Papers by Jonathan Newbury
International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society, 2018
Background Retrospective data indicate increased stroke incidence in Aboriginal/Torres Strait Isl... more Background Retrospective data indicate increased stroke incidence in Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) Australians, possibly with poorer outcomes. We present the first prospective population-based stroke incidence study in Indigenous Australians. Methods We pooled data from ASCEND and SEARCH, two prospective "ideal" South Australian stroke incidence studies, ASCEND conducted in urban Northwestern Adelaide (2009-2010) and SEARCH in five South Australian rural centers (2009-2011). We calculated age-standardized incidence for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people. Results The study population comprised 261,403 inhabitants. Among 432 first-ever strokes, 13 were in Aboriginal people (median age 51 vs. 78 years for non-Aboriginal people, p < 0.001). Age-standardized stroke incidence per 100,000 in Aboriginal patients (116, 95% CI: 95-137) was nearly two-fold that of non-Aboriginal patients (67, 95% CI: 51-84). Age-stratified excess incidence in Aboriginal people w...
The Medical journal of Australia, Jan 3, 2016
The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing in Australia's older adult population. Sarcope... more The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing in Australia's older adult population. Sarcopenia, the age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass, quality and function, may make a significant but under-appreciated contribution to increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. As skeletal muscle is the largest insulin-sensitive tissue in the body, low muscle mass in sarcopenia likely results in reduced capacity for glucose disposal. Age-related declines in muscle quality, including increased mitochondrial dysfunction and fat infiltration, are also implicated in skeletal muscle inflammation and subsequent insulin resistance. Prospective studies have shown that low muscle mass and strength are associated with increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes. Prevalent type 2 diabetes also appears to exacerbate progression of sarcopenia in older adults. Recently developed operational definitions and the inclusion of sarcopenia in the International classification of diseases, 10th revision, clini...
JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 2009
Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, Jan 13, 2016
To investigate the extent to which Aboriginal women access primary care for themselves and their ... more To investigate the extent to which Aboriginal women access primary care for themselves and their infant in the year after childbirth. Cross sectional population-based survey of women giving birth to Aboriginal babies in South Australia between July 2011 and June 2013. A total of 344 women took part in the study 4-9 months after giving birth. The majority had seen a primary health care practitioner since the birth: 86% had seen a Child and Family Health Service (CaFHS) nurse, 81% a general practitioner (GP), and 61% an Aboriginal health worker (AHW). Women living in remote areas were more likely to have seen primary care practitioners than women living in Adelaide (GP: OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.0-5.2; CaFHS: OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.0-5.8; AHW: OR 5.2, 95% CI 2.8-9.8). Around 16% of women with gestational diabetes and 10% with hypertension had not seen a GP since the birth, and 24% of women who had a low birthweight infant had not seen a CaFHS nurse. Despite high prevalence of maternal and infant mor...
BMC Health Services Research, 2016
Australian Family Physician, Oct 1, 2004
Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation, May 17, 2016
Endovascular thrombectomy (ET) is standard-of-care for ischemic stroke patients with large vessel... more Endovascular thrombectomy (ET) is standard-of-care for ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion, but estimates of potentially eligible patients from population-based studies have not been published. Such data are urgently needed to rationally plan hyperacute services. Retrospective analysis determined the incidence of ET-eligible ischemic strokes in a comprehensive population-based stroke study (Adelaide, Australia 2009-2010). Stroke patients were stratified via a prespecified eligibility algorithm derived from recent ET trials comprising stroke subtype, pathogenesis, severity, premorbid modified Rankin Score, presentation delay, large vessel occlusion, and target mismatch penumbra. Recognizing centers may interpret recent ET trials either loosely or rigidly; 2 eligibility algorithms were applied: restrictive (key criteria modified Rankin Scale score 0-1, presentation delay <3.5 hours, and target mismatch penumbra) and permissive (modified Rankin Scale score 0-3 and p...
Rural and Remote Health, 2014
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dec 1, 2009
Australian Family Physician, 2001
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2015
Learning objectives • Describe how different health workers can use available resources and exper... more Learning objectives • Describe how different health workers can use available resources and expertise to form service networks for optimal rural health care. • Understand and describe the impact of distance on rural clinical practice. • Describe how electronic data systems allow health workers to share information and improve client safety. • Identify the processes that rural health workers use to access evidence for decision making.
International journal of evidence-based healthcare, 2011
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and disability for women in Australia. Women... more Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and disability for women in Australia. Women living in rural areas are at greater risk of heart disease, because of limited access and availability of healthcare in rural areas. Lifestyle is a major determinant to the risk of heart disease. Risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, diet, physical activity and alcohol intake can be controlled or modified by lifestyle changes. As heart disease develops over many years, women need to be following healthy lifestyle practices and reduce their chance of a first or recurrent heart attack. To determine the effectiveness of primary health education or intervention programs for cardiac risk reduction in healthy women living in rural areas. Types of participants. Women aged 16-65 years, living in rural areas, who participated in primary healthcare education programs. Types of interventions. Primary health education or intervention programs aimed at improving rural women's knowledge of ...
Rural and remote health, 2011
The Rural Undergraduate Support and Coordination (RUSC) program has stimulated teaching in remote... more The Rural Undergraduate Support and Coordination (RUSC) program has stimulated teaching in remote indigenous health, primary health care and international health for Australian students prior to their placements. Medical students have traditionally taken electives in the developing world, although these electives are of variable use to the communities hosting them and to the students. Calls for development of a curriculum in international or global health have resulted in some attempts to define a curriculum. An International Health (IH) course at the University of Adelaide Medical School, South Australia, has evolved since 1999. The IH course has functioned both as an introduction to the social determinants of health and as a pre-departure course for student electives. The sequence progresses from general information to disease specific information and service provision for refugees and returning travellers. Experienced presenters deliver the content; student assessment is via a gr...
The Medical journal of Australia, Jan 7, 2011
To investigate the adequacy of vitamin D status in a South Australian Aboriginal population, and ... more To investigate the adequacy of vitamin D status in a South Australian Aboriginal population, and to examine the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels and biochemical variables of calcium and bone mineral homeostasis, as well as other factors which may influence vitamin D synthesis, storage and metabolism. A single-visit, observational study of 58 adults from two Aboriginal community-controlled health services in Adelaide and Yalata, South Australia. Participants were recruited between May 2008 and December 2009. Serum levels of 25-OHD, parathyroid hormone (PTH), fasting glucose and fasting C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (β-CTx). Serum 25-OHD levels showed clear seasonal variation, being higher in summer (P < 0.001). The overall mean level was 56.8 nmol/L (SD, 22.1), which is below the recommended target level of 60 nmol/L. Serum 25-OHD levels correlated significantly with β-CTx (P = 0.03), but not with age, body mass index (BMI), PTH levels or...
Rural and remote health
The University of Adelaide and the University of South Australia established the Spencer Gulf Rur... more The University of Adelaide and the University of South Australia established the Spencer Gulf Rural Health School (SGRHS) as a joint venture to facilitate rural health professional education and research. Annually a cohort of medical students from the University of Adelaide volunteer and are placed in various SGRHS 'learning centres' throughout rural South Australia for the 5th year of their medical training. This article addresses the issues encountered in one of these 'learning centres' in Port Lincoln, rural South Australia. The challenge was to integrate five students into a general medical practice and the local hospital and to provide high quality medical education for the academic year. Medical practice, student and university requirements were identified and a range of strategies implemented to address these. To date, four groups of medical students have successfully completed their rural academic year in Port Lincoln since 2003. The local systems have evolve...
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Papers by Jonathan Newbury