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Ipek Süntar

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Esra Küpeli Akkol

Yuzuncu Yil University

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Anadolu University

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Papers by Ipek Süntar

Assessment of anticholinesterase and antioxidant properties of the extracts and (+)-catechin obtained from Arceuthobium oxycedri (D.C.) M. Bieb (dwarf mistletoe)

South African Journal of Botany, 2019

The hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, water, and n-butanol extracts of Arcethobium oxycedri (DC.... more The hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, water, and n-butanol extracts of Arcethobium oxycedri (DC.) M.Bieb. (Santalaceae) were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against acetyl-(AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), related to Alzheimer's disease at 200 μg/mL using microplate assays. Since oxidative stress contributes much to neurodegeneration, antioxidative effect of the extracts was determined in metal-chelating and ferricreducing antioxidant power (FRAP) test systems as well as antiradical effect against 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Total phenol and flavonoid contents of the extracts were calculated spectrophotometrically. Our findings indicated that the EtOAc extract, the richest one in total phenol and flavonoid amount (455.22 ± 4.35 and 194.45 mg/g extract, respectively) displayed the highest cholinesterase inhibition (45.37 ± 1.23% for AChE and 94.74 ± 2.43% for BChE at 200 μg/mL). Fractionation of the EtOAc led to isolation of (+)-catechin as the major compound. Catechin exerted remarkable antioxidant effect, whereas it did not cause cholinesterase inhibition. Therefore, the EtOAc extract deserves further investigation for its high BChE inhibition.

(+)-Usnic acid enamines with remarkable cicatrizing properties

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Apr 1, 2013

Wound healing is a significant concern in many pathologies (post-surgeries, burns, scars) and the... more Wound healing is a significant concern in many pathologies (post-surgeries, burns, scars) and the search for new chemical entities is advisable. The lichen compound (+)-usnic acid (1) has found application in dermatological and cosmetic preparations, due to its bacteriostatic and antioxidant activities. The compound has also been shown to stimulate the wound closure of keratinocyte monolayers at subtoxic doses. Here we describe the design and synthesis of usnic acid enamines (compounds 2-11), obtained through nucleophilic attack of amino acids or decarboxyamino acids at the acyl carbonyl of the enolized 1,3 diketone. The wound repair properties of these derivatives were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo assays. Compounds 8 and 9 combine low cytotoxicity with high wound healing performance, suggesting their possible use in wound healing-promoting or antiage skin preparations.

The evidence of health benefits and food applications of Thymus vulgaris L

Trends in Food Science and Technology, Nov 1, 2021

The Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activity ofLiquidambar orientalisMill. var.orientalisvia NF-κB and Apoptotic Pathways in Human Colorectal Cancer

Nutrition and Cancer, 2021

Abstract Liquidambar orientalis Mill. var. orientalis (Hammamelidaceae) commonly known as orienta... more Abstract Liquidambar orientalis Mill. var. orientalis (Hammamelidaceae) commonly known as oriental sweet gum is a medicinal plant endemic to Turkey, and used for treatment of wounds such as ulcers, gastritis and skin diseases. However, there are only a limited number of studies on the anticancer properties of this plant. The aim of this study is to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of L. orientalis in colorectal cancer cell lines and to reveal the active therapeutic components. Antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-invasive and apoptotic effects were investigated for determining biological activities. The phytochemical profile and quantitation assays were carried out by using HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS. The results demonstrated that leaf methanol extract (LM) of L. orientalis has the highest cytotoxic activity in HCT-116 (IC50 27.80 μg/mL) and HT-29 (IC50 43.13 μg/mL) cell lines as compared to the other extracts tested. Regarding chemical composition, quercetin 3-glucoside (61.005 ± 1.527 mg/g extract), chlorogenic acid (31.627 ± 0.970 mg/g extract), pyrogallol (9.950 ± 0.001 mg/g extract), epigallocatechin gallate (9.671 ± 0.004 mg/g extract), apigenin 7-O-glucoside (2.687 ± 0.027 mg/g extract), gallic acid (2.137 ± 0.012 mg/g extract), genistin (1.270 ± 0.027 mg/g extract), luteolin (0.055 ± 0.0005 mg/g extract) and kaempferol (0.506 ± 0.007 mg/g extract) were identified as the major phytochemical compounds. Our results showed that LM extract exhibited In Vitro cytotoxic and apoptotic properties.

Gallotannins in Food

Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals, 2019

Tannins are natural polyphenolic components found in fruits such as grapes, apples, pears, plums,... more Tannins are natural polyphenolic components found in fruits such as grapes, apples, pears, plums, peaches, strawberries, and cranberries as well as in beverages including wine and tea. Other sources of tannins are Acer ginnala Maxim., Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze, Caesalpinia brevifolia Baill., Hamamelis virginiana L., Quercus infectoria Oliv., Terminalia chebula Retz., Eucalyptus sieberiana F. Muell., and Schinopsis Engl. species. Tannins can be classified into hydrolyzable and nonhydrolyzable (condensed) tannins. Hydrolyzable tannins possess a polyhydric alcohol group in center and hydroxyl groups that are esterified by gallic acid or hexahydroxydiphenic acid,

Collagenase, Elastase and Hyaluronidase Inhibitory Activities of Some Polyphenols Isolated from Ononidis Radix

Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health, 2016

The genus Ononis L. which belongs to Fabaceae family, is represented by more than 75 species in E... more The genus Ononis L. which belongs to Fabaceae family, is represented by more than 75 species in Europe as well as Atlantic Islands, West Asia and North Africa. The genus is especially distributed closed to the coasts of Mediterranean Sea (Al-Khalil, 1995; Reyes-Betancort & Scholz, 2008). Ononis spinosa L. is a well known species especially in the central region of Turkey and the roots of this species is used as folk medicine against skin diseases due to its wound healing activity (Altanlar et al., 2006; Sever Yilmaz et al., 2006). In this study, in vitro collagenase, elastase and hyaluronidase inhibitory activities of five polyphenolic compounds, namely trifolirhizin, ononin, medicarpin-3-O-glucoside, onogenin-7-O-glucoside and sativanone-7-O-glucoside, were evaluated. The compounds were isolated from the ethylacetate fraction of the roots of O. spinosa and the structure of the bioactive compounds were established by MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR as well as 2D-NMR (COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, HMBC) te...

The effectiveness of Teucrium chamaedrys L. extracts on endometriotic implant regression in rat endometriosis model

Veterinary Research Forum, 2020

The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of Teucrium chamaedrys L.... more The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of Teucrium chamaedrys L. (Lamiaceae) in the experimentally induced endometriosis in rats. Endometrial tissue was implanted into the abdominal wall of thirty Sprague Dawley rats; the rats with endometriosis were randomized into five groups and treatment procedure was performed for three weeks. The treatment groups were orally treated with three different extracts of Teucrium chamaedrys. Buserelin acetate (20.00 mg) was given as a reference drug. Vehicle was administered alone to the control group. All rats were sacrified at the end of the experiment. The endometriotic implants were measured, intra-abdominal adhesions were scored and the tissue samples were histopathologically investigated. After the treatment procedure, the volumes of endometrial implant and adhesions were detected to be significantly decreased in the T. chamaedrys extracts treated groups compared to the control group. Therapeutic effect of the ...

In vivo bioactivity assessment on Epilobium species: A particular focus on Epilobium angustifolium and its components on enzymes connected with the healing process

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2020

Epilobium species are generally known as "Yakı Otu" in Turkey, which mens "plaster herb" in Engli... more Epilobium species are generally known as "Yakı Otu" in Turkey, which mens "plaster herb" in English. Young shoots of Epilobium angustifolium L., Epilobium stevenii Boiss., and Epilobium hirsutum L. are consumed as salad or meal. These species have been used as a poultice for the treatment of mouth wounds in traditional medicine. An ointment prepared from leaves is used for skin disorders in children. Aim of the study: We aimed to evaluate the ethnopharmacological use of Epilobium angustifolium, E. stevenii, and E. hirsutum by using in vivo and in vitro experimental models, and to identify the active wound-healer compound (s) and to explain the probable mechanism of the wound-healing activity. Materials and methods: Evaluation of wound healing effects of plant extracts was performed in rats and mice by linear incision and circular excision wound models. Determination of total phenolic constituents and antioxidant capacities, which are known to promote the wound healing process, were carried out through Folin-Ciocalteau method and 2,2 Diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay as well as determination of total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) on the treated tissues. The active ethyl acetate (EtOAc) sub-extract of E. angustifolium was fractionated by different chromatographic separation techniques. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated via detailed analyzes (NMR and LC/MS). In addition, in vitro collagenase, hyaluronidase, and elastase enzymes inhibitory activity tests were performed on the isolated compounds to discover the activation pathways of the samples. Results: Among the methanol (MeOH) extracts, E. angustifolium had the highest wound healing activity. Among the sub-extracts, EtOAc showed the highest wound healing activity. Thus, EtOAc sub-extract was subjected to chromatography to isolate the active compounds. Five known flavonoids namely hyperoside (quercetin-3-O-β-Dgalactoside) (1), kaempferol (2), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamno pyranoside (3), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamno pyranoside (4), and quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabino pyranoside (5) were isolated from the EtOAc sub-extract of E. angustifolium. In vitro tests showed that hyperoside could be the compound responsible for the wound-healing activity by its significant anti-hyaluronidase, anti-collagenase, and antioxidant activities. Conclusion: The EtOAc sub-extract of the aerial part of Epilobium angustifolium displayed remarkable woundhealing activity with anti-hyaluronidase, anti-collagenase, and antioxidant activities. Hyperoside was detected as the primary active compound of the aerial parts. According to the results, we suggest that EtOAc sub-extract of E. angustifolium and hyperoside may be a potent nominee to be used for the improvement of a wound-healing agent.

Almonds (Prunus Dulcis Mill. D. A. Webb): A Source of Nutrients and Health-Promoting Compounds

Nutrients, 2020

Almonds (Prunus dulcis Miller D. A. Webb (the almond or sweet almond)), from the Rosaceae family,... more Almonds (Prunus dulcis Miller D. A. Webb (the almond or sweet almond)), from the Rosaceae family, have long been known as a source of essential nutrients; nowadays, they are in demand as a healthy food with increasing popularity for the general population and producers. Studies on the composition and characterization of almond macro- and micronutrients have shown that the nut has many nutritious ingredients such as fatty acids, lipids, amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, as well as secondary metabolites. However, several factors affect the nutritional quality of almonds, including genetic and environmental factors. Therefore, investigations evaluating the effects of different factors on the quality of almonds were also included. In epidemiological studies, the consumption of almonds has been associated with several therapeutically and protective health benefits. Clinical studies have verified the modulatory effects on serum glucose, lipid and uric acid level...

Polyphenols in the treatment of autoimmune diseases

Autoimmunity Reviews, 2019

In addition to protecting body from infections and diseases, the immune system produces autoantib... more In addition to protecting body from infections and diseases, the immune system produces autoantibodies that can cause complex autoimmune disorders, such as Type I diabetes, primary biliary cirrhosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis, to name a few. In such cases, the immune system fails to recognize between foreign agents and its own body cells. Different factors, such as genetic factors (CD25, STAT4), epigenetic factors (DNA methylation, histone modifications) and environmental factors (xenobiotics, drugs, hormones) trigger autoimmunity. Glucocorticoids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), immunosuppressive and biological agents are

Activity evaluation on Ribes species, traditionally used to speed up healing of wounds: With special focus on Ribes nigrum

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2019

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Ribes species are usually evergreen shrubs, represented by eight ... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: Ribes species are usually evergreen shrubs, represented by eight species in Turkey. Although they are known for their fruits with commercial importance, their leaves have been used as folk remedy in various areas in Turkey by rural population owing to their wound healing potential. Aim of the study: In the present study we aimed to assess the wound healing activity of the leaves of Ribes species growing in Turkey, namely,

$Research paper thumbnail of {"__content__"=>"An Overview on L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Citrus aurantium"}}$

{"__content__"=>"An Overview on L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Citrus aurantium"}}

Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2018

L. (Rutaceae), commonly known as bitter orange, possesses multiple therapeutic potentials. These ... more L. (Rutaceae), commonly known as bitter orange, possesses multiple therapeutic potentials. These biological credentials include anticancer, antianxiety, antiobesity, antibacterial, antioxidant, pesticidal, and antidiabetic activities. The essential oil of was reported to display marked pharmacological effects and great variation in chemical composition depending on growing locations but mostly contained limonene, linalool, and -myrcene. Phytochemically, is rich in -synephrine, an alkaloid, and many health-giving secondary metabolites such as flavonoids. Animal studies have demonstrated a low affinity of -synephrine for adrenergic receptors and an even lower affinity in human models. The present review focuses on the different biological activities of the in animal and human models in the form of extract and its pure secondary metabolites. Finally, it is concluded that both the extract and isolated compounds have no unwanted effects in human at therapeutic doses and, therefore, can c...

Isoflavonoids as wound healing agents from Ononidis Radix

Journal of ethnopharmacology, Jan 30, 2018

Dried roots of Ononis spinosa L. are traditionally used for their diuretic, anti-inflammatory and... more Dried roots of Ononis spinosa L. are traditionally used for their diuretic, anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects. Isolation of the bioactive compounds of Ononis spinosa L. subsp. leiosperma (Boiss.) Sirj. Ethyl acetate extract prepared from the roots of Ononis spinosa L. subsp. leiosperma (Boiss.) Sirj. was subjected to silica gel column. The fractions were tested for their wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. Linear incision and circular excision wound models and hydroxypyroline estimation assay were used for the wound healing activity. Carrageenan-induced hind paw edema, TPA-induced ear edema and acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability tests as acute inflammation; FCA-induced arthritis as chronic inflammation models were used for the assessment of anti-inflammatory activity. Antioxidant capacities of the fractions were tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (A...

$Research paper thumbnail of {"__content__"=>" \nactivity assessment of somespecies used as traditional wound healer along with identification of the phytochemical profile by a new validated HPLC method.", "i"=>[{"__content__"=>"In vivo"}, {"__content__"=>"Tanacetum"}]}$

{"__content__"=>" \nactivity assessment of somespecies used as traditional wound healer along with identification of the phytochemical profile by a new validated HPLC method.", "i"=>[{"__content__"=>"In vivo"}, {"__content__"=>"Tanacetum"}]}

Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2018

species are traditionally used as insecticide, and externally wound healer as well as for anti-in... more species are traditionally used as insecticide, and externally wound healer as well as for anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic properties. Thewound-healing and anti-inflammatory potential of fourspecies,(Lam.) Willd. subsp.(TA)(Bornm.) Grierson (TH),(Lab.) Schultz Bip. subsp.(TD), andL. (TV) was investigated. The chloroform (CHCl) and methanol:water (80:20) extracts were prepared from the aerial parts of each plant. For assessment of the wound-healing activity, linear incision on rats and circular excision on mice wound models were used and histopathological analyses were conducted on the tissues treated with the test materials. For the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity, Whittle Method based on the inhibition of the acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability was used. In order to elucidate the phytochemical contents of the extracts, HPLC profiles of active fractions were screened and quantitative analysis was conducted within the scope of HPLC analysis. The CH...

Pharmacological and chemical features of Nepeta L. genus: Its importance as a therapeutic agent

Phytotherapy research : PTR, Jan 18, 2017

Medicinal plants have always had great value for the human population due to their valuable const... more Medicinal plants have always had great value for the human population due to their valuable constituents and potential bioactivities. The objective of this review is to present an updated overview of an important medicinal plant genus Nepeta L., from the family Lamiaceae, revealing its traditional utilization, biological activity, phytoconstituents, and mechanisms of action. For this purpose, a literature survey was carried out by using SciFinder, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science followed by a revision of the bibliographies of the related articles. We have described and analyzed the role of plants in drug discovery and the importance of Nepeta species. Information on the utilization purposes of Nepeta species in folk medicine has been emphasized, and scientific studies on the biological effects and secondary metabolites are addressed. Nepeta species are characterized by terpenoid-type compounds and phenolic constituents, which exert several activities such as an ant...

Research on the antioxidant, wound healing, and anti-inflammatory activities and the phytochemical composition of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait)

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2017

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Ethnobotanical investigations have shown that the Pinus species h... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: Ethnobotanical investigations have shown that the Pinus species have been used against rheumatic pain and for wound healing in Turkish folk medicine. Material and methods: In this study, phytochemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities of Maritime Pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) that is collected in Turkey are investigated. Essential oil composition and the amount of extracts (lipophilic and hydrophilic) of maritime pine wood and fresh cone samples had been tested. Results: The essential oil from cones of P. pinaster revealed the highest activities, whereas other parts of the plant did not display any appreciable wound healing, anti-inflammatory, or antioxidant effects. α-Pinene was the main constituent of the essential oil obtained from the cones of P. pinaster. Conclusion: Experimental studies shown that P. pinaster's remarkable anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities support the traditional use of the plant, and suggest it could have a place in modern medicine.

Update on Monoterpenes as Antimicrobial Agents: A Particular Focus on p-Cymene

Materials (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 15, 2017

p-Cymene [1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-benzene] is a monoterpene found in over 100 plant species us... more p-Cymene [1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-benzene] is a monoterpene found in over 100 plant species used for medicine and food purposes. It shows a range of biological activity including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anxiolytic, anticancer and antimicrobial effects. This last property has been widely investigated due to the urgent need for new substances with antimicrobial properties, to be used to treat communicable diseases whose diffusion in developed countries has been facilitated by globalization and the evolution of antimicrobial resistance. This review summarizes available scientific data, as reported by the most recent studies describing the antimicrobial activity of p-cymene either alone, or as the main component of plant extracts, as well as addressing the mechanisms of action of cymenes as antimicrobial agents. While p-cymene is one of the major constituents of extracts and essential oils used in traditional medicines as antimicrobial agents, but considering...

Effects of Alchemilla mollis and Alchemilla persica on the wound healing process

Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology, 2016

Alchemilla mollis, is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of wounds and excessive mens... more Alchemilla mollis, is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of wounds and excessive menstruation. Aqueous methanol extracts of A. mollis and A. persica were evaluated for wound healing acivity by using linear incision and circular excision wound models along with hydroxyproline estimation and histopathological analysis. Anti-inflammatory effect was determined according to Whittle method. The extracts prepared from the aerial parts of A. mollis and A. persica exerted significant wound healing activity with the tensile strength values of 39.3% and 33.3%, respectively, and with the contraction values of 51.4% and 43.5%, respectively. Hydroxyproline estimation and histopathological analysis also confirmed the results. The extracts of A. mollis and A. persica showed significant anti-inflammatory activity with the values of 30.6% and 26.6% respectively. These results showed that A. mollis and A. persica possess significant wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities.Video Clip...

Investigating Biological Activity Potential Of Plantago Lanceolata L. In Healing Of Skin Wounds By A Preclinical Research

Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016

Plantago lanceolata L. has been used for wound healing in Turkish traditional medicine. In the pr... more Plantago lanceolata L. has been used for wound healing in Turkish traditional medicine. In the present study the wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous and methanol extract of P. lanceolata was investigated.In vivo excision and incision wound models were applied on mice and rats for the evaluation of the wound healing effect of P. lanceolata. Inhibitory effect of the extracts on acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability was assessed by using Whittle Method. Moreover, the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), glutathione (GSH), total thiols (TSH), hydroxyproline (HP), and tissue trace elements (Zn +2 and Cu +2) were analysed.The aqueous extract of P. lanceolata was found to have wound healing activity in both incision and excision wound models. The results obtained from histopathological analysis also supported the data. Significant anti-inflammatory activity was also detected for both extracts. P.lanceolata significantly reduced the levels of TBARs which is one of the indicators of oxidative stress on the wounded tissue and increased the levels of GSH, TSH and HP. Additionally, P. lanceolata was found to have capacity to increase the levels of tissue Zn +2 and Cu +2 , both of which are important indicators in the process of wound healing and collagen synthesis. The results indicated that P. lanceolata which is used in the treatment of wounds in addition to many illnesses in traditional medicine and is rich in terms of flavanoids has a powerful antioxidant effect and so it has a positive assistance in healing process. More advanced studies are needed to illuminate the mechanism accurately.

Potential anthelmintic activity of Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2016

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The decoction prepared from the roots of Pelargonium endlicherian... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: The decoction prepared from the roots of Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl. has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal parasitism in small ruminants in Turkish Folk Medicine. Aim of the study: The aim of the present study is to investigate in vitro anthelmintic activity of the extracts prepared from the roots of Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl. (Geraniaceae). Materials and methods: So as to determine the potential anthelmintic effect of the roots of the plant, nhexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH) extracts were successively prepared. In vitro test methods were used for the determination of the anthelmintic effect of the extracts on eggs, larvae and adults of Haemonchus contortus. The extracts were prepared in three increasing concentrations by using Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) for egg hatch, larval development assay and adult motility inhibition assay. PBS was used as negative control, levamisole (in PBS) was used as a reference. Results: The extracts exerted significant anthelmintic activity on three lifecycle stages of Haemonchus contortus when compared to the negative control group (P o0.05). The activity was proportional to the concentrations of the plant extracts for egg hatching and the first stage larvae but not for the adult worms. Moreover, the results have shown that the MeOH extract was found to have higher ovicidal and larvicidal effects than the other extracts. Conclusions: Results of the present research have revealed that MeOH extract obtained from P. endlicherianum demonstrated in vitro anthelmintic effect against the eggs, the first stage larvae and the adult stage of H. contortus. These results confirmed the folkloric use of the plant. It was suggested that the tannin content of the plant could be responsible for the anthelmintic activity.

Assessment of anticholinesterase and antioxidant properties of the extracts and (+)-catechin obtained from Arceuthobium oxycedri (D.C.) M. Bieb (dwarf mistletoe)

South African Journal of Botany, 2019

The hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, water, and n-butanol extracts of Arcethobium oxycedri (DC.... more The hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, water, and n-butanol extracts of Arcethobium oxycedri (DC.) M.Bieb. (Santalaceae) were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against acetyl-(AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), related to Alzheimer's disease at 200 μg/mL using microplate assays. Since oxidative stress contributes much to neurodegeneration, antioxidative effect of the extracts was determined in metal-chelating and ferricreducing antioxidant power (FRAP) test systems as well as antiradical effect against 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Total phenol and flavonoid contents of the extracts were calculated spectrophotometrically. Our findings indicated that the EtOAc extract, the richest one in total phenol and flavonoid amount (455.22 ± 4.35 and 194.45 mg/g extract, respectively) displayed the highest cholinesterase inhibition (45.37 ± 1.23% for AChE and 94.74 ± 2.43% for BChE at 200 μg/mL). Fractionation of the EtOAc led to isolation of (+)-catechin as the major compound. Catechin exerted remarkable antioxidant effect, whereas it did not cause cholinesterase inhibition. Therefore, the EtOAc extract deserves further investigation for its high BChE inhibition.

(+)-Usnic acid enamines with remarkable cicatrizing properties

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Apr 1, 2013

Wound healing is a significant concern in many pathologies (post-surgeries, burns, scars) and the... more Wound healing is a significant concern in many pathologies (post-surgeries, burns, scars) and the search for new chemical entities is advisable. The lichen compound (+)-usnic acid (1) has found application in dermatological and cosmetic preparations, due to its bacteriostatic and antioxidant activities. The compound has also been shown to stimulate the wound closure of keratinocyte monolayers at subtoxic doses. Here we describe the design and synthesis of usnic acid enamines (compounds 2-11), obtained through nucleophilic attack of amino acids or decarboxyamino acids at the acyl carbonyl of the enolized 1,3 diketone. The wound repair properties of these derivatives were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo assays. Compounds 8 and 9 combine low cytotoxicity with high wound healing performance, suggesting their possible use in wound healing-promoting or antiage skin preparations.

The evidence of health benefits and food applications of Thymus vulgaris L

Trends in Food Science and Technology, Nov 1, 2021

The Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activity ofLiquidambar orientalisMill. var.orientalisvia NF-κB and Apoptotic Pathways in Human Colorectal Cancer

Nutrition and Cancer, 2021

Abstract Liquidambar orientalis Mill. var. orientalis (Hammamelidaceae) commonly known as orienta... more Abstract Liquidambar orientalis Mill. var. orientalis (Hammamelidaceae) commonly known as oriental sweet gum is a medicinal plant endemic to Turkey, and used for treatment of wounds such as ulcers, gastritis and skin diseases. However, there are only a limited number of studies on the anticancer properties of this plant. The aim of this study is to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of L. orientalis in colorectal cancer cell lines and to reveal the active therapeutic components. Antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-invasive and apoptotic effects were investigated for determining biological activities. The phytochemical profile and quantitation assays were carried out by using HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS. The results demonstrated that leaf methanol extract (LM) of L. orientalis has the highest cytotoxic activity in HCT-116 (IC50 27.80 μg/mL) and HT-29 (IC50 43.13 μg/mL) cell lines as compared to the other extracts tested. Regarding chemical composition, quercetin 3-glucoside (61.005 ± 1.527 mg/g extract), chlorogenic acid (31.627 ± 0.970 mg/g extract), pyrogallol (9.950 ± 0.001 mg/g extract), epigallocatechin gallate (9.671 ± 0.004 mg/g extract), apigenin 7-O-glucoside (2.687 ± 0.027 mg/g extract), gallic acid (2.137 ± 0.012 mg/g extract), genistin (1.270 ± 0.027 mg/g extract), luteolin (0.055 ± 0.0005 mg/g extract) and kaempferol (0.506 ± 0.007 mg/g extract) were identified as the major phytochemical compounds. Our results showed that LM extract exhibited In Vitro cytotoxic and apoptotic properties.

Gallotannins in Food

Handbook of Dietary Phytochemicals, 2019

Tannins are natural polyphenolic components found in fruits such as grapes, apples, pears, plums,... more Tannins are natural polyphenolic components found in fruits such as grapes, apples, pears, plums, peaches, strawberries, and cranberries as well as in beverages including wine and tea. Other sources of tannins are Acer ginnala Maxim., Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze, Caesalpinia brevifolia Baill., Hamamelis virginiana L., Quercus infectoria Oliv., Terminalia chebula Retz., Eucalyptus sieberiana F. Muell., and Schinopsis Engl. species. Tannins can be classified into hydrolyzable and nonhydrolyzable (condensed) tannins. Hydrolyzable tannins possess a polyhydric alcohol group in center and hydroxyl groups that are esterified by gallic acid or hexahydroxydiphenic acid,

Collagenase, Elastase and Hyaluronidase Inhibitory Activities of Some Polyphenols Isolated from Ononidis Radix

Journal of the International Society of Antioxidants in Nutrition & Health, 2016

The genus Ononis L. which belongs to Fabaceae family, is represented by more than 75 species in E... more The genus Ononis L. which belongs to Fabaceae family, is represented by more than 75 species in Europe as well as Atlantic Islands, West Asia and North Africa. The genus is especially distributed closed to the coasts of Mediterranean Sea (Al-Khalil, 1995; Reyes-Betancort & Scholz, 2008). Ononis spinosa L. is a well known species especially in the central region of Turkey and the roots of this species is used as folk medicine against skin diseases due to its wound healing activity (Altanlar et al., 2006; Sever Yilmaz et al., 2006). In this study, in vitro collagenase, elastase and hyaluronidase inhibitory activities of five polyphenolic compounds, namely trifolirhizin, ononin, medicarpin-3-O-glucoside, onogenin-7-O-glucoside and sativanone-7-O-glucoside, were evaluated. The compounds were isolated from the ethylacetate fraction of the roots of O. spinosa and the structure of the bioactive compounds were established by MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR as well as 2D-NMR (COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, HMBC) te...

The effectiveness of Teucrium chamaedrys L. extracts on endometriotic implant regression in rat endometriosis model

Veterinary Research Forum, 2020

The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of Teucrium chamaedrys L.... more The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of Teucrium chamaedrys L. (Lamiaceae) in the experimentally induced endometriosis in rats. Endometrial tissue was implanted into the abdominal wall of thirty Sprague Dawley rats; the rats with endometriosis were randomized into five groups and treatment procedure was performed for three weeks. The treatment groups were orally treated with three different extracts of Teucrium chamaedrys. Buserelin acetate (20.00 mg) was given as a reference drug. Vehicle was administered alone to the control group. All rats were sacrified at the end of the experiment. The endometriotic implants were measured, intra-abdominal adhesions were scored and the tissue samples were histopathologically investigated. After the treatment procedure, the volumes of endometrial implant and adhesions were detected to be significantly decreased in the T. chamaedrys extracts treated groups compared to the control group. Therapeutic effect of the ...

In vivo bioactivity assessment on Epilobium species: A particular focus on Epilobium angustifolium and its components on enzymes connected with the healing process

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2020

Epilobium species are generally known as "Yakı Otu" in Turkey, which mens "plaster herb" in Engli... more Epilobium species are generally known as "Yakı Otu" in Turkey, which mens "plaster herb" in English. Young shoots of Epilobium angustifolium L., Epilobium stevenii Boiss., and Epilobium hirsutum L. are consumed as salad or meal. These species have been used as a poultice for the treatment of mouth wounds in traditional medicine. An ointment prepared from leaves is used for skin disorders in children. Aim of the study: We aimed to evaluate the ethnopharmacological use of Epilobium angustifolium, E. stevenii, and E. hirsutum by using in vivo and in vitro experimental models, and to identify the active wound-healer compound (s) and to explain the probable mechanism of the wound-healing activity. Materials and methods: Evaluation of wound healing effects of plant extracts was performed in rats and mice by linear incision and circular excision wound models. Determination of total phenolic constituents and antioxidant capacities, which are known to promote the wound healing process, were carried out through Folin-Ciocalteau method and 2,2 Diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay as well as determination of total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) on the treated tissues. The active ethyl acetate (EtOAc) sub-extract of E. angustifolium was fractionated by different chromatographic separation techniques. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated via detailed analyzes (NMR and LC/MS). In addition, in vitro collagenase, hyaluronidase, and elastase enzymes inhibitory activity tests were performed on the isolated compounds to discover the activation pathways of the samples. Results: Among the methanol (MeOH) extracts, E. angustifolium had the highest wound healing activity. Among the sub-extracts, EtOAc showed the highest wound healing activity. Thus, EtOAc sub-extract was subjected to chromatography to isolate the active compounds. Five known flavonoids namely hyperoside (quercetin-3-O-β-Dgalactoside) (1), kaempferol (2), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamno pyranoside (3), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamno pyranoside (4), and quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabino pyranoside (5) were isolated from the EtOAc sub-extract of E. angustifolium. In vitro tests showed that hyperoside could be the compound responsible for the wound-healing activity by its significant anti-hyaluronidase, anti-collagenase, and antioxidant activities. Conclusion: The EtOAc sub-extract of the aerial part of Epilobium angustifolium displayed remarkable woundhealing activity with anti-hyaluronidase, anti-collagenase, and antioxidant activities. Hyperoside was detected as the primary active compound of the aerial parts. According to the results, we suggest that EtOAc sub-extract of E. angustifolium and hyperoside may be a potent nominee to be used for the improvement of a wound-healing agent.

Almonds (Prunus Dulcis Mill. D. A. Webb): A Source of Nutrients and Health-Promoting Compounds

Nutrients, 2020

Almonds (Prunus dulcis Miller D. A. Webb (the almond or sweet almond)), from the Rosaceae family,... more Almonds (Prunus dulcis Miller D. A. Webb (the almond or sweet almond)), from the Rosaceae family, have long been known as a source of essential nutrients; nowadays, they are in demand as a healthy food with increasing popularity for the general population and producers. Studies on the composition and characterization of almond macro- and micronutrients have shown that the nut has many nutritious ingredients such as fatty acids, lipids, amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, as well as secondary metabolites. However, several factors affect the nutritional quality of almonds, including genetic and environmental factors. Therefore, investigations evaluating the effects of different factors on the quality of almonds were also included. In epidemiological studies, the consumption of almonds has been associated with several therapeutically and protective health benefits. Clinical studies have verified the modulatory effects on serum glucose, lipid and uric acid level...

Polyphenols in the treatment of autoimmune diseases

Autoimmunity Reviews, 2019

In addition to protecting body from infections and diseases, the immune system produces autoantib... more In addition to protecting body from infections and diseases, the immune system produces autoantibodies that can cause complex autoimmune disorders, such as Type I diabetes, primary biliary cirrhosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis, to name a few. In such cases, the immune system fails to recognize between foreign agents and its own body cells. Different factors, such as genetic factors (CD25, STAT4), epigenetic factors (DNA methylation, histone modifications) and environmental factors (xenobiotics, drugs, hormones) trigger autoimmunity. Glucocorticoids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), immunosuppressive and biological agents are

Activity evaluation on Ribes species, traditionally used to speed up healing of wounds: With special focus on Ribes nigrum

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2019

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Ribes species are usually evergreen shrubs, represented by eight ... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: Ribes species are usually evergreen shrubs, represented by eight species in Turkey. Although they are known for their fruits with commercial importance, their leaves have been used as folk remedy in various areas in Turkey by rural population owing to their wound healing potential. Aim of the study: In the present study we aimed to assess the wound healing activity of the leaves of Ribes species growing in Turkey, namely,

$Research paper thumbnail of {"__content__"=>"An Overview on L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Citrus aurantium"}}$

{"__content__"=>"An Overview on L.: Its Functions as Food Ingredient and Therapeutic Agent.", "i"=>{"__content__"=>"Citrus aurantium"}}

Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2018

L. (Rutaceae), commonly known as bitter orange, possesses multiple therapeutic potentials. These ... more L. (Rutaceae), commonly known as bitter orange, possesses multiple therapeutic potentials. These biological credentials include anticancer, antianxiety, antiobesity, antibacterial, antioxidant, pesticidal, and antidiabetic activities. The essential oil of was reported to display marked pharmacological effects and great variation in chemical composition depending on growing locations but mostly contained limonene, linalool, and -myrcene. Phytochemically, is rich in -synephrine, an alkaloid, and many health-giving secondary metabolites such as flavonoids. Animal studies have demonstrated a low affinity of -synephrine for adrenergic receptors and an even lower affinity in human models. The present review focuses on the different biological activities of the in animal and human models in the form of extract and its pure secondary metabolites. Finally, it is concluded that both the extract and isolated compounds have no unwanted effects in human at therapeutic doses and, therefore, can c...

Isoflavonoids as wound healing agents from Ononidis Radix

Journal of ethnopharmacology, Jan 30, 2018

Dried roots of Ononis spinosa L. are traditionally used for their diuretic, anti-inflammatory and... more Dried roots of Ononis spinosa L. are traditionally used for their diuretic, anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects. Isolation of the bioactive compounds of Ononis spinosa L. subsp. leiosperma (Boiss.) Sirj. Ethyl acetate extract prepared from the roots of Ononis spinosa L. subsp. leiosperma (Boiss.) Sirj. was subjected to silica gel column. The fractions were tested for their wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. Linear incision and circular excision wound models and hydroxypyroline estimation assay were used for the wound healing activity. Carrageenan-induced hind paw edema, TPA-induced ear edema and acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability tests as acute inflammation; FCA-induced arthritis as chronic inflammation models were used for the assessment of anti-inflammatory activity. Antioxidant capacities of the fractions were tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (A...

$Research paper thumbnail of {"__content__"=>" \nactivity assessment of somespecies used as traditional wound healer along with identification of the phytochemical profile by a new validated HPLC method.", "i"=>[{"__content__"=>"In vivo"}, {"__content__"=>"Tanacetum"}]}$

{"__content__"=>" \nactivity assessment of somespecies used as traditional wound healer along with identification of the phytochemical profile by a new validated HPLC method.", "i"=>[{"__content__"=>"In vivo"}, {"__content__"=>"Tanacetum"}]}

Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2018

species are traditionally used as insecticide, and externally wound healer as well as for anti-in... more species are traditionally used as insecticide, and externally wound healer as well as for anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic properties. Thewound-healing and anti-inflammatory potential of fourspecies,(Lam.) Willd. subsp.(TA)(Bornm.) Grierson (TH),(Lab.) Schultz Bip. subsp.(TD), andL. (TV) was investigated. The chloroform (CHCl) and methanol:water (80:20) extracts were prepared from the aerial parts of each plant. For assessment of the wound-healing activity, linear incision on rats and circular excision on mice wound models were used and histopathological analyses were conducted on the tissues treated with the test materials. For the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity, Whittle Method based on the inhibition of the acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability was used. In order to elucidate the phytochemical contents of the extracts, HPLC profiles of active fractions were screened and quantitative analysis was conducted within the scope of HPLC analysis. The CH...

Pharmacological and chemical features of Nepeta L. genus: Its importance as a therapeutic agent

Phytotherapy research : PTR, Jan 18, 2017

Medicinal plants have always had great value for the human population due to their valuable const... more Medicinal plants have always had great value for the human population due to their valuable constituents and potential bioactivities. The objective of this review is to present an updated overview of an important medicinal plant genus Nepeta L., from the family Lamiaceae, revealing its traditional utilization, biological activity, phytoconstituents, and mechanisms of action. For this purpose, a literature survey was carried out by using SciFinder, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science followed by a revision of the bibliographies of the related articles. We have described and analyzed the role of plants in drug discovery and the importance of Nepeta species. Information on the utilization purposes of Nepeta species in folk medicine has been emphasized, and scientific studies on the biological effects and secondary metabolites are addressed. Nepeta species are characterized by terpenoid-type compounds and phenolic constituents, which exert several activities such as an ant...

Research on the antioxidant, wound healing, and anti-inflammatory activities and the phytochemical composition of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait)

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2017

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Ethnobotanical investigations have shown that the Pinus species h... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: Ethnobotanical investigations have shown that the Pinus species have been used against rheumatic pain and for wound healing in Turkish folk medicine. Material and methods: In this study, phytochemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities of Maritime Pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) that is collected in Turkey are investigated. Essential oil composition and the amount of extracts (lipophilic and hydrophilic) of maritime pine wood and fresh cone samples had been tested. Results: The essential oil from cones of P. pinaster revealed the highest activities, whereas other parts of the plant did not display any appreciable wound healing, anti-inflammatory, or antioxidant effects. α-Pinene was the main constituent of the essential oil obtained from the cones of P. pinaster. Conclusion: Experimental studies shown that P. pinaster's remarkable anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities support the traditional use of the plant, and suggest it could have a place in modern medicine.

Update on Monoterpenes as Antimicrobial Agents: A Particular Focus on p-Cymene

Materials (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 15, 2017

p-Cymene [1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-benzene] is a monoterpene found in over 100 plant species us... more p-Cymene [1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-benzene] is a monoterpene found in over 100 plant species used for medicine and food purposes. It shows a range of biological activity including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anxiolytic, anticancer and antimicrobial effects. This last property has been widely investigated due to the urgent need for new substances with antimicrobial properties, to be used to treat communicable diseases whose diffusion in developed countries has been facilitated by globalization and the evolution of antimicrobial resistance. This review summarizes available scientific data, as reported by the most recent studies describing the antimicrobial activity of p-cymene either alone, or as the main component of plant extracts, as well as addressing the mechanisms of action of cymenes as antimicrobial agents. While p-cymene is one of the major constituents of extracts and essential oils used in traditional medicines as antimicrobial agents, but considering...

Effects of Alchemilla mollis and Alchemilla persica on the wound healing process

Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology, 2016

Alchemilla mollis, is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of wounds and excessive mens... more Alchemilla mollis, is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of wounds and excessive menstruation. Aqueous methanol extracts of A. mollis and A. persica were evaluated for wound healing acivity by using linear incision and circular excision wound models along with hydroxyproline estimation and histopathological analysis. Anti-inflammatory effect was determined according to Whittle method. The extracts prepared from the aerial parts of A. mollis and A. persica exerted significant wound healing activity with the tensile strength values of 39.3% and 33.3%, respectively, and with the contraction values of 51.4% and 43.5%, respectively. Hydroxyproline estimation and histopathological analysis also confirmed the results. The extracts of A. mollis and A. persica showed significant anti-inflammatory activity with the values of 30.6% and 26.6% respectively. These results showed that A. mollis and A. persica possess significant wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities.Video Clip...

Investigating Biological Activity Potential Of Plantago Lanceolata L. In Healing Of Skin Wounds By A Preclinical Research

Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016

Plantago lanceolata L. has been used for wound healing in Turkish traditional medicine. In the pr... more Plantago lanceolata L. has been used for wound healing in Turkish traditional medicine. In the present study the wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous and methanol extract of P. lanceolata was investigated.In vivo excision and incision wound models were applied on mice and rats for the evaluation of the wound healing effect of P. lanceolata. Inhibitory effect of the extracts on acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability was assessed by using Whittle Method. Moreover, the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), glutathione (GSH), total thiols (TSH), hydroxyproline (HP), and tissue trace elements (Zn +2 and Cu +2) were analysed.The aqueous extract of P. lanceolata was found to have wound healing activity in both incision and excision wound models. The results obtained from histopathological analysis also supported the data. Significant anti-inflammatory activity was also detected for both extracts. P.lanceolata significantly reduced the levels of TBARs which is one of the indicators of oxidative stress on the wounded tissue and increased the levels of GSH, TSH and HP. Additionally, P. lanceolata was found to have capacity to increase the levels of tissue Zn +2 and Cu +2 , both of which are important indicators in the process of wound healing and collagen synthesis. The results indicated that P. lanceolata which is used in the treatment of wounds in addition to many illnesses in traditional medicine and is rich in terms of flavanoids has a powerful antioxidant effect and so it has a positive assistance in healing process. More advanced studies are needed to illuminate the mechanism accurately.

Potential anthelmintic activity of Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2016

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The decoction prepared from the roots of Pelargonium endlicherian... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: The decoction prepared from the roots of Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl. has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal parasitism in small ruminants in Turkish Folk Medicine. Aim of the study: The aim of the present study is to investigate in vitro anthelmintic activity of the extracts prepared from the roots of Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl. (Geraniaceae). Materials and methods: So as to determine the potential anthelmintic effect of the roots of the plant, nhexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH) extracts were successively prepared. In vitro test methods were used for the determination of the anthelmintic effect of the extracts on eggs, larvae and adults of Haemonchus contortus. The extracts were prepared in three increasing concentrations by using Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) for egg hatch, larval development assay and adult motility inhibition assay. PBS was used as negative control, levamisole (in PBS) was used as a reference. Results: The extracts exerted significant anthelmintic activity on three lifecycle stages of Haemonchus contortus when compared to the negative control group (P o0.05). The activity was proportional to the concentrations of the plant extracts for egg hatching and the first stage larvae but not for the adult worms. Moreover, the results have shown that the MeOH extract was found to have higher ovicidal and larvicidal effects than the other extracts. Conclusions: Results of the present research have revealed that MeOH extract obtained from P. endlicherianum demonstrated in vitro anthelmintic effect against the eggs, the first stage larvae and the adult stage of H. contortus. These results confirmed the folkloric use of the plant. It was suggested that the tannin content of the plant could be responsible for the anthelmintic activity.