Papers by Kamrul Tarafder
American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 2020
Introduction: Anigo-fibroma is vascular swelling arising in the nasopharynx of prepubertal and ad... more Introduction: Anigo-fibroma is vascular swelling arising in the nasopharynx of prepubertal and adolescent males and exhibiting strong tendency to bleed, also termed as nasopharyngeal fibroma or a nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. It accounts for less than 0.5% of all head & neck tumour. It occurs almost exclusively in adolescent male, though rarely found in children and elderly young. It is a rare <1% of head and neck tumors benign mesenchymal neoplasm composed of a vascular proliferation within a cellular, densely collagenizedstroma, typically originating in the nasopharynx, affecting adolescent males. It occurs most often in male adolescents with an average age at diagnosis of 14-16 years. Anyway, there are very few studies, regarding Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma in Bangladrsh and there is not much national data about this issue. Hence, the researcher purposively a total of 30 patients of juvenile nasophryngeal angiofibroma (JNA) included in this study from ENT department of Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College, Bogura, Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to find out the common mode of clinical presentation with their site of extension and different surgical approaches adopted for them. Methods& Materials: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of otolaryngology and head, neck surgery of Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College, Bogura, Bangladesh, which is the 2 nd generation tertiary level medical service institution during the period from Jan 2017 to Dec 2019. All data were analyzed by using simple statistical data analyzed tools. Result: Almost all the present with recurrent epistaxis 28 (93.33%), following by nasal obstruction 26 (86.66%), nasal discharge 25 (83.33%), facial swelling 10 (33.33%), protrusion of the eyeball 4 (13.33%), aural symptoms 3 (10%) and headache 2 (6.66%). Majority of our patient presented with multiple symptoms. Analysis of the finding showed that 100% had nasopharyngeal mass, nasal mass 86.66% palatal bulging 66.66%, swelling of the cheek 33.33%, proptosis 13.33% and headache with blurring of vision 6.66%, these are obtained after thorough clinical examination both local and general. Extension of the tumour assessed on the basis C scan, MRI, as well as observation on the operation showed, nasal cavity 100% and into the pterygopalantine fossa 40%, infratemporal fossa 33.33%, orbit 13.33%, oropharynx 10% maxillary antrum 6.66%, sphenoid sinus 3.33%, ethmoidal sinus 3.33% and 6.66% infra oranial extension. Regarding treatment surgical resection was the most common principal mode of treatment offered to the 93.33% patient but radiotherapy given in 6.66% patient. Conclusion: All young males of this study with nasal obstruction or nose bleed (or both) should be suspected of having juvenile angiofibroma. Angiography to find out feeding vessel to do pre-operative embolization is helpful for surgery. This together with hypotensive anaesthesia and operated by a skilled surgeon having sound knowledge about nasopharynx can lessen the haemorrhage, thereby reduce the mortality and morbidity.
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Dec 9, 2020
Background: Venous malformations (VMs) are a variety of low flow vascular malformations, which ar... more Background: Venous malformations (VMs) are a variety of low flow vascular malformations, which are developmental error of morphogenesis of veins where veins are dysplastic lined by quiescent or normal endothelium. Although surgical extirpation is the standard method for the treatment of vascular malformations, this procedure often leads to significant loss of motor function, nerve damage, or massive bleeding in patients which may endanger the life. Therefore, sclerotherapy has now been accepted as a less invasive alternative and good results have been obtained. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical outcomes after Foam sclerotherapy with injection Ethanolamine Oleate (EO) for the treatment of VMs in head-neck region.
Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ, 2014
Sinusitis is defined as a condition manifested by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose... more Sinusitis is defined as a condition manifested by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose & paranasal sinuses, fluid within this cavities and or underlying bone. Chronic rhinosinusitis is diagnosed by the presence of two or more of the following factors facial congestion/fullness, nasal obstruction, nasal discharge or discolored post nasal drainage, hyposmia/anosmia or one major and two of the following minor factors, headache. Halitosis, fatigue, dental pain, cough, ear pressure, fullness. The use of endoscope during surgery of nose & para nasal sinuses improves visualization enable greater preservation of normal structures and reduces the necessity for wide exposure. This cross-sectional study on 50 cases of chronic rhinosinusitis carried out during a period of 6 months. All the cases of both endonasal endoscopic sinus surgery (EESS) group and conventional group assessed clinically endoscopicaly and by imaging both pre and post-operative period. Twenty five cases were EESS...
Mymensingh Medical Journal, Jul 1, 2007
A prospective study was done on 93 cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma to find out the outc... more A prospective study was done on 93 cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma to find out the outcome of management according to the protocol followed in the Department of ENT-Head and Neck Surgery of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Hospital. Here Papillary carcinoma is more common (76.35%) than follicular carcinoma. Papillary carcinoma affected in the younger patients more commonly than the follicular carcinoma with a mean age of 34.37years (SD=12.81) for papillary carcinoma and 44.93 years (SD=16.01) for follicular carcinoma; but age as a risk factor showed no significant difference between two histological types (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;0.05). Female was the predominant sex with a ratio of 3.04:1. In this series majority of patients were categorized as high risk group (75.27%). There is strong association between histological type &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; risk group (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). High risk group is more common in follicular carcinoma (95.45% Vs 69.01%). There was a significant differences between the two histological types for extrathyroidal extention and distant metastasis as risk factors (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.01 and p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001); but tumour size and lymphatic metastasis showed no significant difference (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;0.05). All low risk patients were treated by hemithyriodectomy followed by life long thyroxine. All high risk cases were treated with total thyroidectomy with (35.71%) or without (62.86%) different types of neck dissection (according to the degree of lymph node involvement) followed by radioiodine ablasion and lifelong thyroxine therapy routinely. Overall rate of complication of thyroid surgery was 23.08%. The commoner complications were vocal cord palsy (5.5%), hypoparathyroidism (5.5%) and haemorrhage (4.4%). Less common complications were laryngeal oedema (2.2%), wound infection (2.2%), tracheal injury (1.1%) and death (2.2%). Many cases lost to follow up. Sixty seven cases (73.64%) responded well for follow-up. Mean duration of follow up was 3.40 years (SD=1.41). There was recurrence in thyroid remnant in 9.09% of hemithyroidectomy cases and were treated by completion thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine ablasion. Regional lymphatic metastasis was seen in six cases and was treated by different types of neck dissection. Recurrence at distal site was seen in 4 cases (18.18% of follicular carcinoma). These were treated by radioiodine ablation; two of them died during the period of follow-up.
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Apr 20, 2012
Objective: In this study 50 patients of neck swelling were studied to compare the findings with c... more Objective: In this study 50 patients of neck swelling were studied to compare the findings with clinical diagnosis and histopathological report for its diagnostic reliability.
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal, Jun 29, 2012
When we age, not only our aches and pains worsen, our skin wrinkles, teeth fall out, and our hair... more When we age, not only our aches and pains worsen, our skin wrinkles, teeth fall out, and our hair disappears, voices show sign of age as well. Few of us just think about how important it is until it stops functioning properly. In advanced age, we loose some of the fine coordination that we had in younger years, we loose muscle mass, our mucous membrane become thin and dry. Aging affect two main aspects of vocal fold anatomy and function. First, much like muscles elsewhere in the body, muscles of the vocal fold loses bulk (atrophy). Second, the flexible tissues which are responsible for vocal fold vibration during voicing (i.e. superficial lamina propria) become thinner, stiffer and less pliable. Together these changes sometimes results in voice which is percieved as sounding 'old'. The aging and upper aerodigestive tract: The phonatory organ is composed of the resonator (larynx), the articulator (supraglottic structures) and the compressor (lungs). Age related changes in any one or all of these structures can have a direct impact on voice quality and general comfort level (direct factors). 1
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Nov 1, 2021
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Jul 1, 2020
Objective: In this study 50 patients of neck swelling were studied to compare the findings with c... more Objective: In this study 50 patients of neck swelling were studied to compare the findings with clinical diagnosis and histopathological report for its diagnostic compatibility.
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Jan 26, 2020
Background: Hairy polyp or dermoid is a benign bigerminal congenital germ cell tumour. It is a ra... more Background: Hairy polyp or dermoid is a benign bigerminal congenital germ cell tumour. It is a rare condition in the nasopharynx. Hairy polyp in head and neck region consists less than 5% of that occurs in whole body. Objective: To report a rare nasopharyngeal benign condition presented without obstructive symptoms. Case: A four-year-old female child presented with a pedunculated dermoid tumour attached to the left lateral wall of nasopharynx. There was an associated unilateral cleft in soft palate. The tumour was removed by dissecting with bipolar diathermy by combined endonasal endoscopic and transoral approach. Conclusion: Hairy polyp in nasopharynx may present as an incidental asymptomatic mass in throat and may be associated with a cleft palate.
Scientific Research Journal, Sep 25, 2019
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Feb 9, 2015
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal, Aug 5, 2016
Meningocele and meningoencephalocele are raxe entities produced by hemiation of cranial contents ... more Meningocele and meningoencephalocele are raxe entities produced by hemiation of cranial contents at the defective axeas of the skull base, which may be congenital, spontaneous or traumatic. The condition may present as CSF rhinorrhoea, nasal obstruction or even with meningitis. Management of these basal encephaloceles with endoscopic surgery provides a direct view of the skull base and cause less morbidity compared with transcranial approach. Two cases have been reported her6, first, a meningocele presented as a case of recurrent CSF rhinorrhoea and the second one, a meningoencephalocele presented as recwrent meningitis, treated using an endoscopic procedure and reviews the literature regarding their management.
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Nov 24, 2012
Laryngology, as a medical discipline originated in Vienna, between 1857 and 1859, thanks to an Au... more Laryngology, as a medical discipline originated in Vienna, between 1857 and 1859, thanks to an Austrian neurologist, Ludwig Turck, and a Czechoslovak physiologist, Johann Czermak, who introduced, to clinical studies, the most useful and efficacious means with to carry out indirect laryngoscopy: the laryngeal mirror invented, three years earlier, by the Maestro of song, Manuel Garcia. Endoscopy, the possibility to observe in vivo the characteristics of the hidden organ, was the indispensable condition with which to develop new specialties such as rhinology, urology and also laryngology.
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 1970
Otolaryngology emerges from candle to laser illumination. Cochlear implant helps a born deaf chil... more Otolaryngology emerges from candle to laser illumination. Cochlear implant helps a born deaf child to enjoy the sounds of this nature. Due to laser application a child with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis can enjoy the natural voice without tracheostomy. Endonasal endoscopy with Hopkin's rod telescopy helps otolaryngologists approach to sphenoid sinus, optic nerve, pituitary fossa, clivus, cavernous sinus, anterior and middle cranial fossa without open craniotomy. PET/ CT aids in cancer diagnosis and follow up. otolaryngology improved a lot in last two decades. It is based on talbot law. According to it, physical images linger on retina for 0.2 seconds after exposure. Therefore, sequential images produced at interval <0.2 seconds produce the illusion of a continuous image. It involves use of a strobe light which is linked to the frequency of the patient's voice. When the patient utters a tone, the light strobes at a frequency that may be either identical to or close to the frequency of the voice detected. Using this frequency, the recording device can produce a set of rapidly produced still images which gives illusion of continuous motion. Stroboscopy is used to assess vocal fold vibration patterns, mucosal pliability, underlying layered structure of vocal folds, and undersurface of vocal fold edges.
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Feb 5, 2020
Congenital choanal atresia (CCA) is the development failure of the nasal cavity to communicate wi... more Congenital choanal atresia (CCA) is the development failure of the nasal cavity to communicate with nasopharynx. It is an uncommon congenital anomaly of nose with an incidence of approximately 1 in 5000-7000 live births. Choanal atresia is caused by failure of resorption of the nasobuccal membrane during embryonic development. Choanal atresia has a significant association with CHARGE syndrome. Surgical intervention is recommended in the first weeks of life in bilateral cases because this is a life threatening condition. Two cases of congenital bilateral choanla atresia (CCA) was admitted in the department of Otolaryngology & Head-Neck Surgery at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) with the complaints of intermittent attacks of cyanosis, dyspnea, respiratory distress and history of inability to take feeds. On examination both babies had respiratory distress, mucoid discharge from both nasal cavities. A soft rubber catheter was passed into both nares revealed the diagnosis of bilateral CCA which was confirmed by flexible nasoendoscopy. Bilateral CCA was managed with a nasopharyngeal airway. Surgery is the definitive treatment with two main approaches namely transnasal and transpalatal. We discuss successful management of two neonates with bilateral CCA by endonasal endoscopic approach.
Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal, 2021
Background : Hearing impairment is one of the leading causes of disability in Bangladesh. Since h... more Background : Hearing impairment is one of the leading causes of disability in Bangladesh. Since half the cases can be prevented through public awareness, early detection and timely management, planning of public health interventions become necessary. To achieve this, a nationwide level of evidence is required. This survey was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of hearing impairment in Bangladesh. Materials and methods : The study was a cross-sectional one, conducted between January to May 2013, where a multistage, geographically clustered sampling approach was used. A total of 52 primary sampling units were selected, and from each unit households were selected at random followed by random selection of an individual from each household. In total, 5,220 people were targeted out of which data collection could be completed from 4260 individuals. (82%). Following clinical assessment of study subjects, hearing status was assessed by pure tone audiometry and otoacoustic e...
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 2020
Objective: In this study 50 patients of neck swelling were studied to compare the findings with c... more Objective: In this study 50 patients of neck swelling were studied to compare the findings with clinical diagnosis and histopathological report for its diagnostic compatibility. Methods: This cross sectional study was done in Department of Otolaryngology –Head & Neck Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from July 2015 to June 2017. Fine needle aspiration cytology, MRI, CT scan, and histopathological examination of postoperative specimen of neck swelling, analyzed data presented by various tables, graphs and figures. Results:In the present series 50 cases of neck swelling were studied. Out of these 50 cases 19 were male and 31 were female. The male, female ratio was 1:1.63. Age range was 4 – 60 years with maximum frequency in the 4 decade with the 3 and 2 in the following suit. Most of the patient were poor. Clinical, cytological and histopathological diagnosis were available in all the cases. The three sorts of diagnoses were compared with each other. Histopathologically 12 cases were tubercular lymphadenopathy. Metastatic carcinoma and lymphoma 5 cases for each. Twelve were nodular goiter, 5 were thyroid carcinoma. Rest were benign, congenital and nonspecific inflammatory conditions. Correct diagnosis were made by FNAC in 45 cases. In the rest 5 cases smear were unsatisfactory in 2 cases and gives inconclusive result, remaining 3 were follicular neoplasm and no definitive result were made which were subsequently diagnosed by histopathological examination as a follicular adenoma in 1 and follicular carcinoma in 2. Sensitivity of FNAC in the diagnosis of neck masses were found 91% for tuberculosis, 100% for metastatic carcinoma also for salivary gland tumour. In case of nodular goiter sensitivity was 92%. But it is only 60% sensitive in case of thyroid malignancy, as FNAC can not demarcate clearly between follicular adenoma and follicular cell carcinoma. But its accuracy in diagnosing papillary cell carcinoma of thyroid was 100%. Conclusion: Keeping the limitations in mind, FNAC can reduce substantially the need of open biopsy for histopathological examination. Last of all I wish to conclude the study with the popular saying of Stewart “Diagnosis by aspiration is as reliable as the combined intelligence of the clinician and pathologist makes it”.
Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ, 2020
Cutting and ligation of facial artery is the conventional practice for excision of submandibular ... more Cutting and ligation of facial artery is the conventional practice for excision of submandibular gland. Facial artery is the main arterial supply to the lower face. Its preservation results in preservation of large proportion of vascularity to the lower face, preserves vascularity of platysma myocutaneous flap, allows repair of lower lip using Bernard's technique; facial artery is one of the most important recipient artery for microvascular free flap in modern reconstructive surgery in head and neck oncology. This prospective study was carried out in Department of Otolaryngology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Hospital (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from October 2005 to October 2012 on 31 cases. Chronic submandibular sialoadenitis, benign submandibular gland tumours and cases of neck dissection where level I cervical lymph nodes were not involved by metastasis were included in this study. The facial artery was identified proximal to the gland and was dissected free from...
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
not available Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 28(1): 1-5
Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 1970
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Papers by Kamrul Tarafder