more obstructions (SBO) requiring nasogastric (NGT) placement with 1 requiring total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Five patients had prolonged ileus with 4 requiring TPN and NGT placement. For > 90 days, 3 patients had partial SBO requiring NGT placement with only 1 requiring TPN. Long-term metabolic complications included hypokalemia (8 patients), hyperchloremia (5 patients), and metabolic acidosis (8 patients) all managed medically. CONCLUSIONS: Sigmoid colon urinary conduit is a relatively safe and feasible option for patients getting total pelvic exenteration for malignancy and obviates the need for small bowel anastomosis and possible associated complications.
This paper presents an overview of the prospect of biofuel resources in Bangladesh with second-ge... more This paper presents an overview of the prospect of biofuel resources in Bangladesh with second-generation (2G) aquatic energy crop—Duckweed. The review sheds light on growing duckweed as a promising feedstock to produce ethanol and biogas, as they can minimize dependence on limited crude oil and natural gas—fossil fuels that Bangladesh largely depends on. Current reserves are inadequate to meet the energy demand for long term economic growth. Biofuels, as nontoxic and biodegradable alternatives, could replace harmful fossil fuels as combustion of biofuel emits considerably less amount of CO x , SO x , hydrocarbons and particulate matter. Bangladesh has millions of hectors of potential sites across lakes, rivers and ponds, which can conduct high rates of nutrient uptake via phytoremediation, such as Nitrogen and Phosphorus, in industrial wastewater, and then be used to produce biofuels. The review explores different production processes and briefly charts future research agenda for the proliferation of clean energy in Bangladesh using locally available products.
The contribution of respiratory viruses to childhood pneumonia in tropical low- and middle-income... more The contribution of respiratory viruses to childhood pneumonia in tropical low- and middle-income countries is poorly understood. We used population-based respiratory illness surveillance in children <5 years old in Dhaka, Bangladesh, to characterize these illnesses. We conducted weekly home visits to children who were referred to clinic for fever or respiratory symptoms. Standardized clinical data were collected. Nasopharyngeal washes were collected for one fifth of children diagnosed with a febrile or respiratory syndrome, with virus isolation testing for influenza and RT-PCR testing for other viruses. Pneumonia was defined as age-specific tachypnea and crepitations on chest auscultation by study physicians. From April 2004-February 2008, 17,584 children were followed for 17,644 child-years; 6,335 children had 12,499 clinic visits with eligible illnesses, including 6,345 pneumonia episodes (incidence of 36 episodes/100 child-years). Annual incidence of pneumonia/100 child-years ranged from 88.3 for children 0-6 months to 13.1 for those 36-60 months. Of 1,248 pneumonia visits with laboratory testing, 803 (64%) had detection of viral pathogens, including 274 respiratory syncytial virus (22% of pneumonia visits with laboratory testing; incidence 7.9/100 child-years), 244 adenovirus (19%; 7.0/100 child-years), 198 human metapneumovirus (16%; 5.7/100 child-years), 174 parainfluenza (14.0%; 5.0/100 child-years), and 81 influenza (6.5%; 2.3/100 child years). Viral pathogens contribute to a majority of childhood pneumonia episodes in Bangladesh, a setting with high pneumonia rates, especially in children <2 years old. Developing effective prevention strategies targeting these children is a high priority. Given less sensitive laboratory method used for influenza detection, influenza rates may be underestimated.
To investigate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO)-induced paraquat... more To investigate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO)-induced paraquat (PQ) tolerance in plants, we pretreated a set of 10-day-old Brassica napus seedlings with 500 μM sodium nitroprusside (SNP - a NO donor) for 24 h. Then, three doses of PQ (62.5, 125 and 250 μM) were applied separately, as well as to SNP-pretreated seedlings, and the seedlings were allowed to grow for an additional 48 h. The seedlings treated with PQ showed clear, dose-dependent signs of oxidative stress, with elevated levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA, malondialdehyde), HOand Ogeneration, and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity. Paraquat treatment disrupted pools of water-soluble antioxidants (ascorbate-AsA and reduced glutathione-GSH). Paraquat had different effects on the activities of antioxidant enzymes. The activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) decreased after PQ treatment in a dose-dependent manner, while the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate...
Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 4, 2018
The Madhabdi municipality in the Narsingdi district of Bangladesh is a well-known area for textil... more The Madhabdi municipality in the Narsingdi district of Bangladesh is a well-known area for textile, handloom weaving, and dyeing industries. These textile industries produce a considerable amount of effluents, sewage sludge, and solid waste materials every day that they directly discharge into surrounding water bodies and agricultural fields. This disposal poses a serious threat to the overall epidemic and socio-economic pattern of the locality. This research entailed the collection of 34 handloom-dyeing effluent samples from different handloom-dyeing industries of Madhabdi, which were then analyzed to determine the contents of the heavy metals iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd). Average concentrations of Fe, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, and Zn were 3.81, 1.35, 1.70, 0.17, 0.75, and 0.73 mg L, respectively, whereas Cd content was below the detectable limit of the atomic adsorption spectrophotometer. The concentrations of Fe, Cr, Cu, Pb, ...
In this study, we have characterized the role of carotenoids and chlorophyll in the compatible in... more In this study, we have characterized the role of carotenoids and chlorophyll in the compatible interaction between the sedentary root knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne graminicola and the monocot model plant rice (Oryza sativa). Previous transcriptome data showed a differential expression of carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthesis genes in nematode-induced giant cells and gall tissue. Metabolite measurement showed that galls indeed accumulate chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids, as well as the hormone abscisic acid (ABA). When ABA was externally applied on rice plants, or when ABA-biosynthesis was inhibited, a significant increase in gall formation and nematode development was found, showing the complex role of ABA in this interaction. ABA application suppressed jasmonic acid (JA) levels in the plants, while ABA-biosynthesis inhibition lead to increased JA levels confirming an antagonism between ABA and JA in rice roots. In addition, combined applications of ABA and JA showed that the AB...
International journal of molecular sciences, Jan 20, 2017
Being sessile organisms, plants are frequently exposed to various environmental stresses that cau... more Being sessile organisms, plants are frequently exposed to various environmental stresses that cause several physiological disorders and even death. Oxidative stress is one of the common consequences of abiotic stress in plants, which is caused by excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sometimes ROS production exceeds the capacity of antioxidant defense systems, which leads to oxidative stress. In line with ROS, plants also produce a high amount of methylglyoxal (MG), which is an α-oxoaldehyde compound, highly reactive, cytotoxic, and produced via different enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions. This MG can impair cells or cell components and can even destroy DNA or cause mutation. Under stress conditions, MG concentration in plants can be increased 2- to 6-fold compared with normal conditions depending on the plant species. However, plants have a system developed to detoxify this MG consisting of two major enzymes: glyoxalase I (Gly I) and glyoxalase II (Gly II), and he...
Bangladesh Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2016
Gestational trophoblastic disease is a spectrum of tumors with a wide range of biologic behaviour... more Gestational trophoblastic disease is a spectrum of tumors with a wide range of biologic behaviour and potential for metastasis. It refers to both the benign and malignant entities of the spectrum and includes hydatidiform mole, invasive mole, choriocarcinoma and placental site trophoblastic tumour (PSTT). The last three are termed gestational trophoblastic tumours
Hydroponically grown 12-day-old rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan47) seedlings were exposed to ... more Hydroponically grown 12-day-old rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan47) seedlings were exposed to 150 mM NaCl alone and combined with 0.5 mM MnSO 4 . Salt stress resulted in disruption of ion homeostasis by Na ? influx and K ? efflux. Higher accumulation of Na ? and water imbalance under salinity caused osmotic stress, chlorosis, and growth inhibition. Salt-induced ionic toxicity and osmotic stress consequently resulted in oxidative stress by disrupting the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems through overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methylglyoxal (MG), respectively. The saltinduced damage increased with the increasing duration of stress. However, exogenous application of manganese (Mn) helped the plants to partially recover from the inhibited growth and chlorosis by improving ionic and osmotic homeostasis through decreasing Na ? influx and increasing water status, respectively. Exogenous application of Mn increased ROS detoxification by increasing the content of the phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and ascorbate (AsA), and increasing the activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in the salt-treated seedlings. Supplemental Mn also reinforced MG detoxification by increasing the activities of glyoxalase I (Gly I) and glyoxalase II (Gly II) in the salt-affected seedlings. Thus, exogenous application of Mn conferred salt-stress tolerance through the coordinated action of ion homeostasis and the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems in the salt-affected seedlings.
Vertical expansion of Jatropha curcas L by roof-top gardening with pot experimental studies were ... more Vertical expansion of Jatropha curcas L by roof-top gardening with pot experimental studies were carried out to produce feedstock of Jatropha for production of biofuel and related byproducts. The plant can grow on eroded land and needs comparatively limited amounts of natural resource and capital inputs and garners much interest from developing nations based on an agrarian societal ecosystem. The experiment also focused in evaluating the physiochemical parameters of resulting Jatropha oil, biodiesel, glycerin and seed cake characteristics after extraction. The seeds of the plants after two years of germination were collected from the earthen pot to extract fuel. After maturity, the plant provided about 250 ml of crude oil per plant and the characteristics of fuel responded better (Flash point of 254°C, Ignition point 323.6°C, Specific gravity of 0.922, Density 0.919, high Cetane number, or Ignition Quality, of 56.7, Sulfur % of 0.125, Iodine (103.67 mg/g) and Saponification value of 196.85 mg/g) in comparison to fossil fuel. Higher nutrient content were found in seed cake residue obtained after oil extraction, which could potentially be used as an excellent organic fertilizer, with nutrients value, N = 3.48%, P2O5 = 1.78% and K 2 O = 1.57%. Also the oil contains a comparatively high percentage of unsaturated fatty acid (79.34%) resulting in characteristically low levels of free fatty acids, which improves storability. The crude oil without any modification could easily be used in lamp for illumination. The high iodine value and the presence of unsaturated fatty acids enables it to remain fluid at lower temperatures. The low sulfur content equates to less harmful sulfur dioxide (SO 2) emitted when the fuel is burnt. The crude oil then converted to biodiesel by transesterification process with the byproduct glycerin. 250 ml crude oil could produce about 243 ml of biodiesel. Biodiesel could be used in farming machineries, irrigation pumps, building generator and transportations with greater environmental benefits than conventional carbon-based fossil fuels. Roof-top gardening of plants in this setting also allows for a cooling effect in direct response to urban heat-island effects.
— Now-a-days geo-textile materials have been used worldwide for solving geotechnical engineering ... more — Now-a-days geo-textile materials have been used worldwide for solving geotechnical engineering problems associated with soil and water conservation work. Among the various properties of the geo-textile, the hydraulic properties are of major importance from the engineering point of view. This paper presents a simplified mechanism for the design and fabrication of vertical permeability test apparatus to determine the vertical permeability of geo-textile. The vertical permeability test apparatus has been fabricated and installed as per ASTM standard D 4491-99. The test apparatus has been manufactured in the department of civil engineering using locally available materials. After installation of the apparatus, the cross-plane permeability test for the geo-textile material has been performed. The permeability of geo-textile for different thickness obtained from this apparatus satisfies the standard values of permeability.
Advances in environmental science and technology, 2020
Natural dyeing has regained its popularity in order to keep the environment clean and safe by red... more Natural dyeing has regained its popularity in order to keep the environment clean and safe by reducing the use of harmful chemicals in the dyeing process. Consequently, different natural dyestuff has been used in textile coloration: marigold, henna, onion skin, roots, and tree bark. Among these dyestuffs, tea has been used for the coloration of textiles. Around the world, including Bangladesh, a lot of tea is consumed on a daily basis. After consumption, the tea residue is disposed of in open spaces, which is considered a source of environmental pollution. Due to the adverse effect on the environment, this experiment used tea residue to dye wool/acrylic blended yarn to make the dyeing process more eco-friendly. Four different mordanting agents were used to determine the one most suitable for dyeing wool/acrylic blended yarn using tea residue. To evaluate the performance of the dyed yarn, the color-coordinate value and different colorfastness properties were measured.
Natural dyestuff has reverted its position in the colouration of textile substrates due to rising... more Natural dyestuff has reverted its position in the colouration of textile substrates due to rising concerns of consumers and buyers, particularly about environmental impacts and health issues. Eucalyptus leaves were selected in this study as a source of natural dye along with some of the most generally used mordants to observe the impact of dyeing on jute fabric while trying to keep the dyeing parameters at a minimum level. Dyes were extracted from eucalyptus leaves by boiling in water. Then, the fabric was pre-mordanted using different synthetic mordanting agents, such as alum, potassium dichromate, copper sulphate and ferrous sulphate, which are generally used to substantively enhance the dyestuff on textile fabrics and to improve the fastness properties. Synthetic mordant was used here instead of natural mordant due to the better dyeing compatibility of jute fabric with eucalyptus leaves, since natural mordant has little effect on jute fabric during the process of dyeing. Another ...
In this investigation, the ability and effectiveness of the aquatic macrophyte, Pistia stratiotes... more In this investigation, the ability and effectiveness of the aquatic macrophyte, Pistia stratiotes L. to improve the quality of eutrophic waters were studied at a lab scale by testing across four lake water samples. The removal of salts, solids and improving physiochemical properties including pH, DO, EC, TDS, Turbidity and NaCl concentration of water were monitored. In treatment with the Aquatic Plant (AP), a 100% survival rate of the species was observed without any visible symptoms of toxicity in the biomass. The extensive root system of the plant as well as the body biomass improved water quality after one week of treatment as determined by a marked decrease in Turbidity, TDS, EC and NaCl and with an increase in pH and DO levels. The DO increased many folds over 168 h or 7 days after treatments and served as a useful indicator of water quality. Considerable variation percentages (either reduction or increment) were observed in different parameters treated with the phytoremediator. The study findings indicate that the aquatic macrophyte has a significant potential for improving water quality parameters by removing pollutants from eutrophic lake water bodies.
The generation of oxygen radicals and their derivatives, known as reactive oxygen species, (ROS) ... more The generation of oxygen radicals and their derivatives, known as reactive oxygen species, (ROS) is a part of the signaling process in higher plants at lower concentrations, but at higher concentrations, those ROS cause oxidative stress. Salinity-induced osmotic stress and ionic stress trigger the overproduction of ROS and, ultimately, result in oxidative damage to cell organelles and membrane components, and at severe levels, they cause cell and plant death. The antioxidant defense system protects the plant from salt-induced oxidative damage by detoxifying the ROS and also by maintaining the balance of ROS generation under salt stress. Different plant hormones and genes are also associated with the signaling and antioxidant defense system to protect plants when they are exposed to salt stress. Salt-induced ROS overgeneration is one of the major reasons for hampering the morpho-physiological and biochemical activities of plants which can be largely restored through enhancing the ant...
Asia Pacific Journal of Energy and Environment, 2020
The Phytoremediation ability of aquatic macrophyte, Azolla as potential biomass, to improve the q... more The Phytoremediation ability of aquatic macrophyte, Azolla as potential biomass, to improve the quality of eutrophic lakes and river water of Bangladesh at lab scale were studied to remove organics, solutes and improving the physicochemical properties of water including pH, DO, EC, TDS, Turbidity and NaCl concentration. In the different eutrophic water, a 100% survival rate of the species was observed. The extensive root system of the phytoremediator improves water quality after one week as determined by a marked decrease in Turbidity, TDS, EC & Nacl and increased in DO and pH. DO content served as a useful indicator of water quality and increased manifolds over 7 days (one week) of treatment. The capability of the plant in removing pollutants and improving water quality was established from the study. After phytoremediation activities, the discarded energy crop biomass could be used to produce green energy because of its high growth potential.
AbstractConventional building materials like fired clay brick (FCB) and concrete blocks are expen... more AbstractConventional building materials like fired clay brick (FCB) and concrete blocks are expensive and, in some cases, have detrimental effect on environment. Compressed stabilized earth block (...
Salinity is a serious environmental hazard which limits world agricultural production by adversel... more Salinity is a serious environmental hazard which limits world agricultural production by adversely affects plant physiology and biochemistry. Hence increase tolerance against salt stress is very important. In this study, we explored the function of β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) in enhancing salt stress tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). After pretreatment with BABA, seedlings were exposed to NaCl (100 mM and 150 mM) for 2 days. Salt stress increased Na content and decreased K content in shoot and root. It disrupted the antioxidant defense system by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS; H2O2 and O2•−), methylglyoxal (MG) content and causing oxidative stress. It also reduced the growth and photosynthetic pigments of seedlings but increased proline (Pro) content. However, BABA pretreatment in salt-stressed seedlings increased ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) contents; GSH/GSSG ratio; and the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), d...
Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences, 2018
obstructions (SBO) requiring nasogastric (NGT) placement with 1 requiring total parenteral nutrit... more obstructions (SBO) requiring nasogastric (NGT) placement with 1 requiring total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Five patients had prolonged ileus with 4 requiring TPN and NGT placement. For > 90 days, 3 patients had partial SBO requiring NGT placement with only 1 requiring TPN. Long-term metabolic complications included hypokalemia (8 patients), hyperchloremia (5 patients), and metabolic acidosis (8 patients) all managed medically. CONCLUSIONS: Sigmoid colon urinary conduit is a relatively safe and feasible option for patients getting total pelvic exenteration for malignancy and obviates the need for small bowel anastomosis and possible associated complications.
This paper presents an overview of the prospect of biofuel resources in Bangladesh with second-ge... more This paper presents an overview of the prospect of biofuel resources in Bangladesh with second-generation (2G) aquatic energy crop—Duckweed. The review sheds light on growing duckweed as a promising feedstock to produce ethanol and biogas, as they can minimize dependence on limited crude oil and natural gas—fossil fuels that Bangladesh largely depends on. Current reserves are inadequate to meet the energy demand for long term economic growth. Biofuels, as nontoxic and biodegradable alternatives, could replace harmful fossil fuels as combustion of biofuel emits considerably less amount of CO x , SO x , hydrocarbons and particulate matter. Bangladesh has millions of hectors of potential sites across lakes, rivers and ponds, which can conduct high rates of nutrient uptake via phytoremediation, such as Nitrogen and Phosphorus, in industrial wastewater, and then be used to produce biofuels. The review explores different production processes and briefly charts future research agenda for the proliferation of clean energy in Bangladesh using locally available products.
The contribution of respiratory viruses to childhood pneumonia in tropical low- and middle-income... more The contribution of respiratory viruses to childhood pneumonia in tropical low- and middle-income countries is poorly understood. We used population-based respiratory illness surveillance in children <5 years old in Dhaka, Bangladesh, to characterize these illnesses. We conducted weekly home visits to children who were referred to clinic for fever or respiratory symptoms. Standardized clinical data were collected. Nasopharyngeal washes were collected for one fifth of children diagnosed with a febrile or respiratory syndrome, with virus isolation testing for influenza and RT-PCR testing for other viruses. Pneumonia was defined as age-specific tachypnea and crepitations on chest auscultation by study physicians. From April 2004-February 2008, 17,584 children were followed for 17,644 child-years; 6,335 children had 12,499 clinic visits with eligible illnesses, including 6,345 pneumonia episodes (incidence of 36 episodes/100 child-years). Annual incidence of pneumonia/100 child-years ranged from 88.3 for children 0-6 months to 13.1 for those 36-60 months. Of 1,248 pneumonia visits with laboratory testing, 803 (64%) had detection of viral pathogens, including 274 respiratory syncytial virus (22% of pneumonia visits with laboratory testing; incidence 7.9/100 child-years), 244 adenovirus (19%; 7.0/100 child-years), 198 human metapneumovirus (16%; 5.7/100 child-years), 174 parainfluenza (14.0%; 5.0/100 child-years), and 81 influenza (6.5%; 2.3/100 child years). Viral pathogens contribute to a majority of childhood pneumonia episodes in Bangladesh, a setting with high pneumonia rates, especially in children <2 years old. Developing effective prevention strategies targeting these children is a high priority. Given less sensitive laboratory method used for influenza detection, influenza rates may be underestimated.
To investigate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO)-induced paraquat... more To investigate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO)-induced paraquat (PQ) tolerance in plants, we pretreated a set of 10-day-old Brassica napus seedlings with 500 μM sodium nitroprusside (SNP - a NO donor) for 24 h. Then, three doses of PQ (62.5, 125 and 250 μM) were applied separately, as well as to SNP-pretreated seedlings, and the seedlings were allowed to grow for an additional 48 h. The seedlings treated with PQ showed clear, dose-dependent signs of oxidative stress, with elevated levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA, malondialdehyde), HOand Ogeneration, and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity. Paraquat treatment disrupted pools of water-soluble antioxidants (ascorbate-AsA and reduced glutathione-GSH). Paraquat had different effects on the activities of antioxidant enzymes. The activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) decreased after PQ treatment in a dose-dependent manner, while the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate...
Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 4, 2018
The Madhabdi municipality in the Narsingdi district of Bangladesh is a well-known area for textil... more The Madhabdi municipality in the Narsingdi district of Bangladesh is a well-known area for textile, handloom weaving, and dyeing industries. These textile industries produce a considerable amount of effluents, sewage sludge, and solid waste materials every day that they directly discharge into surrounding water bodies and agricultural fields. This disposal poses a serious threat to the overall epidemic and socio-economic pattern of the locality. This research entailed the collection of 34 handloom-dyeing effluent samples from different handloom-dyeing industries of Madhabdi, which were then analyzed to determine the contents of the heavy metals iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd). Average concentrations of Fe, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, and Zn were 3.81, 1.35, 1.70, 0.17, 0.75, and 0.73 mg L, respectively, whereas Cd content was below the detectable limit of the atomic adsorption spectrophotometer. The concentrations of Fe, Cr, Cu, Pb, ...
In this study, we have characterized the role of carotenoids and chlorophyll in the compatible in... more In this study, we have characterized the role of carotenoids and chlorophyll in the compatible interaction between the sedentary root knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne graminicola and the monocot model plant rice (Oryza sativa). Previous transcriptome data showed a differential expression of carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthesis genes in nematode-induced giant cells and gall tissue. Metabolite measurement showed that galls indeed accumulate chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids, as well as the hormone abscisic acid (ABA). When ABA was externally applied on rice plants, or when ABA-biosynthesis was inhibited, a significant increase in gall formation and nematode development was found, showing the complex role of ABA in this interaction. ABA application suppressed jasmonic acid (JA) levels in the plants, while ABA-biosynthesis inhibition lead to increased JA levels confirming an antagonism between ABA and JA in rice roots. In addition, combined applications of ABA and JA showed that the AB...
International journal of molecular sciences, Jan 20, 2017
Being sessile organisms, plants are frequently exposed to various environmental stresses that cau... more Being sessile organisms, plants are frequently exposed to various environmental stresses that cause several physiological disorders and even death. Oxidative stress is one of the common consequences of abiotic stress in plants, which is caused by excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sometimes ROS production exceeds the capacity of antioxidant defense systems, which leads to oxidative stress. In line with ROS, plants also produce a high amount of methylglyoxal (MG), which is an α-oxoaldehyde compound, highly reactive, cytotoxic, and produced via different enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions. This MG can impair cells or cell components and can even destroy DNA or cause mutation. Under stress conditions, MG concentration in plants can be increased 2- to 6-fold compared with normal conditions depending on the plant species. However, plants have a system developed to detoxify this MG consisting of two major enzymes: glyoxalase I (Gly I) and glyoxalase II (Gly II), and he...
Bangladesh Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2016
Gestational trophoblastic disease is a spectrum of tumors with a wide range of biologic behaviour... more Gestational trophoblastic disease is a spectrum of tumors with a wide range of biologic behaviour and potential for metastasis. It refers to both the benign and malignant entities of the spectrum and includes hydatidiform mole, invasive mole, choriocarcinoma and placental site trophoblastic tumour (PSTT). The last three are termed gestational trophoblastic tumours
Hydroponically grown 12-day-old rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan47) seedlings were exposed to ... more Hydroponically grown 12-day-old rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan47) seedlings were exposed to 150 mM NaCl alone and combined with 0.5 mM MnSO 4 . Salt stress resulted in disruption of ion homeostasis by Na ? influx and K ? efflux. Higher accumulation of Na ? and water imbalance under salinity caused osmotic stress, chlorosis, and growth inhibition. Salt-induced ionic toxicity and osmotic stress consequently resulted in oxidative stress by disrupting the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems through overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methylglyoxal (MG), respectively. The saltinduced damage increased with the increasing duration of stress. However, exogenous application of manganese (Mn) helped the plants to partially recover from the inhibited growth and chlorosis by improving ionic and osmotic homeostasis through decreasing Na ? influx and increasing water status, respectively. Exogenous application of Mn increased ROS detoxification by increasing the content of the phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and ascorbate (AsA), and increasing the activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in the salt-treated seedlings. Supplemental Mn also reinforced MG detoxification by increasing the activities of glyoxalase I (Gly I) and glyoxalase II (Gly II) in the salt-affected seedlings. Thus, exogenous application of Mn conferred salt-stress tolerance through the coordinated action of ion homeostasis and the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems in the salt-affected seedlings.
Vertical expansion of Jatropha curcas L by roof-top gardening with pot experimental studies were ... more Vertical expansion of Jatropha curcas L by roof-top gardening with pot experimental studies were carried out to produce feedstock of Jatropha for production of biofuel and related byproducts. The plant can grow on eroded land and needs comparatively limited amounts of natural resource and capital inputs and garners much interest from developing nations based on an agrarian societal ecosystem. The experiment also focused in evaluating the physiochemical parameters of resulting Jatropha oil, biodiesel, glycerin and seed cake characteristics after extraction. The seeds of the plants after two years of germination were collected from the earthen pot to extract fuel. After maturity, the plant provided about 250 ml of crude oil per plant and the characteristics of fuel responded better (Flash point of 254°C, Ignition point 323.6°C, Specific gravity of 0.922, Density 0.919, high Cetane number, or Ignition Quality, of 56.7, Sulfur % of 0.125, Iodine (103.67 mg/g) and Saponification value of 196.85 mg/g) in comparison to fossil fuel. Higher nutrient content were found in seed cake residue obtained after oil extraction, which could potentially be used as an excellent organic fertilizer, with nutrients value, N = 3.48%, P2O5 = 1.78% and K 2 O = 1.57%. Also the oil contains a comparatively high percentage of unsaturated fatty acid (79.34%) resulting in characteristically low levels of free fatty acids, which improves storability. The crude oil without any modification could easily be used in lamp for illumination. The high iodine value and the presence of unsaturated fatty acids enables it to remain fluid at lower temperatures. The low sulfur content equates to less harmful sulfur dioxide (SO 2) emitted when the fuel is burnt. The crude oil then converted to biodiesel by transesterification process with the byproduct glycerin. 250 ml crude oil could produce about 243 ml of biodiesel. Biodiesel could be used in farming machineries, irrigation pumps, building generator and transportations with greater environmental benefits than conventional carbon-based fossil fuels. Roof-top gardening of plants in this setting also allows for a cooling effect in direct response to urban heat-island effects.
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