Papers by Jitka Klimešová
Aquatic Botany, 1999
Starch, glucose, fructose and sucrose were measured in nodes and internodes of horizontal rhizome... more Starch, glucose, fructose and sucrose were measured in nodes and internodes of horizontal rhizomes of Phragmites australis in two localities, at 400 and 1350 m above sea level respectively, before spring growth started. In the respective localities, five and four age categories of rhizomes were distinguished. Rhizomes of lowland plants, harvested on March 21, contained more starch (17.6%), glucose (2.5%) and total non-structural carbohydrates (35.2%) per gram dry mass than rhizomes of plants collected at the tree line on June 3 (11.8, 1.7 and 30.5%, repectively). The proportion of water soluble carbohydrates to total non-structural carbohydrates, as an indication of acclimatisation to a cold climate, was higher in the mountain locality (60 and 49%, respectively). Glucose and starch concentrations increased with rhizome age in both localities. All other carbohydrate fractions were independent of locality. Water soluble carbohydrates were preferentially accumulated in internodes whereas starch was accumulated in nodes.
Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2015
Please cite this article as: Bartušková, A., Doležal, J., Janeček,Š., Lanta, V., Klimešová, J.,Ch... more Please cite this article as: Bartušková, A., Doležal, J., Janeček,Š., Lanta, V., Klimešová, J.,Changes in biomass allocation in species rich meadow after abandonment: ecological strategy or allometry?, Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics (2015), http://dx.A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t
Acta Oecologica, 2009
Life-history variation in annuals is known to be caused by size requirements for photoinduction o... more Life-history variation in annuals is known to be caused by size requirements for photoinduction of flowering, but the importance of germination date and injury was overlooked so far even though they may play an important role in disturbed habitats. To test the effect of germination date and timing of injury on life-history variation of an annual plant, we performed a 2-year pot experiment with the root-sprouting herb Rorippa palustris. Plants belonging to six different cohorts, and sown at monthly intervals from April to September, were injured (all stem parts removed) in three ontogenetic stages: vegetative rosettes, flowering plants and fruiting plants. Plants from the April, and partly from the May, cohort behaved as summer annuals: they started to bolt at the same time, resprouted and overwintered poorly. Plants from the June cohort flowered in the first season as well, but they entered the bolting stage a month later than the preceding cohorts, produced the least fruits, but overwintered successfully and flowered again the second year (polycarpic perennials).
Journal of Vegetation Science, 2014
Questions: We examine patterns of clonal traits and below-ground bud bank traits in plant communi... more Questions: We examine patterns of clonal traits and below-ground bud bank traits in plant communities over a large set of temperate vegetation types. We asked (i) how clonal traits are distributed in different community types and (ii) what are within-community patterns of these traits as an indication of their role in species coexistence and community assembly.
The New phytologist, 2015
Annals of botany, 2012
Genome size is known to be correlated with a number of phenotypic traits associated with cell siz... more Genome size is known to be correlated with a number of phenotypic traits associated with cell sizes and cell-division rates. Genome size was therefore used as a proxy for them in order to assess how common plant traits such as height, specific leaf area and seed size/number predict species regional abundance. In this study it is hypothesized that if there is residual correlation between genome size and abundance after these traits are partialled out, there must be additional ecological effects of cell size and/or cell-division rate. Variation in genome size, plant traits and regional abundance were examined in 436 herbaceous species of central European flora, and relationships were sought for among these variables by correlation and path analysis. Species regional abundance was weakly but significantly correlated with genome size; the relationship was stronger for annuals (R(2) = 0·145) than for perennials (R(2) = 0·027). In annuals, genome size was linked to abundance via its effec...
Plant Ecology, 2014
Monocarpic plants are favored in conditions of high mortality of reproductive individuals, wherea... more Monocarpic plants are favored in conditions of high mortality of reproductive individuals, whereas situations with low juvenile survival give an advantage to polycarpic perennials. However, certain plant species combine both strategies, showing high plasticity and life-history variation in recurrently disturbed habitats. Life-history variation caused by resprouting from roots after injury has been reported in many weedy and invasive species, but the long-term effects of resprouting on population dynamics are not known. In this study, we asked how different disturbance scenarios affect long-term fitness of plants with varied capacities for root-sprouting. We used projection matrix analysis to simulate growth of populations of the annual herb Rorippa palustris having factorial combinations of root-sprouting intensities, disturbance timings (intra-annual), and frequencies (inter-annual). The contributions of these factors to population growth variation were enumerated using variance decomposition. Population growth was affected by all examined parameters. Disturbance frequency negatively affected population growth rate, but its effect was modulated by disturbance timing. Summer disturbance decreased population growth rate dramatically, whereas winter disturbance had no effect. Resprouting from roots was important for plant overwintering. In pre-reproductive plants, disturbance frequency and root-sprouting intensity strongly interacted in the spring, such that the negative effect of frequent disturbance was overcome by resprouting. Our results imply that, in this species, conditions of unpredictable, severe disturbance, would select for high phenotypic plasticity in life histories, whereas only regular spring disturbance would favor resprouting.
Tasks for vegetation science, 1990
Plant Biology, 2011
Those demands result in seasonal changes of concentrations of total non-structural carbohydrates ... more Those demands result in seasonal changes of concentrations of total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC), which ABSTRACT We studied the effect of cessation of management on carbohydrate reserves of plants in meadows with different environmental characteristics and plant composition. We recorded storage carbohydrates and seasonal changes for 40 plant species. We asked whether there are differences in responses of carbohydrate reserves in forbs versus graminoids and in plants storing starch versus plants storing osmotically active carbohydrates. We analysed belowground organs before the meadows were mown and at the end of the vegetation season in mown versus recently abandoned plots. Whereas starch and fructans were widely distributed, raffinose family oligosaccharides were the main carbohydrate reserves of the Lamiaceae and Plantago lanceolata. Properties of carbohydrate reserves differed between forbs and graminoids but no difference was found between plants storing starch versus osmotically active carbohydrates. Graminoids had lower carbohydrate concentrations than forbs. We observed a positive effect of mowing on carbohydrate concentrations of graminoids in the dry, calcium-rich meadow and higher seasonal fluctuations of these values in the acid, wet meadow, suggesting that local factors and ⁄ or the species pool affect carbohydrate reserves. Despite local conditions, graminoids represent a distinct functional group in meadows from the point of view of their storage economy. We suggest that as well as growth, storage processes should also be considered for understanding the functioning of meadow plant communities.
Plants in arctic and alpine habitats could potentially escape the effects of climatic fluctuation... more Plants in arctic and alpine habitats could potentially escape the effects of climatic fluctuations by surviving in suitable microsites. We tested this hypothesis by conducting a herb-chronological analysis of the morphological growth markers retained on the rhizomes of the clonal herb Rumex alpinus-a common plant with a broad ecological amplitude found in the alpine zone of the Low Tatra Mts., Western Carpathians, Slovakia. We asked whether aspects of plant growth were related to the climatic conditions measured at a local weather station over two approximately decade-long study periods (1977-1988 and 2001-2010) on both snowbed and non-snowbed sites. Although the latter period had average summer temperatures that were about 2°C warmer than the first, both had the same average growing season length and average total monthly precipitation. Snow accumulation and other climatic events shortened the growing seasons for the plants in the first period, thus reducing vegetative growth. On the other hand, climatic events prolonging the growing seasons supported plant growth and flowering in the snowbed site. In the second, warmer period, growing season lengths were not related to plant performance but August temperatures had a positive effect on plant growth in both the snowbed and non-snowbed sites. Our results imply that mesoclimatic factors substantially affect plant growth, although their relative importance might change with climate fluctuations altering their influence in sites of differing snow accumulation.
Oikos, 2014
Clonal growth confers a number of benefi ts on plants, but involves some costs as well. We examin... more Clonal growth confers a number of benefi ts on plants, but involves some costs as well. We examined whether seed reproduction is reduced in clonal plants due to these costs. Further, we investigated whether this relationship diff ers for species with optima at stressful or low-productivity sites, as a possible indication that clonality acts as insurance against reduced seed reproduction in such conditions. We evaluated 472 species for which seed production per unit area had been determined, and employed this information together with data on seed mass, height at maturity, clonal traits and optimum habitat conditions (using Ellenberg indicator values). Th ere was a strong hyperbolic relationship between seed output and seed mass, with a scaling coeffi cient of -1, indicative of a simple tradeoff relationship. We performed analyses both with and without taking phylogeny into account.
Annals of Botany, 2010
Aims Adventitious sprouting from the hypocotyle and roots in monocarpic herbs has been confirmed ... more Aims Adventitious sprouting from the hypocotyle and roots in monocarpic herbs has been confirmed in previous experimental studies as a means to avoid bud limitation after severe injury in annual and biennial plants. Data regarding the role of adventitious sprouting in natural populations, however, were lacking. The aim of the present study was to assess whether adventitious sprouting occurs in natural populations and how it is affected by plant size, plant injury, plant cover and environmental characteristics. † Methods Data were sampled from 14 037 individual plants from 389 populations belonging to 22 annual and biennial species. Growth parameters were measured in individual plants, species composition and plant cover in communities were evaluated, and environmental characteristics were estimated using Ellenberg indicator values. † Key Results It was confirmed that adventitious sprouting occurs in natural populations of all but five species examined. Adventitious sprouting was positively affected by plant size and plant injury. Environmental factors including availability of soil nitrogen were not shown to affect adventitious sprouting. Annual and biennial plants did not differ in sprouting, but upright annuals had a lower number of and longer adventitious shoots than prostrate annuals. † Conclusions Adventitious bud formation is used to overcome meristem limitation when stem parts are lost due to injury, and thus resprouting in short-lived monocarps should not be overlooked.
Annals of botany, 2014
Both regional and local plant abundances are driven by species' dispersal capacities and thei... more Both regional and local plant abundances are driven by species' dispersal capacities and their abilities to exploit new habitats and persist there. These processes are affected by clonal growth, which is difficult to evaluate and compare across large numbers of species. This study assessed the influence of clonal reproduction on local and regional abundances of a large set of species and compared the predictive power of morphologically defined traits of clonal growth with data on actual clonal growth from a botanical garden. The role of clonal growth was compared with the effects of seed reproduction, habitat requirements and growth, proxied both by LHS (leaf-height-seed) traits and by actual performance in the botanical garden. Morphological parameters of clonal growth, actual clonal reproduction in the garden and LHS traits (leaf-specific area - height - seed mass) were used as predictors of species abundance, both regional (number of species records in the Czech Republic) and...
Annals of botany, 2011
Cushion plants are commonly considered as keystone nurse species that ameliorate the harsh condit... more Cushion plants are commonly considered as keystone nurse species that ameliorate the harsh conditions they inhabit in alpine ecosystems, thus facilitating other species and increasing alpine plant biodiversity. A literature search resulted in 25 key studies showing overwhelming facilitative effects of different cushion plants and hypothesizing greater facilitation with increased environmental severity (i.e. higher altitude and/or lower rainfall). At the same time, emerging ecological theory alongside the cushion-specific literature suggests that facilitation might not always occur under extreme environmental conditions, and especially under high altitude and dryness. To assess these hypotheses, possible nursing effects of Thylacospermum caespitosum (Caryophyllaceae) were examined at extremely high altitude (5900 m a.s.l.) and in dry conditions (precipitation <100 mm year(-1)) in Eastern Ladakh, Trans-Himalaya. This is, by far, the highest site, and the second driest, at which the...
Ecology, 2014
The factors that promote invasive behavior in introduced plant species occur across many scales o... more The factors that promote invasive behavior in introduced plant species occur across many scales of biological and ecological organization. Factors that act at relatively small scales, for example the evolution of biological traits associated with invasiveness, scale up to shape species distributions amongst different climates and habitats, as well as other characteristics linked to invasion, such as attractiveness for cultivation (and by extension propagule pressure).
Uploads
Papers by Jitka Klimešová