N. laevis and Z. zanthoxyloides leaves from departments of Atlantic, Oueme, Couffo and Zou Area o... more N. laevis and Z. zanthoxyloides leaves from departments of Atlantic, Oueme, Couffo and Zou Area of South Benin were screened for the presence of chemical compounds by standard methods and compared. The results revealed the presence of the following compounds: alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, quinones, and essential oils in the plant samples regardless of the area and the harvest season. Saponins, cardiac glycosides, cyanogenic glycosides were found to be absent in the leaves of Z. zanthoxyloides and N. laevis regardless of the area and the harvest season. The significance of the plants in traditional medicine and the importance of the distribution of the chemical constituents justified the traditional use of these plants for the treatment of tropical diseases. We recommend further research work on these plants leaves for possible use as a source of raw material for industrial and medical science utilization. Keywords: Chemical Composition, Newbouldia laevis , Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloid...
The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 2012
In Benin, West Africa, frying is one of the major ways of cooking. However, the chemical composit... more In Benin, West Africa, frying is one of the major ways of cooking. However, the chemical composition of the oil used in the food frying process contains unsaturated fatty acids and other by-products that compromise the oil quality making it toxic and often carcinogenic. The aim of this study was to check the reliability of kits in controlling three frying yams oil quality. The food frying was performed using oil in a discontinuous heating period of 15 min followed by three hours of cooling period for two experimental days. The temperature, and the oil chemical samplings were assessed with the kit every thirty minutes. In addition, selected oil chemical characteristics were determined to quantitatively and qualitatively appreciate the chemical modifications during the fast food versus the rapid food JMBFS / Baba-Moussa et al. 2012 : 2 (1) 121-134 122 processing methods. Our findings indicate that water and volatile chemical compounds vary significantly for the first day of analysis f...
In the present study we have determined the chemi cal compositions and antimicrobial activities o... more In the present study we have determined the chemi cal compositions and antimicrobial activities of es sential oils extracted from fresh leaves of Ocimum basilicum and Ocimum gratissimum against Salmonella enterica serotype Oakland et Salmonella enterica serotype Legon, two bacteria implicated in guinea f owl mortality in the North Benin breedings. Extracted by Hydrodistillation and analy sed by Gas Chroamtography (GC) and Gas Chromatography quadruple Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), the major components are for Ocimum basilicum , estragole (31.3 %), linalol (24.0 %) eugenol (21.7 %) and for Ocimum gratissimum , thymol (43.4 %), para-cymene (12.3 %) and γ-terpinene (12.1 %). The Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and the Minimal Bactericide Concentrations (MBC) determined for these two essentials oils vary respe ctively from 8.10
Une enquete ethnobotanique menee dans la region du Chari Baguirmi (Tchad) a permis d’identifier 1... more Une enquete ethnobotanique menee dans la region du Chari Baguirmi (Tchad) a permis d’identifier 14 especes vegetales utilisees contre le diabete. Parmi ces especes deux sont couramment citees comme utilisees par les malades. Il s’agit de : Boscia senegalensis et Colocynthis vulgaris. L’objectif de cette etude vise a tester les proprietes anti-hyperglycemiantes de ces plantes. Les extraits hydroalcoliques des graines de B. senegalensis et des fruits de C. vulgaris ont ete evalues sur les lapins albinos dont l’hyperglycemie a ete provoquee par administration du D-glucose par voie orale. L’extrait de B. senegalensis, caracterise par des alcaloides, des saponosides, des tanins et des mucilages, presente une activite optimale a la dose de 250 mg/kg, tandis que l’extrait de C. vulgaris manifeste une activite maximale a la dose de 100 mg/kg. Ses constituants essentiels etant les alcaloides, les tanins, les terpenoides et les mucilages. Mots cles : Diabete – plantes medicinales – effet an...
The root oil of Carissa edulis from Benin was analyzed by GC/MS and six components were identifie... more The root oil of Carissa edulis from Benin was analyzed by GC/MS and six components were identified. The main constituent was 2-acetylphenol (92.7%) with lesser amounts of limonene (1.2%), γ-eudesmol (1.2%), α-pinene (0.3%), sabinene (0.3%) and myrcene (0.8%).
The yields of essential oils obtained from dried leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora and E. camaldule... more The yields of essential oils obtained from dried leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora and E. camaldulensis ranged according to the location between 2.3% and 5.9% for E. citriodora and between 0.6% and 1.4% for E. camaldulensis. Twenty-eight components were identified by GC/MS. In E. citriodora and E. camaldulensis, 90% of the isolated oils were obtained after one hour distillation and they
A and B. In addition, 3.25% of MRSA and 8.13% of methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) produced ... more A and B. In addition, 3.25% of MRSA and 8.13% of methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) produced PVL respectively. Our results indicated high frequency rate of MRSA in extra-hospital screened samples isolated from various types of infection. This high resistance ...
Resume Deux lots de graines d'Ocimum gratissimum OG1 et OG2, provenant de plantes de profils ... more Resume Deux lots de graines d'Ocimum gratissimum OG1 et OG2, provenant de plantes de profils chimiques initialement connus, ont ete mis en culture sur cinq sites choisis en fonction de leur situation geographique. Les plantes ont ete suivies au cours de leur cycle vegetatif. En phase de pleine floraison, un prelevement de parties aeriennes des plantes, fait sur chaque site, montre, apres hydrodistillation et analyse chimique par CPG et CPG/SM, une variation de la composition chimique des huiles essentielles en fonction des sites de culture. Cette variation est fortement relative au pourcentage du thymol (T), du gamma terpinene (G) et du para-cymene (P), composes majoritaires des huiles. Une etude plus poussee, realisee sur OG1 pendant une periode de huit mois, montre que les pourcentages de T, G et P varient enormement en fonction du cycle vegetatif, de l'heure de la recolte et du sechage, la somme T + P+ G restant quasiment constante. Ces resultats, qui expriment des changements rapides et complexes du profil chimique chez O. gratissimum et une probable interconversion entre ces composes majoritaires, appellent a la prudence dans l'utilisation des huiles essentielles de cette plante. Pour citer cet article : E. Yayi et al., C. R. Chimie 7 (2004).
Kola nut is chewed in many West African cultures and is used ceremonially. The aim of this study ... more Kola nut is chewed in many West African cultures and is used ceremonially. The aim of this study is to investigate some biological effects of Cola nitida's bark after phytochemical screening. The bark was collected, dried, and then powdered for the phytochemical screening and extractions. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of C. nitida were used in this study. The antibacterial activity was tested on ten reference strains and 28 meat isolated Staphylococcus strains by disc diffusion method. The antifungal activity of three fungal strains was determined on the Potato-Dextrose Agar medium mixed with the appropriate extract. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and ABTS methods. Our data revealed the presence of various potent phytochemicals. For the reference and meat isolated strains, the inhibitory diameter zone was from 17.5 ± 0.7 mm (C. albicans) to 9.5 ± 0.7 mm (P. vulgaris). The MIC ranged from 0.312 mg/mL to 5.000 mg/mL and the MBC from 0.625 mg/mL to >20 mg/mL. The highest antifungal activity was observed with F. verticillioides and the lowest one with P. citrinum. The two extracts have an excellent reducing free radical activity. The killing effect of A. salina larvae was perceptible at 1.04 mg/mL. The purified extracts of Cola nitida's bark can be used to hold meat products and also like phytomedicine.
Corchorus olitorius L. which belongs to Tiliaceae family is a cultivated herbaceous plant highly ... more Corchorus olitorius L. which belongs to Tiliaceae family is a cultivated herbaceous plant highly consumed as traditional leafy vegetables in Benin. Extracts from samples of different morphotypes leaves of this species were analysed for their phytochemical compositions, antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities. On each sample extract, qualitative phytochemical tests were used to detect the presence of bioactive molecules and evaluate their cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl assay. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of several phytochemical compounds in all samples of morphotypes studied but these have not a similar profile. Morphotypes with shiny rounded leaves have more phytochemicals (58% of phytochemicals compounds) than the other samples. Analysis of the potential antioxidant reveals a first category of morphotypes with high potential antioxidant capacity ranged from 27,859 to 32,985 mM EAA/g followed by second class of morphotype which ranged from 17,527 to 23,098 mM EAA/g . Regular consumption of C. olitorius such as varieties with rounded and non-shiny leaves, varieties with elongated and shiny leaves, varieties with red stems, varieties with elongated and nonshiny leaves with lateral lobes, would be useful for the treatment of various diseases induced by free radicals. The LC50 of morphotypes C. olitorius varies between 0.78 and 3.125 mg/ml indicating non toxicity. From this study, results justify the use of some morphotypes of C. olitorius in traditional medicine. Hence, these morphotypes are nutraceuticals leafy vegetables that must be promoted through development of food based products.
This study aimed firstly to determine the chemical composition, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ... more This study aimed firstly to determine the chemical composition, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of essential oils extracted from Ocimum gratissimum, Ocimum basilicum, Laurus nobilis and Melaleuca quinquenervia collected from Benin (West Africa) on five oral microorganisms (Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 24974, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Candida albicans IP 4872)
<p class=&... more <p class="1Body">Anaemia is a serious public health problem especially in developing countries as Benin. <em>Cocos nucifera</em> is one of medicinal plants used in Benin to treat anemia. This study aimed to test its therapeutic efficacy in anemia treatment. <strong>Method:</strong> Five groups of five <em>Wistar</em> rats each were formed. The rats of four groups were rendered anemic by injection of phenylhydrazine (hemolysis) in the first two days D0 and D1. From the second to the fifteenth day (D2 to D15), anemic groups were gavaged either by the aqueous extract of <em>Cocos nucifera</em> at 200 or 300 mg / kg body weight/day, or by vitafer, a reference drug against anemia. The last anemic group was not treated. The group of non-anemic rats served as a control. Blood samples were collected for all rats on days D0, D2, D7, D10 and D15 to assess blood count and osmotic resistance of red blood cells. <strong>Results:</strong> The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, leucoanthocyanes, steroids, quinone derivatives, reducing compounds and mucilage. The extract like the vitafer corrected completely anemia before two weeks by stimulating hemoglobin synthesis, production and early release of immature red cells in the blood stream. Its effect was dose dependent, quite specific and did not affect platelet lineage. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> <em>Cocos nucifera</em> has a good therapeutic efficacy and may be considered for transformation into improved traditional medicines (ITM) after study of its biological tolerance and appropriate clinical trials.</p>
The use of plants in traditional medicine become very common nowadays throughout the world and in... more The use of plants in traditional medicine become very common nowadays throughout the world and in developing countries in particular. The current study was carried out aiming to compare the chemical features of three vegetables (Vernonia amygdalina, Crateva adansonii and Sesamum radiatum) mostly used for human consumption and traditional medicine to treat bacterial diarrhoea in Benin. These vegetables were selected among the 27 species obtained after ethno-botanical investigations in southern Benin. Therefore, the major chemical groups contained in these vegetables were detected by solubility assays together with coloration and precipitation reactions. Furthermore, cytotoxicity of the plant extracts was assessed on shrimp larvae (Artemia salina). The results showed that gallic tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, mucilages, coumarins and reducing compounds were detected in all samples (100%) followed by cathechic tannins (66.66%) and saponins (33.33%). The study also revealed that none of the studied vegetables is cytotoxic (LC 50 > 0.01 mg/ml). This study was conducted in the perspective of establishing innovations capable of assisting to; manufacture Improved Traditional Medicines for the treatment of bacterial diarrhoea in the future. Besides, it pointed out the presence of secondary metabolites and the cytotoxicity of these vegetables interesting for further antibacterial, antidiarrheal and pharmacological studies.
Buruli ulcer (BU) imposes a serious economic burden on affected households and on health systems ... more Buruli ulcer (BU) imposes a serious economic burden on affected households and on health systems that are involved in diagnosing the disease and treating patients. Research is needed to find cost-effective therapies for this costly disease. Plants have always been an important source of new pharmacologically active molecules. Consequently we decided to undertake the study of plants used in traditional treatment of BU in Benin and investigate their antimycobacterial activity as well as their chemical composition. Extracts from forty-four (44) plant species were selected on account of reported traditional uses for the treatment of BU in Benin and were assayed for antimycobacterial activities. Crude hydroethanolic extract from aerial parts ofHolarrhena floribunda(G. Don) T. Durand and Schinz was found to have significant antimycobacterial activity againstM.ulcerans(MIC = 125 µg/mL). We describe here the identification of four steroidal alkaloids fromMycobacterium ulceransgrowth-inhibit...
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience, 2015
The objective of this study was to develop emission factors (EF) for methane (CH4) emissions from... more The objective of this study was to develop emission factors (EF) for methane (CH4) emissions from enteric fermentation in cattle native to Benin. Information on livestock characteristics and diet practices specific to the Benin cattle population were gathered from a variety of sources and used to estimate EF according to Tier 2 methodology of the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Most cattle from Benin are Bos taurus represented by Borgou, Somba and Lagune breeds. They are mainly multi-purpose, being used for production of meat, milk, hides and draft power and grazed in open pastures and crop lands comprising tropical forages and crops. Estimated enteric CH4 EFs varied among cattle breeds and subcategory owing to differences in proportions of gross energy intake expended to meet maintenance, production and activity. EFs ranged from 15.0 to 43.6, 16.9 to 46.3 and 24.7 to 64.9 kg CH4/head per year for subcategorie...
African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM / African Networks on Ethnomedicines, 2007
The chemical and analgesic comparison of essential oils of Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle of Benin ... more The chemical and analgesic comparison of essential oils of Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle of Benin and Congo was investigated. The chemical analysis wa carried out by using GS/MS for identification of components of the two essential oils while acetic acid-induced writhings, hot plate and tail flick test models were used for analgesic activity. The results showed that the two essential oils exhibited comparable activity on acetic acid-induced writhings, however, the essential oil of Benin induced more significant effect on hot plate model while the Congolese specie showed more effect in the tail flick test. These observations could be explained by some qualitative and/or quantitative differences observed between the constituents of the two essential oils studied.
N. laevis and Z. zanthoxyloides leaves from departments of Atlantic, Oueme, Couffo and Zou Area o... more N. laevis and Z. zanthoxyloides leaves from departments of Atlantic, Oueme, Couffo and Zou Area of South Benin were screened for the presence of chemical compounds by standard methods and compared. The results revealed the presence of the following compounds: alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, quinones, and essential oils in the plant samples regardless of the area and the harvest season. Saponins, cardiac glycosides, cyanogenic glycosides were found to be absent in the leaves of Z. zanthoxyloides and N. laevis regardless of the area and the harvest season. The significance of the plants in traditional medicine and the importance of the distribution of the chemical constituents justified the traditional use of these plants for the treatment of tropical diseases. We recommend further research work on these plants leaves for possible use as a source of raw material for industrial and medical science utilization. Keywords: Chemical Composition, Newbouldia laevis , Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloid...
The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 2012
In Benin, West Africa, frying is one of the major ways of cooking. However, the chemical composit... more In Benin, West Africa, frying is one of the major ways of cooking. However, the chemical composition of the oil used in the food frying process contains unsaturated fatty acids and other by-products that compromise the oil quality making it toxic and often carcinogenic. The aim of this study was to check the reliability of kits in controlling three frying yams oil quality. The food frying was performed using oil in a discontinuous heating period of 15 min followed by three hours of cooling period for two experimental days. The temperature, and the oil chemical samplings were assessed with the kit every thirty minutes. In addition, selected oil chemical characteristics were determined to quantitatively and qualitatively appreciate the chemical modifications during the fast food versus the rapid food JMBFS / Baba-Moussa et al. 2012 : 2 (1) 121-134 122 processing methods. Our findings indicate that water and volatile chemical compounds vary significantly for the first day of analysis f...
In the present study we have determined the chemi cal compositions and antimicrobial activities o... more In the present study we have determined the chemi cal compositions and antimicrobial activities of es sential oils extracted from fresh leaves of Ocimum basilicum and Ocimum gratissimum against Salmonella enterica serotype Oakland et Salmonella enterica serotype Legon, two bacteria implicated in guinea f owl mortality in the North Benin breedings. Extracted by Hydrodistillation and analy sed by Gas Chroamtography (GC) and Gas Chromatography quadruple Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), the major components are for Ocimum basilicum , estragole (31.3 %), linalol (24.0 %) eugenol (21.7 %) and for Ocimum gratissimum , thymol (43.4 %), para-cymene (12.3 %) and γ-terpinene (12.1 %). The Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and the Minimal Bactericide Concentrations (MBC) determined for these two essentials oils vary respe ctively from 8.10
Une enquete ethnobotanique menee dans la region du Chari Baguirmi (Tchad) a permis d’identifier 1... more Une enquete ethnobotanique menee dans la region du Chari Baguirmi (Tchad) a permis d’identifier 14 especes vegetales utilisees contre le diabete. Parmi ces especes deux sont couramment citees comme utilisees par les malades. Il s’agit de : Boscia senegalensis et Colocynthis vulgaris. L’objectif de cette etude vise a tester les proprietes anti-hyperglycemiantes de ces plantes. Les extraits hydroalcoliques des graines de B. senegalensis et des fruits de C. vulgaris ont ete evalues sur les lapins albinos dont l’hyperglycemie a ete provoquee par administration du D-glucose par voie orale. L’extrait de B. senegalensis, caracterise par des alcaloides, des saponosides, des tanins et des mucilages, presente une activite optimale a la dose de 250 mg/kg, tandis que l’extrait de C. vulgaris manifeste une activite maximale a la dose de 100 mg/kg. Ses constituants essentiels etant les alcaloides, les tanins, les terpenoides et les mucilages. Mots cles : Diabete – plantes medicinales – effet an...
The root oil of Carissa edulis from Benin was analyzed by GC/MS and six components were identifie... more The root oil of Carissa edulis from Benin was analyzed by GC/MS and six components were identified. The main constituent was 2-acetylphenol (92.7%) with lesser amounts of limonene (1.2%), γ-eudesmol (1.2%), α-pinene (0.3%), sabinene (0.3%) and myrcene (0.8%).
The yields of essential oils obtained from dried leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora and E. camaldule... more The yields of essential oils obtained from dried leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora and E. camaldulensis ranged according to the location between 2.3% and 5.9% for E. citriodora and between 0.6% and 1.4% for E. camaldulensis. Twenty-eight components were identified by GC/MS. In E. citriodora and E. camaldulensis, 90% of the isolated oils were obtained after one hour distillation and they
A and B. In addition, 3.25% of MRSA and 8.13% of methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) produced ... more A and B. In addition, 3.25% of MRSA and 8.13% of methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) produced PVL respectively. Our results indicated high frequency rate of MRSA in extra-hospital screened samples isolated from various types of infection. This high resistance ...
Resume Deux lots de graines d'Ocimum gratissimum OG1 et OG2, provenant de plantes de profils ... more Resume Deux lots de graines d'Ocimum gratissimum OG1 et OG2, provenant de plantes de profils chimiques initialement connus, ont ete mis en culture sur cinq sites choisis en fonction de leur situation geographique. Les plantes ont ete suivies au cours de leur cycle vegetatif. En phase de pleine floraison, un prelevement de parties aeriennes des plantes, fait sur chaque site, montre, apres hydrodistillation et analyse chimique par CPG et CPG/SM, une variation de la composition chimique des huiles essentielles en fonction des sites de culture. Cette variation est fortement relative au pourcentage du thymol (T), du gamma terpinene (G) et du para-cymene (P), composes majoritaires des huiles. Une etude plus poussee, realisee sur OG1 pendant une periode de huit mois, montre que les pourcentages de T, G et P varient enormement en fonction du cycle vegetatif, de l'heure de la recolte et du sechage, la somme T + P+ G restant quasiment constante. Ces resultats, qui expriment des changements rapides et complexes du profil chimique chez O. gratissimum et une probable interconversion entre ces composes majoritaires, appellent a la prudence dans l'utilisation des huiles essentielles de cette plante. Pour citer cet article : E. Yayi et al., C. R. Chimie 7 (2004).
Kola nut is chewed in many West African cultures and is used ceremonially. The aim of this study ... more Kola nut is chewed in many West African cultures and is used ceremonially. The aim of this study is to investigate some biological effects of Cola nitida's bark after phytochemical screening. The bark was collected, dried, and then powdered for the phytochemical screening and extractions. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of C. nitida were used in this study. The antibacterial activity was tested on ten reference strains and 28 meat isolated Staphylococcus strains by disc diffusion method. The antifungal activity of three fungal strains was determined on the Potato-Dextrose Agar medium mixed with the appropriate extract. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and ABTS methods. Our data revealed the presence of various potent phytochemicals. For the reference and meat isolated strains, the inhibitory diameter zone was from 17.5 ± 0.7 mm (C. albicans) to 9.5 ± 0.7 mm (P. vulgaris). The MIC ranged from 0.312 mg/mL to 5.000 mg/mL and the MBC from 0.625 mg/mL to >20 mg/mL. The highest antifungal activity was observed with F. verticillioides and the lowest one with P. citrinum. The two extracts have an excellent reducing free radical activity. The killing effect of A. salina larvae was perceptible at 1.04 mg/mL. The purified extracts of Cola nitida's bark can be used to hold meat products and also like phytomedicine.
Corchorus olitorius L. which belongs to Tiliaceae family is a cultivated herbaceous plant highly ... more Corchorus olitorius L. which belongs to Tiliaceae family is a cultivated herbaceous plant highly consumed as traditional leafy vegetables in Benin. Extracts from samples of different morphotypes leaves of this species were analysed for their phytochemical compositions, antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities. On each sample extract, qualitative phytochemical tests were used to detect the presence of bioactive molecules and evaluate their cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl assay. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of several phytochemical compounds in all samples of morphotypes studied but these have not a similar profile. Morphotypes with shiny rounded leaves have more phytochemicals (58% of phytochemicals compounds) than the other samples. Analysis of the potential antioxidant reveals a first category of morphotypes with high potential antioxidant capacity ranged from 27,859 to 32,985 mM EAA/g followed by second class of morphotype which ranged from 17,527 to 23,098 mM EAA/g . Regular consumption of C. olitorius such as varieties with rounded and non-shiny leaves, varieties with elongated and shiny leaves, varieties with red stems, varieties with elongated and nonshiny leaves with lateral lobes, would be useful for the treatment of various diseases induced by free radicals. The LC50 of morphotypes C. olitorius varies between 0.78 and 3.125 mg/ml indicating non toxicity. From this study, results justify the use of some morphotypes of C. olitorius in traditional medicine. Hence, these morphotypes are nutraceuticals leafy vegetables that must be promoted through development of food based products.
This study aimed firstly to determine the chemical composition, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ... more This study aimed firstly to determine the chemical composition, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of essential oils extracted from Ocimum gratissimum, Ocimum basilicum, Laurus nobilis and Melaleuca quinquenervia collected from Benin (West Africa) on five oral microorganisms (Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 24974, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Candida albicans IP 4872)
<p class=&... more <p class="1Body">Anaemia is a serious public health problem especially in developing countries as Benin. <em>Cocos nucifera</em> is one of medicinal plants used in Benin to treat anemia. This study aimed to test its therapeutic efficacy in anemia treatment. <strong>Method:</strong> Five groups of five <em>Wistar</em> rats each were formed. The rats of four groups were rendered anemic by injection of phenylhydrazine (hemolysis) in the first two days D0 and D1. From the second to the fifteenth day (D2 to D15), anemic groups were gavaged either by the aqueous extract of <em>Cocos nucifera</em> at 200 or 300 mg / kg body weight/day, or by vitafer, a reference drug against anemia. The last anemic group was not treated. The group of non-anemic rats served as a control. Blood samples were collected for all rats on days D0, D2, D7, D10 and D15 to assess blood count and osmotic resistance of red blood cells. <strong>Results:</strong> The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, leucoanthocyanes, steroids, quinone derivatives, reducing compounds and mucilage. The extract like the vitafer corrected completely anemia before two weeks by stimulating hemoglobin synthesis, production and early release of immature red cells in the blood stream. Its effect was dose dependent, quite specific and did not affect platelet lineage. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> <em>Cocos nucifera</em> has a good therapeutic efficacy and may be considered for transformation into improved traditional medicines (ITM) after study of its biological tolerance and appropriate clinical trials.</p>
The use of plants in traditional medicine become very common nowadays throughout the world and in... more The use of plants in traditional medicine become very common nowadays throughout the world and in developing countries in particular. The current study was carried out aiming to compare the chemical features of three vegetables (Vernonia amygdalina, Crateva adansonii and Sesamum radiatum) mostly used for human consumption and traditional medicine to treat bacterial diarrhoea in Benin. These vegetables were selected among the 27 species obtained after ethno-botanical investigations in southern Benin. Therefore, the major chemical groups contained in these vegetables were detected by solubility assays together with coloration and precipitation reactions. Furthermore, cytotoxicity of the plant extracts was assessed on shrimp larvae (Artemia salina). The results showed that gallic tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, mucilages, coumarins and reducing compounds were detected in all samples (100%) followed by cathechic tannins (66.66%) and saponins (33.33%). The study also revealed that none of the studied vegetables is cytotoxic (LC 50 > 0.01 mg/ml). This study was conducted in the perspective of establishing innovations capable of assisting to; manufacture Improved Traditional Medicines for the treatment of bacterial diarrhoea in the future. Besides, it pointed out the presence of secondary metabolites and the cytotoxicity of these vegetables interesting for further antibacterial, antidiarrheal and pharmacological studies.
Buruli ulcer (BU) imposes a serious economic burden on affected households and on health systems ... more Buruli ulcer (BU) imposes a serious economic burden on affected households and on health systems that are involved in diagnosing the disease and treating patients. Research is needed to find cost-effective therapies for this costly disease. Plants have always been an important source of new pharmacologically active molecules. Consequently we decided to undertake the study of plants used in traditional treatment of BU in Benin and investigate their antimycobacterial activity as well as their chemical composition. Extracts from forty-four (44) plant species were selected on account of reported traditional uses for the treatment of BU in Benin and were assayed for antimycobacterial activities. Crude hydroethanolic extract from aerial parts ofHolarrhena floribunda(G. Don) T. Durand and Schinz was found to have significant antimycobacterial activity againstM.ulcerans(MIC = 125 µg/mL). We describe here the identification of four steroidal alkaloids fromMycobacterium ulceransgrowth-inhibit...
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience, 2015
The objective of this study was to develop emission factors (EF) for methane (CH4) emissions from... more The objective of this study was to develop emission factors (EF) for methane (CH4) emissions from enteric fermentation in cattle native to Benin. Information on livestock characteristics and diet practices specific to the Benin cattle population were gathered from a variety of sources and used to estimate EF according to Tier 2 methodology of the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Most cattle from Benin are Bos taurus represented by Borgou, Somba and Lagune breeds. They are mainly multi-purpose, being used for production of meat, milk, hides and draft power and grazed in open pastures and crop lands comprising tropical forages and crops. Estimated enteric CH4 EFs varied among cattle breeds and subcategory owing to differences in proportions of gross energy intake expended to meet maintenance, production and activity. EFs ranged from 15.0 to 43.6, 16.9 to 46.3 and 24.7 to 64.9 kg CH4/head per year for subcategorie...
African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM / African Networks on Ethnomedicines, 2007
The chemical and analgesic comparison of essential oils of Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle of Benin ... more The chemical and analgesic comparison of essential oils of Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle of Benin and Congo was investigated. The chemical analysis wa carried out by using GS/MS for identification of components of the two essential oils while acetic acid-induced writhings, hot plate and tail flick test models were used for analgesic activity. The results showed that the two essential oils exhibited comparable activity on acetic acid-induced writhings, however, the essential oil of Benin induced more significant effect on hot plate model while the Congolese specie showed more effect in the tail flick test. These observations could be explained by some qualitative and/or quantitative differences observed between the constituents of the two essential oils studied.
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