Highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry and hu... more Highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry and human health worldwide. Inapparently infected birds are suspected to play an essential role in the spread of avian influenza virus. In the current study, a total of 25,646 samples (16,185 chicken, 4696 ducks, 1633 geese and 3132 turkeys) from apparently healthy birds were screened for the presence of positive samples for H5N1 during 2009-2014. The samples were examined by reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) for M, H5 and N1 genes of avian influenza viruses. The results revealed that the HPAI H5N1 existed in an inapparent manner in ducks (4.68 %), geese (4.10 %), chickens (2.48 %) and turkeys (2.29 %). The current finding highlights the serious impact of such type on birds in the epidemiology of H5N1 in birds, animals and humans. It also highlights the existence of another reason other than vaccination that contributes to the widespread of inapparent infection of H5N1 in Egypt.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their fe... more Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their feces. It is a zoonotic food-borne pathogen reaches human food chain resulting in life threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. So we studied the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in diarrheic calves, investigated their ability to produce Shiga toxins, reported their antimicrobial resistance profile and evaluated the physical and immunological effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 against it. E. coli O157:H7 prevalence among 100 diarrheic calves in El-Fayoum Governorate was 5%. All the isolated strains were Shiga toxigenic on Vero cell line and multidrug resistant. L. acidophilus La-5 was active against E. coli O157:H7 physically and immunologically. Physically, L. acidophilus La-5 cells and culture free spent medium co-aggregated and agglutinated E. coli O157:H7 independently. Immunologically in experimental murine model, L. acidophilus La-5 significantly increased the phagocytic activity, ...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry... more Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry and human health worldwide. Fifteen samples from apparently healthy birds in backyard holdings H5N1 isolates were subjected to sequencing of the proteolytic cleavage site of the haemagglutin (HA) gene. PQGEKRRKKRGL/FGA sequence was present in 11/15 of the strains. In 2014, five selected H5N1 positive isolates were subjected to HA1 sequencing and the sequences revealed that the five isolates are belonging to the newly recorded subclade 2.2.1.2. and the amino acid identities showed 97-99% amino acid homology to the lineage 2.2.1.2. Four N-glycosylation sites were detected in the HA1 of the isolated strains and also in many other H5N1 strains. A conspicuous deletion in amino acid 129 and critical amino acid substitutions in potential sites responsible for receptor binding sites, were found in the five isolates. [Khaled G.A. AboZaid. Sequence Analysis of H5N1 Isolates from Backyard Poultry ...
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their fe... more Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their feces. It is a zoonotic food-borne pathogen reaches human food chain resulting in life threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. So we studied the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in diarrheic calves, investigated their ability to produce Shiga toxins, reported their antimicrobial resistance profile and evaluated the physical and immunological effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 against it. E. coli O157:H7 prevalence among 100 diarrheic calves in El-Fayoum Governorate was 5%. All the isolated strains were Shiga toxigenic on Vero cell line and multidrug resistant. L. acidophilus La-5 was active against E. coli O157:H7 physically and immunologically. Physically, L. acidophilus La-5 cells and culture free spent medium co-aggregated and agglutinated E. coli O157:H7 independently. Immunologically in experimental murine model, L. acidophilus La-5 significantly increased the phagocytic activity, phagocytic index and humoral immune response (immunoglobulin G) in the lactobacillus treated group compared with infected group. In addition, L. acidophilus La-5 prevented the attaching and effacing lesions in ceca and reduced the damage in renal tissues. Moreover, L. acidophilus La-5 significantly reduced the load and time of E. coli O157:H7 shedding in Lactobacillus treated group in comparison with infected group. Finally, L. acidophilus La-5 overwhelmed E. coli O157:H7 pathogenicity against intestinal and kidney tissues in murine model via know-hows physical and immune modulating effects.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their fe... more Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their feces. It is a zoonotic food-borne pathogen reaches human food chain resulting in life threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. So we studied the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in diarrheic calves, investigated their ability to produce Shiga toxins, reported their antimicrobial resistance profile and evaluated the physical and immunological effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 against it. E. coli O157:H7 prevalence among 100 diarrheic calves in El-Fayoum Governorate was 5%. All the isolated strains were Shiga toxigenic on Vero cell line and multidrug resistant. L. acidophilus La-5 was active against E. coli O157:H7 physically and immunologically. Physically, L. acidophilus La-5 cells and culture free spent medium co-aggregated and agglutinated E. coli O157:H7 independently. Immunologically in experimental murine model, L. acidophilus La-5 significantly increased the phagocytic activity, phagocytic index and humoral immune response (immunoglobulin G) in the lactobacillus treated group compared with infected group. In addition, L. acidophilus La-5 prevented the attaching and effacing lesions in ceca and reduced the damage in renal tissues. Moreover, L. acidophilus La-5 significantly reduced the load and time of E. coli O157:H7 shedding in Lactobacillus treated group in comparison with infected group. Finally, L. acidophilus La-5 overwhelmed E. coli O157:H7 pathogenicity against intestinal and kidney tissues in murine model via know-hows physical and immune modulating effects.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry and hu... more Highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry and human health worldwide. Inapparently infected birds are suspected to play an essential role in the spread of avian influenza virus. In the current study, a total of 25,646 samples (16,185 chicken, 4696 ducks, 1633 geese and 3132 turkeys) from apparently healthy birds were screened for the presence of positive samples for H5N1 during 2009–2014. The samples were examined by reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) for M, H5 and N1 genes of avian influenza viruses. The results revealed that the HPAI H5N1 existed in an inapparent manner in ducks (4.68 %), geese (4.10 %), chickens (2.48 %) and turkeys (2.29 %). The current finding highlights the serious impact of such type on birds in the epidemiology of H5N1 in birds, animals and humans. It also highlights the existence of another reason other than vaccination that contributes to the widespread of inapparent infection of H5N1 in Egypt.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry and hu... more Highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry and human health worldwide. Inapparently infected birds are suspected to play an essential role in the spread of avian influenza virus. In the current study, a total of 25,646 samples (16,185 chicken, 4696 ducks, 1633 geese and 3132 turkeys) from apparently healthy birds were screened for the presence of positive samples for H5N1 during 2009-2014. The samples were examined by reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) for M, H5 and N1 genes of avian influenza viruses. The results revealed that the HPAI H5N1 existed in an inapparent manner in ducks (4.68 %), geese (4.10 %), chickens (2.48 %) and turkeys (2.29 %). The current finding highlights the serious impact of such type on birds in the epidemiology of H5N1 in birds, animals and humans. It also highlights the existence of another reason other than vaccination that contributes to the widespread of inapparent infection of H5N1 in Egypt.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their fe... more Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their feces. It is a zoonotic food-borne pathogen reaches human food chain resulting in life threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. So we studied the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in diarrheic calves, investigated their ability to produce Shiga toxins, reported their antimicrobial resistance profile and evaluated the physical and immunological effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 against it. E. coli O157:H7 prevalence among 100 diarrheic calves in El-Fayoum Governorate was 5%. All the isolated strains were Shiga toxigenic on Vero cell line and multidrug resistant. L. acidophilus La-5 was active against E. coli O157:H7 physically and immunologically. Physically, L. acidophilus La-5 cells and culture free spent medium co-aggregated and agglutinated E. coli O157:H7 independently. Immunologically in experimental murine model, L. acidophilus La-5 significantly increased the phagocytic activity, ...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry... more Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry and human health worldwide. Fifteen samples from apparently healthy birds in backyard holdings H5N1 isolates were subjected to sequencing of the proteolytic cleavage site of the haemagglutin (HA) gene. PQGEKRRKKRGL/FGA sequence was present in 11/15 of the strains. In 2014, five selected H5N1 positive isolates were subjected to HA1 sequencing and the sequences revealed that the five isolates are belonging to the newly recorded subclade 2.2.1.2. and the amino acid identities showed 97-99% amino acid homology to the lineage 2.2.1.2. Four N-glycosylation sites were detected in the HA1 of the isolated strains and also in many other H5N1 strains. A conspicuous deletion in amino acid 129 and critical amino acid substitutions in potential sites responsible for receptor binding sites, were found in the five isolates. [Khaled G.A. AboZaid. Sequence Analysis of H5N1 Isolates from Backyard Poultry ...
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their fe... more Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their feces. It is a zoonotic food-borne pathogen reaches human food chain resulting in life threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. So we studied the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in diarrheic calves, investigated their ability to produce Shiga toxins, reported their antimicrobial resistance profile and evaluated the physical and immunological effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 against it. E. coli O157:H7 prevalence among 100 diarrheic calves in El-Fayoum Governorate was 5%. All the isolated strains were Shiga toxigenic on Vero cell line and multidrug resistant. L. acidophilus La-5 was active against E. coli O157:H7 physically and immunologically. Physically, L. acidophilus La-5 cells and culture free spent medium co-aggregated and agglutinated E. coli O157:H7 independently. Immunologically in experimental murine model, L. acidophilus La-5 significantly increased the phagocytic activity, phagocytic index and humoral immune response (immunoglobulin G) in the lactobacillus treated group compared with infected group. In addition, L. acidophilus La-5 prevented the attaching and effacing lesions in ceca and reduced the damage in renal tissues. Moreover, L. acidophilus La-5 significantly reduced the load and time of E. coli O157:H7 shedding in Lactobacillus treated group in comparison with infected group. Finally, L. acidophilus La-5 overwhelmed E. coli O157:H7 pathogenicity against intestinal and kidney tissues in murine model via know-hows physical and immune modulating effects.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their fe... more Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 causes diarrhea in calves, and shed in their feces. It is a zoonotic food-borne pathogen reaches human food chain resulting in life threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. So we studied the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in diarrheic calves, investigated their ability to produce Shiga toxins, reported their antimicrobial resistance profile and evaluated the physical and immunological effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 against it. E. coli O157:H7 prevalence among 100 diarrheic calves in El-Fayoum Governorate was 5%. All the isolated strains were Shiga toxigenic on Vero cell line and multidrug resistant. L. acidophilus La-5 was active against E. coli O157:H7 physically and immunologically. Physically, L. acidophilus La-5 cells and culture free spent medium co-aggregated and agglutinated E. coli O157:H7 independently. Immunologically in experimental murine model, L. acidophilus La-5 significantly increased the phagocytic activity, phagocytic index and humoral immune response (immunoglobulin G) in the lactobacillus treated group compared with infected group. In addition, L. acidophilus La-5 prevented the attaching and effacing lesions in ceca and reduced the damage in renal tissues. Moreover, L. acidophilus La-5 significantly reduced the load and time of E. coli O157:H7 shedding in Lactobacillus treated group in comparison with infected group. Finally, L. acidophilus La-5 overwhelmed E. coli O157:H7 pathogenicity against intestinal and kidney tissues in murine model via know-hows physical and immune modulating effects.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry and hu... more Highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 represents a threat to the poultry industry and human health worldwide. Inapparently infected birds are suspected to play an essential role in the spread of avian influenza virus. In the current study, a total of 25,646 samples (16,185 chicken, 4696 ducks, 1633 geese and 3132 turkeys) from apparently healthy birds were screened for the presence of positive samples for H5N1 during 2009–2014. The samples were examined by reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) for M, H5 and N1 genes of avian influenza viruses. The results revealed that the HPAI H5N1 existed in an inapparent manner in ducks (4.68 %), geese (4.10 %), chickens (2.48 %) and turkeys (2.29 %). The current finding highlights the serious impact of such type on birds in the epidemiology of H5N1 in birds, animals and humans. It also highlights the existence of another reason other than vaccination that contributes to the widespread of inapparent infection of H5N1 in Egypt.
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