INDOT Statewide Access Management Study What is Access Management? What Happens If You Don't Mana... more INDOT Statewide Access Management Study What is Access Management? What Happens If You Don't Manage Access? What are the Benefits of Access Management? • Fewer Accidents • Increased Capacity • Shorter Travel Time What are the Principles of Access Management? • Limit the number of conflict points • Separate the conflict points • Remove turning volumes and queues from through movements Right-In / Right-Out / Left-In
Roadway functional classification Role of the roadway in the transportation system Arterial, coll... more Roadway functional classification Role of the roadway in the transportation system Arterial, collector, etc. Roadway design characteristics Geometric features (median) Speed Degree of urbanization Development intensity Intersection frequency INDOT Mobility Corridor Concept
Role of the roadway in the transportation system Role of the roadway in the transportation system... more Role of the roadway in the transportation system Role of the roadway in the transportation system Arterial, collector, etc. Arterial, collector, etc.
As part of a review of Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) access management practices, ... more As part of a review of Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) access management practices, an in-depth telephone survey was conducted of a selected group of eleven other state departments of transportation. The information assembled on the access management policies, standards, practices, and problems of the various states was used in reviewing MDOT procedures and in identifying potential improvement options. This paper presents the findings of the surveys and their implications for states planning to strengthen their access management activities.
Driveways are private roads that provide access (both ingress and egress) between a public way an... more Driveways are private roads that provide access (both ingress and egress) between a public way and abutting properties, and any facilities on those properties. The roadway engineers’ focus is often on a part of the driveway, the area where the driveway intersects the public highway or street. Since these connections form the link or interface between public streets and highways and the activities they serve, driveways are an integral part of the roadway transportation system. There has been relatively little comprehensive research on or national guidance for the geometric design of driveways in recent decades. The objective of this project was to develop recommendations for geometric design of driveways that will be useful to state departments of transportation, local governments, and consultants in preparing driveway design standards and practices. The project included an extensive review of related literature, a survey of transportation agencies, a listing of almost 100 factors that can affect the design of a driveway, a list of needed research topics, and research on issues related to driveway vertical alignment. The project produced two documents, the project report and a driveway design guide.
This report presents the results and recommendations of a review of the South Dakota Department o... more This report presents the results and recommendations of a review of the South Dakota Department of Transportation's (SDDOT's) highway access control process. This document presents recommendations that improve South Dakota's access policy. The document also recommends access criteria for driveway locations and design, a recommended permitting process, access management authority in South Dakota, the benefits of improved access management, tools for local government, performance measures, and an implementation plan. The principal purpose of the review of SDDOT's highway access control process was to develop improved access policies, design guidelines and procedures for applying them. The policies, guidelines and procedures are intended to: Improve highway safety by minimizing the number, severity, and cost of accidents arising from access onto and off the highway system; Preserve investments in highways and roads by maintaining the functional integrity of the system; Provide consistency and predictability regarding access; Improve coordination and consistency between state and local governments regarding access policies; and Update the 1970s access management policies and design guidelines to provide an improved and consistent basis for managing highway access. Broad based stakeholder understanding of the safety and system benefits from improved access management formed an important element of the project.
... Center for Clean Air Policy, Washington, DC Adib K. Kanafani, Cahill Professor of Civil Engin... more ... Center for Clean Air Policy, Washington, DC Adib K. Kanafani, Cahill Professor of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley Susan Martinovich, Director, Nevada DOT, Carson City Debra L. Miller, Secretary, Kansas DOT, Topeka Sandra Rosenbloom, Professor of ...
This digest summarizes findings of National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project ... more This digest summarizes findings of National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 3-52A, "Impacts of Access-Management Techniques." NCHRP Report 420, "Impacts of Access Management Techniques" (1999), presents relationships between access density and accident rates. This digest uses additional data from Minnesota to confirm these relationships. The digest is organized as follows: Introduction; Problem Statement; Objective and Approach; Background; Results; Comparisons; and Accident Rate Indices.
Driveways are the link between public roadways and the abutting activities that they serve. Drive... more Driveways are the link between public roadways and the abutting activities that they serve. Driveways serve a wide range of activities in a variety of contexts. Driveway design guidelines have traditionally focused on accommodating motor vehicles, but in recent years, growing emphasis has been placed on a broader range of issues, such as better managing access and accommodating all modes, including pedestrians and bicyclists. How well driveways are designed affects the safety and mobility of not only motorists but also bicyclists and pedestrians. This paper draws from research performed for NCHRP Project 15–35, Geometric Design of Driveways. It discusses multimodal driveway design considerations and provides design guidelines that recognize the needs of pedestrians (including those with disabilities and transit users) and bicyclists.
Transportation Research Board eBooks, Apr 18, 2013
are an important element of the decision-making process, revised warrants were developed as part ... more are an important element of the decision-making process, revised warrants were developed as part of NCHRP Project 3-91 (5). The purpose of NCHRP Project 3-91 was to develop an objective and clear process for the selection of left-turn accommodations at unsignalized intersections. This paper provides the methodology and recommendations from using a benefit-cost approach for establishing left-turn lane warrants. NCHRP Project 3-91 was to also provide guidance on the design of left-turn lane accommodations. A document called Design Guide on Left-Turn Accommodations at Unsignalized Intersections (6) was developed to provide information on left-turn lane designs, traffic control treatments, and case study examples. Literature review and instaLLation GuideLines A review of the literature was performed using many sources, including research reports, state and federal design manuals, and handbooks. Although many procedures are in use by various organizations to determine the need for left-turn lanes, several are similar or identical. Most states' criteria are based on values from the AASHTO publication A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets (commonly known as the Green Book) (7) or values from NCHRP Report 279 (8), both of which are based on work done in the 1960s by M. D. Harmelink. The oldest research found on evaluating the need for left-turn lanes at unsignalized intersections was that of Harmelink (1) in a paper that was published in 1967. His research provided the foundation for many current left-turn guidelines. Harmelink based his work on a queuing model in which arrival and service rates are assumed to follow negative exponential distributions. He stated that the probability of a through vehicle arriving behind a stopped, left-turning vehicle should not exceed 0.02 for 40 mph, 0.015 for 50 mph, and 0.01 for 60 mph. He presented his criteria in the form of graphs, 18 in all. To use his graphs, the advancing volume, opposing volume, operating speed, and left-turn percentage need to be known. Graphs for speeds of 40, 50, and 60 mph are given, as well as left-turn volumes of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The Green Book (7) contains a table for use in determining the need for a left-turn lane on two-lane highways. Similar tables are also present in the 2004 (9), 2001 (10), 1994 (11), 1990 (12), and 1984 (13) editions of the Green Book. The values in the tables are based on Harmelink's work. In 1985, TRB published NCHRP Report 279: Intersection Channelization Design Guide (8). In that report, data from Harmelink's work are used to establish guidelines for determining the need for
Transportation Research Board eBooks, Sep 17, 2010
... of River City, Louisville, KY ALLEN D. BIEHLER, Secretary, Pennsylvania DOT, Harrisburg ... o... more ... of River City, Louisville, KY ALLEN D. BIEHLER, Secretary, Pennsylvania DOT, Harrisburg ... on its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. ... California Department of Transportation RICHARD C. WORSSAM, Virginia Department of Transportation ...
The Bronx is one of five boroughs in New York City. There are limited opportunities to cross betw... more The Bronx is one of five boroughs in New York City. There are limited opportunities to cross between the eastern and western sections of the Bronx due, to a large extent, to the topography and geography. The Cross Bronx Expressway (CBE) and a limited number of through streets provide for east-west mobility. The Bronx Arterial Needs Major Investment Study (BAN MIS), being performed for the New York State Department of Transportation, is exploring multimodal improvements for the corridor. A major improvement alternative is the construction of a continuous eastbound and westbound connector road system in the CBE corridor. The connector roads would be intended to provide an alternative to the CBE for local traffic and would involve both the utilization of existing streets and the construction of new streets. The connector road system would help to reconnect those neighborhoods in the Bronx north and south of the BCE and benefit a wide range of transportation modes. It would improve traffic circulation for local traffic, provide neighborhood connectivity, and create new parkland in the corridor in sections decked over the CBE. New transit service, in the form of bus rapid transit, and improved connectivity for bicycle and pedestrian movements also would be possible. The opportunities thus created for the neighborhoods, transit users, motorists, pedestrians, and bicyclists would significantly benefit the quality of life for Bronx residents. This paper shows how the connector road system could be configured given the geographic characteristics of the borough and the current arrangement of local streets, arterial highways, and transit services.
This paper presents an overview of National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project ... more This paper presents an overview of National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 3-52 - Impacts of Access Management Techniques. The project classified access management techniques, identified the "priority" techniques, and suggested safety, operation, and economic impact measures. The impacts and benefits of "priority" techniques were quantified based upon an extensive literature review, case studies of good and poor practice, and special field studies. In addition, the salient planning and policy implications were set forth.
NCHRP Project 15-35, Geometric Design of Driveways, was initiated to help address the lack of com... more NCHRP Project 15-35, Geometric Design of Driveways, was initiated to help address the lack of comprehensive research and national design guidance for the design of driveway connections to roadways. The research initiated with this project included an extensive literature review, a survey of state agencies and contacts with interest groups, and fieldwork to measure traffic attributes. The project produced two publications: a research report on the NCHRP website and NCHRP Report 659: Guide for the Geometric Design of Driveways. This paper considers the following topics: (a) What design issues were identified? Current design practices may not adequately consider the range of all driveway users: bicyclists, motorists, and pedestrians. The paper discusses the vulnerability of various users on the basis of historical crash data. (b) What user attributes were found? The research produced information about the driveway grades at which the undersides of vehicles may drag and the speeds at which vehicles on urban arterials entered commercial driveways having radii ranging from 13 to 20 ft. (c) What design practices were recommended? The guide presents a number of design practices to better meet the needs of all users. This paper provides useful information for design consultants and local government professionals.
As part of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 3-52, access managem... more As part of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 3-52, access management practices around freeway interchanges were explored. The paper presents some lessons learned from the examples studied, and some emergent access concepts.
INDOT Statewide Access Management Study What is Access Management? What Happens If You Don't Mana... more INDOT Statewide Access Management Study What is Access Management? What Happens If You Don't Manage Access? What are the Benefits of Access Management? • Fewer Accidents • Increased Capacity • Shorter Travel Time What are the Principles of Access Management? • Limit the number of conflict points • Separate the conflict points • Remove turning volumes and queues from through movements Right-In / Right-Out / Left-In
Roadway functional classification Role of the roadway in the transportation system Arterial, coll... more Roadway functional classification Role of the roadway in the transportation system Arterial, collector, etc. Roadway design characteristics Geometric features (median) Speed Degree of urbanization Development intensity Intersection frequency INDOT Mobility Corridor Concept
Role of the roadway in the transportation system Role of the roadway in the transportation system... more Role of the roadway in the transportation system Role of the roadway in the transportation system Arterial, collector, etc. Arterial, collector, etc.
As part of a review of Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) access management practices, ... more As part of a review of Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) access management practices, an in-depth telephone survey was conducted of a selected group of eleven other state departments of transportation. The information assembled on the access management policies, standards, practices, and problems of the various states was used in reviewing MDOT procedures and in identifying potential improvement options. This paper presents the findings of the surveys and their implications for states planning to strengthen their access management activities.
Driveways are private roads that provide access (both ingress and egress) between a public way an... more Driveways are private roads that provide access (both ingress and egress) between a public way and abutting properties, and any facilities on those properties. The roadway engineers’ focus is often on a part of the driveway, the area where the driveway intersects the public highway or street. Since these connections form the link or interface between public streets and highways and the activities they serve, driveways are an integral part of the roadway transportation system. There has been relatively little comprehensive research on or national guidance for the geometric design of driveways in recent decades. The objective of this project was to develop recommendations for geometric design of driveways that will be useful to state departments of transportation, local governments, and consultants in preparing driveway design standards and practices. The project included an extensive review of related literature, a survey of transportation agencies, a listing of almost 100 factors that can affect the design of a driveway, a list of needed research topics, and research on issues related to driveway vertical alignment. The project produced two documents, the project report and a driveway design guide.
This report presents the results and recommendations of a review of the South Dakota Department o... more This report presents the results and recommendations of a review of the South Dakota Department of Transportation's (SDDOT's) highway access control process. This document presents recommendations that improve South Dakota's access policy. The document also recommends access criteria for driveway locations and design, a recommended permitting process, access management authority in South Dakota, the benefits of improved access management, tools for local government, performance measures, and an implementation plan. The principal purpose of the review of SDDOT's highway access control process was to develop improved access policies, design guidelines and procedures for applying them. The policies, guidelines and procedures are intended to: Improve highway safety by minimizing the number, severity, and cost of accidents arising from access onto and off the highway system; Preserve investments in highways and roads by maintaining the functional integrity of the system; Provide consistency and predictability regarding access; Improve coordination and consistency between state and local governments regarding access policies; and Update the 1970s access management policies and design guidelines to provide an improved and consistent basis for managing highway access. Broad based stakeholder understanding of the safety and system benefits from improved access management formed an important element of the project.
... Center for Clean Air Policy, Washington, DC Adib K. Kanafani, Cahill Professor of Civil Engin... more ... Center for Clean Air Policy, Washington, DC Adib K. Kanafani, Cahill Professor of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley Susan Martinovich, Director, Nevada DOT, Carson City Debra L. Miller, Secretary, Kansas DOT, Topeka Sandra Rosenbloom, Professor of ...
This digest summarizes findings of National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project ... more This digest summarizes findings of National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 3-52A, "Impacts of Access-Management Techniques." NCHRP Report 420, "Impacts of Access Management Techniques" (1999), presents relationships between access density and accident rates. This digest uses additional data from Minnesota to confirm these relationships. The digest is organized as follows: Introduction; Problem Statement; Objective and Approach; Background; Results; Comparisons; and Accident Rate Indices.
Driveways are the link between public roadways and the abutting activities that they serve. Drive... more Driveways are the link between public roadways and the abutting activities that they serve. Driveways serve a wide range of activities in a variety of contexts. Driveway design guidelines have traditionally focused on accommodating motor vehicles, but in recent years, growing emphasis has been placed on a broader range of issues, such as better managing access and accommodating all modes, including pedestrians and bicyclists. How well driveways are designed affects the safety and mobility of not only motorists but also bicyclists and pedestrians. This paper draws from research performed for NCHRP Project 15–35, Geometric Design of Driveways. It discusses multimodal driveway design considerations and provides design guidelines that recognize the needs of pedestrians (including those with disabilities and transit users) and bicyclists.
Transportation Research Board eBooks, Apr 18, 2013
are an important element of the decision-making process, revised warrants were developed as part ... more are an important element of the decision-making process, revised warrants were developed as part of NCHRP Project 3-91 (5). The purpose of NCHRP Project 3-91 was to develop an objective and clear process for the selection of left-turn accommodations at unsignalized intersections. This paper provides the methodology and recommendations from using a benefit-cost approach for establishing left-turn lane warrants. NCHRP Project 3-91 was to also provide guidance on the design of left-turn lane accommodations. A document called Design Guide on Left-Turn Accommodations at Unsignalized Intersections (6) was developed to provide information on left-turn lane designs, traffic control treatments, and case study examples. Literature review and instaLLation GuideLines A review of the literature was performed using many sources, including research reports, state and federal design manuals, and handbooks. Although many procedures are in use by various organizations to determine the need for left-turn lanes, several are similar or identical. Most states' criteria are based on values from the AASHTO publication A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets (commonly known as the Green Book) (7) or values from NCHRP Report 279 (8), both of which are based on work done in the 1960s by M. D. Harmelink. The oldest research found on evaluating the need for left-turn lanes at unsignalized intersections was that of Harmelink (1) in a paper that was published in 1967. His research provided the foundation for many current left-turn guidelines. Harmelink based his work on a queuing model in which arrival and service rates are assumed to follow negative exponential distributions. He stated that the probability of a through vehicle arriving behind a stopped, left-turning vehicle should not exceed 0.02 for 40 mph, 0.015 for 50 mph, and 0.01 for 60 mph. He presented his criteria in the form of graphs, 18 in all. To use his graphs, the advancing volume, opposing volume, operating speed, and left-turn percentage need to be known. Graphs for speeds of 40, 50, and 60 mph are given, as well as left-turn volumes of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The Green Book (7) contains a table for use in determining the need for a left-turn lane on two-lane highways. Similar tables are also present in the 2004 (9), 2001 (10), 1994 (11), 1990 (12), and 1984 (13) editions of the Green Book. The values in the tables are based on Harmelink's work. In 1985, TRB published NCHRP Report 279: Intersection Channelization Design Guide (8). In that report, data from Harmelink's work are used to establish guidelines for determining the need for
Transportation Research Board eBooks, Sep 17, 2010
... of River City, Louisville, KY ALLEN D. BIEHLER, Secretary, Pennsylvania DOT, Harrisburg ... o... more ... of River City, Louisville, KY ALLEN D. BIEHLER, Secretary, Pennsylvania DOT, Harrisburg ... on its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. ... California Department of Transportation RICHARD C. WORSSAM, Virginia Department of Transportation ...
The Bronx is one of five boroughs in New York City. There are limited opportunities to cross betw... more The Bronx is one of five boroughs in New York City. There are limited opportunities to cross between the eastern and western sections of the Bronx due, to a large extent, to the topography and geography. The Cross Bronx Expressway (CBE) and a limited number of through streets provide for east-west mobility. The Bronx Arterial Needs Major Investment Study (BAN MIS), being performed for the New York State Department of Transportation, is exploring multimodal improvements for the corridor. A major improvement alternative is the construction of a continuous eastbound and westbound connector road system in the CBE corridor. The connector roads would be intended to provide an alternative to the CBE for local traffic and would involve both the utilization of existing streets and the construction of new streets. The connector road system would help to reconnect those neighborhoods in the Bronx north and south of the BCE and benefit a wide range of transportation modes. It would improve traffic circulation for local traffic, provide neighborhood connectivity, and create new parkland in the corridor in sections decked over the CBE. New transit service, in the form of bus rapid transit, and improved connectivity for bicycle and pedestrian movements also would be possible. The opportunities thus created for the neighborhoods, transit users, motorists, pedestrians, and bicyclists would significantly benefit the quality of life for Bronx residents. This paper shows how the connector road system could be configured given the geographic characteristics of the borough and the current arrangement of local streets, arterial highways, and transit services.
This paper presents an overview of National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project ... more This paper presents an overview of National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 3-52 - Impacts of Access Management Techniques. The project classified access management techniques, identified the "priority" techniques, and suggested safety, operation, and economic impact measures. The impacts and benefits of "priority" techniques were quantified based upon an extensive literature review, case studies of good and poor practice, and special field studies. In addition, the salient planning and policy implications were set forth.
NCHRP Project 15-35, Geometric Design of Driveways, was initiated to help address the lack of com... more NCHRP Project 15-35, Geometric Design of Driveways, was initiated to help address the lack of comprehensive research and national design guidance for the design of driveway connections to roadways. The research initiated with this project included an extensive literature review, a survey of state agencies and contacts with interest groups, and fieldwork to measure traffic attributes. The project produced two publications: a research report on the NCHRP website and NCHRP Report 659: Guide for the Geometric Design of Driveways. This paper considers the following topics: (a) What design issues were identified? Current design practices may not adequately consider the range of all driveway users: bicyclists, motorists, and pedestrians. The paper discusses the vulnerability of various users on the basis of historical crash data. (b) What user attributes were found? The research produced information about the driveway grades at which the undersides of vehicles may drag and the speeds at which vehicles on urban arterials entered commercial driveways having radii ranging from 13 to 20 ft. (c) What design practices were recommended? The guide presents a number of design practices to better meet the needs of all users. This paper provides useful information for design consultants and local government professionals.
As part of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 3-52, access managem... more As part of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 3-52, access management practices around freeway interchanges were explored. The paper presents some lessons learned from the examples studied, and some emergent access concepts.
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Papers by Jerome Gluck