Kamran Chapi

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Armando Marques-Guedes

UNL - New University of Lisbon

Xose-Lois Armada

CSIC (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Spanish National Research Council)

Alexei Kouprianov

Independent Scholar

Rigas Arvanitis

Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD - France)

Lucia Novakova

Trnava University / Slovak Academy of Sciences

Eckart Otto

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

Hanno Pahl

Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn

Maurizio Vivarelli

Università degli Studi di Torino

Enrico Pio Ardolino

Università degli Studi "La Sapienza" di Roma

Kanchan Kamila

The University of Burdwan

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Papers by Kamran Chapi

Impact of global climate change on temperature seasonal and annual of Arak city in the 2040s

Environmental Sciences, Sep 19, 2021

Introduction: Global warming is the most important challenge facing man in the 21st century. Warm... more Introduction: Global warming is the most important challenge facing man in the 21st century. Warmer weather will increase evapotranspiration, which will exacerbate droughts. One of the main causes of global warming is man himself. Humans have accelerated the Earth's climate change by producing large amounts of greenhouse gases. For this reason, information about changes in the earth's temperature in the next decades has always been considered. The results of the researchers show that climate change has obvious and significant effects on temperature and rainfall in different parts of Iran in the next decades. By predicting and estimating the extent of these effects, climate change impacts can be mitigated with adequate preparedness, low cost, and greater speed.Material and methods: In this study, the effect of climate change on the mean maximum and minimum annual and seasonal temperatures in Arak under the emission scenarios of RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5 for the 2040s was investigated. To use the output of General Circulation Models at regional and local scales is that they are using downscaling models, are downscaled. In this study, Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) to downscale output of General Circulation Models CanESM2 were used. This model had an acceptable ability to simulate the average maximum and minimum seasonal and annual temperatures in the study area. Results and discussion: According to the obtained results, the mean maximum temperature in winter and spring will decrease under all three scenarios RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5, which can indicate that the daily temperature will be cooler in these seasons. However, the mean maximum temperature will increase in summer and autumn, which may indicate that the daily temperature will be warmer in these seasons. The mean minimum temperature in winter and spring under all three scenarios RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5 will decrease and increase in summer seasons. These results show that in the 2040s, the city of Arak has colder night temperatures in winter and spring and warmer temperatures in summer and spring. Due to the fact that warmer weather increases the demand for water and electricity, and because Arak is an industrial city with a dry climate, it can face serious challenges of water and electricity shortage in the future.Conclusion: According to the results obtained in this study, in the 2040s, Arak will have colder winters and springs, and warmer summers and autumns. The highest effect of climate change on the temperature of Arak is related to the average minimum temperature in autumn, which under the scenarios of RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5, the average minimum temperature in autumn increased by 206.88, 196.37 and 192.27 percent, respectively. The mean annual maximum and minimum temperature under all three scenarios will increase in the 2040s. The highest increase in the mean annual maximum and minimum temperature is related to RCP8.5 and RCP2.6 scenarios, respectively, which they are equal to 4.14 and 4.38.

Fuzzy flash flood risk and vulnerability assessment for the city of Sanandaj, Kurdistan Province, Iran

Natural Hazards

The Estimating of Synthetic Unit Hydrograph Using Regional Flood Analysis and Geomorphologic Parameters (Case Study: Kanisavaran and Marenj Watersheds, Kurdistan)

JWSS - Isfahan University of Technology, 2012

مهم و نيلوا ،ليس فارگورديه دروآرب حرط يارجا و يحارط رد مدق نيرت حرـط رد هـلمج زا يکيلوردـيه و يکي... more مهم و نيلوا ،ليس فارگورديه دروآرب حرط يارجا و يحارط رد مدق نيرت حرـط رد هـلمج زا يکيلوردـيه و يکيژولورديه ياه راـهم ياـه يم رامش هب بلايس ديآ . هضوح رد اه ي ا دقاف ي هاگتس ه ي رتمورد ي ه دروآرب ي انبم رب دحاو فارگورد ي صوصخ ي ژولوفروموئژ تا ي ک ي هضوح اـه م تروص ي گ ي در . هـقطنم لـيلحت زا هدافتـسا اـب يعونصـم دـحاو فارگوردـيه دروآرـب رضاح شهوژپ زا فده ياـهرتماراپ و بلايـس يا يناک زيخبآ هضوح ود رد يکيژولوفروموئژ يم ،جدننس ناتسرهش يقرش بونج رد جنرام و ناراوس دشاب . فارگورديه ۱ و ۲ هدافتسا اب هتعاس هداد زا يا رد ليس رثکادح يبد ياه هقطنم ليلحت يانبم رب يرتمورديه هاگتس دنديدرگ هيهت بلايس يا . هداد و يدروآرب بلايس يبد ينامز ياه هدهاشم رب يا شان بيرض ساسا و يباـيزرا دروـم ساـياب و قـلطم ياـهاطخ ساـسارب يعونصـم دـحاو فارگوردـيه داعبا و فيلکتاس تحص دنتفرگ رارق يجنس . لدم هک دنداد ناشن جياتن رگر ياه هلمج دنچ ينويس ياـهرتماراپ هبـساحم يارـب نيـيبت بيرض نيرتشيب ياراد يا هدوب يعونصم دحاو فارگورديه دنا . نومزآ تحص ياه هداد هک دنداد ناشن يجنس يبد يدروآرب ياه شان بيرض اب بلايس ياه ؛فيلکتاـس ۹۸۸ / ...

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A GIS-based logistic regression model in rock-fall susceptibility mapping along a mountainous road: Salavat Abad case study, Kurdistan, Iran

Natural Hazards, 2012

This study describes the application of logistic regression to rock-fall susceptibility mapping a... more This study describes the application of logistic regression to rock-fall susceptibility mapping along 11 km of a mountainous road on the Salavat Abad saddle, in southwest Kurdistan, Iran. To determine the factors influencing rock-falls, data layers of slope degree, slope aspect, slope curvature, elevation, distance to road, distance to fault, lithology, and land use were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. The results are shown as rock-fall susceptibility maps. A spatial database, which included 68 sites (34 rock-fall point cells with value of 1 and 34 no rock-fall point cells with value of 0) was developed and analyzed using a Geographic Information System, GIS. The results are shown as four classes of rock-fall susceptibility. In this study, distance to fault, lithology, slope curvature, slope degree, and distance to road were found to be the most important factors affecting rock-fall. It was concluded that about 76 % of the study area can be classified as having moderate and high susceptibility classes. Rock-fall point cells were used to verify results of the rock-fall susceptibility map using success curve rate and the area under the curve. The verification results showed that the area under the curve for rock-fall susceptibility map is 77.57 %. The results from this study demonstrated that the use of a logistic regression model within a GIS framework is useful and suitable for rock-fall susceptibility mapping. The rock-fall susceptibility map can be used to reduce susceptibility associated with rock-fall. Keywords Rock-fall Á Susceptibility map Á Logistic regression Á Salavat Abad Á Kurdistan Á Iran 1 Introduction Rock-falls occur when masses of rock or other material detach from a steep slope or cliff and descend by free fall, sliding, toppling, or bouncing. Rock-fall is one of the main slope

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Spatiotemporal patterns of stable isotopes and hydrochemistry in springs and river flow of the upper Karkheh River Basin, Iran

Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, 2014

تأثیر تبدیل مرتع به جنگل دست کاشت بر برخی ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک

تبدیل مرتع به جنگل دست کاشت ویژگی‌های خاک را تحت‌تأثیر قرار میدهد. در پژوهش پیش‌رو به‌منظور برر... more تبدیل مرتع به جنگل دست کاشت ویژگی‌های خاک را تحت‌تأثیر قرار میدهد. در پژوهش پیش‌رو به‌منظور بررسی اثر تبدیل مرتع به جنگل دستکاشت بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک، یک منطقه مرتعی و دو منطقه جنگل‌کاری‌شده با تراکم درختی زیاد (445 اصله در هکتار) و متوسط (262 اصله در هکتار) با شرایط فیزیوگرافی مشابه در جنگلهای دست کاشت حسن آباد سنندج انتخاب شدند. برای بررسی ویژگی‌های فیزیکی خاک ازجمله درصد رطوبت خاک و جرم‌ مخصوص ظاهری خاک، هر دو هفته یکبار از 23 اسفند 1391 تا 21 مرداد 1392 در سه نقطه از هر منطقه نمونه هایی برداشت شد. همچنین آزمایش شدت نفوذپذیری با استفاده از استوانه های مضاعف در سه نقطه در هر منطقه طی یک تکرار انجام شد. هدایت هیدرولیکی اشباع با استفاده از آزمایش نفوذپذیری خاک مورد محاسبه قرار گرفت. نمونه های خاک برای تعیین ویژگی‌های شیمیایی خاک مانند اسیدیته، هدایت الکتریکی، درصد کربن آلی خاک، فسفر قابل‌ جذب و نیتروژن کل خاک به‌طور ماهانه از سه نقطه در هر منطقه از عمق صفر تا 20 سانتی متری خاک به صورت کامل تصادفی در شش تکرار برداشت شدند. نتایج تجزیه‌و‌تحلیل داده ها نشان داد ...

Comparison of Logistic Regression and Frequency Ratio Models in Rockfall Hazard Zonation

A-GIS based approach for flood hazard zonation mapping at Haraz River

Estimation of Willingness to Pay for Conservation of Zarivar Wetland, Iran: A Contingent Valuation Approach

The purpose of this study was to estimate the most important non,market values of the ZW. A surve... more The purpose of this study was to estimate the most important non,market values of the ZW. A survey questionnaire based on Single,bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation approach was utilized in order to elicit Willingness to Pay (WTP) for the ZW conservation. The study was conducted in Kurdistan province in Iran. Three hundred and thirty respondents were willing to pay for conservation of the ZW. The mean WTP was estimated at RLs 275,010.7 annually per household. Considering the whole number of households in the study area which was 164,483 in 2012, the mean WTP for the study area was calculated to be RLs 45,234,593,192.25 annually. The relationships between various explanatory factors and WTP were discovered by applying the Logit model. ‘Bid’ and ‘age’ variables were statistically significant and had a negative effect on the respondents’ WTP. In addition, ‘income’, ‘membership in NGOs’ and ‘number of household’ variables were statistically significant and had a positive eff...

Analysis of Drainage Morphometry and Tectonic Activity in the Dehgolan Basin Kurdistan, Iran, Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System

Experimental Investigation of Flash Flood Resulting from Dam-Break on Bed Sediment Transport

Quantification of Land use/Land cover change in Qorveh-Dehgolan Basin, Kurdistan Province, Iran Using Remote Sensing and GIS

Indian Journal of Forestry

This research aimed to analyze the land use/ land cover (LULC) change in Qorveh-Dehgolan Basin (K... more This research aimed to analyze the land use/ land cover (LULC) change in Qorveh-Dehgolan Basin (Kurdistan, Iran) from 2000 to 2017 (four sets of data) using Landsat (7 and 8) images. Supervised classification using maximum likelihood generated four series of LULC maps by ENVI 5.3 software. Overall, six major classes including bare soil, water body, vegetation cover, agriculture land, grassland, and settlements were identified and mapped.The LULC style has changed over 17 years. It was determined that the waterbody class has continuously reduced about 173.66 km2 from 2000 to 2017 by 63%. The agriculture class has considerably increased from 2000 to 2017 about 129.43 km2 and finally, the area of settlement class increased about 54.06. km2. The overall accuracy was 81.50%, 85.0%, 92.00%, 92.00% for the years of 2000, 2006, 2013 and 2017 respectively.

Effects of Inter-Basin Water Transfer on Water Flow Condition of Destination Basin

Sustainability

In recent years, the intensification of drought and unsustainable management and use of water res... more In recent years, the intensification of drought and unsustainable management and use of water resources have caused a significant decline in the water level of the Urmia Lake in the northwest of Iran. This condition has affected the lake, approaching an irreversible point such that many projects have been implemented and are being implemented to save the natural condition of the Urmia Lake, among which the inter-basin water transfer (IBWT) project from the Zab River to the lake could be considered an important project. The main aim of this research is the evaluation of the IBWT project effects on the Gadar destination basin. Simulations of the geometrical properties of the river, including the bed and flow, have been performed, and the land cover and flood map were overlapped in order to specify the areas prone to flood after implementing the IBWT project. The results showed that with the implementation of this project, the discharge of the Gadar River was approximately tripled and ...

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Landslide susceptibility modeling using different artificial intelligence methods: a case study at Muong Lay district, Vietnam

Geocarto International

Abstract Landslide is a natural hazard which causes huge loss of properties and human life in man... more Abstract Landslide is a natural hazard which causes huge loss of properties and human life in many places of the world. Mapping of landslide susceptibility is an important task for preventing and combating the landslides problems. Main objective of this study is to use different artificial intelligence methods namely support vector machines (SVM), artificial neural networks (ANN), logistic regression (LR), and reduced error-pruning tree (REPT) in the development of models for landslide susceptibility mapping of Muong Lay district of Vietnam. In total data of 217 landslide locations of the study area was used for the development and evaluation of the models. Nine landslide-conditioning factors were used for generating the datasets for training and validating the models. Results show that the SVM outperformed all other methods namely ANN, LR and REPT. Thus, it can be suggested that the SVM method is more useful in developing accurate and robust landslide prediction model.

Modeling Variable Source Area from an Agricultural Watershed

The concept of Variable Source Areas (VSAs) depicts that runoff is generated by the mechanism of ... more The concept of Variable Source Areas (VSAs) depicts that runoff is generated by the mechanism of saturation-excess in different times and spaces within watersheds. Identification of VSAs allows exploring the hydrologically sensitive areas of a watershed which generate more runoff and have higher potential of delivering contaminants to streams. A hydrological model was developed to simulate variable source areas of a small agricultural watershed in southern Ontario. Two summer storms of August 9, 2008 and August 10, 2008 were selected to evaluate the capability of the model for VSA simulation. Calibration of model resulted in the Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient of 63% with relative errors of 12%, 23%, and 0% for peak flow, total flow, and time to peak. Application of model for the second storm was tested with Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of 28%. Simulation of VSA showed a high efficiency of the model to identify the locations of source areas in the watershed which generate ...

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Flood susceptibility mapping at Ningdu catchment, China using bivariate and data mining techniques

Extreme Hydrology and Climate Variability

“Assessing the key drivers of stream network configuration dynamics for tectonically active drainage basins using multitemporal satellite imagery and statistical analyses”

Geocarto International

Risk assessment of water resources pollution from transporting of oil hazardous materials (Sanandaj-Marivan road, Kurdistan Province, Iran)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Comparison of Support Vector Machine, Bayesian Logistic Regression, and Alternating Decision Tree Algorithms for Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Mapping along a Mountainous Road in the West of Iran

Applied Sciences

This paper aims to apply and compare the performance of the three machine learning algorithms–sup... more This paper aims to apply and compare the performance of the three machine learning algorithms–support vector machine (SVM), bayesian logistic regression (BLR), and alternating decision tree (ADTree)–to map landslide susceptibility along the mountainous road of the Salavat Abad saddle, Kurdistan province, Iran. We identified 66 shallow landslide locations, based on field surveys, by recording the locations of the landslides by a global position System (GPS), Google Earth imagery and black-and-white aerial photographs (scale 1: 20,000) and 19 landslide conditioning factors, then tested these factors using the information gain ratio (IGR) technique. We checked the validity of the models using statistical metrics, including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, kappa, root mean square error (RMSE), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). We found that, although all three machine learning algorithms yielded excellent performance, the SVM algorithm (AUC = 0.984) sl...

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“Drainage network extraction and morphometric analysis in an Iranian Basin integrating factor analysis and geospatial techniques”

Geocarto International

Impact of global climate change on temperature seasonal and annual of Arak city in the 2040s

Environmental Sciences, Sep 19, 2021