Papers by Journal of Applied Horticulture
Comparative efficacy of priming treatments and storage periods in overcoming seed dormancy in round gourd (Praecitrullus fistulosus (Stocks) Pangalo), 2025
Owing to its hard seed coat, the seeds of Praecitrullus fistulosus exhibit dormancy which impairs... more Owing to its hard seed coat, the seeds of Praecitrullus fistulosus exhibit dormancy which impairs the germinability and subsequent seed establishment. To overcome this dormancy, the seeds are required to be stored for a minimum of 45 days after harvest (DAH). In north Indian plains, round gourd seeds are harvested in mid-June and are required to be sown immediately in June-July. Therefore, priming treatments were employed to overcome seed dormancy in a short interval. To assess the effect of various priming treatments in overcoming dormancy, the seeds were stored at room temperature for various durations and at the end of the storage period, the seeds were primed by soaking in solutions of GA3 (150 µgmL-1 , 500 µgmL-1 ,1000 µgmL-1 gibberellic acid), cytokinin (150 µgmL-1 , 500 µgmL-1 ,1000 µgmL-1 kinetin), ethylene (150, 500, 1000 ethrel), KNO3 (150 and 500 µgmL-1), HNO3 (150 and 500 µlL-1) and water, at 25 0 C for 12 hours and 24 hours, respectively. Among all the priming treatments, 500 µgmL-1 KNO3 for 24 h enhanced percentage germination to more than 60 per cent in freshly harvested seeds to more than 80 per cent in seeds stored for 15 DAH. It also enhanced the length of seedling, vigour index (SVI-I and SVI-II), and coefÏcient of rate of germination (CRG) with a reduction in the mean days taken for germination (MDG).
Stem-end rot caused by Diplodia natalensis is one of the significant postharvest diseases causing... more Stem-end rot caused by Diplodia natalensis is one of the significant postharvest diseases causing setbacks in the mango industry. Essential oil shows excellent potential as an alternative method in controlling postharvest diseases, which are considered safe and biodegradable with no residual effect. Hence, the study was conducted to determine the antifungal activity of Citronella essential oil against Diplodia natalensis (Pole Evans), to identify the effective concentration of Citronella essential oil to control D. natalensis In vitro and to evaluate the potential of Citronella oil as treatment against stem-end rot disease of mango fruit. Results showed that Citronella oil at 30%-80% concentration exhibits fungistatic activity. At the same time, Citronella at 90% concentration showed fungicidal activity, which was most effective, showing complete inhibition of mycelial growth in the In vitro experiment. Furthermore, a significant reduction in fruit decay and percent fruit decay was noted with the 90% concentration of Citronella essential oil compared with the control in the In vivo experiment. However, no significant differences were observed between treatments regarding the length of exposure at 90% concentration of the essential oil. These results suggest that Citronella essential oil can potentially control stem-end rot in mango.
Stem-end rot caused by Diplodia natalensis is one of the significant postharvest diseases causing... more Stem-end rot caused by Diplodia natalensis is one of the significant postharvest diseases causing setbacks in the mango industry. Essential oil shows excellent potential as an alternative method in controlling postharvest diseases, which are considered safe and biodegradable with no residual effect. Hence, the study was conducted to determine the antifungal activity of Citronella essential oil against Diplodia natalensis (Pole Evans), to identify the effective concentration of Citronella essential oil to control D. natalensis In vitro and to evaluate the potential of Citronella oil as treatment against stem-end rot disease of mango fruit. Results showed that Citronella oil at 30% -80% concentration exhibits fungistatic activity. At the same time, Citronella at 90% concentration showed fungicidal activity, which was most effective, showing complete inhibition of mycelial growth in the In vitro experiment. Furthermore, a significant reduction in fruit decay and percent fruit decay was noted with the 90% concentration of Citronella essential oil compared with the control in the In vivo experiment. However, no significant differences were observed between treatments regarding the length of exposure at 90% concentration of the essential oil. These results suggest that Citronella essential oil can potentially control stem-end rot in mango.
Stem-end rot caused by Diplodia natalensis is one of the significant postharvest diseases causing... more Stem-end rot caused by Diplodia natalensis is one of the significant postharvest diseases causing setbacks in the mango industry. Essential oil shows excellent potential as an alternative method in controlling postharvest diseases, which are considered safe and biodegradable with no residual effect. Hence, the study was conducted to determine the antifungal activity of Citronella essential oil against Diplodia natalensis (Pole Evans), to identify the effective concentration of Citronella essential oil to control D. natalensis In vitro and to evaluate the potential of Citronella oil as treatment against stem-end rot disease of mango fruit. Results showed that Citronella oil at 30% -80% concentration exhibits fungistatic activity. At the same time, Citronella at 90% concentration showed fungicidal activity, which was most effective, showing complete inhibition of mycelial growth in the In vitro experiment. Furthermore, a significant reduction in fruit decay and percent fruit decay was noted with the 90% concentration of Citronella essential oil compared with the control in the In vivo experiment. However, no significant differences were observed between treatments regarding the length of exposure at 90% concentration of the essential oil. These results suggest that Citronella essential oil can potentially control stem-end rot in mango.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, Jun 15, 2002
An investigation was carried out to find out the time of fruit bud differentiation (FBD) in certa... more An investigation was carried out to find out the time of fruit bud differentiation (FBD) in certain south Indian mango cvs. Neelam, Baneshan, Bangalora, AU-Rumani, Neeleshan and Neeluddin under Tirupati conditions. Five stages of differentiation were observed distinctly in buds during the process of FBD. In general, the time of FBD in the varieties studied was third week of September and completed by third week of November. The total carbohydrate fraction (%) and C/N ratio increased as FBD progressed and C/N ratio reached maximum at peak FBD. Whereas total nitrogen fraction (%) remained at the lowest level at the time of FBD.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2002
Inflorescence, nut characters and productivity of seven cultivars and three hybrids of coconut gr... more Inflorescence, nut characters and productivity of seven cultivars and three hybrids of coconut grown in West Bengal were investigated. Most of the cultivars and hybrids exhibited distinct variations in their yield, inflorescence, and nut characters. D x T, T x D and WCT performed relatively good with respect to nut production per annum. While considering the yield influencing variables, viz., number of spikelets with female flowers, number of spikelets per spadix and number of nuts per spadix, cv. Local Tall was most prominent followed by D x T and MDY x WCT. Largest fruit with highest water content was produced by cv. Local Tall, closely followed by S.S. Green and Andaman Ordinary. However, cv. Andaman Ordinary and S.S. Green were poor yielder under this agro-climatic condition.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2007
Response of low-chill peach cultivar 'Premier' to early forcing culture was studi... more Response of low-chill peach cultivar 'Premier' to early forcing culture was studied. Three-year-old trees were forced in a glasshouse from 15 November, 1 and 15 December and 1 and 15 January. Symptoms of insuf cient chilling were detected when forcing was started from 15 November and 1 December. Bud break was delayed and sporadic. The ower and leaf buds forced from 15 December and 1 and 15 January rapidly burst within 15 days after the onset of the treatments. The nal burst rate exceeded 70%. Generally, owering started 10-15 days after ower bud burst. The size of the owers from the trees forced from 15 November and 15 January was smaller than that recorded at other forcing times. Earliest harvest started under forcing from 15 December and 1 January. These results suggested that by using this low-chill cultivar, forcing could be initiated from mid-December, more than one month earlier than for high-chill cultivars, with complete dormancy release, in this region.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2014
The present study was conducted to standardize the pruning technique in recently released grape h... more The present study was conducted to standardize the pruning technique in recently released grape hybrid H-516 for processing purpose. The grapevines trained on bower system of training were pruned at 2, 3, 4 and 5-bud level during last week of January. The maximum per cent fruitful buds were recorded at 2-bud level followed by 3, 4 and 5-bud pruning level. The signifi cantly higher number of bunches per fruitful bud (2.23 at 4 th node) were observed in pruning done at 4-bud level. The yield per vine was highest (15.2 kg yield per vine) in pruning treatments where 4-buds were retained. Bunch weight and size did not differ signifi cantly with various pruning levels. Anthocyanin (52.24 mg/100g) and total soluble solids content (18.13%) was maximum whereas, acid content (0.53%) was minimum with 4-bud pruning treatment. Present study suggested that in grape hybrid H-516, at the time of pruning, 4-buds per cane should be retained for better yield and improved fruit quality.
Journal of Applied Horticulture
The investigation was carried out to compare the performance of transplanting of polyhouse grown ... more The investigation was carried out to compare the performance of transplanting of polyhouse grown seedlings of bittergourd with direct seeding done on 5 common dates i.e., January 15, 29, February 12, 26 and March 12. The seeds directly sown in the field on January 15 and 29 failed to germinate due to prevailing low temperature. Among all the dates of transplanting/direct seeding, January 29 transplanting proved to be superior for many characters viz., diameter of main shoots (1.74 cm), position of first pistillate flower (6.78), number of female flowers/plant upto 15th node (5.00), male/ female sex ratio (15.38), number (75.00) and weight of fruits/plant (3825 g), average per fruit weight (48.97 g) and yield per hectare (340 q/ha). transplanting of seedlings on respective dates, the seeds were sown in polyethylene bags (1/2 kg capacity) 5 weeks in advance in a low cost polyhouse. Polyethylene bags were filled with a mixture of FYM and soil treated with 0.2% Thiram + 0.1 % Bavistin @ 2 g/ kg of potting mixture. Prior to sowing, the seeds were soaked in water for 24 hours. Three seeds were sown in each bag, which were covered with straw mulch till the start of germination. One day prior to transplanting seedlings were kept outside the polyhouse so that the plants could get hardened. The transplanting was done in hills made on the slope of ridges at the spacing of 150 x 75 cm. A basal dose of FYM @ 1/2 kg along with 8 g urea, 14.5 diammonium phosphate and 11.5 g muriate of potash was applied in each hill. Later 8 g urea was top dressed in each hill twice at monthly interval. For direct seeding also, the seeds were first soaked in water for 24 hours and then sowing was done @ 4 seeds in each hill made on the slope of ridges at the same spacing. Later on, one healthy plant per hill was maintained in both transplanting and direct seeding methods. All the cultural operations were similar in all the treatments. Data were recorded on growth, sex expression, maturity, yield and its attributes.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2001
Various combinations of spent biogas plant silage, DAP, super phosphate, FYM, spent compost and g... more Various combinations of spent biogas plant silage, DAP, super phosphate, FYM, spent compost and garden soil were evaluated as casing soil for mushroom cultivation. Among the various combinations tried, a mixture of spent biogas silage (50%) + FYM (25%) +spent compost (25%)+ DAP (1%) + super phosphate (1%) was found superior. It not only resulted best productivity and reduced the cropping schedule and induced better quality solid mushrooms with hard texture and could be kept for about 6 days more without opening or softening.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2004
... from aerial stem of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose.) AK Lincy, AB Remashree1 and B. Sasikum... more ... from aerial stem of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose.) AK Lincy, AB Remashree1 and B. Sasikumar* Division of ... by various workers (Hosoki and Sagawa, 1977; Nadgauda et al, 1980; Pillai and Kumar, 1982: Sato ... root Initials from aerial stem of ginger (as per the LS and CS of the ...
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2000
The use of polyethylene in commercial cultivation of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) can p... more The use of polyethylene in commercial cultivation of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) can play a pivotal role in minimising winter injury and plant mortality and increasing productivity. Covering the strawberry beds with low clear plastic tunnels induced one month early cropping, prevented bed erosion and increased total yields by 20 per cent. The black polyethylene mulched beds did not require any weeding. During summers (in hills) the polyethylene sheets of the tunnels were replaced by plastic anti-hail nets or anti-bird nets which resulted in advanced harvest, increased yield and improved fruit quality.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2009
The objective of the investigation was to study the effect of different development stages on dis... more The objective of the investigation was to study the effect of different development stages on distribution of mineral nutrients in the growing leaves, roots, petioles and fruits. Strawberry plants were grown in a greenhouse in perlite medium and fertigated with Hoagland solution. Mineral nutrient concentration was determined at three development stages viz., fl owering, fruiting and the end of fruiting. Also nutrient concentration was determined in different organs at fruiting stage. Our results show that nutrient uptake was variable at different development stages. Leaf and petiole were the main sinks for Ca at fruiting stage and also for Mg and K in petioles, Fe in root, Mn in leaf. Results indicated that plant have different uptake pattern at various development stages. Results on the element uptake by different organs at various development stage is indicative of their relative requirement at different stages.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2002
Performance of twelve papaya varieties were tested during the years 1998-99 and 1999-2000. Result... more Performance of twelve papaya varieties were tested during the years 1998-99 and 1999-2000. Results showed that the fruit set, number of fruits per plant, pulp and pulp/ peel ratio were significantly more in 'Pusa Delicious' while the fruit length, width and weight were highest in 'Pusa Giant' followed by 'Pusa Dwarf'. Seed and peel percentage were significantly lowest with 'Pusa Majesty' and 'Co-4', respectively. Plant height was significantly more in 'Pusa Giant' and yield in 'Coorg Honey Dew' (41.07 kg/ plant) followed by 'Pusa Majesty'. The highest total carotenoids, total sugars, sugar-acid ratio, ascorbic acid and TSS were found in 'Pusa Dwarf', 'Honey Dew', 'Co-5' and 'Pusa Delicious', respectively. Acidity in fruit pulp varied from 0.10 to 0.21 percent in different varieties.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2002
Performance of twelve papaya varieties were tested during the years 1998-99 and 1999-2000. Result... more Performance of twelve papaya varieties were tested during the years 1998-99 and 1999-2000. Results showed that the fruit set, number of fruits per plant, pulp and pulp/ peel ratio were significantly more in 'Pusa Delicious' while the fruit length, width and weight were highest in 'Pusa Giant' followed by 'Pusa Dwarf'. Seed and peel percentage were significantly lowest with 'Pusa Majesty' and 'Co-4', respectively. Plant height was significantly more in 'Pusa Giant' and yield in 'Coorg Honey Dew' (41.07 kg/ plant) followed by 'Pusa Majesty'. The highest total carotenoids, total sugars, sugar-acid ratio, ascorbic acid and TSS were found in 'Pusa Dwarf', 'Honey Dew', 'Co-5' and 'Pusa Delicious', respectively. Acidity in fruit pulp varied from 0.10 to 0.21 percent in different varieties.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2011
Seven lines of okra Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] (MOENCH) were evaluated for general and specifi c... more Seven lines of okra Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] (MOENCH) were evaluated for general and specifi c combining ability using three diverse testers following a line × tester mating design as described by Kempthorne (1957). Twenty one F 1 's hybrids along with ten parental lines were raised at the Demonstration Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Al Zaeim Al Azhari, Sudan, using randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed signifi cant differences among genotypes existing for yield and associated traits (P=0.01), indicating the presence of suffi cient genetic variability in the material studied. Signifi cant variability existed among hybrids (P=0.01) for number of pods per plant, length of pod, pod yield per plant and 100 seeds weight. Estimation of general combining ability effect identifi ed lines HSD 1835, HSD1840 and HSD 2550 as a good general combiners for pod dry weight (P=0.05). Among testers Sinnar was found to be a good general combiner for number of pods per plant, length of pod, yield per plant, number of seed per pod and 100 seeds weight. Estimation of specifi c combining ability effect identifi ed hybrids HSD 2550 × Sinnar as the best parent combination for number of pods per plant and yield per plant. HSD2543 × Sinnar and HSD1840 × Clemson Spineless recorded as the best parental combination for length of pod. The additive as well as non-additive gene effects played signifi cant role in the inheritance of yield and yield related traits with predominance of additive gene action in the inheritance of major yield contributing traits. Testers contribution percentage were signifi cantly higher for number of pods per plant (77.04%), pod dry weight (40.06 %) and number of seeds per pod (45.04%). The percentage contributions of the interaction were signifi cantly higher and evident in the rest of the traits.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2002
Investigation was carried out to study the developmental pattern and maturity standards of litchi... more Investigation was carried out to study the developmental pattern and maturity standards of litchi fruits cv. Calcuttia for ascertaining its optimum harvesting period under Gurdaspur, Punjab conditions. It was observed that litchi fruits attained maximum size, weight and total soluble solids at 55 to 60 days after fruit set, which may be taken as harvest period for Calcuttia litchi. At this stage the fruits had attained attractive pinkish red colour.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2000
‘Lobo’ apple fruits were subjected to preharvest CaCl2 spraying treatment, pre-storage heat treat... more ‘Lobo’ apple fruits were subjected to preharvest CaCl2 spraying treatment, pre-storage heat treatment, and combined CaCl2+heat treatment and were held at 2oC and 90-95% R.H. for six months. Respiration and ethylene production rates were monitored, soluble solids, juice pH, firmness, total dry matter and macronutrient (P, K, Ca, Mg, and N) contents were determined. Additionally, physiological disorders incidence and pathological disease occurrence were recorded. The respiration and ethylene production rates slightly decreased in heat-treated apples and increased in CaCl2-treated apples. CaCl2 treatment did not increase fruit firmness or Ca concentration. Combined CaCl2+heat treatment and heat treatment increased the pH. At the beginning of storage the firmness of heat and CaCl2+ heat-treated fruits was lower, but more than that of the control fruits at the end of storage period. After 6 months of storage, least disorder and disease symptoms were observed in the CaCl2+heat treatment.
The main material of this study consists of primary data obtained through surveying 92 family far... more The main material of this study consists of primary data obtained through surveying 92 family farms in a chosen area. In the study area, it was found out that the cultivated land is 3.70 ha with average population of 7.49 people/ha, literacy rate is 84.78% and that 57.84% of family labour is unemployed. Each enterprise has an active capital of 82141.05$ on average and the rate of foreign debts in the passive capital is less than 1%. Average agricultural income per person (1254. 87 $) is 1/3 times less than the gross national income (3377 $) in the country. The net profit of studied crops in the planted areas was 375.75, 367.94, 143.90, 98.42 and -12.08$ for eggplant, squash, tomatoes, beans and watermelon, respectively. This result indicates that profitability does not had a significant effect on the pattern. Sensitivity analyses on enterprise net profit for eggplant, squash, tomato, bean and watermelon revealed that for eggplant and squash, net profits were more sensitive to yield ...
Journal of Applied Horticulture Lucknow, 2002
An experiment was laid out with four methods of budding performed on eight dates to standardize t... more An experiment was laid out with four methods of budding performed on eight dates to standardize the best method and time of budding in pecan. Annular budding was found to be much superior to other methods of budding viz., patch, chip and forkert, as it registered a significantly higher bud take success and total growth of budded plants. While budding performed on June 30, gave best result, period from June 30 to July 15 was found optimum time for budding pecan nut under the mid hill conditions of North-Western Himalayas.
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Papers by Journal of Applied Horticulture